The adventures of the "ancient proto-Ukrainians"

63

Where did "Ukrainians" and "Ukrainian language" come from? After the collapse of the USSR, independent ideologists and "historians" immediately had the most fantastic hypotheses about the "ancient Ukrainians" and the most ancient language in the world.

And the official Kyiv just stole history Russia and the Russian people, declaring the existence of an alleged "Ukraine-Rus". Allegedly, the history of Kievan, Chernihiv and Galicia-Volyn Rus is the history of "Ukraine-Rus", which has nothing to do with the history of Muscovy.



"Protoukry"


After the collapse of the USSR, when classical history and culture went under demolition, the most fantastic ideas and hypotheses flourished. Some Ukrainian "historians" have agreed that their civilization was created by extraterrestrial civilizations!

Such statements began to disperse en masse: “the Ukrainian language is one of the oldest in the world”; "Ukrainian became the basis for Sanskrit"; "Ukrainian language is antediluvian, the language of Noah, the most ancient language in the world." It was also argued that Ukrainian mythology is allegedly the oldest in the world, all Indo-European mythologies allegedly originated from it, and all Indo-European languages ​​were allegedly created on the basis of the Ukrainian language.

The adventures of the "ancient proto-Ukrainians"

For example, political scientist V. Bebik agreed that under the influence of Ukrainians, the civilization of Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece (“Ukraine-Hellas”) was allegedly formed. The worker of the Lviv University I. Los noted that under the influence of the Ukrainians the civilization of the Sumerians allegedly developed in Mesopotamia, and allegedly it was the Ukrainians who settled in India under the name of "Aryans". Other Ukrainian authors identified the legendary prince Kiy with Attila, Ukrainians with the Scythians, Pelasgians, Etruscans and the inhabitants of Troy. "Ukrainians", in their opinion, created the alphabet, invented the wheel and built the ark.

It is clear that there is always a category of "village fools", "city madmen" who write self-made brochures, share their discoveries on the Internet. However, the problem is that such ideas and theories are promoted by quite official academicians, professors, political scientists who teach at the leading universities of Ukraine, and appear on TV programs. Their opuses are printed in large numbers, often at the expense of the state, they are invited to television.

Ukrainians, according to this myth, either always existed and were called that, or they write about some “proto-Ukrainians”. This term was introduced by the Polish pan Tadeusz Chatsky back in the middle of the 1991th century. They say that modern Ukrainians supposedly originated from the “proto-Ukrainians”. However, earlier even the most ardent Ukrainophiles, like Professor Mikhail Grushevsky, the author of the fundamental "History of Ukraine-Rus", disdained this term. But since XNUMX, the mythical "Ukrainians" have been remembered again.

It is interesting that often Ukrainian ideologists and "historians" simply appropriate the history of Russia and Rus-Russians. By this they denigrate, discredit the true history of Russia and the Rus. For example, they assign the history of the Rus-Scythians, Tauro-Scythians. In this regard, Ukrainian nationalists are following the path of the German Nazis. In Nazi Germany, they also intensively searched for their origins and roots, tried to find the ancient history of the Germans, to show that the Germans and the ancient Indo-European Aryans are one and the same.

As a result, they dug up that all the ancient German cities and villages stand on Slavic Russian settlements. In particular, Berlin is the city of "bera" (bear - the image of the ancient Bera-Vela-Veles). They found out that in anthropological and linguistic terms, the Russians, whom they considered "subhuman", are closer to the Aryans-Indo-Europeans than the Germans. Like the Russian language itself, unlike German, which was formed only in recent centuries.

Thus, the current “Ukrainian Reich” is, in all respects, including ideology, a miserable, underdeveloped copy of the Third Reich. In a word, a chimera, an unrealizable, completely artificial and unnatural idea.

"Ukraine-Rus"


Ukrainian separatists do not want to have anything to do with Russians. Therefore, they abandoned the concept prevailing in the USSR that “Eastern Slavs” lived in Kievan Rus, and a few centuries later “three fraternal peoples” descended from them - Russians, Ukrainians and Belarusians. In "independent" Ukraine, a bunch of all kinds of hypotheses have appeared - from space settlers "ukrov", allegedly coming from the lost Atlantis, to "protoukrov", allegedly founding almost all ancient civilizations.

The Russians there were generally refused to be recognized as “brother Slavs”. Ukrainian authors adopted the theory, invented back in Poland, that “Muscovites-Muscovites” are a mixture of Finno-Ugric tribes with Mongols, in which there is practically no Slavic blood left. This is how the "Russians" appeared - aggressive, bloodthirsty and prone to despotism and slavery. Allegedly, the “Muscovites” stole the name “Rus” and “Rus”, and at the same time the script from the Ukrainians.

True, as has been noted more than once, medieval Byzantine, Arabic, Western European and Russian sources do not know any "Ukrainians" and "Ukraine". But they know "Rus", "Russian land", "Rus-Roses", "Russians". After all, it is undeniable that in the vast expanse from Hungary, the Czech Republic and Poland in the west, from the Russian (Black) Sea in the south to the Breathing (Arctic) Ocean in the north and the lands of the Finno-Ugric tribes in the east, there lived a single people with a single language, script, faith and culture - Russians-Russians. Galicians, Kievans, Chernihivs, Pereyaslavtsy, Novgorodians, Suzdalians - they were all one people, Russians.

What language was spoken in Ancient Russia in the XNUMXth-XNUMXth centuries? Naturally, ostensibly in Ukrainian, say the independents. But the problem is that irrefutable documents and evidence have remained since that time: books, birch bark letters, inscriptions on icons, walls of temples, dishes, various “graffiti”. No hint of language! All inscriptions are made in Old Russian. Written documents reflected the living language of the Russian population of Russia. In Kyiv, Vladimir-Volynsky, Galich, Smolensk and Kyiv they spoke and wrote the same language.


And the newly minted independent "historians" go further and prove that allegedly in "Ukraine-Rus" there were two languages ​​- spoken (Ukrainian) and written (Old Russian, Church Slavonic). Like, people allegedly spoke one language, and wrote in another. Here is another nonsense of Ukrainianizers.

The presence of the Old Russian language is beyond doubt. Many texts in Russian have been preserved. At the same time, not a single ancient, reliable document in the Ukrainian language is known to science.

In fact, "ukromova" appeared only in the XNUMXth-XNUMXth centuries. due to the Polonization of the Russian language. In fact, the “Ukrainian language” is nothing but the result of the Polish occupation, when the Russian language in southwestern Russia was subjected to artificial Polonization and forcibly Polonized.
Our news channels

Subscribe and stay up to date with the latest news and the most important events of the day.

63 comments
Information
Dear reader, to leave comments on the publication, you must sign in.
  1. +37
    12 March 2022 03: 00
    Recently, British scientists have deciphered the cuneiform writing on the clay tablets of the ancient Sumerians. According to these tablets, it turns out that the ancient Aryans - Ukrainians dug out the Black Sea for planting cybuls and tomatoes on this site. It was the same blessed Eden described in the Bible. The land seized from the pit went to the mound of Glory in honor of the Great Ukrainian people. Now this mound is called the Caucasus Mountains.
    10 thousand years ago, out of envy, the damned Muscovites destroyed the gateway at the site of the current Bosphorus Strait and the entire Ukrainian garden was flooded. So because of the cursed Muscovite snake, the first Ukrainians Adam and Eve were expelled from Paradise, and Eden itself perished forever. Based on the foregoing, the Muscovites must compensate for the moral and material damage for these 10 thousand years and all the losses of Ukraine associated with the flooding of the Black Sea basin. Presumably reparations should be at least $1000.000.000.000.000. Many in Ukraine are already preparing bags for folding bucks..
    1. +17
      12 March 2022 05: 26
      Quote: Old electrician
      Adam and Eve

      Take it deep: Jesusenko was the first Ukrainian fellow
      1. +14
        12 March 2022 08: 24
        Jokes are jokes, but ours also suffer from this madness. It can be seen that the Ukrainians have bitten. And among the alternatives, we have the view that all ancient inscriptions are read in Russian (and they make a note that, it turns out, it’s still in modern!), Sanskrit also came from Russian, the Slavs flew from space either 2 million, or 2 billion years back, etc.
        And there are those who really believe in it!
        1. +6
          12 March 2022 08: 59
          Quote: Infinity
          really believe in it!

          Whoever believes in what much .... But nothing is known for certain, so a wide flight of fantasies opens up ... Let them believe, decorating the dullness of being. hi
        2. +4
          12 March 2022 22: 46
          Quote: Infinity
          Jokes are jokes, but ours also suffer from this madness.

          So one people! laughing
          1. +2
            17 March 2022 19: 59
            Proto-Muscovites and dill - brothers forever! bully

            PS: I am equally disgusted by the "Azovites" and the "Barkashovites". This is the same side of the coin.
        3. +7
          13 March 2022 00: 09
          Quote: Infinity
          And there are those who really believe in it!
          1. +2
            15 March 2022 08: 35
            Ukraine of the Jurassic period and dill.
            1. +1
              17 March 2022 19: 53
              Moreover, dill has evolved and now does not differ from a real wide Ukrainian laughing
        4. +3
          13 March 2022 13: 03
          Quote: Infinity
          the Slavs flew in from outer space either 2 million or 2 billion years ago, etc.

          and can I have an address, "homeland" and how to order a taxi from a hotel?!!! feel
        5. +3
          15 March 2022 17: 25
          Quote: Infinity
          Jokes are jokes, but ours also suffer from this madness.

          Wow! In every ancient Tartary and the chronology from the Creation of the World in the Star Temple, which marked the victory over China and the construction of the Great Wall to protect the Great Tprtaria from the Chinese Barbarians! And by the way, not only Black, but also the Caspian and Baikal are flooded quarries from the ancient mine workings of the Great Tartary !!! Well, all languages, including Sanskrit, originated from Russian!
          1. 0
            17 March 2022 19: 56
            In fairness, Comrade Samonov also suffers from this game ...
          2. 0
            13 May 2022 02: 30
            But we don't teach it in schools. Only on Rentv
      2. +5
        15 March 2022 05: 17
        A first-grader from a Ukrainian school approaches his father.
        - Tato, the teacher told us that all people are descended from monkeys. It's true?
        - Yes, son. For example, the Armenians descended from the monkey Makakyan. Georgians are descended from the monkey Shimpanidze. The Jews descended from the monkey Aron Gutan. The Russians are descended from the monkey Gavrilla.
        - Tato, and we, Ukrainians, from which monkey did we come?
        - We, son, are a very ancient people and did not come from any monkey. All monkeys are descended from us.
        1. +2
          15 March 2022 07: 36
          Quote: Nagan
          all monkeys are descended from us.

          hi Why! good
        2. +1
          17 March 2022 09: 31
          wassat Aron Gutan
  2. +7
    12 March 2022 03: 22
    I remember reading the history of Ukraine over beer and nuts! It was fun, I almost fell under the chair! But this just killed me:
    In "independent" Ukraine, a bunch of all kinds of hypotheses appeared - from space settlers "ukrov", allegedly coming from the dead Atlantis

    wink
  3. +10
    12 March 2022 05: 21
    Some Ukrainian "historians" have agreed that their civilization was created by extraterrestrial civilizations!


  4. +9
    12 March 2022 05: 41
    "In reality, the "Ukrainian language" is nothing more than the result of the Polish occupation, when the Russian language in southwestern Russia was artificially Polonized and forcibly Polonized" © - In principle, not only the language was "Polishized", but also consciousness. Ukrainians are similar to Poles, though not quite. There is a lot of ambition, but when it comes down to it - oops.
  5. +10
    12 March 2022 05: 52
    In fact, the “Ukrainian language” is nothing but the result of the Polish occupation, when the Russian language in southwestern Russia was subjected to artificial Polonization and forcibly Polonized.

    One of my acquaintances at the Polytechnic University told me how in the early nineties they decided in Ukraine to transfer the teaching of technical disciplines to the language. They rushed - but technical terms and just a lot of words in their language simply do not exist.
    They thought, thought, and then they took the Russian-Polish Polytechnic Dictionary, and began to take Polish words from there. They will take the word, slightly distort it, and put it into circulation. This is how the technical Ukrainian language was "enriched" in the 1990s. The Polish language was used as a "donor".
    By the way, Kuchma ao won the presidential election for the second time only because he promised the people of the southeast of Ukraine to make Russian the second state language, and a lot of people voted for him.
    And then at meetings people began to ask him - they say, Leonid Danilych, where is the promised? To which he replied that now there are more important things. At the same time, he himself spoke Russian in life, grimacing only on the podium or on TV.
    If earlier the Poles forcibly Polonized the Russian people, then centuries later anti-Russians appeared, who began to Polonize other Russians. Neither the Poles nor the Austrians are needed today, it turned out to be like a vampire bite.
    1. +4
      12 March 2022 06: 42
      Quote: Comrade
      By the way, Kuchma ao won the presidential election for the second time only because he promised the people of the southeast of Ukraine to make Russian the second state language, and a lot of people voted for him.

      Yanukovych also used similar promises.
      1. +10
        12 March 2022 10: 35
        In Sevastopol, all the election campaign thrown into the boxes was strictly in Russian. That is, how to agitate - they know and remember Russian, they do not forget to give out promises to make Russian state.
        In general, a typical fraud of the voter. In different regions of Ukraine, the parties used different theses, promised DIFFERENT things in the east and in the west, one and the same party, one and the same candidate. Ukraine all these years was in the hands of unscrupulous people and it was stupidly manipulated to achieve their goals.
        Ukraine is entwined with a real web of lies, and now generations of people have grown up on this soil. As they say, you don’t need a knife for a fool, you’ll lie to him from three boxes, and do what you like with him.
    2. +3
      12 March 2022 08: 34
      Quote: Comrade
      At the same time, he himself spoke Russian in life, grimacing only on the podium or on TV
      It's no joke, but Poroshenko and Zelensky suffered the same. In Gunpowder, as it turned out in 2019, we don’t know his native son (but she is “in his soul”).
    3. The comment was deleted.
  6. +2
    12 March 2022 06: 15
    It is clear that these are pseudoscientific theories, but I wonder what they give in the school curriculum?
  7. +10
    12 March 2022 06: 38
    "Ukrainian Reich - in all respects, including ideology, a miserable, underdeveloped copy of the Third Reich."
    Quote - V. Korolenko: "Of all nationalisms, Ukrainian is the most sham."
  8. +5
    12 March 2022 06: 57
    For example, political scientist V. Bebik agreed that under the influence of Ukrainians, the civilization of Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece was allegedly formed

    It's one thing when they fool schoolchildren. But even adult elderly people are led to this bullshit. One pensioner from Ukraine proved to me that they had the first constitution written. It was written by the Cossack Pylyp Orlik, after whom the French airport Orly was named. laughing
  9. +1
    12 March 2022 06: 58
    "... there were two languages ​​- spoken (Ukrainian) and written (Old Russian, Church Slavonic). Like, people allegedly spoke one language, but wrote in another ..." (c) Just like me. I read about the nonsense of Ukrainian "historians" and write in "written", commenting to myself in "colloquial" Russian. winked If I wrote what I say, they would be banned. laughing
  10. -1
    12 March 2022 07: 07
    Yes, all the enemies of the communists who seized the republics of the USSR have the same thing.
    They perfectly understand what they are and what they have done, therefore, and for the sake of profit in their anti-Soviet / Russophobia, in order to justify their seizure of the USSR, in order to cowardly blame others for what they did with the republics they captured The USSR and their peoples, they falsified both the history of the Russian Empire, and the history of the Soviet period and their anti-Soviet-Russophobic.
    1. 0
      13 March 2022 13: 05
      Quote: tatra
      Yes, all the enemies of the communists who seized the republics of the USSR have the same thing.

      you have the same
      the worst thing is that you and others like you manage to screw up even VERY good ideas
  11. +1
    12 March 2022 07: 35
    In fact, the “Ukrainian language” is nothing but the result of the Polish occupation, when the Russian language in southwestern Russia was subjected to artificial Polonization and forcibly Polonized.
    Well, not quite like that, it’s enough to hear the language of our church in order to understand where it came from
    1. +1
      12 March 2022 10: 52
      There are many Polish borrowings, there are none in Church Slavonic.
      If Polish and German borrowings are removed from the Ukrainian language, only pure Russian will remain.
      1. +1
        12 March 2022 17: 33
        Quote: BastaKarapuzikI
        If Polish and German borrowings are removed from the Ukrainian language, only pure Russian will remain.

        I can give you a lot of words from the Ukrainian language, which are no longer used in Russian ... and they are not Polish or German.
        Here is an example, in Russian there is a word "SURNAME", it is not Russian, but has a Franco-German origin (French German family, family). And earlier in Russian it was replaced by the word "Nickname"
        Reading Dahl:
        "V.I. Dal in the" Big Illustrated Explanatory Dictionary "explains the word" surname "as follows: Surname. 1. Family, family// 2. Genus, knee, generation, tribe, blood, ancestors and offspring. (noble family) //3. Nickname, family name."
        And now let's look at how "Surname" sounds in Ukrainian: "Prizvische"
        And in Polish "Nazwisko"
        Well, where is he closer?
        1. 0
          13 March 2022 00: 09
          key is no longer used.
          1. +1
            13 March 2022 04: 30
            Quote: BastaKarapuzikI
            key is no longer used.

            Yes, the Russian language has changed and developed very much, at least since the time of Pushkin, but the Ukrainian language has been “mothballed”, but the fact that these languages ​​​​come from a single root and their separation, by the standards of history, happened not long ago, this is a fact.
            And yet, the "old language" still remains in Russian villages, but also, with the advent of TV, it is leaving very quickly
  12. +7
    12 March 2022 07: 43
    And what does this article have to do with the History section? Opinion is the place. Yes, and it should be said that in many republics, after the collapse of the USSR, there were a lot of no less "wonderful" discoveries. Yes, and in Russia there are similar historians .. In particular, Petukhov and others .. One "discovery" of Tartaria, what is it worth
  13. +6
    12 March 2022 07: 58
    Why is the author dissatisfied with his brothers in mind?
    Why are protoukry worse than Russians?
  14. +7
    12 March 2022 08: 46
    There was already a similar article.

    Who is he referring to? "political scientist V. Bebik", "Activist ... I. Los", "Pan Tadeusz Chatsky back in the middle of the XNUMXth century", "like Professor Mikhail Grushevsky, .... they disdained this term" and that's all ..

    In general, breaking news. With difficulty, they found a few outcasts, and happily describe them.
    Although there are much more such outcasts, such as "Etrurussians are Russians", we have much more ...
    1. +2
      12 March 2022 09: 07
      Only these outcasts are not being elevated to the rank of national politics.
      1. +2
        12 March 2022 09: 14
        They tried, about 15 years ago.
        And Ukraine, just in terms of the development of society, is so lagging behind. Those ideas that hovered there until the age of 14 - we had them in the 90s-00s

        If "raised to the rank of national politics" - real professors, historians, archaeologists would be cited as an example, and not a "political scientist", of whom the Russian media are fucking lured
  15. 0
    12 March 2022 09: 06
    In that year (954) Hero won a glorious victory over the Slavs, who are called Ukrainians.
    Widukind of Corvey, "Deeds of the Saxons"
    1. 0
      12 March 2022 18: 57
      And the funny thing is that some individuals from the beautiful Ukrainian people simply do not notice the difference between Ukrainians and Ukrainians.
    2. 0
      13 March 2022 17: 51
      Quote: Fedorovich
      In that year (954) Hero won a glorious victory over the Slavs, who are called Ukrainians.

      They were called not Ukrainians, but Ukrainians or Ukrainians, after the name of the river, which modern Germans call the Ucker, and the Uckermark region in Pomerania.
      1. 0
        13 March 2022 19: 30
        But this is for the forum engine, please, and for stupid autocorrect.
      2. 0
        14 March 2022 00: 58
        Mikhail Zadornov - About Ukrov and Rarog
  16. +1
    12 March 2022 10: 57
    Let's recognize Ukrainians as a separate branch of evolution ..)))
  17. +1
    12 March 2022 11: 16
    Quote: ILIA
    Let's recognize Ukrainians as a separate branch of evolution ..)))

    Tupikova
  18. +4
    12 March 2022 11: 39
    The "alternative" always has a lot of fans. Fomenko and Nosovsky also have a big flock.
    Well, people like to feel involved in secret knowledge!
  19. 0
    12 March 2022 12: 23
    And why is it interesting to these things forbidden by God, not who-would-a-would be drawn to, but our all respected priests.
  20. +3
    12 March 2022 17: 09
    At the beginning of the XNUMXs, I read on a Ukrainian site that Homer wrote poems in Ukrainian, and Adam and Eve were Ukrainians. In the comments to this "discovery" of Ukrainian scientists, I then wrote the following:
    I don't know how Adam. but Eva was definitely Ukrainian!
    after all, only a Ukrainian woman could give herself for an apple, especially one already bitten by a snake
    1. +1
      12 March 2022 19: 02
      after all, only a Ukrainian woman could give herself for an apple, especially one already bitten by a snake

      I heard this joke back in the XNUMX's. A French woman gave herself for an apple, but at the end of the joke, all the debaters agreed that Adam and Eve were Russians - "Only Russians could live starving, sit with their bare bottoms on a cold stone and consider that they are happy."
      Not a word was said about the Ukrainians.
  21. +5
    12 March 2022 17: 32
    Samsonov, you are exactly the same representative of "folk history", as well as lovers of proto-Ukrainians. And there is no difference between you at all.
  22. +3
    12 March 2022 22: 59
    Well, the Ukrainians were definitely Native Americans. Listen: Stepanchuk, Yurashchuk, Chingachgook .. So the United States is simply obliged to return the lads to their historical homeland ..
  23. 0
    13 March 2022 07: 54
    About science in general and about Brito-Ukrainian science in particular.
    First Corinthians chapter 13 verse 8 says that knowledge will be abolished. This word in modern Russian means disappear. However, earlier the meaning was different: it will become idle, i.e. empty.
    So let them look for the Higgs bosons and write the history of the creation of the universe by proto-Ukrainians.
    hi
  24. +1
    13 March 2022 10: 20
    As for the origin of European languages ​​from Ukrainian. There is a theory about the existence of a Proto-language in antiquity, from which all modern Indo-European languages ​​later descended. The only question is which of the modern languages ​​of the Indo-European family is closest to that Proto-language.
    I had to read from Russian authors that such a language is Russian. Some people think it's Sanskrit. In Ukraine, it is now fashionable to believe (for purely political reasons) that the Ukrainian language has retained the basis of that parent language.
  25. +1
    13 March 2022 10: 25
    And more about the antiquity of ukrov. Look for information about Kamennaya Mohyla (archaeological monument in the south of Ukraine, now this territory is most likely already occupied by ours). There, writings written in Sumerian cuneiform were allegedly found on the stones, but much earlier than the appearance of Sumer, even when mammoths walked there (images of either bulls or mammoths are also present). A very fashionable theme among dill patriots since the 80s!
    1. +1
      13 March 2022 11: 33
      I recommend reading Gennady Stanislavovich Grinevich: "PRO-SLAVIC WRITING (results of decoding)". I read it in paper form, but it is also available on the Internet. https://www.rulit.me/books/praslavyanskaya-pismennost-resultaty-deshifrovki-read-395541-1.html
  26. 0
    13 March 2022 13: 00
    The worker of Lviv University I. Los noted
    and that says it all, moose, just moose...
  27. +1
    13 March 2022 18: 24
    I wonder who is older than the ancient Ukrainians or the ancient Armenians who also say almost the same thing?
  28. 0
    15 March 2022 18: 24
    Oparenko's theory - ukrocervate drops, ukrfusoria slipper ... wassat
  29. 0
    18 March 2022 18: 14
    There is a rare book "Memory" by V. Chivilikhin, which outlines the history of Russia. It can and should be made a history textbook for young people. After reading it, you see what nonsense the history of the country has become in the hands of pseudo-historians.
  30. -1
    1 May 2022 16: 50
    to the author - if this is not satire, then the mention of the name of the baby, elk, they forgot one more flaw - paly, there is an inappropriate action. The problem of "Ukrainianism" is its genetic anti-statehood. Who does not believe, dive into the history of this territory. The modern problem of "Ukrainianism" is a montage of history. And not historians, because a self-respecting one will not get into it. The conclusion is to try, how do you expose a baby from a historical platform, this is a humiliation of the science of history, not even the most
  31. 0
    6 May 2022 08: 59
    I will buy an ancient Ukrainian coin, before the Christian era, FOR EXPENSIVE! Payment in rubles ......
  32. 0
    5 June 2022 20: 37
    Everything is right with the author

"Right Sector" (banned in Russia), "Ukrainian Insurgent Army" (UPA) (banned in Russia), ISIS (banned in Russia), "Jabhat Fatah al-Sham" formerly "Jabhat al-Nusra" (banned in Russia) , Taliban (banned in Russia), Al-Qaeda (banned in Russia), Anti-Corruption Foundation (banned in Russia), Navalny Headquarters (banned in Russia), Facebook (banned in Russia), Instagram (banned in Russia), Meta (banned in Russia), Misanthropic Division (banned in Russia), Azov (banned in Russia), Muslim Brotherhood (banned in Russia), Aum Shinrikyo (banned in Russia), AUE (banned in Russia), UNA-UNSO (banned in Russia), Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar people (banned in Russia), Legion “Freedom of Russia” (armed formation, recognized as terrorist in the Russian Federation and banned), Kirill Budanov (included to the Rosfinmonitoring list of terrorists and extremists)

“Non-profit organizations, unregistered public associations or individuals performing the functions of a foreign agent,” as well as media outlets performing the functions of a foreign agent: “Medusa”; "Voice of America"; "Realities"; "Present time"; "Radio Freedom"; Ponomarev Lev; Ponomarev Ilya; Savitskaya; Markelov; Kamalyagin; Apakhonchich; Makarevich; Dud; Gordon; Zhdanov; Medvedev; Fedorov; Mikhail Kasyanov; "Owl"; "Alliance of Doctors"; "RKK" "Levada Center"; "Memorial"; "Voice"; "Person and law"; "Rain"; "Mediazone"; "Deutsche Welle"; QMS "Caucasian Knot"; "Insider"; "New Newspaper"