Say a word about poor Japanese

35
Some statements in the discussions on the site prompted me to think (yes, better late than never) about the correctness of the authors of these statements in some points. For which they are my appreciation. And, having thought well and having rummaged in own paper carriers, having plowed on the full Internet, I have to tell you, dear readers, just a couple of words.

What is war with Japan for us? Yes, Pearl Harbor, Midway, Hiroshima, Nagasaki and a separate Hiroshima for the Kwantung Army performed by the Soviet Army. Meanwhile, very, very much left behind the scenes. Yes, sometimes knowledge of Mr. S. Ishii and his “731 Squad” skips. Everything in general.

What story? Iceberg. And under the water is hidden very dofiga, which I will try to demonstrate to you. Go.

It all started back in the distant 1894 year, when Japan decided to bend China. The reason was the desire to give Korea independence from China, and more specifically, to prevent foreign, especially European, control over Korea, and if absolutely accurate, taking it under control - that was the main goal of Japanese foreign policy.

China lost the war in its style - quickly and foolishly. The Japanese hung the Chinese on land and at sea. Then, with the mediation of the former US Secretary of State John Foster, who served as an adviser to the Qing Dynasty (ohoho, pay attention !!!), the Shimonoseki treaty was concluded in 1895 year.

The treaty consisted of 11 articles, according to which China recognized the independence of Korea, which created favorable opportunities for Japanese expansion in Korea; transferred to Japan forever the island of Taiwan, Penghu Islands and the Liaodong Peninsula; paid contributions to 200 million Liang; opened a number of ports for trade; provided the Japanese with the right to build industrial enterprises in China and import industrial equipment there. The last point, by virtue of the principle of the most favored, included in the treaties of China with other powers, opened up broad opportunities for the economic penetration of foreign capital into China (well, you understand what kind of capital).

The conditions imposed by Japan on China led to the so-called "triple intervention" of Russia, Germany and France - the powers that by that time had extensive contacts with China and therefore perceived the signed agreement as detrimental to their interests. 23 April 1895 Russia, Germany and France appealed to the Japanese government to deny the annexation of the Liaodong Peninsula, which could lead to Japanese control of Port Arthur, while Nicholas II, supported by the Western allies, had its own views on -Arthur as an ice-free port for Russia.

The Japanese from the Liaodong Peninsula had to be abandoned. The threefold intervention led to its transfer to the 1898 year in Russia for rental use. The realization that Russia actually took away the Lyaodunsky Peninsula captured during the war from Japan led to a new wave of militarization of Japan, this time directed against Russia. And this is despite the fact that Japan received from Russia for the Kwantung Peninsula huge compensation of about 400 million rubles in silver. Trifle, of course, if on a global scale ...

In general, if you look economically, you can sympathize with Japan. In general, it is not clear how they lived there, in fact, without minerals, gas, oil and other things. Yes, and managed to live well and complicate the lives of neighbors. But it was definitely necessary to develop, and therefore they rushed to the continent with all their might. And the appetite, as we know, comes precisely during the meal.

In 1903, the dispute over Russian forest concessions in Korea and the continuing Russian occupation of Manchuria led to a sharp aggravation of Russian-Japanese relations. Japan sought its full domination in Korea and demanded that Russia clean Manchuria, to which Russia could not go for any reasons.

Sudden, without official declaration of war, Japanese attack fleet On the night of January 27, 1904, the Russian squadron on the outer raid of Port Arthur led to the destruction of several of the strongest ships of the Russian squadron and ensured the unhindered landing of Japanese troops in Korea in February 1904. In May 1904, using the inaction of the Russian command, the Japanese landed their troops on the Kwantung Peninsula and cut the railway connection between Port Arthur and Russia. The siege of Port Arthur was launched by Japanese troops by the beginning of August 1904, and on December 20, 1904 the garrison of the fortress was forced to surrender. The remains of the Russian squadron in Port Arthur were sunk by Japanese siege artillery or blown up by their own crew.

In February 1905, the Japanese forced the Russian army to retreat in the general battle of Mukden, and 14-15 in May 1905, in the Tsushima battle, defeated the Russian squadron deployed to the Far East from the Baltic.

The war ended with the Portsmouth Peace, which was signed by 23 on August 1905, and recorded a concession by Russia to Japan of southern Sakhalin and its rental rights to the Liaodong Peninsula and the South Manchurian Railway.

The requirements posed by Japan were as follows:

- Recognition of the freedom of action of Japan in Korea.
- The withdrawal of Russian troops from Manchuria.
- The transfer of Japan Lyaodunskogo Peninsula and the South Manchurian Railway (YuMZHD).
- Payment by Russia of military costs.
- Transfer of Japanese Russian ships interned by Japan.
- Accession of Sakhalin to Japan (occupied by Japanese troops on the eve of the opening of the conference in Portsmouth).
- Restriction of the Russian naval forces in the Far East.
- Giving Japan the right to fish along the Russian coast.

In general, the appetite just go. But, thank God, Russia had its own weapon this time. His name was Sergei Witte. This man managed to negate all the achievements of the Japanese, for which he bowed and eternal memory. For definitely, it could have been worse if someone else appeared in his place.

At the insistence of the Russian side, the protocol of the conference recorded the obligation of Japan not to carry out actions without coordination with the Korean government affecting the sovereignty of Korea. It was also possible to impose a condition on Japan on the simultaneous and parallel withdrawal from Manchuria of the armed forces of the two countries.

In connection with the problem, the South-Caucasian Railway agreed to cede to Japan only that part of the road that was in the Japanese occupation zone, and only with the consent of the Chinese government.

Russia rejected Japan’s demands on Sakhalin, internees, restriction of Russian naval forces in the Far East and on indemnity. Consent was granted only for compensation to Japan for the maintenance of prisoners of war. In connection with the firm position of the Russian delegation, which declared at the first meeting that “there are neither winners nor losers at the conference”, the conference was on the verge of failure. Before the prospect of continuing the war, Japan trembled and 18 August 1905 rejected the requirement to restrict naval forces, issue internees and pay contributions with the condition of assigning southern Sakhalin and paying 1,2 billion yen for returning northern Sakhalin to Russia. The Russian side was ready to give up on Sakhalin, but refused to pay a fee for the return of its northern part. There was pressure from Russia on the American side to force it to accept the conditions of Japan, but Witte was firm in defending the Russian position. Not having achieved concessions from Russia, Roosevelt strongly advised the Japanese side not to continue the war because of the indemnity. Ultimately, the Japanese government decided to make a world without indemnity, leaving Japan with the southern part of Sakhalin. Japan also had to guarantee the freedom of navigation in the La Pérouse Strait and make a commitment not to strengthen South Sakhalin.
The signing of the treaty was perceived by the Japanese public as humiliation and caused riots in Tokyo.

But in the first world Japan compensated for the incurred "losses".

As soon as the war began, China immediately declared its neutrality. However, the Japanese immediately drew a so-called list of twenty-one requirements. ”

"Requirements" were divided into five groups. The first of these included the recognition by China of all agreements that could be concluded between Germany and Japan regarding Shandong. Provision was also made for the transfer to Japan of the rights to build railways there and the opening of major cities and ports for Japan.

The second group of requirements concerned southern Manchuria and eastern Inner Mongolia. Japan demanded transfer of Lüshun (Port Arthur, Ryojun), Dalian (Dalniy, Dayren), South Manchurian, Andong-Mukden and Jilin-Chanchun railways for 99 years for rent, giving the Japanese the right to acquire and lease land, freedom of residence and movement as well as mining rights and trade and industry.

The third group offered to turn the Khanepi Industrial Plant into a mixed Japanese-Chinese enterprise, which combined mines and steel mills in Hanyang, Dye and Pingxiang.

The fourth group prohibited China from alienating and leasing the harbor, bay and islands along the Chinese coast.

Finally, the fifth group included inviting the Japanese as political, financial and military advisers to the central government of China, recognizing land ownership in China for Japanese temples, hospitals and schools, creating Japanese-Chinese military factories with scientific and technical assistance from Japan, providing Japan’s rights to build railways in Chinese territory, consult with Japan on the construction of railways, mines and ports in Fujian province, provide the Japanese rights of religious propaganda in China.

In short, with the fifth group went bust and China howled in a bad voice, asking for help from anyone. Whatever turned out to be ... right, USA. Sensing the threat of an “open door policy in China”, US Secretary of State William Bryan handed 13 March 1915 a “Brian note” in which, although he recognized Japan’s “special interests” in Manchuria, Mongolia and Shandong, he expressed concern about the attack on China’s sovereignty . British diplomacy also expressed dissatisfaction with Japan’s rude actions toward China.

In China, the Yuan Shikai government’s day of acceptance of the Japanese ultimatum was called the “National Shame Day” by patriots. China entered the First World War on the side of the Entente, hoping that in this case after the war the great powers would decide on the elimination of the territorial seizures of Japan. When it became known that at the conference in Versailles all the demands of the Chinese delegation were rejected, a powerful nationwide struggle unfolded in China, which went down in history as the May 4 Movement. But, alas, China was in flight.

Having dealt with China, the Japanese threw themselves into rapture with gusto. Moreover, they grabbed the possession of former friends of German companions. in August - September 1914, the Japanese landing forces seized the islands of Yap, Marshall, Karolinska and Mariana. After the capture of Jaluit on the Marshall Islands, the squadron of Admiral Tamina 12 October appeared in the beautiful harbor of Truka in the Caroline Islands. Rear Admiral Tatsuo Matsumura squadron 1 of October captured the port of Rabaul on the island of New Britain belonging to Germany. At the end of 1914, the 4 of the Japanese ship stood in Suwa harbor in Fiji, and the 6 were based on Truk. By the beginning of November 1914, the only territory in the Pacific Ocean controlled by Germany was the port-fortress of Qingdao. True, not for long, because by the end of the next year the Japanese who had entered the rage also captured him.

In general, the 1914-1918 world war allowed the Japanese empire to justify its title: from a regional power, it became, if not a world power, then at least become a powerful dominant in Asia and the Pacific. By the end of 1918, Japanese troops, in addition to the former German possessions on Shandong and in the Pacific, occupied part of the territory of China proper, part of North Manchuria, and part of Eastern Siberia. However, not everything was so smooth, consolidation in Asian Russia and China was far from being completed. Certain consequences of the war were new relations with yesterday’s allies, primarily with Great Britain and the USA. Mutual hostility and hostility led to the rupture of the Anglo-Japanese alliance in 1921 (immediately after the end of joint actions in Russia). For the US, Japan never ceased to be a potential enemy. This led to the rapprochement of Japan and Germany. The consequences and results of new, post-war realities are well known to all.

As a result, they fought, fought, but received nothing special. More precisely, they got it, but not as much as they wanted. Especially since the Japanese were kicked out of Siberia. Politics further demanded a return to the already passed. That is, to China.

In general, the relationship between the two countries could not be called peaceful. Starting from 1929, minor conflicts and provocations constantly occurred, and in March 1931, having organized a provocation on the Manchurian railway, the Japanese began hostilities and by the end of the year successfully seized Manchuria and created the puppet state of Manzhou-Go.

In 1932, Japan safely and without much straining actually snapped off Shanghai at its disposal.

In 1937, the second phase of the seizure of China began. The Japanese acted on the established scenario of provocations. The Lugouqiao 7.07.1937 incident of the year marked the official start of the Second Sino-Japanese War. The result of the incident was the abandonment by Chinese troops in late July - early August of Beijing and Tianjin, northern China remained completely defenseless against the Japanese mechanized units, which fully occupied it by the end of the year.

8 August - The Second Shanghai Battle unfolded on November 8, during which numerous Japanese landings as part of the 3 Expeditionary Corps Matsui with intensive support from the sea and the air managed to seize the city of Shanghai, despite the strong resistance of the Chinese; A puppet pro-Japanese government was formed in Shanghai.

In November - December 1937, the Japanese army launched an offensive on Nanjing along the Yangtze River, without encountering strong resistance. December 12, 1937 Japanese aviation made an unprovoked raid on the British and American ships stationed near Nanjing. As a result, the gunboat Panay was sunk. However, diplomatic measures of the conflict were avoided. On December 13, Nanjing fell, the government was evacuated to the city of Hankou.

During the 5 days, the Japanese army staged a massacre of civilians in the city, killing more than 200 thousands of people. The first call, so to speak.

As a result of the battles for Nanjing, the Chinese army lost everything Tanks, artillery, aviation and navy. On December 14, 1937, the establishment of the Provisional Government of the Republic of China, controlled by the Japanese, was proclaimed in Beijing.

In May-June 1938, the Japanese regrouped, concentrating more than 200 thousands of soldiers and officers and about 400 tanks against 400 thousands of poorly armed Chinese, almost deprived of military equipment, and continued the offensive, resulting in Xuzhou (May 20) and Kaifeng (June 6) ). In these battles, the Japanese used chemical and bacteriological weapons. That is, they wanted to put on the Geneva Convention 17 June 1925 of the year, and, in fact, laid it with the parting.

At the same time, Japan organized the so-called Changkufeng incident (July 29 - August 11 1938 of the year), known to us as the battles at Lake Hassan. The pretext was the territorial claims of the puppet state of Manchukuo to the USSR. How it ended, is well known.

From 13 March to 3, 1939 launched the Nanchang operation, during which the Japanese troops in the 101 and 106 infantry division, supported by the landing of the marines and the massive use of aircraft and gunners, managed to occupy the city of Nanchang and several other cities. In late April, the Chinese launched a successful counter-attack on Nanchang, liberated the city of Hoan. However, then the Japanese troops launched a local strike in the direction of the city of Yichang. Japanese troops entered Nanchang on August 29 again.

In June, the Chinese cities of Shantou (June 1939) and Fuzhou (June 21) were taken by the naval landings.

In September, 1939 Chinese troops managed to stop the Japanese offensive in 18 km north of the city of Changsha. On October 10, they launched a successful counter-offensive against units of the 11 Army in the direction of Nanchang, which they managed to take on October 10. During the operation, the Japanese lost up to 25 thousand people and more 20 landing craft.

And at the same time there were events in the north. The fighting at Khalkhin Gol (May 11 - September 15 1939 of the year) was so named because of the Khalkhin Gol River, which flows through the battlefield; in Japan, they are known as the Nomokhan incident (due to the nearby village of Nomokhan). The cause of the conflict was a dispute about the delimitation of the border between Mongolia and Manchukuo. At the beginning of the conflict, Japanese troops managed to occupy part of the Mongolian territory, but already in August, the Japanese group was surrounded by the Red Army in the Khalkhin Gol area and defeated.

The result was the signing of 13 on April 1941 of the Soviet-Japanese treaty on neutrality, guaranteeing the USSR that Japan would not enter the war in the Soviet Far East if Germany did start a war with the USSR.

At that time, Japan controlled ¼ of the Chinese territory, mainly coastal areas of the Yellow Sea.

But on this appetite only inflamed.

Japan sought to oust the imperialist rivals - the United States, Britain and other colonial powers - from Southeast Asia, the South Sea region, and seize the sources of raw materials and food that were under their control. Japan was especially attracted by the natural resources of Southern Indochina, Malaya, Dutch India, and the Philippines. She was interested in obtaining oil, tin and rubber. Malaya and Dutch India accounted for 78 percent of world rubber production and 67 percent tin. In 1940, about 9 mln. Tons of oil was produced here. 90 percent tin and almost 75 percent rubber exported from these countries accounted for the United States.

The strengthening of the claims of the Japanese monopolies to the "abandoned" colonies of France and Holland (occupied by Germany at that time), American and British possessions in the Pacific and the whole of China caused further aggravation of the contradictions between Japan, on the one hand, and the United States and Great Britain. other.

In Washington, they did not think to weaken their positions in the Pacific, they did not want to concede to the Japanese the Dutch, French and other colonies, which the Americans themselves claimed. Therefore, the US government rejected the Japanese proposals put forward during the negotiations and testified to Tokyo’s desire to establish hegemony in China, Southeast Asia and the countries of the South Seas. Roosevelt was a very smart politician.

The next aggressive move of Japan in the south was its occupation of the southern part of Indochina. In response, the US government announced the distribution of an oil export license system to Japan from the US east coast states. But this measure did not stop the Japanese militarists. Forcing France to sign on July 23 an agreement on the use of military bases in Southern Indochina by Japanese armed forces, Japan actually occupied the area.

With the release of the Japanese armed forces to the approaches to Malaya, Singapore, the Dutch India and the Philippines, the Roosevelt government of 25 in July of 1941 imposed an embargo on oil exports to Japan and froze all Japanese assets in the United States. So did the UK and the Netherlands. For its part, the Japanese government did the same with the assets of these countries. Here, in fact, talked ...

1 August 1941. The American ban on the export to Japan of all important strategic materials came into force. Measures of a military nature were also taken: the Filipino army transferred to the subordination of the American command, and a group of American military advisers went to China.

Assessing this as an act of aggression that could lead the country to collapse, Japan 8 December 1941 of the year attacked the British colony of Hong Kong, the Philippines, Thailand and Malaya. At the same time (formally, December 7, due to the difference in time zones), aircraft from the Japanese aircraft carrier compound attacked the American fleet in Pearl Harbor.

The British, Indian, Dutch and Australian armed forces were unable to resist the Japanese forces. 10 December 1941 in the South China Sea was sunk by the English battleship Prince of Wales and the cruiser Ripals, which tried to prevent the Japanese from attacking Singapore from the land. 21 December, the Thai government made an alliance with the Japanese Empire. December 25 was taken by Hong Kong, around the same time American bases on the islands of Guam and Wake fell.

In January, 1942, Japan invaded Burma, the Dutch East Indies, New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. The cities of Manila, Kuala Lumpur and Rabaul were captured. February 15 1942 Singapore fell (the Japanese attacked the impregnable fortress from the sea from the land), 130 000 people were captured. At the same time, the number of Japanese troops attacking Singapore was only about 35 thousand. Also in February, Bali and Timor fell.

In a battle in the Java Sea (February 27 and March 1 1942), the Allied naval forces suffered a crushing defeat from a Japanese escort connection: Allied 5 cruisers and allied destroyers were sunk. 5 March Allied troops surrendered on the island of Java.

British troops were driven out of the city of Rangoon on the Indo-Burmese border, which allowed the Japanese to cut lines of communication between the allies and the army of Chiang Kai-shek. US troops in the Philippines resisted until 8 in May 1942, when the remaining 60,000 Filipino and 10,000 American soldiers surrendered.

Japanese aircraft almost destroyed the Allied air forces in Southeast Asia and began to raid northern Australia. The Japanese aircraft carrier compound raided the Indian Ocean, sinking the English aircraft carrier Hermes, the 2 cruiser and the 2 destroyer.

Dear, if this is not a blitzkrieg, then I apologize. The territorial acquisitions of Japan are not something that are not comparable with the German ones, but far exceeded them. Here you can draw some kind of parallel, because what the Japanese captured in fact for 1941-42 years, they had to be taken before 1945.

So what we have. We do not even have an analogue of Germany, but an aggressor, significantly surpassing it, in aspirations, in capabilities. And who carried out the policy of seizing the territories without taking any particular heels. Examples? Excuse me

13 December 1937 rushed into Nanking, the Japanese massacred the civilian population. For about six weeks, the soldiers burned and plundered the city, destroyed its inhabitants in the most brutal ways, raped women. The number of injured civilians is estimated by the Chinese side in 300 000 dead and more than 20 000 raped women (from seven-year-old girls to old women). According to the post-war tribunals, the number of those killed was more than two hundred thousand. One of the reasons for the difference in numbers is that some researchers include in the number of victims of the Nanking massacre only those killed within the city, while others also take into account the dead in the vicinity of Nanking.

15 February 1942. The Japanese occupied the British colony of Singapore, the occupying authorities decided to identify and eliminate the “anti-Japanese elements” of the Chinese community. This definition covered the Chinese participants in the defense of the Malay Peninsula and Singapore, former employees of the British administration, and even ordinary citizens who made donations to the aid fund for China in their time. The shooting lists also included people whose fault was only that they were born in China. This operation received the name “Suk Ching” in Chinese literature (roughly translated from Chinese as “liquidation, cleansing”). All Chinese men from eighteen to fifty years old who lived in Singapore passed through special filtration points. Those who, according to the Japanese, could pose a threat, were taken by truck outside the settlements and shot with machine guns.

Soon, the operation “Operation Suk Ching” was extended to the territory of the Malay Peninsula. There, due to the lack of human resources, the Japanese authorities decided not to conduct inquiries and simply destroy the entire Chinese population. Fortunately, at the very beginning of March the operation on the peninsula was suspended, since the Japanese had to deploy troops to other sectors of the front.

The death toll is unknown. According to the Singapore and British authorities, it is a question of 100 000 who were shot, although it is possible that the number in 50 000, which was heard during the post-war tribunals, is more realistic.

10 February 1945, Manila. The soldiers who broke into the building of the Red Cross Hospital staged a massacre there, not sparing doctors, nurses, the sick, and even children. The same fate befell the Spanish consulate: about fifty people were burned alive in the building of a diplomatic mission and pinned down with bayonets in the garden. Massacre and destruction occurred in the vicinity of Manila, for example, the Japanese completely destroyed the five thousandth population of the town of Kalamba, and the city was burned. Monasteries and nuns, schoolchildren and teachers were massacred in monasteries and Catholic schools.

According to the most careful estimates, the number of civilians killed during the massacre in Manila is more than 100 000 people.

Bataan death march in April 1942 year on about. Luzon seems to be a kindergarten. About 1 thousands of American soldiers and 18-19 thousands of Filipinos died there.

731 Squad — data destroyed, numbers range from 3 to 10 to thousands of people.

The 100 squad and the 516 squad also thoroughly destroyed all documentation and reports, but appreciating the “random” outbreaks of the plague, anthrax and other “charms” outbreaks, the Chinese government announced the number of 100 000 people.
The figure is controversial, not proven, because it was not before in a country with dual leadership, and even during the war. And after the war, China’s opinion was not particularly considered. But apparently in the occupied territories, the Japanese, with their paddocks in terms of racial superiority, did not treat the Chinese everywhere with soy sweets.

Summing up. To speak of the "unpreparedness" of the Japanese army for war is, to put it mildly, silly. Well, the army of a country that really did not live in peace could not be unprepared for war. And in fact, without a break, she fought over new territories. In fact, in great success. Capturing Korea, a quarter of China and almost the entire Pacific region. And we had to knock out from there the national team of the United States, Great Britain, Australia, New Zealand, and even attract the Russians, and shy away with atomic bombs.
With regards to the mentioned Kwantung Army, it is even simpler here. You can talk a lot about her weak fighting spirit (this is after how she made all the “acquisitions” on the continent!), About obsolete tanks, bad planes, only Chinese to drive, in short, you can hang snot for a long time. But the numbers are: 1 million 320 thousand people, 1150 tanks, 1900 aircraft, 6500 guns, and even the ships were.

There is much to say that for the organization of new divisions and brigades, the Japanese could only use untrained younger draftees and partially eligible older reservists. Yes, in the summer of 1945, the 250 of thousands were called in, which were sent to reinforce the existing grouping. But the rest, forgive me, were rather warded ... They say that in the Japanese divisions and brigades newly created in Manchuria, in addition to the small number of combat personnel, there was often no artillery. But this is the problem of the Indians, who do not care about the sheriff. We also lacked a lot of things in 1941.

And the fact that our fighters were better and the equipment was better - so forgive what they wanted?

In fact, the Japanese should be grateful to us for this pogrom. For if the USSR had not violated the non-aggression pact and had not dispersed the Kwantung Army to pieces, there could have been another option. For example, the transfer of parts of this army in Japan. States did not rush to fight for these islands, because they thought that there they would be met to the fullest. And, quite naturally, they would have thrown another couple of bombs. Say no? Yes Easy! So let them say thanks.

The fact that Japan is the eternal aggressor, it seems to me, is not particularly questionable. Because even nowadays they continue to push for territory, but already, thank God, purely legally. This is me about the Kuril Islands, about the territorial dispute with the People’s Republic of China and the Republic of China over the ownership of the Senkaku Islands, about the dispute with the Republic of Korea over the ownership of the Liancourt Islands ...

One wants to live ... And to live well is even stronger.

That is the word I am talking about the poor and unprepared for war Japanese. So they fenced in full, quite rightly (well, atomic bombs in my humble opinion it was a bust, as well as phosphoric carpet bombing) and deservedly. So do not detract from the dignity of those who brought them back for permanent residence on the islands. The army was excellent, the fleet is definitely good, the planes too. And they knew how to fight, and only they did it, we will face it.
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35 comments
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  1. +18
    26 November 2012 07: 08
    Many thanks to the author. Very interesting.
    The second half of the 19th century. A very interesting time, from there Russian revolutions grow, German and Japanese militarism.
    1. Kaa
      +10
      26 November 2012 10: 28
      Quote: xorgi
      A very interesting time, from there Russian revolutions grow, German and Japanese militarism.

      The answer is obvious:
      "The Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905 arose as a result of the collision of the predatory aspirations of tsarist Russia and militaristic Japan. The imperialists of the United States and Britain played a large role in unleashing it. They pursued a dual policy towards Japan and Russia, trying in every possible way to weaken their competitors. in the Far East in order to manage Southeast Asia themselves.In the conflict between Russia and Japan, the German imperialists were also interested, having embarked on a broad program of expansion in various regions of the globe. http://abakus.narod.ru/russo-japanese/rost.htm
      In the name of the interests of the English monopolies, England, together with other imperialist powers, unleashed the First World War. British statesmen and bourgeois historiography created a very widespread legend that the British government did everything possible to prevent the outbreak of the First World War, and England entered the war "forcibly" in order to defend "The sanctity of treaties", "international law", "justice", "freedom of small states" and the like are highly moral principles. However, this legend is only a skilful disguise of the true role of England in unleashing the world imperialist war and the goals that the British ruling circles pursued in this war. London wanted war. Therefore, they behaved in such a way that in Berlin and Vienna they hoped for neutrality of England, while in Paris and Petrograd they firmly counted on its intervention. http://www.ckofr.com/istoriya/178-truhanovskij-vneshnyaya-politika-anglii
      The United States and England showed cynical indifference to the fate of China. Moreover, they provided Japan with economic assistance and direct military support. The USA was the main supplier of scarce materials and strategic raw materials for Japanese industry. Immediately after the invasion of Japanese troops in the northeastern provinces of China, the flow of military-strategic materials increased many times over. Gasoline imports were completely controlled by US companies. Representatives of the US Navy believed that it was not only permissible, but also desirable, to sell military equipment to Japan. England also supplied her with weapons and scarce materials. Encouraged by her successes, Japan officially announced the withdrawal from the League of Nations on March 27, 1933. But Japan’s attitude toward the League of Nations did not change the policies of the United States and England. " http://www.protown.ru/information/hide/4877.html
      All the fullness of historical responsibility in the outbreak of World War II lies with Germany, France and Great Britain. Indirectly the fault lies with Poland that it refused to participate in the anti-German coalition together with the USSR, and completely relied on the guarantees of France and Great Britain. If they began military operations against Hitler in accordance with the contractual terms immediately upon the attack on Poland, then Hitler's days would be numbered. Under the attacks of Poland from the east and the combined forces of France and Great Britain, Germany capitulated a few days later. But instead, France and England had a "strange war." These are the true culprits of World War II. . http://maxpark.com/community/2039/content/870205
    2. beech
      +5
      26 November 2012 12: 46
      the article is written in a good spirit and therefore the author catch +
    3. +2
      26 November 2012 19: 44
      That same Banshee, let me say.
  2. +22
    26 November 2012 07: 15
    Alexander, I fully support your article.
    The Japanese during the occupation of China committed so many atrocities that the SS could envy them. In China, the people were destroyed by hundreds of thousands, the inhuman savagery of the captured and interned people was an absolutely ordinary act for the Japanese, therefore they received it deservedly.
    For the fact that our grandfathers grind the Kwantung army group according to all the canons of military art, low bow and eternal glory. And the fact that now every liberalizing abomination is trying to belittle the merits of our soldiers is not surprising, now some clever men and the battle of Stalingrad with running in the sand at El Alamein are compared, but they are ready to yell to the hoarseness, and how the Libyan sands decided the outcome of WWII.
    1. +3
      26 November 2012 08: 53
      Quote: Sakhalininets

      Alexander, I fully support your article.

      Sergey, the article was written by Roman (Banshee) hi
      1. +3
        26 November 2012 11: 08
        Quote: Alexander Romanov
        Sergey, the article was written by Roman (Banshee)


        oops .... to blame ... thanks for correcting hi
    2. Kaa
      +4
      26 November 2012 14: 55
      Quote: Sakhalininets
      The Japanese during the occupation of China committed so many atrocities that the SS could envy them.

      It is time to institute a Holocaust case against the Chinese and Koreans and demand compensation from Japan, not an apology:
      "From 1910 to 1945, the Japanese authorities forcibly removed more than 8,4 million Koreans, about a million of whom died... In 1965, Japan normalized relations with South Korea, but diplomatic relations between Pyongyang and Tokyo have not yet been established. "Http://spb.kp.ru/online/news/1013201/
      “Given the losses of communist guerrillas and the number of missing persons, the total irrecoverable losses of the Chinese armed forces must have exceeded 2 million people.1 * Urlanis, in particular, estimates the death toll of Chinese soldiers at 2,5 million, but perhaps this figure As for the data on the losses of the civilian Chinese population, they are purely conditional. Thus, V. Erlikhman estimates them at 7,2 million people, and adds another 2,5 thousand deaths in captivity to the 300 million dead servicemen. it is obvious that the total loss figure reached 10 million, although there is no reliable data either on the total number of Chinese prisoners, or on how many of them died. "http://magazines.russ.ru/continent/2006/128/so10.html
      It’s unfair, you understand, that Germany was obliged to pay compensation for such a thing, but why is the Japanese better?
      1. +1
        26 November 2012 16: 32
        In the seizure of Southeast Asia, their slogan helped the Japanese a lot - "Asia for the Asians."
        They, as it were, drove out the "pale-faced". They freed everyone from the tyranny of the "white masters".
        At first it worked.
        Then it ceased.
        ...
        Good article.
        Thanks, Roman.
  3. predator.3
    +21
    26 November 2012 07: 50
    throughout the war, despite the difficult situation on the fronts, we had to hold three armies in the Far East. During the Great Patriotic War, the Japanese did not stop organizing anti-Russian provocations in order to keep as many of our troops in the Far East as possible. In 1941, Japanese troops violated our land border 136 times, in 1942 - 229 times, in 1943 - 433 times. The Japanese fleet blocked the Soviet Far Eastern ports. From the summer of 1941 to the end of 1944, 178 of our ships were detained, and three of our ships were torpedoed by Japanese submarines.
    Only in August - September 1945 did we get our hands to deal with Japan.

    So is it worth it and feel sorry for the Japanese and give them a helping hand? Or do you think that the Japanese are moved and cease to demand the return of the islands we have legally mined?


    Do not wait: with their mentality, what we read with pity, they consider it stupid - an unfinished enemy, having recovered, will definitely want to take revenge, and those who show pity and compassion, they cease to respect.

    E. Velizarov
  4. +5
    26 November 2012 08: 01
    Excellent article! Thank you Roman for the complete alignment for some overly sympathetic "poor" yaponets. I think with this article you have not weakly applied on their overly liberal-tolerant strings! wink
    We will wait for the return squeal and stink!
    Although I doubt that they can oppose! 5+
  5. Fox
    0
    26 November 2012 08: 12
    thanks, but the amers didn’t have uranium bombs ... but they could chop off the floor of China easily.
  6. +5
    26 November 2012 08: 41
    The article is magnificent, and there is nothing for the Japs to feel sorry for and the nurses to dissolve, because they did little bombing, while they should be wiped off the face of the earth. The horrors that the Japs did even surpassed the horrors of their allies in Berlin. This is what kind of non-humans to be.
    1. +7
      26 November 2012 09: 57
      Thank you, but here I’ll clarify a little about the atrocities. Just so be fair.

      10 March 1945 years 334 American bomber dropped about 3 000 tons of phosphorus bombs. There was a fire storm, as in Dresden. According to Japanese data, about 100 000 people died. So another question is open with the Americans ...
      1. bart74
        0
        27 November 2012 01: 35
        Thank you for the article. Clear statement of facts in plain language. Well, the Japanese were where they should. In general, a wonderful nation of fanatical workaholics. Such post-Chinese (after the 2nd World War, they also started as Chinese, after all, they shoved and copied everything). Well, in general, in this matter, I think you are more knowledgeable than me. Thanks again for the article!
  7. +5
    26 November 2012 08: 52
    balalaika them and not the Kuril Islands
    1. Galina
      +2
      26 November 2012 14: 28
      awg75
      "Balalaika to them and not the Kuriles"
      You can’t even balalaika. And then also perk ...
  8. +6
    26 November 2012 10: 21
    The Japanese are still itching to seize foreign territories of Russia, Korea, China, demanding the return of "their lands".
    The position of the Russian leadership's flirting with them about the so-called "northern territories" is unclear.
    It is necessary to give a clear answer "there will be no return, under any conditions", following the example of the Kaliningrad region (the former Prussia and Konigsberg), otherwise they start a badag about some conditions for the joint use of the islands, they promise something in the constantly ongoing negotiations on islands ...
    Hope is evident in the weakness of Russia, for example, the northern sea territories in the region of Chukotka, which have already ceded to the United States, Norway in its coastal sea zones, land territories to China in the Khabarovsk region and a number of islands on the Amur, including Damansky Island. I’m not even talking about the territories of Russia given over to the former "fraternal" union republics, and now to sovereign foreign states.
    The leadership of Russia is forgotten - just start giving away the Russian lands, they will take everything away. Russia will remain within the Moscow Principality.
  9. +6
    26 November 2012 10: 26
    Thank you Roman for the article. I learned a lot about our neighbors.
  10. +3
    26 November 2012 11: 02
    Many thanks to Roman for the brief (and at the same time sufficient) taxonomy of the military history of Japan of that time. And at the household level, I have the memories of a father-in-law about serving on Sakhalin from 46 to 52, side by side with those who fought with the Japanese after Berlin.
  11. +3
    26 November 2012 11: 13
    Written logically and accessible a huge plus to the author!
  12. +3
    26 November 2012 11: 13
    The Japanese, massacred the people no less than the Nazis, maybe more, so the Japanese, I suspect.
  13. +1
    26 November 2012 11: 15
    Hmm .... Japanese ..... It’s under the auspices of Yapov (God forgive me) The RPF (Russian Fascist Party) arose, on the basis of the EMRO ... It was their troops that ate people ... And the captain far surpassed the Gestapo ...
  14. IlyaKuv
    +2
    26 November 2012 11: 19
    Sly faces of Asian appearance, "were completely unprepared for war," and even forgotten samurai honor, they fought with old people and children.
  15. +4
    26 November 2012 11: 26
    I join all the thanks. In general, our neighbor is such that you need to talk with him only toughly, and only from a position of strength, however, as with everyone. Give free rein, they will take all of Siberia.
  16. +6
    26 November 2012 11: 57
    A little about Witte. The author exaggerated his role a little. The cunning Masson, he suggested that Nicholas II give the Japanese the south of Sakhalin, although the Japanese delegation did not have this intention at first. Friends The Americans and the British whispered, as the Old Men wrote in their studies. The best shots of the Japanese army were already knocked out and Japan was on the verge.
    About the occupation of China in the 30s. Back in 1929, Emperor Hirohito visited the Federal Reserve in the United States and signed an agreement to occupy part of China, with the aim of removing huge reserves of gold from the imperial treasury of China (almost 70% of the world's gold reserves). In the Philippines alone, more than 9000 tons have been housed in secret underground storage facilities. Under the guise of the amers themselves, they took out 9 destroyers of the imperial gold of China to the United States in 1938, for "storage" in the Fed's vaults for 60 years.
    To summarize. The Occupation of Asia in Japan is a joint operation of Hirohito and the Fed.
    1. Kaa
      +3
      26 November 2012 18: 39
      Quote: Ross
      The cunning Masson, he suggested that Nicholas II give the Japanese the south of Sakhalin, although the Japanese delegation did not have this intention at first. Friends Americans and English whispered

      For which he was awarded the count's dignity, about which the banter immediately went: "Count Polusakhalinsky". A muddy personality finally ... "The results of the economic, including monetary, policy of S.Yu. Witte were ambiguous. He managed to strengthen the country's monetary and credit-financial system by introducing gold monometallism and strengthening the Russian ruble, which was high until the First World War. But its stabilization was achieved through a sharp increase in taxes, especially indirect ones, which hit the pockets of the working people, and the introduction of a wine monopoly.The country's foreign debt grew by half. The policy of protectionism, creating greenhouse conditions for domestic industry, made its goods uncompetitive and negatively affected the mentality of the Russian bourgeoisie, forming its apoliticality, dependent psychology, hope for benefits and state tutelage. In addition, the reform of the Russian village, which was in a difficult situation, was not carried out. Witte's economic policy was contradictory, it preserved, even strengthened and used the existing feudal experience weaves. State intervention in the economy imposed by Witte hampered the initiative of private entrepreneurs. Outdated legislative norms could not be radically changed, administrative restrictions enmeshed the freedom of private enterprise. By the beginning of the XX century. economic modernization has exhausted its resources, since it was not supplemented by political modernization. The abuse of 'unpopular' measures exacerbated social contradictions and discontent with the existing regime. "Www.bonistikaweb.ru
      So in whose interests he acted, another question ...
  17. +2
    26 November 2012 12: 20
    Behind the samurai-eye and the eye of the Chinese, too.
  18. +7
    26 November 2012 13: 03
    And yet I allow myself to express a very, very unpopular thought on the site. Still, someone needs to do this periodically ...

    The fact that Japan has been the aggressor practically throughout its history (the only exception is that only during the reign of the Tokugawa dynasty shoguns, when the country was closed and "regime") is understandable for the hedgehog. It is absolutely no better than other countries. However, and no worse - take at least the same Germany, for example ... The Japanese wanted to get their hands on as much as possible (based on their geographical location), and at the same time their interests alternately clashed with the interests of other powers (China in this case is not in account, until the middle of the last century it was actually a "zone of interests" without any independent foreign policy), which in turn claimed the same piece as the Land of the Rising Sun. In essence, this was the basis of the reasons for the Russian-Japanese war. A war, which both powers equally desired ... By and large, this is a separate topic, but reading the notes of our famous battle-fighter Vereshchagin (and he was in Japan almost on the eve of the war), one can be convinced that the Japanese were preparing for war thoroughly. What can not be said about the Russian side - slovenliness, hatred and indifference (for which later they paid in blood and shame). So the ending of the war is quite and more than natural ...
    We touch on the second world ... The Japanese (good or bad), arranging provocations on the border, however, did not start an open war with the Union. Although they could do it. Including the most difficult and difficult period for us for 1941-1943. And no one would stop them from doing this. Maybe they would not have reached the Urals, but they would chop off the Far East freely ... However, for some reason, they did not violate the treaty and did not start military operations ...
    Regarding the Soviet transport ships sunk in the Far Eastern waters (alas, I remember only one "Angara", I can't remember the names of the others, I won't blame you) ... In Soviet times, their death was entirely assigned to the Japanese side. Recently, however, infa began to appear that the Americans had a hand in this. Allegedly, it was their submarines that deliberately and purposefully sank Soviet transports in order to drag the Union into the war with Japan as soon as possible. Whether it is true or not, I cannot judge and argue. But if this is the work of fellow Americans, then I just want to say - "With such allies and enemies are not necessary!"
    As for the present ... Yes, at the moment we do not have a peace treaty with Japan, and they are trying with all their might to regain the islands of the Kuril ridge ... However, it is worth taking a closer look at the "dreams" of comrades from the "great" China and you can easily see that they want to grab a bit from Russia, in comparison with which the so-called. "Northern Territories" look pale and painful. And China is our partner, five minutes to an ally and almost a druh ... We help him with weapons. With technology, energy and raw materials ... The islands were given away on the river. The demarcated border is called ...
    And the fact that the Chinese and the Japanese grappled over the islands, I only "for!" The longer they rinse each other's cerebellum, the less time they will look askance at us ...

    I was not going to justify Japan in my comment. I do not need it. I am not their lawyer. I just want to say (or rather just repeat the elementary truth) about the fact that the enemy (and Japan in fact is a potential adversary, albeit not a priority) should always be treated with respect and objectivity. It needs to be studied. Him, if you want to love it is necessary. Because there is no one in this white world more faithful than your sworn enemy. He will never betray ...
    But allies and partners can easily. Yes, I'm talking about "great" China ...
    1. -1
      26 November 2012 17: 17
      After the events at Pearl Harbor, the Japanese could no longer attack the USSR; no state would dare to fight on 2 fronts.
      1. 0
        26 November 2012 19: 33
        Respected vladimirZ, you somehow forget about the Kwantung army. A rather big army must be said in terms of strength. And very good in equipment, trained, well-trained and with high morale ...
        Yes, it was demolished in August 1945 in just two weeks. They demolished the units transferred from Europe, which had the richest combat experience, training, first-class military leaders and commanders, and ground the strongest of the armies of that time into trash. And also those who had such a mad anger at everything that was happening (they say, we finished the Krauts, and then some "yellow-faced" ones prevent us from returning home), which, in general, is also oh, how many! ... But this is August 1945, not the middle of the summer of 1942. Feel the difference however ...

        With regards to the second front for Japan. In fact, she waged war on many small fronts. This is almost the entire geography of the Pacific Ocean with numerous islands, this is the mainland of Eurasia and so on ...
        Moreover, such a Soviet front would not be the most remote from Japan itself. After all, there were more than remote examples ...
        1. Brother Sarych
          +2
          26 November 2012 22: 27
          Yes, the Japanese had many fronts, and some were not very small ...
  19. 0
    26 November 2012 13: 52
    Novel, the article is your brilliance, and could serve as a compulsory reading for our diplomats before each trip to Japan, so that they would understand, behind the skillful stone gardens and the murmur of fountains, pacifying tea ceremonies and outward complacency, they are tough, prudent and merciless adversary.
  20. wax
    -2
    26 November 2012 14: 37
    Stolypin, who is glorified, even in Witte's soles, whose merits are hushed up, is not good,
  21. Sirius
    +1
    26 November 2012 21: 11
    Article +. But, let's be legally accurate. The USSR in April 1945 denounced the non-aggression pact, which ended in April 1946. The denunciation of the treaty is a civilized, honest, open diplomatic procedure.
  22. +3
    26 November 2012 22: 22
    When the Germans asked the Japanese: Why do not open the front in Siberia?
    the Japanese replied: On Lake Hassan, we received primary education. At Khalkhin - Gole secondary, But we do not need a higher education.
  23. +1
    26 November 2012 22: 38
    The article is a complete "banzai"! Otherwise, how could we not repeat the experience of centuries. To underestimate narrow-eyed is more expensive.
  24. +2
    27 November 2012 00: 12
    Japan is actually occupied by the United States. If anything, then talk to the owner, not the six
  25. +1
    27 November 2012 01: 07
    The article is good, interesting.
    "would have thrown a couple more bombs. Say no? Yes, easy."
    They did not have these bombs. It’s easy to put on ordinary ones.
    By the way, nuclear is nothing against the bombing of Tokyo and, in general, the masses of cities under the root of simple bombs. Marked by both sides.
  26. Marek Rozny
    0
    27 November 2012 21: 07
    Best military history article I've read recently. I immediately remembered the "Tsushima" by Novikov-Priboy, read in pioneering childhood, and the awards of both grandfathers for the victory over Japan, and my companion-drinking companion Ebisawa Ttsuyoshi, with whom we often talk in the kitchen about causes-consequences, events of Russian-Japanese, Soviet Japanese relations. And each time we end up remembering our ancestors, who destroyed the Chinese every time :)))) At an old job in one of the ministries, we had Japanese experts who helped us a lot at work, and with them all the drinking (and they drink every time until "the last breath") ended with the Kazakh-Japanese outburst of militarism towards the Chinese. This, apparently, is somewhere in our genes :) It’s not good, kanesh, to admit it, but as many as my ancestors were known on the historical scene from the time of the Huns, they fought with the Chinese so much. And the praise of heaven was won by the Han people in the battles of the steppe, but Chinese diplomacy is stronger than any arrows, bombs and lasers. Here we (and the Russians) have a weak spot in front of them.
    The Japanese nation is really militaristic, they remind me of the Kazakhs who are proud and boast of the military history of their clans.
    I remember the words that one of the Japanese experts (I don’t remember the name) said to us once at the table (I write approximately, naturally): “The Japanese have always been considered a nation of gouges, but now they have achieved a lot in the world economy, because they directed their warlike energy into this If the Kazakhs want to raise the country and extend their influence to their neighbors, then they must transform their morale of nomads into the spirit of entrepreneurs. The economy is the same war. You need a Strategy, you need to develop tactical operations. You need to create an army of businessmen who do not experience fear of a powerful enemy in the form of established Western economic organizations .... "and so on.

    Such conversations strongly influenced us, young specialists, why we turned into maniacs, spending the night at work, but exploring how to become a strong state, how to turn our shortcomings into our weapons. The end of the 90s - the beginning of 2000 - the period when the Kazakhs began to transform from gouging into a very pragmatic nation.
    I worked with a bunch of foreign experts, but the Japanese influenced me the most, because they were able to touch the favorite Kazakh string - militarism (Kazakhs can still quarrel about the topic: “our family was the most belligerent among Kazakhs! No - my family is the most belligerent , and your family was hiding in the bushes! "). In the first half of the 2000s, Nazarbayev actually gave a command to storm foreign countries - Kazakh business went to conquer its neighbors: it seems so far it is not very striking, but I am slowly occupying new countries. Now in Russia there are Kazakh investments more than Russian investments in Kazakhstan, then in Georgia we become an investor "namba one", then the Kyrgyz parliament starts to make noise about the Kazakh economic occupation, then in Romania we buy oil and gas infrastructure, then in Ukraine and Pribalik we start buying oil refineries , then we are building terminals on the ocean coasts, and from this year Kazakhstan also began to slowly export finished goods to China (in addition to the usual raw materials). I have two classmates who worked as "supervisors" in Kazakh firms abroad - in Poland and Latvia, one childhood friend now in Nepal heads a Kazakh firm that controls most of the local telecommunications, I myself traveled to Russia (and being a civil servant) to translate promising Russian companies under Kazakh jurisdiction.
    1. Marek Rozny
      0
      27 November 2012 21: 08
      There is a lot to learn from the Japanese. The application of their experience is 100% impossible in our country (the difference in mentality is significant, the world around is different, different economic prerequisites), but their example is encouraging. Russia, as a country with strong militaristic traditions, should take a closer look at how the Japanese, starting from the Meizo era, began to transform from age-old gouges and fighters into a powerful army, and then into the most powerful economy in the world. We begin to read about the war, end with thoughts about the economy (consider, "bloodless war of states")
      Therefore, I believe that such an article is useful and prompting further reflection, and subsequently action. More to such articles!

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