Reformatting of consciousness. The death of Sparta

113

Spartan army in battle. By the way, the warriors are wearing helmets of a later, not Corinthian type, but in their shape reminiscent of a Spartan felt hat - a pilos. Rice. J. Rava

“The guilt of the ears is the fruit of arrogance,
Blooming luxuriantly. Such a bitter harvest.
Seeing this retribution, always remember
Hellas and Athens. of your good
Do not squander and, with your own wealth
Satisfied, do not covet someone else's piece.
Punishes for pride with a terrible punishment
Judge of a tough temper, merciless Zeus.

Aeschylus "Persians"

Difficult story humanity. In the “Great Rulers” cycle, we talked about those who achieved the title of “great” or ... did not achieve it for some reason, and about the reformers whose reforms failed, but whose memory remained. And again, about the fact that since the truth is revealed to one person, his whole life is not enough for his fellow citizens to accept it. Often the result of this is the death of the state. Such was, for example, the fate of the Greek city of Sparta. On the pages of VO on September 9, 2021 in the material “Ancient Sparta. Primordial Sparta” has already been told about how she achieved her power. Now it's time to tell how she fell!


The so-called "Corinthian helmet" c. 650, which was a typical Spartan hoplite helmet. Made from a single piece of bronze, this helmet follows the shape of the head and is pulled back down with a slight curve to form a neck shield, and the sides are pulled forward, leaving only a narrow face opening that expands into the ogival eye holes, with a nasal plate in between. The edges are lined with lining holes. A twelve-petal flower is engraved in the center of the forehead part. The thickness of the metal along the edges is 1,5 mm, at the eyes 2 mm. Weight: 1 Royal Arsenal, Leeds

And it was so (and this was already mentioned in the recently published material “An Example from Ancient History”) that although Sparta defeated Athens in the Peloponnesian War, its forces were also undermined in the same way. And the wars of “all against all” began in Greece, until King Philip, followed by his son, Alexander, took Greece into their hands. But… Alexander became “great” and died in Babylon, and the situation repeated itself.



The wars of the Diadochi, Alexander's commanders, began. All the same, only on a reduced scale, happened in Greece, where the city-states again began to fight for hegemony. In particular, the once mighty Sparta entered the Cleomenes War (229-222 BC) against the Achaean Union (279-146 BC) and Macedonia for hegemony in the Peloponnesian Peninsula. This time, Sparta lost the war, and with "such a devastating score" that none of the citizens of royal origin remained in the city. That is, there was no one to occupy the royal throne (and there were two kings there!) Power was given to the young Pelops and with him two regents Mahanid and Nabis. But in 207, Mahanid fell on the battlefield of Mantinea and, taking advantage of this, Nabis began to gradually take power into his hands.

Reformatting of consciousness. The death of Sparta

Coin of King Nabis

And ... in 200 BC. overthrew Pelops, finally took power into his own hands and declared that he was a descendant of King Demaratus and belonged to the royal family of Eurypontides. On the coins minted by him, Nabis is called a king, but the historians Polybius and Titus Livius call him a tyrant. And being a tyrant in Greece was not too shameful, because it was not called tyrants in our understanding of the word, but only rulers who came to power in a not entirely legal way. There were tyrants in Athens and Syracuse, and now the once freedom-loving Sparta also waited for its tyrant.

As we know, in ancient Greece there was even a special “code of tyrants”, that is, “rules of conduct”, aimed at staying in power longer. The code recommended that the tyrant wage war or prepare for it, since in this case the role of the sole power increases dramatically; then build buildings to give people income, organize holidays to give people the opportunity to drink it away, and besides, “merry and drunk people do not plan evil”; and… keep spies in order to know exactly what is really being said about you.

Interestingly, it was the tyrants who were the best reformers in Greece, and Nabis himself was supporters of perhaps the most radical reforms that were carried out at that time. Some reforms were initiated by kings Agis IV and Cleomenes III who ruled before him. But what they had done seemed to Nabis not enough. Although Polybius described the supporters of Nabis as "a crowd of murderers, robbers, pickpockets and robbers from the high road", he carried out reforms that were quite reasonable and corresponded to the requirements of the time.

Since there were very few Spartans themselves in the city, and they became impoverished, he granted their rights to all subjects of Sparta (including the perieks), freed several thousand helots and ... engaged in the expulsion of the oligarchs. The lands belonging to large landowners were confiscated and then divided between the helots, who became citizens of Sparta, and the impoverished Spartans.


Another Spartan helmet, this time from the British Museum

To the Romans, in particular, to the Roman commander Titus Quinctius Flamininus, Nabis explained his actions in this way:

“Do not judge what is happening in Lacedaemon according to your customs and laws ... You recruit cavalry according to qualifications, foot soldiers according to qualifications, and you think it’s right that whoever is richer is in command, and ordinary people obey. Our legislator (he had in mind Lycurgus - Approx. Aut.), on the contrary, did not want the state to become the property of a few, those that you call the Senate, did not want one or another class to excel in the state: he sought to equalize people in wealth and position, and thereby give the fatherland more defenders.

Quite a very socialist worldview, isn't it? In any case, the uprising of Aristonicus in Pergamum has not yet happened, and such radical views on the social structure have already been expressed.


The Spartans fight the Persians. Rice. J. Rava

To strengthen his power, Nabis ordered to kill the last descendants of the two dynasties of Spartan kings, so that there would be no one to simply physically challenge the throne from him. He either expelled the Spartan oligarchs or also put them to death in order to seize their wealth, but he ruled completely mercilessly. He especially got it from the historian Polybius, a supporter of the Achaean Union and an ardent enemy of Nabis:

“The tyrant of the Lacedaemonians Nabis ... was concerned only with the foundation and consolidation of cruel tyranny for a long time. To do this, Nabis completely exterminated the surviving opponents of his power in Sparta, expelled citizens who were distinguished more by wealth than by glorious origin, and distributed their property and wives to the most influential people from among their enemies and to their mercenaries.


Corinthian helmet from a Greek colony in southern France, c. 550 BC e. Museum weapons and the Higgins Armor in Massachusetts

In ancient historiography, Nabis is even credited with the manufacture of a terrible automatic torture machine in the shape of the figure of his wife Apia (which is why she was called Apia), with which he extorted money from wealthy Spartans.


Greek cuirass IV c. BC e. Higgins Museum of Arms and Armor in Massachusetts

The British historian Perry Anderson, on the contrary, considered the Nabis reforms "the most consistent and far-reaching program of revolutionary measures ever voiced in antiquity." And - yes, in any case, he increased the Spartan army, was able to hire new mercenaries, and even for the first time in the history of Sparta, he fenced the city with walls!


Greek hoplites on the attack. Rice. J. Rava

The alliance with Rome during the First Macedonian War (214 BC - 205 BC), which Rome fought with Macedonia at the same time as the Second Punic War against Carthage, strengthened its position. He sent 600 mercenaries to help the Romans, and for this, Rome turned a blind eye to the capture of the city of Argos by Nabis. Already being the king of Sparta, Nabis made his wife his ruler, since it was her hometown. Well, then Apia and Nabis confiscated the property of the wealthy families of both cities, and most of the confiscated land was redistributed among the liberated helots loyal to Nabis.


Another hoplite helmet of the Corinthian type from the Higgins Museum of Arms and Armor in Massachusetts

Until that time, protection from the uprising of the helots was the main concern of the internal policy of Sparta, and the danger of their uprising greatly limited the adventurous aspirations of the Spartans outside the Peloponnese. The actions of Nabis eliminated this problem, as they say, once and for all. Not only did the liberated helots receive land from him. They also turned out to be ... married to the rich wives of the exiled Spartan oligarchy and demos (that is, all former full-fledged citizens) and the widows of the wealthy elite, whose husbands were killed on his orders. For them, it was a truly royal gift, for which, in general, little was required of them: to fight for Sparta, that is, again ... for themselves.

Well, the construction of the Spartan fleet was actively supported by those of the poor who did not get the land. They traditionally served on ships as rowers and received daily wages and part of the booty for this, that is, they also got a chance to break out into people!


Gold stater 239–229 BC e. Aetolian Union. Berlin Museum

As for the land army, the heavy troops, consisting of hoplites, were no longer available to Sparta in sufficient numbers. This led to a serious decline in its military power, so the restoration of a class of loyal and, in addition, wealthy subjects, gave them the opportunity to serve as well-equipped phalangites (operating in close and deep formation, with a longer spear than the previous hoplites).

That is why the liberation of the helots by Nabis by many people is perceived as one of the most outstanding deeds in the history of Sparta. In doing so, he removed the central ideological pillar of the old Spartan social system and the main reason for the objections to Spartan expansion from the surrounding policies (city-states), where slavery existed in a different form.


Corinthian helmets. National Archaeological Museum of Athens

However, the precedent with the implementation of the redistribution of land by Nabis in Argos, which he occupied, caused real fears among the wealthy elite of the policies of the Achaean Union that he would spread his reforms throughout the Peloponnese. Therefore, as soon as the Second Macedonian War ended, the Achaeans declared war on Nabis, and the Roman proconsul Titus Quinctius Flamininus supported them.

The pretext for the war was the "liberation of cities from tyranny", which meant, in particular, also the return of Argos to the Achaean Union, although de facto Rome at one time recognized Nabis as its ruler. Nabis tried to appeal to the friendship agreement with Rome, but he still had to fight. The Allies laid siege to Sparta, stormed the main seaport of Laconica - Gytium. But ... in 195 BC. e. on the initiative of Rome hastened to make peace. At the same time, Nabis lost Argos, the port of Gity and some Cretan cities, undertook to extradite prisoners and defectors, and his power was limited only to the territory of Sparta.


Shield, greaves and helmets of the Macedonian phalangites. Left and right are swords with a characteristic pommel. Images from the tomb of Lyson and Callicles, an ancient Macedonian tomb from the Hellenistic period in Miez (modern Lefkadia, near Naousa, Imathia), famous for its pictorial decoration. The tomb was originally built for the brothers Lyson and Callicles, sons of Aristophanes, around 250 BC. e., but their descendants continued to use it for about a century, that is, in the era of the Roman conquest

Nabis, however, still hoped to regain his former power. In 192 BC. BC, seeing that the Romans and their Achaean allies were distracted by the war with the Syrian king Antiochus III and the Aetolian League (322-191 BC), he tried to return the Gythia and the banks of the Laconica and at first acted quite successfully. But everything ended in defeat, the area around the city was devastated, and Nabis turned to the Aetolian League for help to protect their territory from the Romans and Achaeans.

The Aetolians sent a thousand infantry and three hundred cavalry under Alexamenes. Nabis arranged a review for the arriving troops, during which he was treacherously killed, because it is not for nothing that it is said that only their own always betray. Then they tried to capture Sparta, but an uprising of the Spartans began in the city, which completely exterminated the entire Aetolian detachment.


Armor of a Macedonian warrior, drawing from the same tomb...

Chaos arose, which the Achaeans used to their advantage: they sent a large army to Sparta, forced the Spartans to join the Achaean Union and finally abolished royal power in it, turning it into one of the most ordinary cities of the Peloponnese.
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  1. +10
    16 July 2022 06: 48
    Vyacheslav, thanks! Interesting and well written. good
    The code recommended that the tyrant wage war or prepare for it, since in this case the role of the sole power increases dramatically; then build buildings to give people income, organize holidays to give people the opportunity to drink it away, and besides, “merry and drunk people do not plan evil”; and... keep spies in order to know exactly what is really being said about you.


    What a blessing that we do not live in Sparta! bully
    1. +5
      16 July 2022 07: 33
      Whether business in an epoch of changes, yes? No.
      1. +1
        16 July 2022 08: 17
        God save! But there is nowhere to go, especially since these changes are never for the better.
    2. +3
      16 July 2022 08: 32
      What a blessing that we do not live in Sparta!

      Kostya, are you sure? wassat )))

      People do not change - technical capabilities change.
      Vyacheslav Olegovich, thank you! )))
      1. +5
        16 July 2022 08: 49
        I didn't think you would understand me that way. belay request
        1. +2
          16 July 2022 09: 48
          Kostya, is this disagreement? ))))
          The words are already very cunningly put into a phrase. Like "execution cannot be pardoned" wassat ))))
          1. +6
            16 July 2022 10: 19
            Kostya, is this disagreement? ))))


            Lyuda, everything has already been said before us. wink

            1. +3
              16 July 2022 10: 58
              everything has already been said before us.

              Absolutely right! It seems that the ancients, fighting with swords, or with whatever came to hand, experimented, trying out one or another device of the state and interstate relations.
              And yes, it's true - the Moon seems to be looking at us and thinking: "How tired of you people! Well, come up with at least something new!"
              1. +6
                16 July 2022 11: 04
                Well, come up with something new!"


                Yes, they already figured it out, you just need to drink less ... drinks

        2. +5
          16 July 2022 09: 57
          Someone:

          What is said does not mean heard, heard does not mean understood, understood does not mean understood correctly
      2. +3
        16 July 2022 09: 57
        Sea cat, you definitely noticed) 5 points for good subtle trolling)))
        1. +8
          16 July 2022 10: 23
          What else is a poor troll to do? smile

          1. +5
            16 July 2022 10: 44
            Catching hobbits?
            1. +7
              16 July 2022 11: 00
              What to catch them - they will run into themselves. laughing

              1. +5
                16 July 2022 11: 13
                By the way, from the experience of reformatting the consciousness of cats.
                The domestic cat is afraid of mice, knows that you need to get to the doorknob and turn it so that the door opens. And just the other day there was a video. The naughty kitten crumpled the bedspread on the bed. The cat kicked the kitten and paws - paws! - straightened and pulled up the coverlet ....
                Animal experience shows that consciousness changes depending on changes in external conditions.
              2. +2
                16 July 2022 17: 35
                Smaug is quite interesting.
                1. +3
                  16 July 2022 17: 59
                  Seryozha, but I didn’t read this contraption. request laughing
                  1. +3
                    16 July 2022 18: 15
                    I also read it too late. Not exactly impressed. I liked the chapter about the Ents. And then I got used to the rest of the books.
                    1. +1
                      16 July 2022 18: 45
                      And I read "Journey" in the army ...
                      1. +3
                        16 July 2022 23: 18
                        Older daughters read first. I got Tom more than 20 years ago. I noticed that a lot depends on the translation.
                    2. +2
                      16 July 2022 18: 51
                      I also read it too late.


                      "Better late than never" (c) But I'm definitely not going to this reading.

                      1. +3
                        16 July 2022 19: 40
                        Soon! In all cinemas of the country! Psychiatric thriller "The Fate of Pinocchio"!")))))
                      2. +2
                        16 July 2022 20: 32
                        A tragic story of unrequited love. love
                        From the script:
                        "Papa Carlo! Papa Carlo!
                        - What, my little wooden one?
                        - I love Malvina! Drive a carnation...

                        Dad's nails are gone. request
                      3. +5
                        16 July 2022 20: 41
                        What kind of love can an anthropomorphic dendromutant have with a remotely controlled (via visual-thread connection) android?
                      4. +2
                        16 July 2022 21: 01
                        "There are many things in the world, friend Horatio ..." (c))))
                      5. +4
                        16 July 2022 21: 28
                        "Beetle-beetle, carry me home, my legs hurt! Otherwise I'll bite !!!" (C)
                      6. +4
                        17 July 2022 18: 40
                        "Spring cranes are flying: kurly-kurly,
                        Our muzzles blurred in tenderness.

                        Children stomped their feet: woo-shu,
                        The wolves clicked their teeth: now I'll bite "(c)
                      7. +2
                        17 July 2022 18: 57
                        I've never seen cranes...
                      8. +2
                        17 July 2022 19: 55
                        With us, they fly by regularly every spring, but in the fall I have never seen them. smile
                      9. +3
                        17 July 2022 20: 14
                        We have storks mostly, but a little to the south, Poluzhye, Pskov region.
                      10. +2
                        17 July 2022 20: 20
                        But I don’t even remember with storks whether I saw it or not.
                      11. +1
                        18 July 2022 07: 42
                        In Belarus, storks often came across, although there was nothing at all there.

                        And we have in the Kaliningrad region.
                      12. +1
                        18 July 2022 08: 32
                        Good morning, Sergey! smile

                        Now I specifically talked with Masha, she recently saw a heron, and earlier, she says, they lived on our pond, but I don’t remember that I ever saw them. But there are no storks.
                      13. +1
                        18 July 2022 10: 18
                        Good morning, Constantine!
                        The Ryazan region, as far as I understand, is on the border of the range of the white stork.

                        And you can meet a heron in Elk Island.
                      14. +1
                        18 July 2022 12: 13


                        Miracle in feathers, that's what they call it.)))
                      15. +1
                        18 July 2022 12: 19
                        And there are many birds. And people meet.
                      16. +1
                        19 July 2022 03: 55
                        And people meet.


                      17. +1
                        18 July 2022 19: 00
                        heron, stork, crane... How do you tell them apart? In Nizhny Novgorod, on the Volga, some kind of grazing on long legs with long necks .... So they are not domestic, you won’t come close. And from fifty steps I can’t distinguish a Mercedes from a Cossack.
                        I can say one thing - not ostriches, because they fly. what
                      18. 0
                        18 July 2022 19: 40
                        Storks are not very afraid of people. You can get really close.
                        The beak of a stork is longer and heavier than that of a crane.

                        And in flight they are different.

                        Bianchi told about this in his time in the Forest Newspaper.
            2. +6
              16 July 2022 11: 18
              "Hobbits are not only valuable fur, but also thirty or forty kilograms of high-calorie, easily digestible meat!" (FROM)
              1. +3
                16 July 2022 11: 22
                but also thirty to forty kilograms of high-calorie, easily digestible meat! "(C)

                Bdin, but who will eat them!? Brrr....

                1. +3
                  16 July 2022 11: 25
                  Bdin, but who will eat them!?
                  Yes, Lukyanenko had one character ...
                  1. +3
                    16 July 2022 11: 55
                    Lukyanenko? And who is this? I do not know him. request
                    1. +3
                      16 July 2022 12: 27
                      Russian fantasy.
                      1. +3
                        16 July 2022 12: 49
                        It's clear. Is it worth reading?
                      2. +2
                        16 July 2022 12: 58
                        You, I don't know...
                      3. Fat
                        +4
                        16 July 2022 13: 20
                        hi Hello everybody. Anton, Lukyanenko has things not only "for middle and senior school age." Sometimes it seems to me that Sergey Lukyanenko is too productive...
                        However, I liked "Cold Shores" (Sky Seekers), "Dream Line" and "Labyrinth of Reflections". The look of the former psychiatrist doctor is curious and to some extent echoes reformatting of consciousness smile
                      4. +2
                        16 July 2022 13: 43
                        Hello Borisych!
                        I just know my uncle's predilections in science fiction. I think "Dream Line" is the only thing that will suit him.
              2. +2
                16 July 2022 17: 38
                As one classic said: "Life is a way of existence of protein bodies ...". So no need for protein.
                1. 0
                  19 July 2022 18: 09
                  There are squirrels in the eggs and eyes, and squirrels are fast animals. (c) from a children's book
  2. +5
    16 July 2022 06: 51
    Thank you, Vyacheslav Olegovich.

    The provisions of the code of tyrants are relevant on all counts.
    1. +5
      16 July 2022 07: 33
      Authorship is attributed to Aristotle.
      1. +9
        16 July 2022 07: 39
        There are some other great things too, like:

        Make promises of a better life in the future.


        Don't let the worthy advance. Even execute.
        1. +7
          16 July 2022 07: 47
          In general: everything is stolen before us.
          1. +7
            16 July 2022 07: 52
            Or, quite classically:

            What was, it will be; and what has been done will be done, and there is nothing new under the sun.
            There is something that they say: "Look, this is new"; but this was already in the centuries before us.
            1. +3
              16 July 2022 21: 03
              Quote from Korsar4

              What was, it will be; and what has been done will be done, and there is nothing new under the sun.
              There is something that they say: "Look, this is new"; but this was already in the centuries before us.

              And when were those blessed times for ever officials did not take bribes and did not steal from the treasury, and those in power did not oppress the people ???
              recourse
              1. +1
                16 July 2022 23: 16
                I'm not sure that someone will call such a period.

                And the Dyaks did not forget their benefits in their orders.
      2. +3
        16 July 2022 07: 47
        And, as far as I understand, Aristotle of the 30 tyrants, and not Stagirite.
        1. +4
          16 July 2022 07: 50
          Yes, FIG knows, it was the second who described the foundations of various state structures.
          1. +3
            16 July 2022 08: 00
            And the truth is, you really don't get it.

            Probably, if a well-known name is often repeated, then many aphorisms begin to be attributed to it.
            1. +4
              16 July 2022 08: 08
              Yeah, like Bismarck, for example.
              1. +6
                16 July 2022 08: 16
                Moreover, often attributed aphorisms are more popular than indisputable ones.

                And if a couple of thousand more years pass, then we start quoting according to what was quoted.
                1. +2
                  16 July 2022 08: 19
                  "What is a century or half a century in history?
                  On such a scale, they don’t even cry about geniuses "(C)
                  1. +4
                    16 July 2022 08: 34
                    “To live in the world for many years is the third thing.
                    Smoldering whole life with a little head - wild longing.
                    In longing, you can’t take your muzzle from your temple!
                    But sometimes one day is longer than a century.
                    It would be nice to find this day in life!” (With).
                    1. +5
                      16 July 2022 08: 51
                      Everything is ghostly in this raging world.
                      There is only a moment - for him and hold on.
                      There is only a moment between the past and the future.
                      It is he who is called life. "(c)
                      1. +3
                        16 July 2022 09: 54
                        Are you wise in this world? So what?
                        Do you give everyone an example and advice? So what?
                        Up to a hundred years, do you intend to live? I admit
                        Maybe you'll live to two hundred. So what?
                      2. +4
                        16 July 2022 10: 31
                        “In order to live life wisely, you need to know a lot.
                        Two important rules to remember for a start:
                        You better starve, than what horrible there is,
                        And it's better to be alone than with just anyone." (c)
                      3. +2
                        16 July 2022 16: 54
                        You better starve than anything.

                        This grandiloquent nonsense was written by someone who did not starve.
                      4. +3
                        16 July 2022 17: 58
                        This was written by Omar Khayyam. Do you want to compete with him in wisdom?
                      5. +3
                        16 July 2022 18: 16
                        Why is the verbiage of a drunkard who knew no need considered wisdom? Because it sounds good? Following these rules, you will die of hunger alone. Life is more difficult.
                      6. +2
                        16 July 2022 18: 56
                        "You are the only one who finds fun in that,
                        Humiliating people for no reason.
                        Mourn your lot until death
                        And mourn, o fool and fools lord. "(c)
                        O. Khayyam. request
                      7. +2
                        16 July 2022 20: 02
                        You, in your inexpressible wisdom, what did it lead to?
                      8. +4
                        16 July 2022 20: 27
                        I just like this poet, what do you think? belay
                      9. +5
                        16 July 2022 20: 33
                        Obviously bad!
                        That you are prone to alcoholism, adultery and unmotivated aggression.))))
                      10. +3
                        16 July 2022 20: 58
                        Well, you're just like Nikolai, he accuses me of all sins. laughing drinks
                      11. +4
                        16 July 2022 21: 25
                        Kolya has a professional deformation, and I'm just joking.
                      12. +4
                        17 July 2022 18: 32
                        It's good that we are not all gynecologists. laughing

                      13. +3
                        16 July 2022 23: 15
                        Quote: Andrey Moskvin
                        Why is the verbiage of a drunkard who knew no need considered wisdom?

                        In vino veritas
                      14. +2
                        17 July 2022 03: 11
                        Been searching for many years. She's not there sad
                      15. 0
                        19 July 2022 01: 37
                        In vino veritas

                        "And next to the neighboring tables
                        Carpenter's footmen stick out,
                        And drunkards with the eyes of rabbits
                        "In vino veritas!" screaming."
                        This is not some Omar Khayyam wink
              2. +7
                16 July 2022 11: 26
                But in fact, everything was invented by Vasily Osipovich Klyuchevsky laughing
                Hi all!
    2. +5
      16 July 2022 08: 15
      Hello, Sergey!
      It seemed to me that some people took seriously what I wrote. request
      1. +5
        16 July 2022 08: 30
        Hi Constantine!

        Anyone can make a mistake
        1. +3
          16 July 2022 10: 34
          Anyone can make a mistake


          And how !!!laughing wassat fellow

      2. +3
        16 July 2022 09: 51
        It seemed to me that some people took seriously what I wrote.

        Yeah, I didn’t write seriously, but they’ll put it against the wall wassat )))
        1. +6
          16 July 2022 10: 29
          That wall hasn't been built yet. laughing

          1. +2
            16 July 2022 11: 04
            And this is the new art. Everyone can and is worthy to create their own Venus - even in bronze, but even in brick. They say that in Vladivostok they put up such a statue, such as a mother and child, that the notorious "Alyonushka" is resting. Vilimo, by order of the trolls.
            1. +2
              16 July 2022 11: 11
              Alyonushka is resting.


              Well, I don’t know which of them is resting, but the comparison is worthy. wassat

  3. -1
    16 July 2022 07: 56
    Quote: Sea Cat
    Vyacheslav, thanks! Interesting and well written. good
    The code recommended that the tyrant wage war or prepare for it, since in this case the role of the sole power increases dramatically; then build buildings to give people income, organize holidays to give people the opportunity to drink it away, and besides, “merry and drunk people do not plan evil”; and... keep spies in order to know exactly what is really being said about you.


    What a blessing that we do not live in Sparta! bully

    Well, actually, the social system has changed since then. And what used to be in the order of things, for example, slavery, is now savagery. But the wars have not gone away. And the big empires of pre-Christianity have all sunk into oblivion. .Degeneration of the ruling class
    1. +3
      16 July 2022 10: 14
      For example, slavery is now savagery.

      Are you sure that the then, say, Lacedaemonian helots differed so much in position from the current mortgage holders? what
      1. +3
        16 July 2022 10: 38
        Quote: paul3390
        For example, slavery is now savagery.

        Are you sure that the then, say, Lacedaemonian helots differed so much in position from the current mortgage holders? what

        Mortgages are voluntary.
      2. +8
        16 July 2022 10: 51
        Quote: paul3390
        so much

        Very much. Cryptocurrencies do not threaten mortgage holders.
        1. +3
          16 July 2022 10: 58
          As long as they pay... wink
      3. +2
        16 July 2022 14: 35
        Shaw? Today's mortgagers can also be killed like helots?
        1. +2
          16 July 2022 17: 20
          Quote: Alexey Sedykin
          Shaw? Today's mortgagers can also be killed like helots?

          Well, if they're collectors, then...
  4. +4
    16 July 2022 08: 33
    Looks like Apia was very thin wassat )))
  5. 0
    16 July 2022 10: 11
    The gopnik state has sunk into oblivion.
  6. +10
    16 July 2022 10: 24
    _As we know, in ancient Greece there was even a special “code of tyrants”, that is, “rules of conduct”, aimed at staying in power longer._
    “There was no “code of tyrants” and no recommendations in ancient Greece. There was Aristotle’s treatise on the state “Politics”, written approximately between 330 and 320 BC, in which Aristotle outlined his vision of political philosophy and his vision of the public-state ideal In the fifth book of the treatise, Aristotle analyzes the causes of conflicts in the state and characterizes tyranny, describes its signs. Aristotle was very negative about tyranny." ©
    1. +1
      16 July 2022 10: 54
      Someone's vision, which has become known to many, acquires the power of an opinion, an opinion can be clothed in a variety of forms, for someone in the form of a set of rules, and a set of rules is a code!
      1. +2
        16 July 2022 14: 38
        Quote: kalibr
        Someone's vision, which has become known to many, acquires the power of an opinion, an opinion can be clothed in a variety of forms, for someone in the form of a set of rules, and a set of rules is a code!

        But Aristotle lived already at the end of the era of Polis Greece ... and many tyrants were simply not able to appreciate this work.
      2. +1
        16 July 2022 21: 10
        Quote: kalibr
        Someone's vision, which has become known to many, acquires the power of an opinion, an opinion can be clothed in a variety of forms, for someone in the form of a set of rules, and a set of rules is a code!
        Roman "code of the tyrant" - "Meal'n'Real !!!" good
  7. +2
    16 July 2022 12: 15
    Something suddenly occurred to me: the easiest way to reformat consciousness is by changing reality. For matter is primary and "being determines consciousness", and not vice versa.
    Attempts to instill some new thoughts in people and, thereby, change reality (for the better, of course!), expose the authors of these attempts as purely idealists.
    In short, people, create the right conditions and the ideas you need will arise by themselves!
    smile
    1. +3
      16 July 2022 15: 19
      Quote: Trilobite Master
      create the right conditions and the ideas you need will arise by themselves!

      +++++++++++++++!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
  8. +1
    16 July 2022 14: 19
    Interestingly, what is the reformatting of consciousness? For the actions of Nabis, in general, do not stand out too much from the actions of other ancient Greek tyrants. Most of them have always relied on the middle class and the poor. And they actively destroyed the oligarchy and wealthy citizens or subjects ...
    1. +2
      16 July 2022 17: 29
      Quote: Alexey Sedykin
      and what is the reformatting of consciousness?

      The fact that the structure of Spartan society has changed, and after that the worldview of the Spartans has changed.
      1. +2
        16 July 2022 22: 10
        It didn’t have time to change ... Rome conquered them and it just didn’t matter what worldview they had there ... those who survived.
        1. +4
          16 July 2022 23: 17
          Quote: Alexey Sedykin
          Didn't have time to change.

          Successfully and the author noticed it.
          the liberated helots replaced the Spartiate hoplites. With a completely different outlook.
  9. +1
    16 July 2022 14: 46
    understanding how and how the former "splendor" ended is the most useful material from history. useful and instructive, if one who reads is still capable of conclusions. Thanks author
  10. +2
    16 July 2022 17: 24
    That's what has always interested me. In all the pictures, the hoplites have a beautiful crest on the Corinthian helmet of something bristly on top and something hard on the bottom (where this bristle is attached). But in none of the museum photographs of a real helmet, I see seats on it for attaching this crest. No rivet holes, no dovetail, no Picatinny rail... How so?
  11. +3
    16 July 2022 18: 30
    Quote: Sea Cat
    What a blessing that we do not live in Sparta!

    Then everyone would be "brought on a shield." How did the Soviet Union differ from
    Sparta from the time of the laws of Lycurgus? The same "Sissitia" in the workers' canteens.
    Read "Anabasis" by Xenophon about the actions of the Spartan hoplites.
    Read Plutarch's Comparative Lives. Remember the battle
    under Leuctra and Epaminondas of Boeotia. Philamenon.
    Sparta's economy overstrained "on successful wars" and on the premise
    mercenaries.
  12. +1
    16 July 2022 18: 34
    Quote: Sea Cat
    What a blessing that we do not live in Sparta!

    Then everyone would be "brought on a shield." How did the Soviet Union differ from
    Sparta from the time of the laws of Lycurgus? The same "Sissitia" in the workers' canteens.
    Read "Anabasis" by Xenophon about the actions of the Spartan hoplites.
    Read Plutarch's Comparative Lives. Remember the battle
    under Leuctra and Epaminondas of Boeotia. Philamenon. Film two
    I didn’t look at the Three Hundred Spartans. And I don’t advise you.
    Sparta's economy overstrained "on successful wars" and on the premise
    mercenaries with slaves-helots.
  13. 0
    18 July 2022 07: 13
    The first helmet on top is a crude fake. The rest have a chance to be real.
  14. 0
    18 July 2022 09: 48
    So there was a migration of people and cities arose on the northern coast of the Black Sea. And we are part of this history and that's good.

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