Combat ships. Cruisers. The lotus flower, falling, floats on the water

32

Like a lotus flower from the farewell poem of a Japanese naval pilot who became a kamikaze, they went to history the last three Japanese light cruisers of the 5500-ton series of the Sendai class.

On these ships, the construction of cruisers with a displacement of 5 tons has ended. The Japanese naval command got carried away with the construction of heavy cruisers, so the Sendai class became the last light cruisers built before the outbreak of World War II.



Combat ships. Cruisers. The lotus flower, falling, floats on the water
Cruiser "Yuntsu" - the last light cruiser 5500 tons built in Japan

Since the Sendai project was based on the same type of Tenryu, the cruiser did not differ much from its predecessors internally. The location of the boilers was changed, four pipes appeared, each of which was connected to its own boiler room. The turbines could be serviced by any group of boilers, which increased the combat survivability of the power plant.

The hull in the bow was reinforced for operation in arctic waters. The armored belt served as both armor protection and an anti-torpedo bulkhead. The bow superstructure was made of light alloys.

The ships differed somewhat in the shape of the stem. "Sendai" and "Yuntsu" had a sharp nose, and the later "Naka" had a stem, more like the noses of heavy cruisers. But this is a separate story, which I will tell you below.


The lead ship of the Sendai series is on sea trials. 36,2 knots, by the way ...

Reservation


The armor belt on the Sendai-class cruisers was 76,8 m long, 4,9 m high and 64 mm thick. Below the waterline, the belt was 25 mm. The ammunition cellars were protected by 32 mm of armor. The main turrets were 20 mm thick, and the conning tower was 51 mm thick. The upper armored deck is 28,6 mm, in the area of ​​the ammunition cellars is 44,6 mm.

In general, the old 102-mm guns of the American destroyers were enough to protect against fire, the shells of the 127-mm guns easily pierced the armor.

Power plant


The cruisers were equipped with four TZA type "Gijitsu Honby" located in four engine rooms. The steam for the turbines was generated by twelve mixed heating boilers consisting of: 6 large Kanzei Honby oil feed boilers, 4 Kanzei Honby medium oil boilers and 2 Kanzei Honby small mixed feed boilers.

The total power of the power plant was 90 hp, which allowed the cruisers to reach speeds of 000 knots. The fuel stock was 36 tons of oil and 1200 tons of coal. The cruising range is 300 miles at 7800 knots and 10 miles at 1300 knots.


"Yuntsu" on sea trials. Photo taken from a tethered balloon


Crew and habitability


The total number of the crew is 450 people according to the project, in fact, after the commissioning of 440 people, since 1943 - 510 people. The living conditions were like on the cruisers "Nagara".

weaponry


Main caliber


The armament of the main caliber remained unchanged - seven 140-mm Type 3 guns, located in single-gun turrets. Everything is like the previous type "Nagara". The stock of shells per gun was: 120 shots for guns located in the center plane of the ship, 105 shots for onboard guns.

Auxiliary / anti-aircraft artillery

Anti-aircraft artillery initially consisted of two 80mm Type 3 guns and two 6,5mm Type 3 machine guns.

Mine torpedo armament

Four twin-tube 610-mm torpedo tubes, two per side and ammunition load of 16 torpedoes. In addition, each cruiser carried 80 mines of barrage.

Aviation Armament

According to the project, the cruiser carried a seaplane hangar at the stern and a take-off platform above the gun turrets, but in reality the aircraft on the cruisers appeared only in 1932, when normal catapults were installed as part of the modernization.


Again "Yuntsu". Two sailors are seen walking along the takeoff deck.



"Naka" with a normal catapult in the stern


During the service, the ships were repeatedly modernized, but the most significant change in armament took place in 1943.

On all three ships, one main-caliber turret was dismantled and a turret with two 127-mm universal guns was installed instead. The final version of the weapon looked like this:

- 6 x 140 mm guns;
- 2 x 127 mm guns;
- 10 x 25 mm anti-aircraft guns;
- 4 x 13,2 mm machine guns.

In addition, the configuration of the mine and torpedo armament was changed.

On "Yuntsu":
- 2 x 2 torpedo tubes 610 mm (stock of 8 torpedoes);
- 2 bomb throwers (36 depth charges);
- 30 min of the barrage.

On "Naka":
- 2 x 4 TA 610 mm (stock 16 torpedoes);
- 2 bomb releasers (36 depth charges).
Installed radar detection of air targets Type 21 Mod.2.

On Sendai:
- 2 x 2 torpedo tubes 610 mm (stock of 8 torpedoes);
- 2 bomb releasers (36 depth charges).
Installed radar detection of air targets Type 21 Mod.2.

By the end of their service, the cruisers carried up to 44 (on the Sendai) barrels of 25-mm anti-aircraft guns in various designs (from 1 to 3 barrels in the installation).


An interesting shot of the Sendai cruiser. You can see 25-mm anti-aircraft guns and another interesting nuance: the ends of the tubes of the torpedo tubes are painted white. This is to prevent the torpedo heads from overheating.

Combat service


Sendai


After entering service in 1923, the cruiser was engaged in standard crew training, went on various campaigns, in September 1935 it was badly damaged by a typhoon and lost a seaplane.

Combat service began in 1937 with support operations for the army occupying Hong Kong.

On the eve of Japan's entry into World War II on November 20, 1941, the cruiser arrives in Samakh on about. Hainan, and on December 7-8 supported the landing and assault on the coast of the Gulf of Thailand. The cruiser fired artillery, and his plane adjusted the fire of the ship and attached destroyers.

Further "Sendai" was included in the group of ships that were supposed to fight the British "Connection Z", but the aircraft managed on their own.


On December 18, 1941, the Sendaya plane damaged the Dutch submarine O-20 with a bomb, the submarine could not submerge, and then the aircraft crew sent the escort destroyers Ayanami and Yugiri to the boat by radio.

In January 1942, the cruiser was on patrol in the Singapore area in order to intercept British ships. The Sendai further supported the invasion of Endau and the assault on Mersing and Mutok.

In a short night battle on January 27, the cruiser Sendai and the destroyers Asagiri and Fubuki sank the British destroyer Tenet with artillery fire.

Then there were operations to capture the islands of Palembang, Sabang, Penang and the Andaman Islands. The Sendai took part in the Battle of Midway, but did not excel in anything special.

The next operations were the landing of troops on Shortland and Guadalcanal, the shelling of the Henderson Field airfield.

On the night of November 15, the cruiser took part in the third battle at Gualadkanal and with her fire incapacitates the American destroyers Preston and Valke, which eventually sank. After the battle, the cruiser provided assistance to the damaged battle cruiser Kirishima.


Throughout 1943, the Sendai escorted convoys between the islands of New Britain, New Guinea and New Ireland and the Solomon Islands.

On November 1, 1943, the cruiser heads the strike force of Rear Admiral Omori to counter the Americans who landed on the island. Bougainville. On November 2, the formation engages in battle with a detachment of American ships covering the landing. At the beginning of the battle, Sendai successfully fired a torpedo salvo, hitting the destroyer Foot and tearing off its stern.

On this, luck turned away from the Sendai. The American light cruisers Cleveland, Columbia, Montpellier and Denver, using more modern radars, successfully focused their fire on the cruiser and literally stuffed it with their 152-mm shells. More than 30 shells hit the Japanese cruiser in an hour of battle. "Sendai" lost control, fires began on the ship, which eventually caused the detonation of ammunition. The cruiser sank very quickly.

The next day, Japanese submarines RO-104 and RO-105 picked up 38 people from the water.

"Yuntsu"


The cruiser joined the Imperial fleet in 1925. And in 1927 he "distinguished himself" on night maneuvers near the Jizosaki lighthouse, ramming and sinking the destroyer "Varabi".


It was after this incident, which cost the life of the cruiser captain (captain Keiji Mizushiro passed away after committing seppuku) that the cruiser received a different nose, widening instead of a pointed one.


In 1928, "Yuntsu" was sent to cover the landing of Japanese troops in Shandong province during the Jinan incident. And with the outbreak of the next Sino-Japanese conflict in 1937, the Second Sino-Japanese War, "Yuntsu" constantly covered the landing of the Japanese army in China.

With the outbreak of World War II, the cruiser was based in Palau and was involved in operations to capture Mindanao, Davao, Legazpi and Holo. After the capture of the Philippines, "Yuntsu" was transferred to the Dutch sector to counter the ships of the Dutch fleet.

In early 1942, Yuntsu accompanied invasion transports to Sasebo, Mendo, Ambon, Timor and Java. Here the account of the air victories of the cruiser was opened: the ejection "Alpha" (Kawanishi E7K2) shot down the light bomber "Hudson". True, the "Alpha" did not return to the ship, it was also shot down.

On February 27, 1942, the cruiser took part in the battle in the Java Sea, which ended in the defeat of the allied formation of ships. "Yunets" was credited with a decisive participation in the sinking of the British destroyer "Elektra".


In May 1942, the cruiser took part in the Battle of Midway, her participation was reduced to repelling the attacks of American B-17s.

In August 1942, the battle at the Solomon Islands became another test. Everything there was sad, "Yuntsu" received a very unpleasant hit of a 227-kg bomb in the area of ​​the cellars, a fire started, and the artillery cellars had to be flooded. The cruiser went to be repaired.


After repairs, already in 1943, "Yuntu" took part in the evacuation of the remnants of the Guadalcanal garrison. Then there were transport operations between Truk, Roy and Kwajalein.

On July 13, 1943, Yuntsu took part in the Battle of Kolombangara. The cruiser, as part of a group of ships (one light cruiser and five destroyers), accompanied reinforcement transports for the garrisons of Kolombangar and at night stumbled upon a detachment of three Allied light cruisers (two American and one New Zealand) and ten American destroyers.

The commander of the Japanese detachment, Admiral Isaki, gave the order for a night attack by the enemy ships. "Yuntsu" was supposed to illuminate enemy ships with a searchlight to make it easier for their ships to aim. This was done, but it turned out to be a very bad idea: the entire allied squad was shot at the Yunets.

"Yuntsu" received more than a dozen hits with 152-mm shells (the author of the unsuccessful decision, Admiral Isaki, died) and, to top it off, a torpedo came from the American destroyers. One of the destroyers removed the crew from the Yuntsu, after which the cruiser sank.

But the Japanese did not give up. After reloading the torpedo tubes, the destroyers fired another salvo. As a result, the American destroyer Gwynne sank after being hit by a torpedo, and all three cruisers from the allied squad received their torpedoes. The Honolulu and St. Louis were out of action for several months, and the New Zealand Linder until the end of the war. In general, two came to Honolulu, but one, fortunately for the Americans, did not explode.

But the main thing: transports with troops and equipment safely reached Kolombangar and delivered reinforcements. So, in principle, the operation ended successfully.

21 people from the crew of the cruiser "Yuntsu" were rescued.

"Take that"


When Japanese torpedo bombers staged hell at Pearl Harbor, the Naka was on its way to the Philippines with the 4th destroyer flotilla and invasion transports. There, the cruiser was tested by American aviation. But if the bombs from the B-17 did not cause much damage, then the P-40s with their large-caliber machine guns perforated the wheelhouse well, confirming that the armor on the Japanese light cruisers is very light.

In January 1942, the Naka escorted transports with the invasion forces in the Dutch East Indies. Participant in the landings in Balikpapan, Makassar, Sulawesi, East Java.


An unpleasant incident occurred in the operation at Balikpapan: a submarine of the Dutch fleet K-18 fired four torpedoes at the cruiser, but missed. While the Naka and the destroyers were driving the submarine, four American destroyers approached the convoy and sank a patrol boat and three troop transports.

Further, together with "Yuntsu" "Naka" took part in the battle in the Java Sea. The cruiser fired 8 torpedoes, another 56 were launched by the destroyers of his squad, but all the torpedoes missed their targets. Then guns were used, here the Japanese were more fortunate.

On March 14, 1942, the Naka became the flagship of the Christmas Island invasion force. The invasion force consisted of three light cruisers (Naka, Nagara, and Natori) and eight destroyers. During the battles accompanying the landing of Japanese troops on the islands, the Naka was attacked by the American submarine Seawulf. However, all 4 torpedoes passed by. The next day, April 1, 1942, the Americans repeated the attack with two torpedoes, and this time one hit the boiler room area.

The explosion made a hole 6 x 6 meters, and only the insane work of the crew saved the ship from death. Not only did the Naka stay afloat, the Natori also carried it to Singapore, where the Naka was patched up and then sent to Japan for major repairs. The renovation took almost a year.

On April 5, the Naka returned to the Navy and continued her service, escorting convoys to the Marshall Islands and Nauru Island.


In October-November 1943, the cruiser got into unpleasant situations several times. On October 23, the American submarine Shad fired 10 torpedoes at the cruiser and her charges, but did not hit a single one. Arriving from convoys in Kavieng, on November 3, the cruiser came under attack from a crowd of land B-24s. Carried away, the cruiser escaped with very minor damage. Two days later, on November 2, "Naka" arrived in Rabaul, where the Americans immediately flew in and destroyed half the city. And again a bomb hit, and again very minor damage.

Nak had good patrons in heaven ...

The luck ended in February 1944. The Naka left Truk harbor to assist the torpedoed cruiser Agano. Shortly after the cruiser left the port, about two hundred American bombers flew in. The Americans flew three times with the entire 58th Air Force and eventually sank 31 transport ships, 2 cruisers, 4 destroyers and 4 auxiliary ships, about 200 aircraft were destroyed on the ground and about 100 were damaged. The Japanese could not oppose anything to this nightmare.

The Americans captured the Naka 45 miles west of Truk. The cruiser repulsed two raids, but on the third, when ammunition for anti-aircraft guns began to run out, the cruiser received a bomb in the bridge, and then a torpedo into the side. The ship capsized and sank. 240 crew members were killed, 210 were saved by other ships.


When you think about it well as a bottom line, all of these Tenryu sequels have proven to be very useful ships. Yes, they were frankly weak in terms of weapons compared to the same American Clevelands (7 x 140 mm versus 12 x 152 mm), but they had other advantages: speed, cruising range, torpedo armament. They were really useful ships. Yes, the main victims of these cruisers were destroyers, but as leaders of the destroyer flotillas, these cruisers proved to be more than worthy.
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32 comments
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  1. +10
    27 June 2021 05: 11
    The article is not without inaccuracies, but in general it is quite a worthy continuation of the cycle dedicated to cruisers.
    1. +2
      27 June 2021 08: 06
      In general, this is a compilation from the Russian-language Wikipedia. Nothing new and interesting about design, construction. Not any interesting facts from the service and the war. Photos are good, however there are several sites where the choice of photos is even better. Out of courtesy, you could give a link from which sites the photos were taken.
      1. +11
        27 June 2021 09: 17
        You are too critical. For example, I simply do not have time to search for different articles, but it is useful to broaden my horizons. Py sy Especially the comments allow you to find out more.
    2. +3
      27 June 2021 09: 34
      The article is not without inaccuracies

      Let me disagree with you, Sergei.
      The cruisers were equipped with four TZA type "Gijitsu Honby" located in four engine rooms. The steam for the turbines was generated by twelve mixed heating boilers consisting of: 6 large Kanzei Honby oil feed boilers, 4 Kanzei Honby medium oil boilers and 2 Kanzei Honby small mixed feed boilers.

      The cruisers had different power plants with fundamental differences.
      On the cruisers Sendai and Naka, Mitsubishi Parsons turbines from Mitsubishi Shipbuilding were used, with high-pressure turbines - impulse, and low-pressure turbines and cruising turbines - reactive.
      The Jintsū cruiser used Kawasaki Shipyard Brown-Curtiss turbines, both high-pressure turbines and low-pressure turbines - impulse ones. The cruising turbine was not installed.
      1. +5
        27 June 2021 09: 37
        Quote: Undecim
        Let me disagree with you, Sergei.

        Compared to other publications, this one (if you do not dig deep) does not look bad.
        1. +5
          27 June 2021 13: 27
          And if you dig, it doesn't look good. The only thing that partially justifies the author is that the sources from which he copied are far from perfect, and to write about the ships according to the sources of the country where they were built, such an option is clearly not available to the author.
          Although judging by the minuses under the comments, some are delighted with this. And the fact that the author could not correctly describe the power plant of the ship. neither the booking system, "Black Sea Marine Objects" cares.
          1. +10
            27 June 2021 13: 31
            Quote: Undecim
            And if you dig, it doesn't look good. The only thing that partially justifies the author is that the sources from which he copied are far from perfect, and to write about the ships according to the sources of the country where they were built, such an option is clearly not available to the author.
            Although judging by the minuses under the comments, some are delighted with this. And the fact that the author could not correctly describe the power plant of the ship. no booking system, "fans" do not care.

            From the height of your own erudition, you are overly critical of the bulk of your readers. But against the background of the "creations" of Damantsev or Samsonov - this article is quite decent.
            1. +5
              27 June 2021 13: 38
              Sergey, my erudition has nothing to do with it. Technical information. she is like sturgeon - there can be no second freshness. Remember, as Woland said: "There is only one freshness - the first, it is the last. And if the sturgeon is of the second freshness, it means that it is rotten!"
              And the articles by Damantsev and Samsonov as an object of comparison are, in my opinion, samples from the very bottom of human creativity.
      2. +1
        27 June 2021 10: 37
        It's nice to read the opinion of a knowledgeable person.
    3. 0
      27 June 2021 11: 08
      Not only that, with inaccuracies, the criticism of the previous article was also not taken into account and the inaccuracies from there happily migrated here.
  2. +1
    27 June 2021 05: 59
    In detail. Readable. With good photos. +
  3. -1
    27 June 2021 06: 30
    Heavy armored ships - cruisers and battleships - did not show themselves in the last war ...
    1. +1
      28 June 2021 10: 52
      Quote: Xlor
      Heavy armored ships - cruisers and battleships - did not show themselves in the last war ...

      Here are those on ... and who then was cut at the same Solomon Islands? wink
  4. -3
    27 June 2021 07: 48
    The luck ended in February 1944. The Naka left Truk harbor to assist the torpedoed cruiser Agano. Shortly after the cruiser left the port, about two hundred American bombers flew in. The Americans flew three times with the entire 58th Air Force and eventually sank 31 transport ships, 2 cruisers, 4 destroyers and 4 auxiliary ships, about 200 aircraft were destroyed on the ground and about 100 were damaged. The Japanese could not oppose anything to this nightmare.
    hard to believe.
    1. +1
      28 June 2021 11: 40
      Quote: Usher
      hard to believe.

      Why?
      The attack on Truk - Operation Hailstone - was carried out by the forces of four Essexes, the Enterprise and four Independences - about 550 aircraft. Since there were few targets (the main forces of the Japanese fleet were withdrawn from Truk), the orders of forces for the destruction of ships were overkill: for example, three waves from AB Bunker Hill and Copens were used by the Naka KRL.
      Truk's neighbor, Katori KRL, was even less fortunate: he met the LC from the TG 50.9 roster (separated from the AB escort) and was finished off by the Iowa LC, which fired 46 16 "and 124 5" shells at the KRL.
  5. +6
    27 June 2021 07: 57
    The Japanese naval command got carried away with the construction of heavy cruisers, so the Sendai class became the last light cruisers built before the outbreak of World War II.

    Formally, until modernization and conversion to 203-mm guns, ships of the Mogami class remained light cruisers.
  6. 0
    27 June 2021 08: 01
    "The main building towers were 20 mm thick")))) I'm embarrassed to ask where the towers come from on the "sendai"?)))
  7. +3
    27 June 2021 08: 22
    Yes, they were frankly weak in terms of weapons compared to the same American Clevelands (7 x 140 mm versus 12 x 152 mm), but they had other advantages: speed, cruising range, torpedo armament


    It would be more correct to compare the described Japanese light cruisers with ships of the Omaha class (due to the years of construction).
    Although they also had 12 152-mm guns, however, in a configuration that only allowed an 8-gun salvo. In addition, the guns in the lower casemates in the stormy sea were flooded with water and it was impossible to fire from them.
  8. +1
    27 June 2021 09: 42
    seven guns 140 mm Type 3, located in single-gun turrets

    They were located behind tower-like shields.
    1. +3
      27 June 2021 10: 35
      Right. You wrote it right. There were no single-gun turrets for this caliber in YaIF at that time.
  9. +6
    27 June 2021 10: 46
    The novel, the article is good, but I read the special literature of the 20-40s in the original not badly. In addition, I have a fairly rare naval specialty and I know not from the Internet about constructive protection and armor penetration. "In general, the old 102-mm guns of the American destroyers were enough to protect against fire, the shells of the 127-mm guns could easily penetrate the armor." - no. Just a question; why did the Japanese put the armor belt exactly 64 mm thick? Not 50 or 70? And the answer is simple: by calculations and from the practice of WWI, it was determined that a medium-caliber projectile, at best, takes armor of a little less than half the caliber at medium distances. Multiply the thickness of the armor belt by 2 and get the answer, it was calculated to withstand what caliber.
  10. -1
    27 June 2021 10: 57
    The Americans captured the Naka 45 miles west of Truk. The cruiser fought off two neleta, but on the third, when ammunition for anti-aircraft guns had already begun to run out, the cruiser received a bomb in the bridge, and then a torpedo in the side.

    The author, correct the grammar pliz.
  11. +5
    27 June 2021 12: 39
    According to the design of the cruiser, they carried a seaplane hangar at the stern and a take-off platform above the gun turrets,

    And how did they take off, at full speed of the ship, caught up in the air stream? And if the hangar was at the stern, how was the plane moved towards the bow?
    Thanks to Roman, I liked the article. smile
  12. BAI
    +1
    27 June 2021 12: 54

    And this is definitely the cruiser "Naka", not "Jintshu".?
    1. BAI
      +2
      27 June 2021 12: 55
      "Naka" is very similar, but like this:

      The difference is in the masts.
  13. -2
    27 June 2021 15: 36
    On December 18, 1941, the Sendaya plane damaged the Dutch submarine O-20 with a bomb, the submarine could not submerge, and then the aircraft crew sent the escort destroyers Ayanami and Yugiri to the boat by radio.

    Interested in this submarine (judging by the description of the battle, 2 bombs were dropped)
    "K XX" (with "O 20") side No. 20
    laid down "Dok-en Werf-Maatschappij Wilton-Fijenoord" in Schiedam on June 15, 1936, launched on January 31, 1939, entered on August 28, 1939, from December 11, 1941 organizationally entered the British Navy
    as a submarine (Submarine) "O 20" and operated under British command, 19 December 1941 sunk by the crew in the Gulf of Thailand, South China Sea
    near the Malacca Peninsula at the point with coordinates 06.10'N, 102.30'E after heavy damage received in a battle with the Japanese destroyer "Uranami", the hull was found
    12 June 2002 by Dutch divers

    Considering the occupation of the country looked at the fleet
    After the occupation of the Netherlands, the main command and headquarters of the Royal Netherlands Navy (Koninklijke Marine) were located in London.
    The following Dutch ships operated in European waters under the operational control of the British fleet: cruiser Jacob van Heemskerk, destroyer Isaak Sweers, destroyers Z-5, Z-6, Z-7, Z-8, submarines 0-Yu, 0 -11, 0-14, 0-15, 0-21, 0-23, 0-24, gunboats "Flores" and "Gruno", minelayer "Jan van Brakel", minesweeper "Jan van Gelder" and 24 armed trawler.
    The sloop "Van Kinsbergen" and 3 armed trawlers were in the West Indies.
    Most of the surviving ships were part of the Dutch East Indies naval forces (Zeemacht Nederlands-lndie), commanded by Admiral Helfrick. These included the East Indies Squadron (Nederlands-lndie Eskader), the Indian Navy (Indische Militaire Marine) and the Colonial Marine Service (Dienst der Scheepvaart), subordinate to the civilian administration of the East Indies, but with the outbreak of war transferred to the operational control of the Navy. At the same time, the squadron was theoretically directly subordinate to the command of the Royal Netherlands Fleet, but the latter transferred it to the operational subordination of the command of the Dutch East Indies Navy.
    just the 4th division of submarines: O-16, O-20 (About 16 sunk by mines, its debris disappeared, judging by the media recently)
    During World War II, the O-16 submarine sank four Japanese landing ships and damaged one ship.
  14. -4
    27 June 2021 16: 26
    about anything. just not about the soviet. and all for one reason, the USSR did not recognize private property.
  15. exo
    +2
    27 June 2021 19: 36
    I liked the cycle of articles. They give a general idea. Anyone interested in learning more will go to look for more detailed sources.
    1. +1
      28 June 2021 06: 03
      Out of interest, I looked at Wikipedia about the losses of the Japanese fleet. Almost everything was drowned! In battles.
  16. -1
    28 June 2021 11: 28
    Quote: Alexey RA
    Quote: Xlor
    Heavy armored ships - cruisers and battleships - did not show themselves in the last war ...

    Here are those on ... and who then was cut at the same Solomon Islands? wink

    Probably aircraft carriers ... No?
  17. 0
    2 July 2021 15: 02
    The Japanese have always been distinguished by perverse technical solutions. But at the same time they did it :) Once I saw the scheme of the equalizer "Sharpe-90". What was done in Roiss by a hefty board on two K157UD2 and three-position switches, Sharpe did on eight (per channel) transistors. And without loss of quality.
  18. 0
    10 July 2021 06: 20
    Nowhere have I met such a name as "Yuntsu" In official reference books and in the classic "War in the Pacific" either "Dzintsu" or "Zintu". And why call the armor shields of the guns turrets? Something the author does not fit with marine terminology. And, by the way, the "ends" of torpedo tubes are called "scoops".

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