Soviet propaganda during the Great Patriotic War: Sovinformburo and Yuri Levitan

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Soviet propaganda during the Great Patriotic War: Sovinformburo and Yuri Levitan
Yuri Levitan


"When war is declared, the first victim is the truth"

- said the British politician and writer Lord Arthur Ponsonby. And it is difficult to disagree with this, because the information confrontation always begins much earlier than the official declaration of war and the first cannon shots.



During the Great Patriotic War, propaganda reached a new level; in the interests of achieving victory over the enemy, it not only distorted, embellished or hushed up the facts, but also created its own reality. Enemy propaganda was led by the all-powerful Joseph Goebbels, whose name has become a household name for an unprincipled, deceitful and at the same time deeply knowledgeable propagandist.

However, Soviet propaganda eventually managed to outplay Nazi propaganda. How exactly she did it, we will tell.

Universal Principles of Military Propaganda


In 1928, the aforementioned Arthur Ponsonby published Lies in Wartime. In it, based on the experience of the First World War, he described the basic principles of military propaganda. However, these principles turned out to be so universal that they were used with minor variations in almost all subsequent wars. And World War II, of course, was no exception.


Arthur Ponsonby

So what are these principles?

first – to convince everyone that we are against war and for world peace. All the blame for the outbreak of war lies entirely with the enemy.

Second - to show in every possible way that the enemy is the embodiment of all evils, and that a criminal with all possible vices leads the enemy country.

The third - all crimes committed during the war to be declared the work of the enemy.

Fourth - minimize your losses during combat operations and exaggerate the losses of the enemy many times over.

Fifth - as far as possible, hush up your own failures, inflate the failures of the enemy to incredible proportions.

Sixth – repeat that many prominent and respected people are on our side, including cultural figures, scientists, writers, etc.

Next - talk about the sanctity of our mission, about the right cause for which we are fighting.

Finally, last thing - Anyone who doubts our propaganda is a traitor.

As you can see, following these simple principles clearly, Soviet propaganda did not even have to invent anything in a number of points. So, for example, no one doubted that the war was started by Germany, that the Nazis were committing terrible crimes in the occupied territories, that a criminal was leading the enemy country, that many other countries supported us, because this was already true.

Thus, despite the fact that propaganda, by definition, is never objective, open lies were not always resorted to. Moreover, no propaganda that claims to be successful can be 100% false. Such propaganda will soon cease to be believed, and it is easy to expose and refute it.

Now consider the Soviet military propaganda in more detail.

Sovinformburo


The Soviet Information Bureau, often abbreviated as Sovinformburo, was founded on June 24, 1941. It was on this department that the main burden of propaganda work during the war fell. It was in charge of compiling reports for radio, newspapers and magazines about the situation at the fronts, the work of the rear, about the partisan movement, and informed the population about many other important events. The department included a military department, a translation department, a propaganda and counter-propaganda department, a department of international affairs, and others.

For most, the Soviet Information Bureau is associated primarily with Yuri Levitan, who, with his inimitable voice, read out front-line reports throughout the war. But in addition to Levitan, practically the entire cultural elite of the country of that time also collaborated with the Sovinformburo, including such writers as Valentin Kataev, Boris Lavrenyov, Leonid Leonov, Alexei Novikov-Priboy, Ilya Ehrenburg, Evgeny Petrov, Boris Polevoy, Sergey Sergeev-Tsensky, Konstantin Simonov, Alexei Tolstoy, Alexander Fadeev, Korney Chukovsky, Konstantin Fedin, Mikhail Sholokhov and many others.

Despite the fact that all reports began with the words “Moscow is speaking,” the broadcasting studio of the Sovinformburo was not in the capital. In 1941-1943, it was located in Sverdlovsk, and from March 1943 until the end of the war - in Kuibyshev.


All military reports were previously submitted to Stalin himself, and he always made changes to them. Vladimir Kruzhkov, an employee of the department, later recalled:

“Reports about the battles on the fronts were submitted to Stalin before release. If things went badly, they returned from him unrecognizable... The leader did not spare the Germans. If, according to our reports, we count all the aircraft lost by the enemy, Tanks, ships, guns and manpower, then neither in Germany, nor in Europe captured by it, there would be no people or equipment left by the middle of the war.

Here we see one of the principles of military propaganda mentioned above - to exaggerate the losses of the enemy and downplay your own. In cases where it was no longer possible to hush up unflattering information, it was reported a few days later. This concerned, first of all, information about the abandonment of cities by the Red Army.

Voice of Levitan


Yuri Levitan came to Moscow from Vladimir as a 17-year-old boy in 1931. At first he tried to enter the cinema school, but unsuccessfully, the teachers only laughed at his Vladimir dialect. Then I accidentally saw an advertisement for the recruitment of announcers on the radio and decided to try my hand. He was hired, but only as a cleaner of the premises. Only a few months later, the leadership entrusted him to read messages on the air.

Levitan at this time worked hard on his pronunciation. For 10 hours a day, he trained to pronounce correctly and put stress in words, worked on the clarity of diction, developed his own style of reading texts on the air. And these trainings were not in vain: already at the beginning of 1934, Stalin heard one of Levitan's messages on the radio, and immediately drew attention to the young announcer. Then Levitan was assigned the first serious task: to read a report on the party congress on the radio.

As you know, the news of the German attack on the USSR took the Soviet leadership by surprise. Molotov notified the country about the beginning of the war only 8 hours after the invasion of enemy troops. Stalin, for reasons that are not completely clear, generally first addressed the people only on July 3, that is, on the 11th day of the war.

On the same day, July 3, the first personal meeting between Levitan and Stalin took place. After that, the announcer throughout the war every day, without holidays and days off, read out reports from the fronts. In total, he read about 2 bulletins and 000 emergency messages.

The timbre of Levitan's voice and manner of speech had a great moral impact on the listeners. Marshal Konstantin Rokossovsky once equated the voice of Levitan with an entire division in importance for the front. Already after the war, the pilot-cosmonaut and twice Hero of the Soviet Union Georgy Beregovoy recalled:

“During the Great Patriotic War, Yuri Levitan’s voice sometimes sounded muffled and mournful, but still firm - he inspired hope that victory would certainly come. And how jubilant was this voice that informed the world about the first salute in honor of our victory at Belgorod and Orel! Levitan seemed to foresee even in those days our final victory over fascist Germany. In general, he was able, like no other speaker, to express both the general sadness of the people and their general joy.

The meaning of Levitan's voice was quickly understood on the other side of the front. It is known that Hitler considered him a personal enemy and even put a reward on his head. The amount of remuneration in different sources varies - from 100 to 300 thousand Reichsmarks. In any case, the amount is more than significant: the elite Mercedes-Benz 770, which Hitler himself drove and which was beyond the reach of ordinary mortals, then cost 30 Reichsmarks.

There is even a version that the Nazis were preparing a special operation to kidnap and transport Levitan to Germany in order to force him to work for the Germans. To prevent this, guards were assigned to the announcer, and his location and even appearance were kept in strict confidence.

Indeed, for many years Soviet citizens knew Levitan only by his voice and had no idea what he looked like.

Already in the post-war years, an interesting incident occurred. Levitan was invited to a meeting of front-line soldiers, a huge hall gathered, everyone was waiting for the famous announcer. When he appeared, there was a stampede at the entrance.

Levitan politely asked people to make way and introduced himself, but no one believed him. In a short and thin young man, no one could imagine the owner of a powerful voice. Then the announcer had to show his ID.

And only when he began to speak into the microphone, did everyone recognize that famous voice that had been informing them about the situation at the front for several years.
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  1. +36
    31 December 2022 04: 09
    Stalin, for reasons that are not completely clear, generally first addressed the people only on July 3, that is, on the 11th day of the war. Probably, those authors are still right who claim that in the first days of the war Stalin had an attack of depression, and he believed that everything was already lost for him personally.

    Talking about propaganda in his article, the author could not resist and began to engage in propaganda himself.
    The myth that Stalin, during the first days of the war, either hid in a closet, or lay on the couch at his dacha, has long been debunked and refuted, but come on.
    Here, for example, is a page from the journal of visitors to Comrade Stalin's office for 22 1941 June Mr.

    As we can see, already 05:45, that is, an hour and forty-five minutes after the German attack, a meeting began in his office, in which, in addition to Stalin, Molotov, Beria, Timoshenko, Mekhlis and Zhukov also took part.
    1. +23
      31 December 2022 04: 24
      "erasing history" is what it's called. Grandfather, in the village, had a "detector," he always listened to him. when he heard Levitan about "Kyiv was bombed," he calmly said to grandmother Shura, get your mother together, you can see the separation. and left. and returned! in 4 years. wounded but alive.
      1. +23
        31 December 2022 04: 38
        Quote: Dead Day
        "erasing history" is what it's called.

        And this is scary.
        To brainwash young people with such "articles" - just spit. What a shame that the time has come when the historical truth must be defended. And where ? Not in Ukraine, in Russia. They are indignant that history is being rewritten in the West, but they themselves cannot bring to life the domestic unfortunate hacks.
        I believe that those who spread such fakes about the history of the Great Patriotic War should bear strict responsibility for their words.
        Before you write, check what you write. Repeated someone else's lie without checking - get a fine for the first time.
    2. +8
      31 December 2022 11: 47
      Quote: Comrade
      The myth that Stalin, during the first days of the war, either hid in a closet, or lay on the couch at his dacha, has long been debunked and refuted, but come on.

      During the time of Khrushch, on his behalf, a lot of things were invented in order to denigrate Stalin and Beria. As Goebbels argued, a lie repeated many times becomes a well-known fact.
      1. Fat
        +4
        31 December 2022 12: 48
        Quote: Nagan
        As Goebbels argued, a lie repeated many times becomes a well-known fact.

        Forgive me, I will be "laconic", a lie cannot become a fact, but "truth" is plastic, because it obeys logic, not experience
        A fact is a reality that cannot be logically disputed or rejected. If I say "fire is hot" I don't care how good your reasoning skills are, if you touch fire your skin will burn (and don't tell me "but people can walk on hot coals!" bull. There is a difference between transferring heat through conduction and training the body to cope with the excruciating pain of said conduction). Now when I say this, I'm not telling the truth, I'm telling a fact. If you say "the fire is not hot" you are not lying, you are wrong. Facts are concrete realities that no amount of reasoning will change. When someone admits a fact, they do just that. Facts are not discovered, facts are not created, facts are simply recognized.
        On the other hand, the truth is almost the opposite. Truths are those things that are not just recognized, but must be discovered or created.. If I say "God exists" and I have a good reason to support this statement, then God does exist, it is a reality. However, if the other person has a strong reason for being negative, and because of that reasoning, they believe that God does not exist, then that too is a reality. If we discussed our ideologies and my arguments seemed more convincing than theirs, they might accept my belief that God exists. If they do this, then the existence of God is just as certain as the non-existence of God they believed a week ago. Truths, unlike facts, are much more fluid and malleable than their empirical counterparts.
        (C)
        Summary even: well-known truth is not a fact. The fact cannot be refuted (only admitted). Often the substitution of concepts gives rise to misunderstanding and wild incidents.
        I agree with everything else.
        Sincerely
        1. -9
          31 December 2022 16: 22
          You throw pearls in front of pigs.
          The text of your comment is too short and in the opinion of the site administration does not carry useful information.
          1. -10
            31 December 2022 16: 48
            In support of my thesis, pigs are minus.
            1. +5
              31 December 2022 17: 07
              You seem to have been upgraded from here not so long ago? Have you come to cosplay a dartanyan from a famous joke again?
              1. Fat
                +5
                31 December 2022 18: 34
                Alex, please don't hit Passier. He speaks directly, like a laser beam. This is only a shortcoming in quiz Britain. If the person specifically, quite specifically means "Values ​​or life", and people suddenly choose values, and even "baragozit", at the very least - they will declare him "undesirable". We Soviet people are slowly learning rhetoric and diplomacy.
                And before that: the series "It's all about him" and the play "Prize" were direct examples of the "professional" (I used to call it that) genre.
                Why not drama! The brigade refuses the bonus, due to an error in the ENIR - the director is in a stupor, the party organizer writes with kefir, not knowing whom to defend, the head commander, who lowered prices from above, or the brigade who went nuts from bonuses ... and deliberately reported this to the party committee, because all Komsomol members and party members, and then there was the "grabber" - a traitor - who had already visited the cashier without consulting with a cell of activists ....
                Fu ... long, no direct "action", no "alien" propaganda ... But what a conflict. I doubt even that "insincere"
                You did not really know about this "madhouse"? It’s better to play “Dartagnan!” as an amateur. Or “cosplay” the master of evil Darth Vader, from the initial Star Wars trilogy in a local production ... We’ll find something Dantooine ... Kind-for-dza laughing
                Happy New Year, Alex to you personally and to all your family.
                1. +3
                  31 December 2022 19: 05
                  It’s better to play “Dartagnan!” in amateur performance.
                  Better, yes. But I meant dartnyan from anecdot where sexual minorities also appeared laughing And in general, I am a straightforward representative of the working class, although I graduated from the institute wassat
                  Happy New Year, Alex to you personally and to all your family.
                  Thanks to. And congratulations to you too. Happy New Year to all of you and all of you.
          2. Fat
            +1
            31 December 2022 17: 10
            hi What is there to do? Someone, including me, needs time to figure it out ...
            I guess smile Here is for those who are able not to rush into emotions, but have their own consideration and the sword "like beads"
            It's like: "Don't rush to spend a charge, first find an" adversary ", then hit ... Smart people are everywhere around, but not all of them are trained or have experience ..." and many simply still think that the words "weight Dont Have"
      2. +3
        31 December 2022 20: 46
        It is clear that there are no unambiguously "good" politicians. But in the history of the USSR, I consider Khrushchev and Gorbachev rare pests, and lovers of talking, showing off.
        1. +1
          1 January 2023 07: 11
          Quote: Tarasios
          It is clear that there are no unambiguously "good" politicians. But in the history of the USSR, I consider Khrushchev and Gorbachev rare pests, and lovers of talking, showing off.
          tagged okay... finished. and Khrushchev, so the "Caribbeans" decided. drove an ear of corn to some, some where. one defended, the other pooped ... different things.
    3. 0
      31 December 2022 12: 12
      That's interesting. People's Commissar of the Fleet Kuznetsov only under N11 and the conversation was only 20 minutes long. It is unrealistic to set a task for ALL fleets in 20 minutes. Or did they have a conversation, they say we were attacked (and Kuznetsov already knew this, according to reports on setting minefields - as early as June 21)?
  2. +1
    31 December 2022 04: 55
    Quote: Comrade
    Before you write, check what you write. Repeated someone else's lie without checking - get a fine for the first time.

    And how can you check if the archives of the Second World War are often classified ... the enemy used this.
    Where the truth is hidden in a blind box, a lie crawls out.
    1. +19
      31 December 2022 05: 10
      Quote: Lech from Android.
      And how can you check if the archives of the Second World War are often classified

      We are talking about the simplest things, like Stalin hiding in the dacha (I heard about this back in the 80s from "enemy voices)" or supposedly space postscripts in the reports of the Sovinformburo.
      Twenty-five years ago, I spent half a day in the scientific library, counting the losses of equipment and manpower from the Germans. There, in the funds, there was a complete collection of reports from the Sovinformburo.
      And then he began to compare the resulting final figures with the losses of the Germans and their allies.
      So, "an employee of the department Vladimir Kruzhkov", who claimed that
      If, according to our reports, we count all the enemy's lost .... manpower, then neither in Germany nor in Europe captured by it would there be people left ... by the middle of the war

      lies to his readers in a way that, probably, Goebbels did not lie. If I had not personally counted and compared everything, I would not have said so categorically.
      Yes, the numbers of casualties are overstated, but they are not as dramatic as Kruzhkov is trying to portray.
      1. +7
        31 December 2022 05: 24
        Quote: Comrade
        We are talking about the simplest things, like Stalin hiding in the dacha (

        Yes, I agree, they lied here without any hesitation ... our enemy is not shy in choosing the methods of lying ... and the only way to deal with this is the testimony of eyewitnesses of the events and documents from the archives.
        The last participants of the Second World War are leaving for eternity and the last thread of truth is the archives of the Ministry of Defense ... and it is not worthwhile to prohibit and classify access to them.
      2. 0
        31 December 2022 09: 30
        Quote: Comrade
        Yes, the numbers of casualties are overstated, but they are not as dramatic as Kruzhkov is trying to portray.

        Already wrote that by days from Pravda he wrote out losses in tanks and aircraft. Ours and German. Then I compared it with the declassified ones. And he gasped - we only in 1944 destroyed more tanks from the Germans than we lost ourselves. Here are the notes for you ... About this in my book it is written "Tanks of Total Wars" ... Yes, and there was material on the notes in the "orange notebook" ...
        1. mz
          +9
          31 December 2022 15: 14
          I don’t consider the truth of the data in Pravda, but there are objective difficulties with counting destroyed / knocked out tanks due to the good work of the Wehrmacht repair units, especially before 43. The tank could have been knocked out, but then restored, knocked out again. And in the data of the Soviet side, the same tank could pass as knocked out / destroyed several times.
        2. +4
          31 December 2022 18: 56
          Quote: kalibr
          every day from Pravda he wrote out losses in tanks and aircraft. Ours and German. Then I compared it with the declassified ones. And he gasped - we only in 1944 destroyed more tanks from the Germans than we lost ourselves. Here are your subscriptions

          I would not judge and draw conclusions so strictly, dear colleague.
          The reason for this is the lack of accurate data on first knocked out and then repaired German tanks and self-propelled guns.
          You can, of course, compare the irretrievable losses of armored vehicles, but such an approach would be incorrect.
          They knocked out a tank and reported it. And then the Germans evacuated the tank, repaired it and sent it back to battle. How many such cases, and how to take them into account?
          We will never know this information in its entirety.
          1. Fat
            +2
            31 December 2022 19: 34
            Quote: Comrade
            We will never know this information in its entirety.

            hi Well ... for the fact that the Bundesarchive will become fully available for system work.
            drinks Happy New Year fellow
            1. 0
              2 January 2023 00: 23
              Quote: Thick
              Well ... for the Bundesarchive to become fully available for system work

              Good offer !
              However, there, most likely, there is information about the number of tanks first knocked out, and then repaired and sent back to the front, only for those tanks that were repaired in the rear, at factories. But the Germans had a network of field repair and restoration teams, in which prisoners of war were also involved.
              These teams, especially when the Germans started having problems on the fronts, hardly sent reports on their activities centrally. Somehow I came across information that the Germans accounted for tens of thousands of reusable units of armored vehicles.
              It turns out that the statements that the number of irretrievably lost tanks and self-propelled guns of the Germans does not coincide with the number appearing in our reports are provocative.
              Give a figure to the number of irretrievably lost tanks and self-propelled guns of the Germans, how many of the same tanks were used by the Germans at the front, then we'll talk.
              But the falsifiers of history who rewrite history pretend not to understand this situation.
              Quote: Thick
              Happy New Year

              Thanks you too !
          2. +1
            3 January 2023 19: 59
            29 June 1941 evening summary of the Soviet Information Bureau:

            "The Germans pursued the goal of disrupting the deployment of our troops in a few days and occupying Kyiv and Smolensk with a lightning strike within a week. However, as can be seen from the course of events, the Germans failed to achieve their goal: our troops still managed to turn around, and the so-called lightning strike on Kyiv, Smolensk turned out to be disrupted.
            As a result of stubborn and fierce battles - for the period in 7-8 days, the Germans lost at least 2.500 tanks, about 1.500 aircraft, and more than 30.000 prisoners. During the same period we lost: 850 aircraft, up to 900 tanks, to 15.000 missing and captured. Such is the picture of the actual situation at the front, which we with good reason oppose to the boastful reports of the German radio.

            Reality:
            28 June fell Minsk, general losses of the Minsk-Bialystok operation - about 200 people.
            A relatively small section of the front ....
        3. +3
          1 January 2023 07: 14
          Quote: kalibr
          I already wrote that every day I wrote out losses in tanks and planes from Pravda. Ours and German. Then I compared it with the declassified ones. And gasped

          horses to help you
  3. +9
    31 December 2022 05: 03
    In my opinion, the first and second points of the propaganda rules are the most important. If you hit first, then the task is even more complicated. Now we need to convince the population that you are not the aggressor anyway. Such things are done well. A good example is Operation Iraqi Freedom.
    The specific enemy in the NWO and its leader have not yet been named. In a word, in terms of information, a complete flaw.
  4. +8
    31 December 2022 05: 45
    In my opinion, the author is either confused in concepts, or deliberately misleads the reader:
    1) by definition, propaganda is the purposeful dissemination of ideas in society. That is, the phenomenon is absolutely objective, and no more deceitful than training or education. Another question is what ideas and how are they spread: the ideas of the domination of one nation over all the others (as in Germany) or the ideas of justice, internationalism, equality (as in the USSR);
    2) to approach the indicated principles and follow the principles - these are, as they say, two big differences. The author does not provide any evidence that these principles were guided in the USSR;
    3) to understand the meaning of the expression “Moscow is speaking” literally as an indication of the location of the broadcasting studio, and not to understand that this is not “Voice of Saratov” or “Voice of Sverdlovsk”, but information coming from the capital of our Motherland - well, this is completely in any gate, or complete lack of knowledge of the Russian language. laughing
    About the role of Levitan - in general, it is also weak and frivolous: a set of half-myths, half-tales. But one could at least recall the fact that the rule for pronouncing stress was changed in the word "salute": in his speech, Levitan made a mistake - he stressed the last syllable. But Levitan, by definition, could not be wrong, and therefore the very next day the rules were changed: his reservation became the only correct pronunciation norm!
    1. +2
      31 December 2022 06: 35
      Quote: BMP-2
      by definition, propaganda is the purposeful dissemination of ideas in society.

      But how is one law put in there, according to which it was forbidden for the Voice of America to broadcast in the United States? It seems that by propaganda they understand the same thing as the author:
      paragraph 502 "On measures to limit the dissemination of actual propaganda information on the territory of the United States, so as not to expose Americans to cognitive dissonance between internal and external propaganda"

      The restriction of information is not its distortion, but is the purposeful formation of a false picture of the world. I give an example: In order to get rid of cancer, it is necessary to exclude coarse food that causes cancer of the small intestine! Well, the truth is, coarse food, fibrous, rich in coarse fiber, causes it ... Only the absence of such food causes cancer of the large intestine ...
      1. +2
        31 December 2022 13: 06
        It seems that under propaganda they understand the same thing as the author
        - I completely agree with this. I will say more: the author is either "from there" himself, or deliberately promotes "their morals"! laughing But this does not yet change the ideas that have developed about propaganda in our culture.
        1. Fat
          +2
          31 December 2022 14: 26
          Quote: BMP-2
          fully agree with this. I will say more: the author is either "from there" himself, or deliberately promotes "their morals"!

          THEIR MORALS have become almost generally accepted for people from 40 to 20, We all doubt, but what is from 40 to 150. The difference is in how we put likes, We, those who are over 40, need to scratch their turnips, smoke, sometimes a cup, ahem .. .
          And young times - two and queens in checkers. The adored "sucking" fashion blogger said Mercedes is nothing - the Bavarians are cooler. Well, yes, I agree, the free message of Western values ​​is more fun.
          One thing I can say for sure, the restrictions imposed on the "Internet chips" by the Duma - were a mistake that led to the flight of smart, but greedy to the "free" IT specialists born from 80 to 2000 to "Nezalezhnaya" and still premature "repartition" of military-industrial complex enterprises, when sensible, but not giving a cool income, Uralmash and Izhmash were reforged into "semi-private" JSCs at best, instead of JSCs .... Well, I got angry, hello, "new year", "new time", another era ...
      2. +1
        31 December 2022 16: 30
        But how is one law put in there, according to which it was forbidden for the Voice of America to broadcast in the United States?

        There was no such law. You generate all sorts of information nonsense on different branches.
    2. +9
      31 December 2022 06: 36
      In my opinion, the author is either confused in concepts, or deliberately misleads the reader:
      Something these two days, frankly anti-Soviet flooded, on the pages
      1. +6
        31 December 2022 07: 27
        Quote: parusnik
        Something these two days, frankly anti-Soviet flooded, on the pages

        The 100th anniversary of the USSR is celebrated..
      2. 0
        31 December 2022 09: 31
        Quote: parusnik
        outright anti-Soviet flooded

        Alexey! This is not anti-Soviet. And incompetence...
      3. +1
        2 January 2023 00: 30
        Quote: parusnik
        Something these two days, frankly anti-Soviet flooded, on the pages

        "Minus" to the comments of such authors is the weapon of the indignant members of the forum. This Sarmatov is an obvious anti-Soviet, carrying to the site what was broadcast to the Union through the jammers of Voice of America and Radio Liberty in the 80s.
  5. +10
    31 December 2022 05: 48
    Probably, those authors who claim that in the first days of the war Stalin had an attack of depression, and he believed that everything was already lost for him personally, are still right.
    And who are "those authors", names, as they say in the studio. If you have articles based only on the names of "these" authors, without taking into account the opinions of other authors who disagree with the opinion of "those" authors and provide evidence why they do not agree, then all your materials are just a biased opinion, not a study .
  6. +15
    31 December 2022 06: 07
    Whether the author of the article maliciously or himself became a victim of propaganda, but comrade. Stalin was not in any depression. He did not hide from his comrades-in-arms, and at the dacha, as Rezun lied, he was not afraid of being arrested. From the first minutes of the attack, the leader had the tightest schedule.

    In any case, the knowledge of propaganda did not go to the use of the author, since he does not have critical thinking and he simply repeats the lies repeated many times
    1. Fat
      +12
      31 December 2022 06: 39
      Quote: lubesky
      In any case, the knowledge of propaganda did not go to the use of the author, since he does not have critical thinking and he simply repeats the lies repeated many times

      The author IMHO knows little about propaganda in general. For him, propaganda and agitation, judging by his first article, are in one heap, although these are close things, but propaganda operates with thinking, and agitation with emotions.
      Therefore, A. Sarmatov's articles are not studies. They don't even stand next to each other.
      Summary: Most likely, serious firms will not invite the author as a marketer. smile
      1. +2
        31 December 2022 09: 25
        Quote: Thick
        The author is most likely a serious company

        That's right...
      2. +7
        31 December 2022 11: 48
        Most likely, serious firms will not invite the author as a marketer


        Well, let's put it this way, we have no one to invite serious firms. I remember that some toilet paper sold poorly - dear! Marketers figured it out and invited creatives who advised them to make a soluble cardboard core on which a paper roll is wound, and released a commercial: a cute girl, standing with her back to the toilet and at a distance from it, throws this core into the toilet from behind her back. The mother, standing nearby, smiles benignly, saying that the core will dissolve, there will be no blockage. And what do you think? The kids love the ad! Massive throws of cores into the toilets began - mainly such cores that do not dissolve! The people are not rich, they still take cheap paper! And the children did not catch the essence, they caught the game. Massive blockages of toilet bowls began, a storm of indignation against the advertisement arose in the press, and it was removed from the show.
        So much for marketers, so much for creatives. And they are like that everywhere. Especially in propaganda and agitation.
        Remember how at one time articles appeared on all telegrams and even on the VO telegram with maps of the new 4 regions of Ukraine, taken during the NWO (Zaporozhye, others). It was written excitedly, they say, look what wealth we have acquired: luxurious arable land, valuable unique production, control over the Black Sea coastline, and, well, human resources!
        Users were reasonably indignant: are we going there for this? That is just a war of conquest?!? Moreover, all this will go to the oligarchs! ..
        This is called propaganda, hostile to the goals and objectives of the NWO. It was after these articles with the attached maps of conquests that many people began to lose faith in the need for a Special Operation ...
        Such is propaganda and such agitation.
        1. -5
          31 December 2022 12: 42
          Quote: depressant
          Moreover, all this will go to the oligarchs! ..

          Everything that grows to the country, grows to everyone. Some more, some less, but everyone gets it. Pineapples, avocados, and much more have fallen sharply in the store near my house, apples cost a penny, breadfruit has appeared, the houses around my house are being insulated and finished. Finally, my Proletarskaya street was paved all over from beginning to end. So I got from oil money, and not bad!
          1. +5
            31 December 2022 16: 21
            So some ate pineapples, there was money. Others had diarrhea, although they didn’t eat pineapples, they didn’t have money, but they had diarrhea.
            1. Fat
              +3
              1 January 2023 11: 06
              Everyone ate healthy, tasty and affordable food! Better short term diarrhea than lifelong allergies wassat
        2. +6
          31 December 2022 12: 49
          Such is propaganda and such agitation.
          I was reminded of the organized avalanche of propaganda in the British media belay 25th and a couple of weeks after that. They wrote about the palace coup in the Russian Federation, when, due to the collapsed economy and lack of food and fuel (this is about Russia Yes ) the people will take to the streets and support the overthrown dictator-usurper officials from the Kremlin, who will release truly people's leaders from prison and stop the persecution of those truly people's leaders who managed to fade to England, allowing them to return and form a people's government that will give back to Ukraine all her land This was spoken of as a fait accompli. Delivered the phrase at the same time in a cheap rag against the backdrop of a sharp rise in fuel prices. Approximately from memory - "When we imposed sanctions against Russia in order to crush the economy and force the tyrant to peace on the terms of Kyiv, they dared to introduce counter-sanctions that complicated the already difficult life of the working British people."
          About a month later, hundreds of burned-out Russian tanks and footage of dozens of Russian aircraft being shot down went on display. in a day(ordinary Brits, knowing that all armored vehicles of the Kingdom will fit in the parking lot of Wembley Stadium, ate fish soup wassat ), showed the map (then they stopped, even the most repulsed became interested, why is the map not moving with all the victories of the brave Ukrainian soldiers?) and at the same time they declared that Ukraine calls on everyone to come to the defense of the free world laughing and participate in the victory. A mini-hype formed - a teacher, a financial analyst with a mustache from a barbershop, and some other shots publicly replicated their stories about the reasons for joining the army of beaver soldiers. Veteran SAS officer Phil Campion wrote an open letter to the media, where he asked people with no military experience to invest in a console and play war at home (by the way, veterans of the Legion repeatedly made the same statements in the French media). And now football is getting more attention on TV. Sort of like propaganda.
          1. +3
            31 December 2022 13: 33
            Sort of like propaganda.


            Alex, thanks!
            Reading, laughing
            1. +3
              31 December 2022 13: 44
              Reading, laughing
              It is worth noting that the majority of the British were extremely critical of this flow. Especially from the footage of the assault by poor refugees on trains to Warsaw from Lvov, where then (and even now) only farts were torn smile . "How many of them will be let in here" was the question in the air.
              Added to this was the dissipation of plans to "dispossess" the oligarchs, who began to be called "thieves." In general, true, but then everyone had a question - why were these thieves given out passports and praised for "saving the stagnating British football" a couple of weeks ago? Yes, and called successful businessmen?
          2. +3
            31 December 2022 21: 59
            Any news ceases to be new and exciting. If it does not hurt personally or loved ones. The question is, who is your neighbor? - biblical.
        3. Fat
          +3
          31 December 2022 14: 01
          hi Lyudmila. I'm glad that you were touched to the quick almost before the very New Year, I hope you miss the inevitable "gray noise" of the adversary's encroachments, and this will not spoil the mood below the bar indicated in the "nickname" smile (I'm joking with the EU, but such an interesting and optimistic interlocutor as you - you need to look for more). As a design engineer, I had a chance to do (like Ostap Bender) don’t understand what in the 90s. I was busy in my historical homeland (Izhevsk), including book trade. Oh, how much I learned a lot of “new words”, sold his collection of scale models, but found something that there is nothing to replace - the experience of honest trading Don't lie when they ask directly, Tell only positive things when they ask for advice. you can't afford it" You lived in the east of the USSR.
          In general, why did you take it for granted or speculated
          Quote: depressant
          This is called propaganda, hostile to the goals and objectives of the NWO. It was after these articles with the attached maps of conquests that many people began to lose faith in the need for a Special Operation ...

          I have my own opinion about CBO, if you remember, I said this back in February 2022.
          The "agreement" between the Russian Federation and the United States - takes place - the goal is the destruction of the productive abilities of the EU and the transformation of the European Union into a park of antiquities. The British understood this before anyone else ... Back in 2002 you could hear (if you listen) - Britain is not Europe ... Although friction existed there much longer ... There was no place for Britain in this agreement, therefore, "overshoots of British leaders "inevitably extremely hostile to NWO feel
          1. +2
            31 December 2022 14: 15
            Britain is not Europe
            Everything was easier - the toad was strangled for 50 (the second sponsor of the EU after Germany) billion a year, saluted by Brussels and immigration from the EU grew like an avalanche in order to receive social housing and benefits. The British were fed up with both. And in the future there was a collapse of social security and health care systems.
            1. Fat
              +3
              31 December 2022 16: 14
              hi Alex, I agree. But if we consider all this canoe in the time scale, it is a little not so simple at first, Britain opposed joining the EEC in general. Taki entered. Then, when the EEC was transformed into the EU, they competed for a long time for a single currency (no longer a non-cash conditional ECU), but for a full-scale change of part of the cash ... Well, they entered. And when the European Union acquired its own "infallible" bureaucracy, then the British (not even a word about "separatist" Scotland) did not wait for the time to "whistling cancer from the mountain" - well, England is not a sponsor of the European apparatus and various other Greece, Spain, "tribalts" ", especially for refugees ... from Africa and Asia ... I think the Proud Britons were very enraged by the strengthening of the Eurobureaucracy, and in this matter the bureaucrats of the departed "Empire on which the Sun never sets" have no one to even equate ... plus LME and Lloyd's of London... Even the divorce was not short and painless.
              Free, finally, from the "Euroass" Britain finally came to its senses, since it was almost all the time an energy-independent country.
              There were also those who suddenly thought that they were not fundamentally connected with Europe at all .... Yes, they wouldn’t give a damn if it suddenly didn’t occur to someone again that there are countries that have not been “mastered” in due measure by the “British imperialists” ".... smile
              1. +1
                31 December 2022 16: 22
                At first, Britain resisted joining the EEC in general.
                In the 73rd year they entered, one of the first.
                1. Fat
                  +2
                  31 December 2022 17: 39
                  Well, Alex, you speak English much better than me. look for yourself. The European Economic Community (EEC) is a regional organization whose purpose is to promote economic integration between its member states. She was created Treaty of Rome 1957. This is an English wiki
                  If there is no suitable topic, write in a personal. Let's discuss.
                  Maybe something more sensible "push" smile
                  It can be easy on you in the future.
                  Sincerely
                  1. +2
                    31 December 2022 18: 04
                    In 1973, the communities were enlarged to include Denmark (including Greenland), Ireland, and the United Kingdom.
                    Something like this on the EU page. In 1957 Britain was not there yet.
    2. +2
      31 December 2022 09: 32
      Quote: lubesky
      knowledge of propaganda did not go to the use of the author

      !!!!!!!!!!!!
    3. +1
      1 January 2023 01: 32
      Quote: lubesky
      From the first minutes of the attack, the leader had a very tight schedule.

      And what do the loyal Stalinists condemned by Khrushchev as an anti-party group say about this, with Shepilov who joined them in the book "Stalin's people's commissars say?".
  7. +3
    31 December 2022 06: 29
    Goebbels, whose name has become a household name for an unscrupulous, deceitful and at the same time deeply knowledgeable propagandist.

    As for me, the most characteristic is the phrase about a lie repeated a thousand times. He said this about British propaganda, and the fact that they turned it upside down and glued it to Goebbels as his own guide to action - suggests that Goebbels was right here and, in terms of his ability to lie 1000 times - 1000 times they will give him a head start britos and their friends mattresses
  8. +6
    31 December 2022 07: 03
    It is known that Hitler considered him a personal enemy and even put a reward on his head. The amount of remuneration in different sources varies - from 100 to 300 thousand Reichsmarks.

    Here the author himself repeats the myth, there was no list of Hitler's personal enemies. There were leaflets with a promise to hang Levitan, he himself told about the time of the defenses of Moscow, but there were no cash prizes or inclusion in the list.
  9. +4
    31 December 2022 07: 12
    since all today's Western media calls their information "as it really was", and calls the information of the Russian media propaganda, then the author of the article equates, as propaganda, the spread of Goebbels' fascist ideas in society during the Second World War with reports from the Soviet Information Bureau from the fronts , for us is evidence that the author is deliberately lying and wants to comply with today's enemy media, under their slogan "as it really was." So this is for us. And for the Investigative Committee, this should be material for a criminal case, for equating fascist Goebbels propaganda
    Sovinformburo news from the fronts of the Great Patriotic War.
    1. 0
      31 December 2022 07: 33
      Quote: north 2
      for equating fascist Goebbels propaganda

      He does not equate, but compares. And those are two big differences. The study of history has always been based on comparison. Everyone was always compared to everyone ... The same Churchill once said that Stalin and Hitler differ only in the length of their mustaches. But this does not mean that in this case there is an equating of one to the other. This is his personal opinion, citing which is not prohibited. Moreover, we all know that it is one-sided and generally does not correspond to reality. Just a biting phrase to the public. Explained clearly?
      1. The comment was deleted.
    2. +2
      31 December 2022 12: 51
      And for the Investigative Committee, this should be material for a criminal case, for equating fascist Goebbels propaganda
      Sovinformburo news from the fronts of the Great Patriotic War.


      Taaa-ak!...
      So we have sunk to the level of scammers!
      Let's not, shall we? One here already boasted as something worthy that she ran to the prosecutor's office, or where she ran there, and dashed off a denunciation of her colleagues, who called her a fan of Zelensky because she had a "V" on her bag (where is the logic?!?) , and added "Stalin is pleased with me" - how is it, huh? As if the essence of the Stalin era comes down to denunciations of some against others (in fact, there were 4 million denunciations from ordinary citizens - such denunciations that smart investigators for the most part sent to the archive without giving way) ...
      And now a denunciation of our Author is being offered, or the possibility of interpreting his article as discrediting Stalin.
      Well, firstly, discrediting Stalin is what official propaganda needs now, covering the Mausoleum with plywood - the very one at the foot of which the fascist flags of defeated Germany were thrown.
      And secondly, denunciations are the very thing that helps to usefully occupy the population, distracting it from the search for the true meanings of what is happening. Let everyone be afraid!
      So what are we doing here?
      Are we looking for meanings or are we developing tactics of skillful cowardice?
      Do not touch the Authors!
      1. -2
        31 December 2022 15: 37
        Quote: depressant
        As if the essence of the Stalin era comes down to denunciations of some against others

        It depends which side you look at. And... smart investigators... Were there any? If Yezhov, and then Beria, cleaned out ... thousands of Chekists (how many are too lazy to look for exactly, but a lot). But regarding denunciations, you are right, of course. This is a lousy business. But - laugh at the same time - how many people accused me here of working for the West, and I myself wrote that ... the English spy offered to stop, so to speak ... no one ever dared to write to the FSB in the Penza region. There is enough courage (or stupidity) to write here, but they immediately gave notice there ... We have such shots here ...
        1. +2
          31 December 2022 15: 49
          I myself wrote that ... an English spy
          They lie. The position has been filled for a long time Yes .
          1. Fat
            +4
            31 December 2022 20: 17
            Of course they lie! Double agents - an invention exclusively of the communists wassat Because Soviet inventions were patented through British agencies. "Docs" can not be found. lol wink
          2. +2
            1 January 2023 08: 50
            Quote: Bolt Cutter
            They lie. The position has been filled for a long time

            And that's right! Moved to the intelligence of Burkina Faso - they pay less, the tasks are easier!
        2. +2
          31 December 2022 18: 06
          and I myself wrote that ... the English spy offered to stop, so to speak ... no one dared to write to the FSB in the Penza region. There is enough courage (or stupidity) to write here


          Vyacheslav Olegovich, I was once accused of that when I drowned for small and medium-sized businesses. I giggled and answered, yes, they say, I even have an office in the US NSA with a gold plate that says "Lyudmila Yakovlevna Depressant", a corrupt agent - well, something like that.
          Some people do not tolerate criticism well, it destroys the image of well-being created in their imagination.
          1. -1
            1 January 2023 08: 51
            Quote: depressant
            Some people do not tolerate criticism well, it destroys the image of well-being created in their imagination.

            Children - yes! But then the adults gathered ... Or are they still chewing snot?!
            1. +1
              1 January 2023 17: 46
              They are afraid that they will be touched by the edge. Like, they stood nearby, did not stop with devastating statements. Are you present? I am obliged to condemn everything that at least seems "anti"! The laws are harsh, there are now a lot of them. And if we think about ourselves that, they say, we are small fry, the laws are not up to us, then this is not so. The time will come, everyone will start rowing, even those who stood next to the talker who opened his mouth.
              The day before yesterday I watched the Hollywood movie "New Historical Reality". There the characters are silent!
  10. +5
    31 December 2022 07: 28
    Andrey! Well, what are you doing, and most importantly - why? This passage was also in your previous material: Vladimir Kruzhkov, an employee of the department, later recalled:
    “Reports about the battles on the fronts were submitted to Stalin before release. If things went badly, they returned from him unrecognizable... The leader did not spare the Germans. If, according to our reports, we count all the aircraft, tanks, ships, guns and manpower lost by the enemy, then neither in Germany, nor in Europe captured by it, there would be no people or equipment left by the middle of the war.
    In your text it says: However, Soviet propaganda eventually managed to outplay the Nazi one. How exactly she succeeded, we will tell. Is there anything about this in the text? Very little. That is, the content does not correspond to the task. If I were you, I would call the material "Voice of Levitan" and then everything would be OK. No need to mix theory with specifics so cool. But the most important thing is that I have already written about it. You do not know the newspaper Pravda from the word at all. There are a lot of great examples out there. So ... go to the library and read all the numbers in a row for all 1418 days. Topics will be found. And yet ... do not neglect historiography. That is, read what others have written on the same topic before you !!!
    1. +3
      31 December 2022 18: 15
      Vyacheslav Olegovich, you are a professional, the only thing you do is digging in the archives, gathering the necessary information, writing books and articles. But do not take into account that some authors also have the main job, for which they are paid money in order to support the existence of the author. There is a catastrophic lack of time for such authors for archival research! Do you seriously think that in a short or at least fairly foreseeable period of time it is possible to "shovel" 1418 issues of the Pravda newspaper? It's just creepy! wassat )))
      1. Fat
        +3
        31 December 2022 19: 22
        Lyudmila, I'm sorry.
        It seems to me that this is the norm - quickly. It is necessary from a day to an infinite. The work takes all the time allotted for its implementation. wassat
        1. +3
          31 December 2022 21: 54
          Parkinson's law. Works always. Ask any student.
      2. +2
        1 January 2023 08: 56
        Quote: depressant
        But don't take into account

        Dear Lyudmila Yakovlevna! I don't forget anything and take everything into account. I have been at VO since 2015. Retired since the 17th. And he managed to write FOSs and go to the archive. And while I was going to work (I was going!) I was reciting the whole article in my mind. Went back - polished phrases. Came, sat down, 40 minutes - recorded. But ... again, if there is no time to read all 1418 newspapers, then ... choose another topic. A lot of them!!! For example, "Toad helmet as a specific element of knightly weapons." I would be surprised, but ... I would swallow it if everything was right there.
  11. +10
    31 December 2022 07: 42
    Stalin, for reasons that are not completely clear, generally first addressed the people only on July 3, that is, on the 11th day of the war.
    That's right, they brought a visitor's log. Lies launched, felts by Khrushchev, or maybe Mikoyan, in short, by one of those who, after the death of I.V. Stalin, began to diligently pour slops on him in order to hide their inferiority, against the backdrop of a real personality. And a document is a document, as they say, "What is written with a pen, you can't cut it with an axe." Tov. Stalin was not idle talker and balabolka, like some temporary workers after him, who received the leadership of the Great Country, by chance, and behind-the-scenes intrigues. The whole world listened to his words, they mattered, and determined the entire future strategy for current events. He spoke rarely, but aptly. While there is no clear picture of what is happening, the goals of the enemy have not been determined, there is nothing to grind with your tongue once again. Everything became clear - he spoke to the country, making it clear not only to his people, but also to the enemy, the war would be until complete annihilation, which subsequently happened, four years later in Berlin, inside the bunker. Here the author mentioned Goebbels - yes, he was an intelligent propagandist, some of his quotes must be taken literally, like .. A lie repeated a thousand times becomes the truth. > .. Just in time. But he also said this...<.The worst enemy of any propaganda is intellectualism>...It's hard to disagree.
    1. +4
      31 December 2022 09: 09
      One of the goals of modern education is to teach a person to think critically and not take what they tell you on faith. Intellectualism is the antipode of propaganda. “If you were given a notebook in a ruler, write across.” Ray Bradbury.
  12. +8
    31 December 2022 08: 50

    In the early years of the war, no one knew that the phrase “Attention, Moscow says” actually sounded from Sverdlovsk. The basement of a house on the corner of 8 Marta and Radishchev streets in Yekaterinburg was the most important basement of the entire USSR during the war years. It was from there that every day, descending into the basement through a separate door, Yuri Levitan transmitted his reports. In the fall of 1941, they decided to move the center of propaganda away from the front - to the Urals. Together with all the equipment and employees, the radio station was evacuated to Pervushin's house.

    A cable was extended from it to Shartash, where a powerful radio station was installed. Levitan lived in a small wooden house in the courtyard of the same estate. The courtyard was closed, and the announcer could walk there alone. In 1943, Levitan was transferred to the city of Kuibyshev (now it is Samara), because a more powerful radio station appeared there.

    At the same time, Agniya Barto, Aleksey Tolstoy, Lev Kassil went live on the ground floor of the house and read their works all over the country.
    In 2020, in the building on Radishcheva, 2 (or March 8, 28), the museum of the military history of the Urals "Sverdlovsk: Moscow Speaks!" was opened.
    1. +7
      31 December 2022 09: 28
      Levitan really, let me quote - "What a block, what a seasoned human being!"
      Father heard and remembered his voice, judging by his recollections, he made an indelible impression on people on the air ... No wonder Hitler was so infuriated ...
    2. +5
      31 December 2022 09: 36
      Vladislav! More about this and an article would be much more interesting than this one!
  13. +4
    31 December 2022 10: 00
    Propaganda should serve not the force of arms in the country, but the very way of life. a large number of Soviet books, musical works, scientific discoveries - all this played in favor of our country. Nobel prizes were handed out to our scientists reluctantly. The whole world rejoiced at the first cosmonaut. For a long time, the United States imposed its way of life on our country. And we gave in, having lost friends in the big world. You can’t do anything with threats. We must create our image again. The world must meet us halfway, and not be afraid of us.
  14. +3
    31 December 2022 10: 20
    Sovinformburo - was founded on June 24, 1941. It was on this department that the main burden of propaganda work during the war fell.
    Sovinformburo and propaganda do not fit. Pulled to the ears.
    1. +1
      31 December 2022 12: 38
      Quote: Vasilyevich Pensioner
      Sovinformburo and propaganda do not fit. Pulled to the ears.

      It just fits, but you need to work thinner. Rough work can turn everything upside down!
  15. -9
    31 December 2022 13: 36
    Since there is clearly not enough time to argue with everyone, I will answer all critics at once. I have been told that in the first days of the war, Stalin probably had a bout of depression. Nowhere is it said that he was hiding in the closet, it is not said that he did not meet with anyone at that time. Depression does not mean that he could not hold some meetings. But no one has ever refuted the main fact: his first appeal to the people was only on July 3rd. Why wait so much? Especially in this situation!
    And yes, I studied his reign for many years, and in general I had a negative opinion about him. So if you were waiting for his praises, then they will not be in my subsequent articles.
    1. +2
      31 December 2022 15: 39
      Andrey! An incomplete answer is even worse than none. Have you read the newspaper Pravda for 1418 days from cover to cover?
      1. +5
        31 December 2022 16: 32
        Andrei does not understand, in order for the leader of the country to turn to all the people, he should have had complete information from everyone who was supposed to be involved in the war, and not just talk and give the enemies a reason to shout - Stalin is lying! Stalin did not give such a reason to shout, he told the truth.
        1. 0
          2 January 2023 00: 48
          Quote: zenion
          Andrei does not understand that in order for the leader of the country to turn to all the people, he should have had complete information from everyone who was supposed to be involved in the war

          Yes, he understands everything better than you and me. Just everyone earns as they can. Someone writes patriotic articles, someone (like Sarmatov) liberal-democratic.
          With regard to Comrade Stalin's belated speech, one can refer to Halder's diary, for example.
          It says that immediately after the German attack, the USSR Foreign Ministry initiated consultations with the Germans through a channel in Sweden on the subject of cessation of hostilities. Indirectly, this confirms the large number of hours that Molotov spent in Stalin's office.
          They even listed the concessions we were willing to make if the Germans stopped their offensive. It can be assumed that Comrade Stalin was waiting to see if it would be possible to resolve the issue with Hitler, and when he was convinced that nothing would come of it, he prepared a speech and went out to the people.
          This is my personal opinion, I do not impose it, but Halder would not lie to himself in his diary. Just as the log of visits to Stalin's office does not lie, where it is clear that Molotov sat there for hours.
        2. -1
          2 January 2023 14: 13
          In order to tell the people that we were attacked, it is not at all necessary to have all the information.
    2. +6
      31 December 2022 17: 43
      Quote: Andrey_Sarmatov
      So if you were waiting for his praises, then they will not be in my subsequent articles.

      So after all, no one from you (and me, too, because he is the hero of not my novel, but ...) does not expect them. But why repeat long-worn clichés. About the same depression, for example. You know ... those people who write about her in this do not understand at all !!! And you, too, no x-r-e-n-a. It turns out that depression very often manifests itself in a completely different way than 99% of our people understand it. Itself learned about it only recently from communication with very knowledgeable doctors. So, depression most often makes itself felt not by "psychism", but by pains in different parts of the body. In my book "If Hitler took Moscow" I wrote in the afterword about Stalin's illnesses. He was a very sick man. And depression, most likely, he had and manifested itself constantly. But ... she did not interfere with his work - that's what matters. But she didn’t bother me so much for 68 years ... And only that’s how half a year they treated her somewhere, and they healed well. So you have to be very careful with Stalin's "depression" and if you are not a doctor with extensive experience as a psychotherapist, do not write anything about it at all.
      1. +7
        31 December 2022 18: 30
        As for the description of depression, I support it as a Depressant! wassat )))
        As for all sorts of nonsense, supposedly Stalin locked himself in his dacha, did not receive anyone, only then woke up, and so on ... I read something like this once, laughed - a man pulled out SUCH an era on himself! It's like not knowing those people with their mighty will and iron self-discipline in order to believe this version, to put them on a par with citizens who are not fit to bear such a heavy burden of responsibility for a vast country.
        1. +5
          1 January 2023 09: 02
          Quote: depressant
          It's like not knowing those people with their mighty will and iron self-discipline in order to believe this version, put them on a par with citizens who are not fit to bear such a heavy burden of responsibility for a vast country.

          W-o-o-t! He could make mistakes, he could see perspectives incorrectly - a man, not a god - he could be angry, suspicious and even cruel, but ... he was demanding, first of all, to others. The school of revolutions and expropriations does not go in vain. And here a kind of institute is depicted. She fell into depression ... Diarrhea broke through and the temperature jumped to 38 - yes, yes, he just spat on all this and ... went to lead!
    3. +2
      2 January 2023 04: 50
      Apparently you are studying the rule of Stalin in the wrong place, and therefore did not understand. The fact that you are a liberal is also understandable. As well as the fact that people like you can not help shitting on Stalin. As for the new "articles", it's a pity if they appear on this resource. It's my personal opinion.
      1. -2
        2 January 2023 14: 08
        What I think is my business, not yours! You can keep your opinion to yourself! My articles appear not only on this, but also on other resources. If you don't like it - go and study your idol's rule in the "right place"!
  16. +3
    31 December 2022 19: 42
    Quote: Andrey77
    That's interesting. People's Commissar of the Fleet Kuznetsov only under N11 and the conversation was only 20 minutes long. It is unrealistic to set a task for ALL fleets in 20 minutes. Or did they have a conversation, they say we were attacked (and Kuznetsov already knew this, according to reports on setting minefields - as early as June 21)?


    If the speaker at the operational meeting cannot report in 20 minutes, it means that he (or his assistants) cannot single out the key, separating it from the routine, which can and should be decided at the grassroots level, and not at the highest.

    20 minutes is more than enough to quickly and clearly report on bringing the fleets on alert (without verbiage and introductory phrases), on current losses and plans for today or tomorrow (again, without verbiage and boring enumeration of order numbers and composition strength, if the boss wants details, he will ask).
    1. +1
      1 January 2023 15: 25
      In those morning hours, 20 minutes is even a lot!
  17. The comment was deleted.
  18. +1
    31 December 2022 22: 27
    Yes, since then the principles of military propaganda, I read, have increased.
    But the result remained - to denigrate the enemy, to whitewash oneself.

    It is difficult to compare in the Second World War, but Levitan really performed powerfully .....
  19. +2
    31 December 2022 23: 26
    While Stalin was lying somewhere in depression, the hero of the Jewish people Levitan courageously read texts without holidays and days off. Miraculously did not overstrain, miraculously!
    1. +1
      1 January 2023 14: 41
      Quote: Roman Efremov
      While Stalin was lying somewhere in depression, the hero of the Jewish people Levitan courageously read texts without holidays and days off. Miraculously did not overstrain, miraculously!

      Hope it was ironic.
      1. +1
        1 January 2023 15: 18
        About weekends and holidays - this is a quote from the article. Is it possible to respond to such quotes without irony?
        1. +1
          1 January 2023 16: 40
          Quote: Roman Efremov
          About weekends and holidays - this is a quote from the article. Is it possible to respond to such quotes without irony?

          Novel! From what article? Original source, pliz. About Stalin? With irony? You know, frankly I don’t dare. For? I’m not worthy.
          1. +1
            1 January 2023 17: 15
            From the article, under which the comments. It says that Levitan read texts without holidays and weekends. This is ridiculous (children were standing at the machines), and therefore the irony.
            And there, in the comments, someone blurted out that Stalin, they say, fell into depression in the first days of the war. A well-known bike, although already outdated. There is also irony about this - about a bike, and not about Stalin.
      2. Fat
        +1
        1 January 2023 18: 04
        Seryozha, this is really irony .... Are you "cho", "old", "smelled the scent"?
        Good to see you friend! Happy New Year to you and all your tribe....
  20. +5
    1 January 2023 00: 22
    Well, dear friends, Happy New Year! )))
    I am not a propagandist and not an agitator, therefore I cannot wish that the NWO ends in 2023, it will last almost until its end, because this is the pre-election year for our and the American presidents wassat ))) crying (((
    1. +2
      1 January 2023 08: 23
      I would not dare to make predictions. Everyone knows the fate of Cassandra.
      1. +3
        1 January 2023 14: 16
        Quote from Korsar4
        I would not dare to make predictions.

        Sergey! You are a poet! And this in our country is higher than any * forecasters * like Globa and Lavrov.
        Happy New Year, my friend! And may it be better for all of us unlucky on the 21st. And?? Holy, holy! On the 22nd!
        Good luck to you and your loved ones! All the best!
        1. +2
          1 January 2023 17: 46
          Happy New Year, Seryozha!

          Let there be Health, luck, well-being and interesting communication!
          1. +2
            1 January 2023 17: 57
            Quote from Korsar4
            interesting communication

            Sergey, here is a question. Who is on my nickname now? On the avatar?
            1. Fat
              +2
              1 January 2023 18: 48
              Hockey player, Esposito is on your avatar, not a bearded face, and you are still ArchiPhil .... Any questions, can I write to you directly? Don't get angry?
            2. 0
              1 January 2023 20: 10
              As far as I can see with this expansion - Phil Esposito.
    2. +2
      1 January 2023 14: 04
      Quote: depressant
      I am not a propagandist and not an agitator, therefore

      You are just a good person! I am proud and appreciate our non-visual acquaintance with you! By the way. By the way. The gold has disappeared from your epaulettes. Are you no longer the best? good hi
      Happy New Year, dear Lyudmila Yakovlevna! Happiness, health, good luck, all the best!
      1. +2
        1 January 2023 16: 56
        Sergei Vladimirovich, I didn't even notice - about the "gold on epaulettes", until you drew my attention to it. And ... I thought that these were yellow stripes on the general's trousers wassat )))
        Well, they disappeared, because they didn’t draw the correspondence. She was silent for almost the whole year, stupidly searching through telegrams in search of meanings that she had accumulated from the totality of facts. So, there are many facts, the meaning is the same, which I saw back on December 31, 2021 as a result of a telephone conversation between Putin and Biden - an agreement! The election race of the old people is heating up, it is necessary to throw firewood. Throw up!
        Then, honoring decent thinkers, she expanded the concept of an agreement to a fierce struggle of a form of capitalism that is fading into the past, clinging to the past, with the clustering of the world by industrial and banking capital (corporations). To do this, the old capitalism must be brought into a state of chaos, the clusters will hatch. The go-ahead is given, it has begun.
        How to live with this? wassat )))
        Actually, it's not funny.
        In any case - Happy New Year to you)))
        1. +1
          1 January 2023 17: 13
          Quote: depressant
          How to live with this?

          Aaaah? Let's quit, huh? Pretend that everything is OK? Wright? We can't change anything. So? Well, to hell with them!
        2. +1
          1 January 2023 17: 14
          Quote: depressant
          gold on epaulettes,

          Is there gold on your skirt?
          1. +1
            1 January 2023 19: 10
            Is there gold on your skirt?

            Are you kidding me? I spent most of my life in trousers, shorts and sweatpants.
            I can't imagine myself in a skirt for a long time!
            wassat )))
        3. Fat
          +2
          1 January 2023 18: 19
          hi Stripes - a wide lace, sometimes double, should be golden in thought ... Well, nafik, now the lace is red, or even protective .... If the generals are not "shocked" for periods
          , they will become
          .... Ahem... 20 years for the flawless sweeping of the parade ground! (is it an order or a medal?)
          1. +1
            1 January 2023 19: 17
            Uniform - impressed!
            I believe, the subject of active envy of our General Staff. But, it seems, judging by the number of awards to the General Staff officers, by the way, it is not clear why, their mood should improve day by day.
            Here Surovikin was awarded. But it was under his leadership that our aviation was in front of the NWO for 6 years. Well, you know the events. So why Suvorov III degree? For anti-tank hedgehogs?..
            Okay, I'm silent wassat )))
  21. +1
    1 January 2023 12: 15
    Quote: mz
    I don’t consider the truth of the data in Pravda, but there are objective difficulties with counting destroyed / knocked out tanks due to the good work of the Wehrmacht repair units, especially before 43. The tank could have been knocked out, but then restored, knocked out again. And in the data of the Soviet side, the same tank could pass as knocked out / destroyed several times.

    That's for sure, between a wrecked and destroyed tank - "a huge distance" (c). The same tank could receive combat damage three or four times before it went out of action forever. And when artillerymen, tankers, and self-propelled gunners fired at tanks, each unit recorded all the laurels of the winners for itself.
  22. +1
    1 January 2023 15: 50
    The meaning of Levitan's voice .. Hitler considered him a personal enemy .. the Nazis were preparing a special operation to kidnap and transfer Levitan to Germany .. his location and even appearance were kept in strict confidence

    judging by similar texts, the main enemy of Hitler was not Russia, but Levitan
    1. Fat
      +1
      1 January 2023 18: 40
      hi How thin wassat And here is Russia?
      For some reason, the USSR became the main enemy for Hitler. The real REASONS for not capturing Britain by the Wehrmacht are unknown ...
      1. +1
        1 January 2023 19: 25
        Well, why not? Rumor has it that Hitler is a joint venture between the United States and Great Britain.
        1. Fat
          +1
          1 January 2023 19: 50
          Quote: depressant
          Hitler is a joint venture between the US and the UK

          give myself time.internmg-
  23. +2
    1 January 2023 18: 02
    Quote from Korsar4
    Happy New Year, Seryozha!

    Let there be Health, luck, well-being and interesting communication!

    Is always!!!
  24. 0
    1 January 2023 22: 08
    The words that Stalin "was depressed" in the first days of the war - a thousand times, based on documents, a refuted lie. The appearance of this article with similar theses is incomprehensible to me; I cannot attribute this to the author's illiteracy. As far as I know, there is an article in the Criminal Code for denigrating our Victory (or whatever it is called).
    I think that this opus fits her perfectly.
  25. 0
    22 February 2023 17: 25
    Quote: kalibr
    Quote: depressant
    It's like not knowing those people with their mighty will and iron self-discipline in order to believe this version, put them on a par with citizens who are not fit to bear such a heavy burden of responsibility for a vast country.

    W-o-o-t! He could make mistakes, he could see perspectives incorrectly - a man, not a god - he could be angry, suspicious and even cruel, but ... he was demanding, first of all, to others. The school of revolutions and expropriations does not go in vain. And here a kind of institute is depicted. She fell into depression ... Diarrhea broke through and the temperature jumped to 38 - yes, yes, he just spat on all this and ... went to lead!

    Extremely primitive concepts, these are the concepts of a stupid hard-working boozer that depressions and other mental disorders occur in college girls, while a normal man only has a binge. In fact, both Peter-1 and Napoleon Bonaparte suffered from depression, against the backdrop of serious shocks, Stalin could also have an attack.

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