Homeworld (CIV13)

9
Do you remember the world of George Orwell's novel - his famous "1984"?
A world in which the simple phrases "War is peace", "Freedom is slavery" and "Ignorance is power" have been hammered into the minds of people since childhood by massive propaganda efforts? The world with five minutes of hatred, total surveillance, caste parties, newspeak; a world in which dissent and any sensible position that does not coincide with the official point of view, was considered a thought crime?

The world in which the three mortal enemies - Oceania, Eurasia and Ostasia - endlessly and aimlessly dispute each other's hegemony over the whole world?

Homeworld (CIV13)

Orwell, 1984


The world in which another immortal phrase sounds:

"Who controls the past controls the future. Who controls the present controls the past."

Any fictional world has its reflection in our reality. Orwell has it.
And, if the security cameras in the square named after J. Orwell in Barcelona only remind of where the modern West has gone down with its “Big Brother, who always looks at you” and, in general, are harmless (although the ironic parallels are ironic) then the real prototype of the world of Orwell in reality is much more sinister.

Let's start with another, much less well-known phrase. She sounded in reality much earlier than the phrase of Orwell and was spoken in a very respected and well-known place:

"Who rules the Heartland Pivot Area commands. Who rules the World Island commands the World Island. Who rules the World Island commands the World".

Startled by the similarities?

Then look at another, much less well-known than the Orwellian, map of the world:


Mackinder, 1904


This is a map of the British geographer and historian Halford John McKinder, published in his report to the British Royal Geographical Society 25 in January 1904 (report, of course, strongly recommended for independent reading and awareness).

It was in this report that the concepts of Hearthland ("Middle Earth"), Pivot area ("Key Region") and Inner and Outer Crescent ("Internal and External Crescent") were first derived.
As a matter of fact, the Mackinder report on the fact only explicitly comprehends the meaning and content of the real policy of European countries and the United States in relation to World Island (“World Island”), that is, our home with you - Eurasia.

Eurasia and Oceania fought in our real world much earlier than the time when Air Force journalist George Orwell decided in 1943, in Great Britain at war with the Germans, to write his own artistic reflection of this century-long confrontation between Great Sushi and the Eternal Ocean.
The meaning of the Great Game of England against Russia in the XIX century, reflected and clothed in a clear scientific (as far as possible in the natural sciences) form in the MKKINDER report in 1904, was precisely this - to lock the Eurasian player within his close, by any means, cold and uncomfortable continental "cells", pressing it as much as possible to the cold Arctic Ocean.

Block Eurasia, lock all exits from the Middle Earth with locks!

That is, as often happens in the natural sciences - "from observation of the nature of phenomena and their systematization - scientific conclusions follow." What Disraeli did in practice, intuitively and based on his own feelings (“Our troops Muscovites should be forced out of Central Asia and thrown into the Caspian Sea!”), Mackinder only clothe his short phrase.

Do you think something has changed in the impetuous and turbulent twentieth century? Mackinder talked about the rivers and railways of Eurasia, Disraeli struggled with Russian infantry columns, marching through Central Asia, but after all, in the twentieth century, supersonic aircraft, aircraft carriers, spaceships, nuclear icebreakers and intercontinental missiles already appeared in the world!

No, the essence of geopolitics of Oceania against Eurasia remains the same as during the century of steam and coal. Meet Nicholas Spikeman's Arc Land:


Nicholas Spykmen map, from the book "American strategy in world politics", 1942 year.


Orwell is still writing his prophetic "1984", and the ideas of the struggle of Oceania against Eurasia are again on the agenda. In academic works. Nicholas Spykmen picks up Mackinder's ideas about the "blockade of Eurasia" and introduces the concept of Rimland ("Arc Land"). It seems to be similar to Mackinder's “Inner Crescent”, but Spykman’s idea is completely different.

The blockades of Eurasia are not enough! Oceania must advance, Oceania must actively squeeze Eurasia everywhere on the megacontinent:

"Who controls the Rimland rules Eurasia. Who rules Eurasia controls the destinies of the world."

The work of Nicholas Spykmen is a guide to action. Spykmen argues with Mackinder, and with another prominent geopolitical theorist - Alfred Mahen, whose ideas in fact guided America throughout the nineteenth century and the entire first half of the twentieth century.

This is the concept of isolationism and sea power. Like Mackinder, Mahen proposes to de facto block Eurasia - but only in a different way, with “sea power”. Like the ideas of Mackinder, Mahen’s ideas are a reflection of the real US policy towards the world over the previous period, with all its failures and successes. Again, this is "a systematic experience reflected in scientific findings."

The policy of American isolationism is based on the fact that the External Crescent is less involved in interaction with Eurasia. During the short run, he may feel self-sufficient and independent. However, the power of the megacontinent still puts pressure on the whole world, simply the Inner Crescent, for which Mackinder spoke and thought, feels this force more visibly and weightier than the Outer, which was the ideologue of Mahen.

The American policy of isolationism, which began with the Monroe Doctrine in 1823, is experiencing the first blow during the wars of the early twentieth century. America is lagging behind, she has to jump on the bandwagon of the "departing train" of the world stories - first by unisexing their compadors during the Civil War, and then, as a matter of fact, by the willful decision of the elites, first unleashing the US-Spanish war, and then taking part in the last battles of the First World War.

The isolationists win the brief world again, after the First World War. "Peace for our generation" in Europe - Washington agreements on the limitation of naval armaments - for the United States.

All over Pearl Harbor. Already in the 1942 year, it became clear that the policy of isolationism and the doctrine of Mahen was not enough to ensure hegemony over the world. It was necessary new weapon. This weapon was Spykmen's Arc Zaml.

Here is the world in 1953:

Eurasia and Ostasia. Together.


Anyway - the peak of the power of Eurasia. The blockade of Eurasia is absolutely impossible, the Arc-land is all gaping with tears - but in principle still holds back the onslaught of Eurasia.
The "unsinkable aircraft carriers" of Japan, Turkey and the Arab world blocked the onslaught of a united Eurasia to the south and east, Europe is blocking access to the west. The outer crescent in every possible way supports the Arc Earth - this is its forward detachment in the attack on Eurasia and Ostasia, this is an endless concentration of efforts by the megacontinent on the "ring of fire" along its southern perimeter.

Spikeman's World, Mackinder's World, Our World.

And now, the last act of the drama is the world of Huntington civilizations. Again - first Disraeli, then - Mackinder, first Roosevelt - then Spykmen, first Nixon with his trip to China and Reagan with his "Evil Empire" - and then the demonstration of ideas that destroyed the world in Eurasia - Huntington:


Huntington, 1993.


You may notice how Japan is lovingly separated into a separate "civilization" (ideologically and culturally very similar to China) - the "unsinkable aircraft carrier" of the Outer Crescent in the Far East, as Turkey is singled out separately, as an essential element of the Arc-land, designed to close the exit of Eurasia to the southern sea .

But, of course, the main thing in the ideas of Huntington is the division of a single space of Eurasia into separate, "civilizations" weakly interconnected. "Let a hundred flowers bloom." May China fear Russia, and Russia fears China.

Let Eurasia be divided.
Oceania is not enough to block or actively attack Eurasia. Eurasia should be divided and divided into the maximum possible number of “independent” parts. The more "independence", the more dependence - because, as we remember, "size does matter." The smaller the system, the easier it is for it to "shut off the oxygen" and make it suddenly closed. Well, then, the natural internal forces themselves will already smash such an isolated system into incoherent pieces.

What does Eurasia do in this situation? Oceania comes, Oceania sets as its task the dismemberment of Eurasia.

Eurasia need to focus. Eurasia should understand why Oceania invented geopolitics, a brief digression into which I, in a hurry and rough sketches, tried to outline in my article.

Geopolitics were invented in the West to counter the inevitability of geo-economics. Geo-economically, Eurasia beats the Outer and Outer crescent. Simplified geo-economics is a struggle for world resources, geopolitics is a struggle for the ways of delivering these resources.
Sketch, but essentially so.

Therefore, we rephrase the classics:

"Who owns geo-economics controls geopolitics. Who owns geopolitics controls the world. Who controls the world bears responsibility for its fate"

Do you want the eternal war of Oceania, Eurasia and Ostasia? Me not.

So, united Eurasia, based on its own understanding of the fate of the world, should create its own geopolitics and put it on a solid foundation of its geo-economy.

Who rules Eurasia controls the destinies of the world.
Who owns Eurasia - decides the fate of the world.
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9 comments
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  1. Vanek
    +16
    11 September 2012 08: 49
    We also have a vision of the world.
    1. +9
      11 September 2012 09: 04
      I support. WE NEED THE WHOLE WORLD! Enough to look back: who looked like where and who farted where not ... We look in our mouths at all Norwegians / Swedes / finals and other little things. In Norway, the population is half of Moscow, so what excuse do we generally reckon with them ?!
      1. +8
        11 September 2012 09: 19
        It is necessary to reckon with all countries, not forgetting first of all about ourselves. What is published in the article is fantastic crazy ideas that arose in the minds of our partners. But all the vileness of these ideas comes from the Anglo-Saxons. By the way, our democrats, referring to Orwell, extrapolated the ideas of this philosopher in a negative sense to the USSR, and what they got and where this big brother is, it turns out we have in the present tense. But our democrats are bashfully silent about this.
  2. +8
    11 September 2012 09: 17
    It is not for nothing that we are being pitched against China, and the site also contains comments like, oh, these Chinese, they will shower us with nuclear caps. But for some reason, all the troubles came to us and come from the west. Yesterday, by chance, when switching channels, I managed to notice on the "Culture" channel in the Academy cycle, as the professor told the students that Russia is a part of Europe. Yeah, I thought, it's like saying "a hand is part of a finger."
  3. +1
    11 September 2012 09: 58
    very non-standard article ....
  4. snek
    +1
    11 September 2012 10: 03
    I consider the 1984 novel to be one of the greatest works of the twentieth century, and when it is used for such statuettes sucked from a finger, it becomes a shame for Ourel's works. The geopolitical structure of the world is the weakest part of the novel, and if in the middle of the twentieth century it could still seem possible, now the world is completely different.
  5. +1
    11 September 2012 11: 10
    As L.N. said Tolstoy, you need to set goals very high in order to be guaranteed to come to a smaller one, but this smaller one was much higher than the existing one ...
  6. vladimir64ss
    +2
    11 September 2012 11: 23
    Such schemes have existed since the creation of the world. Any more or less strong civilization dreams of power. How does it all end we know from History. But this does not mean that we need to sit back. Only the strengthening of our own statehood will allow us to live freely in a prosperous country. Knowing the system of their (potential hegemons) of thoughts and aspirations, it is easier for us to defend ourselves. And build your empire.
  7. Che
    Che
    0
    11 September 2012 16: 04
    Civilizations reached a certain level of development. Then they disappeared in a nuclear fire due to a reluctance to come to an agreement and join forces in the development of the universe. The proof is the finding of material objects in archeology. By the way around the world.
    1. +3
      11 September 2012 18: 01
      You can’t agree when you already signed the death sentence in absentia. either fight or die but die fighting angry
      1. 0
        11 September 2012 23: 58
        Quote: montemor
        You can’t agree when you already signed the death sentence in absentia. either fight or die but die fighting
        - catch the plus sign, good words. The verdict has long been signed, in the dreams of the "condemners" there are only 15 million Russians, which, in their opinion, is even too much!
        As in that song - we are still, we are still fighting!
  8. fes_laeda
    0
    11 September 2012 21: 23
    Mackinder was probably horrified that Germany, Russia or China, as a result of seizing a dominant position in the HARTLAND, could bypass the sea world from the flanks. :))

    schemes resemble the alignment of forces in nature, as if animals rule the world. it turns out that nature has developed in these species special warning signals that act instinctively and with lightning speed, stopping the fight when they are submitted. no matter how fierce the battle of two wolves for a female is, as soon as one of them substitutes the other side surface of the neck with the carotid artery located here (a place mortally vulnerable), the aggressiveness of his stronger opponent disappears immediately. the fight ends immediately, and the vanquished, who has given a warning signal, leaves the battlefield without pursuit.

    if this is true in relation to man, bioprogramming is the most amazing thing in the world .. oh .. women! what can I say .. who invented them .. God must be a genius .. among other things, Orwell also concerns women

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