The history of the destroyer "Crushing"

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“Crushing” is one of the topics most disliked by our historians. If possible, then they generally prefer not to remember it again. If the latter fails, then talk about the "Crushing" in passing and tongue twister. There are plenty of reasons for such persistent dislike. For a long time nothing was ever written about the “Crushing”. Mentioned disgraced destroyer except that in the memoirs of the commander of the North fleet during the Great Patriotic War, Admiral Golovko.

The history of the destroyer "Crushing"


Destroyer destroyer belonged to a series of destroyers of the project "7". The destroyers of the project "7" (or, as they are usually called, "sevens") rightfully occupy a prominent place in our naval stories. And it is not surprising - after all, they were active participants in the Great Patriotic War, were the most massive Soviet surface ships built 30-s, it is from the "sevens" that several generations of Russian destroyers, large rocket ships and even cruisers originate from their generations. One destroyer of the type "7" became a Guards, four - red banner. At the same time, much controversial has been said and written about them. This applies particularly to the fighting of the “sevens” during the war years - here the real, often tragic events were replaced for a long time by legends. Especially a lot of rumors were always going around the tragic death of the destroyer "Smashing". The first six “sevens” managed to be laid at the end of 1935 of the year, and the next year - and all the rest. By the beginning of World War II, the Soviet Navy included an 22 destroyer of the type "Wrath." These were our most massive ships of pre-war construction.

The squadron destroyer "Smashing" was built at the plant number 189 named after S. Ordzhonikidze. The serial number of the C-292. Laid on 29.10.1936 of the year, launched on 23.08.1937 of the year, the acceptance certificate is signed on 13.08.1939 of the year. Shortly after entry into service, it was transferred along the White Sea-Baltic Canal (September - November 1939) to the Northern Fleet. In November, the destroyer arrived in Polyarny. During the war with Finland, he carried out patrol and convoy service, then engaged in combat training. From 18 July 1940 of the year to 4 July 1941 of the year underwent warranty repair at the plant number 402 in Molotovsk. Just before the start of World War II, he passed 10 380 miles.

After completion of the sea trials, the “Smashing” was incorporated into the White Sea Flotilla, where it was located until September 29. During this time, he several times escorted transports, produced 3 mine settings (set 90 mines KB-1 and 45 mines sample 1908 of the year), underwent a short-term preventive repair.

October 1 "Smashing" arrived in the Polar and entered a separate division of destroyers.
During the years of the Great Patriotic War, the Northern Fleet was the youngest and the smallest, but at the same time the most active operational unit of our Navy. By June, the 1941 of the year, its largest ships were precisely the "sevens". Five destroyers of this type ("Loud", "Terrible", "Thundering", "Swift" and "Smashing"), along with three "new ones", formed the 1-th separate division of destroyers. At the end of 1942 of the year, with the arrival of the Pacific "Reasonable", "Enraged" and the leader of "Baku", a squadron destroyer brigade was formed (commander - captain of 1 rank, then rear admiral, PI Kolchin).

Before 1, January 1942, he went out 11 once to attack enemy positions, fired 1297 130-mm projectiles. In addition, together with the "Terrible" and the British cruiser "Kent" participated in the search for German destroyers (though without results), escorted transports. The escort operation 24 – 26 in December was the hardest to do with the “Grozny”. During the 9-point storm with the 7-point wave and heavy icing of the superstructures, the ship’s roll reached 45 °, and because of the salinity of the refrigerator, it took some time for one MAL. By some miracle, the ships escaped major damage. This time, "Smashing" just got lucky, and he got to the base.

28 March, after the completion of scheduled maintenance, "Smashing" together with the "Thundering" and the English destroyer "Oribi" came out to meet the convoy PQ-13, and the next morning entered into his guard. In 11 hours of 18 minutes, with poor visibility, gunfire was heard, and after 2 minutes bursts from the “Shattering” left side of five artillery shells rose. After 6 – 7 seconds, another 3 projectile fell on the bow and stern. The destroyer increased the speed. A few seconds later, on the 130 ° course angle and the 15 cable distance, the silhouette of the ship, identified as a German Reder type destroyer, was discovered. “Smashing” opened fire and with a second salvo he achieved a covering with a shell hit the area of ​​the second pipe of the enemy ship. He stole and sharply turned left. Our destroyer followed the 4 salvo, but no more hits were observed. The flown snow charge hid the enemy from sight. Total "Smash" released 20 130-mm shells.

Sailors of the Soviet destroyer of the 7 "Smashing" project with a ship pet, a torpedo-nose area, nose view. Northern Fleet


This transient battle occupies a prominent place in the history of Soviet naval art, since it is the only episode in the entire Great Patriotic War when our surface combat ship collided with an opponent of his own class and even emerged as a winner. The German destroyer Z-26 is usually indicated as the enemy of the Smasher. Recently, however, materials appeared in the press in which other versions are being put forward. Thus, the authors of a number of publications, rightly pointing out that by the time being described, the Z-26 was badly damaged and shot from the cruiser "Trinidad" from the only surviving gun, and the Z-24 and Z-25 circling around the convoy were rather far from the scene of the fight. the hypothesis that the "Smashing" led the battle with ... the English destroyer "Fury". This seems unlikely, since hitting the allied destroyer (by the way, the next day, who came to Murmansk) would certainly be reflected in the documents and in the historical literature. It is more logical to assume that the Z-26 still served as the target for the Crusher’s commandos, except that someone else was firing at the Soviet destroyer, since the first 5-gunfire could not make any of the nearby destroyers ships had 4 guns of the main caliber). By the way, in the report of the Commander of the “Crushing” nothing is said about the Germans firing. So the two fallen at the side of the salvo could well have belonged to the same cruiser “Trinidad”, who took the “Smashing” and “Rattling” for the Z-24 and Z-25. In any case, there is no unequivocal explanation of some inconsistencies in the Soviet, German and English descriptions of this fight.

In April, “Smashing”, while in the escort of convoys, repeatedly repelled air attacks, again suffered an 9-10-point storm. On the evening of April 30, he entered the guard of the German submarine cruiser Edinburgh, which had five tons of gold on board, intended to pay the US on lend-lease. However, the lack of fuel made the “Smashing” 8 hours go into the base. Having replenished the supply of fuel oil, the "Smashing" evening 1 May returned to the location of the cruiser, but, alas, it was too late. Six hours before the destroyer Edinburgh arrived, it was sunk. Later, the British complained that the Soviet destroyers left their damaged cruiser at the most difficult moment. These claims had nothing to do with the Commander of the Destructive and his team, and they are completely related to the command of the Northern Fleet, which, when planning the operation, did not take into account the fuel reserves and their consumption on their ships.

May 8 "Smashing" twice went into the mouth of Ara for shelling coastal targets. According to intelligence data, both shelling were successful and caused the enemy some damage. The second campaign, however, almost ended in tragedy. During the shelling of coastal targets, "Smashing" suddenly attacked 28 German planes immediately. The destroyer managed to urgently open the anchor chain (there was no time to choose the anchor) and, successfully maneuvering, to avoid being hit by a hail of bombs falling on him. In this case, the anti-aircraft gunners managed to shoot down a bomber from the 37-mm machine gun.

Torpedo 39 unit Yu one of the destroyers of the Northern Fleet ("Shattering")


From 28 to 30 in May, “Crushing” together with “Grozny” and “Kuibyshev” was in the guard of the allied convoy PQ-16. Convoy transports all this time were subjected to massive attacks by fascist bombers and torpedo bombers. On May 29, in just one attack, the Germans dropped X-NUMX torpedoes on convoy ships, but none of them hit the target, but the Focke-Wulf torpedo bomber shot down an 14-mm projectile with X-line cable from 76. The next day, a direct hit by the 35-mm projectile of the destroyer destroyed another aircraft, this time the Junkers-76, and the other two were damaged. And here the Smasher team was the best of the best. As for the destroyers of the destroyer, they were rightly considered the best in the entire Northern Fleet. In the evening of May 88, the convoy transports securely covered by our destroyers safely reached the Kola Bay.
July 8 "Smashing" together with "Thundering" were sent to meet the notorious convoy PQ-17. Along the way, the destroyers hit the floating 4-point ice. Forced to slow down to small and unable to maneuver, on the night of 10 July, they were attacked by four Yu-88 bombers who dropped 8 bombs on each ship. Fortunately, there were no direct hits, but from close gaps "Smashing" received light damage and deformation of the hull. Later, the attack was repeated, but the destroyers were again lucky - they lost this attack without loss. However, our ships did not succeed in meeting the vehicles, and they were forced to return to Vaengu.

During the summer-fall of 1942, the "Smashing" underwent a short-term preventive maintenance. At this time, the ship was also used to escort transports, was engaged in combat training. Since the beginning of the war until September 1 of 1942, the "Smashing" 40 has done combat campaigns, having traveled a total of 22 385 miles over 1516 running hours. Without a doubt, it was one of the most combat ships of the Soviet Navy at that time.

In total, during the war years, “Smashing” launched 1639 130-mm projectiles (including 84 - by aircraft), 855 - 76-mm and 2053 - 37-mm projectile, while shooting down 6 enemy aircraft (2 of them together with other ships ). During the same time, two incidents of spontaneous torpedo firing occurred on the ship (during one of them the Red Navy Starchikov was killed). Two more sailors drowned in accidents - this exhausts the loss of personnel of the ship until his last voyage. Not a single person was injured from the combat impact of the enemy on the “Destructive”.

17 November 1942 of the year from Arkhangelsk went into the sea the next convoy QP-15. The allied transports and 26 of the British escort ships unloaded in the Arkhangelsk port 11 were returning to Iceland for a new batch of military cargo for the fighting Soviet Union.
At the first stage of the transition in the zone of responsibility of the Northern Fleet, the forces of the convoy were always strengthened by the Northern Fleet ships. This time, the leader of “Baku” was singled out to accompany the QP-15 under the pennant of the division commander of the battalion of 1 rank P.I. Kolchina (the leader’s commander is the captain of the 2 rank, VP Belyaev) and the destroyer destroyer (the commander is the captain of the 3 rank, MA Kurilekh). Under the conditions of a brutal storm that reached hurricane force on November 9, 20, with frequent snow charges and almost zero visibility, convoy ships and escort ships lost sight of each other. The convoy dispersed and it became, in essence, no one to protect. For convoy ships, the severity of the storm was compensated for by the safety of possible attacks by German submarines and aircraft. Attacking in a stormy sea with such a huge wind force and great excitement was impossible. Therefore, with the permission of the convoy commander, the Soviet ships, before reaching the designated escort point, began to return to the base independently.

76-mm guns 34-K on one of the destroyers of the Northern Fleet ("Grozny" or "Smashing"), 1942 g.


When returning to Polarniy on the leader of “Baku”, the hull tightness was broken by the blows of nine-point force waves, all bow rooms on the 29-th frame were flooded, water penetrated into the 2-e and 3-e boilers - only boiler No. 1 remained in operation. The condition of the ship was critical, the roll reached the 40 ° aboard. The personnel led a desperate struggle for flooding. With serious damage, but "Baku" still reached the base, where he had to get in for repairs.

The destroyer Smasher had a lot worse. A strong wind with snow charges spread a big wave. The speed of the "Smasher" fell to a minimum, the ship held its nose against the waves. But it did not help much. Soon, “Baku” was lost sight of, and, in order to detect it, they started shooting from the destroyer with lighting shells and shining a searchlight, but to no avail ...

It is not known whether the battalion commander, captain of the 1 rank Kolchin, gave the order to the Kuriluha “Smashing” commander to go to the base on his own. The fact that they gave rockets to the “Smasher” while trying to find “Baku” indicates that, most likely, there was no command from the divisional commander on the destroyer at all. So Kuriluha had to act at his own peril and risk.

Thus, we can talk about the non-fulfillment of the divisional division of the direct duties of the divisional commander - after all, he, as the detachment commander, was responsible not only for the leader on whom he held his pennant, but also for the destroyer subordinate to him. Kolchin essentially quit the “Smashing” to the mercy of fate. The only thing that justifies the divisional division in this case is the plight of “Baku” itself, who barely made it to the base. Of course, in such a state, the leader could not render any substantial assistance to the destroyer. Most likely, it was this argument that was taken into account in the investigation of the incident with “Crushing”, and no one had accused Kolchin of anything. About him as if just forgotten.

Provided to itself, "Crushing", consistently changing the course from 210 to 160 ° and gradually slowing down to 5 nodes, with difficulty "raked" against the wave, having in operation the main boilers No. 1 and 3 (No. 2 was in the "hot reserve" ), 2 turbo-generator, 2 turbo-fire pump, fuel supply was about 45% of the total (only in the area of ​​machine-boiler rooms), the remaining reserves were within normal limits. November 20 in 14 h. 30 min. in the aft cockpit, a strong crash was heard (audible and on the bridge) - the sheets of the upper deck between the aft superstructure and 130-mm gun No. 4 burst, just where the stringers ended and the hull area with a transverse dialing system (173 frame ). At the same time, a corrugation was formed on the outer lining of the left side, then a break in both shafting lines followed. Within 3 minutes, the aft part was torn off and sank, taking with it six sailors who did not have time to leave the steering and other fodder compartments. Soon followed by a powerful explosion - it worked, reaching a predetermined depth, detonators of depth charges ... The situation in an instant became critical.
The remaining feed compartments were quickly filled with water before the aft bulkhead of the 2-th engine compartment (159-th frame). The ship that lost its turn turned to the wave, the rolling motion reached 45 – 50 °, and keel - 6 °. There was a trim on the stern, the stability decreased slightly, which was noticeable by the increased period of pitching; the ship was "lying" in a tilted position. The deck and superstructures were continuously covered with a wave, movement along the upper deck was extremely difficult, and hard work was seething at the bottom; reinforced and sealed the aft bulkhead of the engine room, drained the compartments of the 159-173-th frame, using not only the standard ejector, but also the oil pumping pump. All mechanisms functioned flawlessly, the work of dewatering facilities and lighting was fully ensured, the water filtration almost stopped, the feed bulkheads absorbed the impacts of the waves, the ship's stability improved and the trim decreased. Even reserve boiler No. 2 was put into action (the commander of the electromechanical warhead took the initiative) in order to “load the personnel with the work”. It remained only to wait for help. However, even this hope in the conditions of the most severe storm was rather doubtful ...

Upon learning of the accident, Golovko ordered the leader of “Baku” to immediately go to the aid of “Shattering”. At the same time, orders were given to the destroyer destroyers Uritsky and Kuibyshev, located in Iokanka, and the destroyer destroyer Reasonable, located in the Kola Bay, also to go to the aid of the Destructive and, finding it, to lead to the Kola Bay; “Squall” and “Memory of Ruslan” rescue vessels, towing vessel No. 2 should be ready to sail.

Destroyers out on purpose. An hour later, another radiogram arrived from Kurilekh: “The stern was torn off in a wave to the engine room. Poop drowned. Hold on the surface. The wind is south, ten points ... ”

Aft of the Smasher with optional 37-mm automat, 1942 g


The “Shattering” location is latitude 75 degrees 1 minute, longitude 41 degrees 25 minutes. It is four hundred and twenty miles north of Iokanka.
About 18 hours 15 minutes approached “Kuibyshev” (commander Gonchar) and “Uritsky” (commander Kruchinin) under the general command of Simonov (commander of the division). Later approached "Reasonable" (commander of the ship Sokolov).

The state of the sea in the area where the “Shattering” was found was no better than the day before. Attempts by the “Reasonable” to approach the ship that had crashed and to take it in tow ended in failure. Twice we started the tug, and twice the tug burst. Meanwhile, the weather has deteriorated further. Reporting this, Sokolov asked for permission to remove people and refuse to tow. Apparently, to remove people is the only way to save them. Sokolov's decision is correct in the first part, but it is premature to refuse to tow. First you need to remove people, then we will see.

From the following report it is clear that Sokolov did not succeed in either one or the other. To approach the board of the “Shattering” was impossible. The ships threw so hard that when they approached, they had to crash against each other. Attempts to keep the “Reasonable” machines in place at the approach to the maximum possible distance were not successful. Many times, the “Reasonable” approached the “Shattering” in order to enable the people of the damaged ship to get on the deck of the “Reasonable”. It was possible to safely jump from the board of the “Crushing” to the deck of the “Reasonable” only one person. That ended Sokolov's attempts to remove people.

Soon came “Kuibyshev” and “Uritsky”, both types “Novik”. Ships of this type are better kept on the wave.
Since the fleet headquarters sent a warning about enemy submarines in the area, Sokolov on Rasumniy took on the task of providing ships with anti-submarine defense, and Kuybyshev and Uritzky engaged in removing the personnel from Smashing.
Of Simonov's intention to bring the “Kuibyshev” overboard to the “Shattering”, of course, nothing happened. I had to adjust the crossing of people with the help of an arbor. Simultaneously with the emergency ship was produced fuel oil, which somewhat reduced the excitement of the sea at the side. And yet the steel ends almost immediately broke off. Then the hemp rope from “Kuibyshev” was wound up and a gazebo was attached to the cable. It was impossible to transport people in such a way, into such a wave, and even in snow charges. And yet it was done. Simonov was in charge of the stern, from where he got the cable and where the people of the “Shattering” began to ship, and the commander of the “Kuibyshev” Gonchar controlled the machines with the help of a machine telegraph, trying to maneuver the moves so as not to tear the hemp cable. Both, Simonov and Gonchar, acted not only skillfully, but also with great skill, both fully possess maritime prowess, flair and will.

Ninety-seven people of the “Shattering” had already been transferred to the “Kuybyshev”, when the hemp rope had burst.
The weather continued to deteriorate. It was necessary to resort to another method: to shoot people with the help of lifebuoys tied every two meters to the new hemp cable. Such cables, each 300 meters in length, were fed to the “Smashing” from one side of the “Kuibyshev”, from the opposite side - the “Uritsky”. It’s hard to imagine how it all looked in the snow charges, covering the ships every now and then, in the swell of the sea, seven or eight points, in the dark ... Nevertheless, there is already a message that in this way, pulling lifebuoys with people in them, it was possible to take on board “Kuibyshev” seventy-nine more. “Uritsky” took eleven.

An 15 man was left aboard the “Smashing”, among them was a miner, Senior Lieutenant Lekarev, and Deputy Commander for the Political Section of CU-5, Senior Lieutenant Vladimirov. Where are the other officers? It is clear with Kurilekh: he was in a hurry to save his person, and where is the deputy, first mate, navigator, artilleryman and others? Did they follow the example of Kurilikha? ..

Asked by the fleet headquarters, Vladimirov said that the command had left the ship. Immediately, he very sensibly reported on the measures he had taken: he raised pairs, launched mechanisms. The final words of the report of Vladimirova: - the destroyer keeps well.

In connection with the departure of destroyers from the “Shattering” Golovko ordered to immediately go there “Loud”. He came out at 17 hours. Information about his movement is not very encouraging. In 18 hours 10 minutes, when leaving the Kola Bay, lay on the course 60 degrees, walked at a speed of 20 knots with light wind and calm sea. However, as the ship moved north toward the 21 hour, the wind and the wave gradually increased to six points. Due to the strong impacts of the wave into the hull, the “Loud” stroke is reduced to 15 nodes. After 45 minutes, the wind and the wave are already seven points. Reducing the course to ten knots, “Loud” turned the wind to reduce the impact of the waves.

Golovko later recalled in his memoirs:
“I regret that I did not send minesweepers yesterday to the“ Shattering ”. Rumyantsev offered to send them, but then I did not accept his proposal. That's my fault. I was sure, after the destroyers discovered the “Smashing”, they would be able to take it in tow. Lost day, because you still need to send minesweepers.

I call P.V. Panfilova (commander of the minesweepers' battalion) and set him the task of reaching the “Destructive” with two minesweepers - TSC-36 and TSC-39; remove all who stayed on the broken ship; then take it in tow and lead to the Kola Bay, if the weather permits; if the weather does not allow either to take people off or to tow the ship, then stay with the “Shattering” and guard it until the weather improves; if the destroyer cannot be towed due to its good condition in good weather, remove all personnel from it, after which the ship will be destroyed and destroyed. In 23 hours, both minesweepers went to their destination. ”

“Reasonable” in 15 hours 15 minutes, and “Kuibyshev” and “Uritsky” in 15 hours 30 minutes left from “Smashing”, as you cannot continue saving personnel with the ends and lifebuoys, and wait for better weather does not allow fuel : it on all three ships was left on the way back. Before leaving, Simonov gave a semaphore to “Smashing” that everyone who remained on board the broken ship would be removed by a submarine as soon as the weather improved.

It was impossible to continue the removal of the personnel of the “Destructive” on the destroyers in the situation that had developed. The waves began to roll through the ships, and a threat was created for the lives of all people on all ships. The withdrawal of personnel was accompanied by victims: eight people died from the blows of the waves on the hull and under the screws, ten people were taken aboard the Kuibyshev and Uritzky in an unconscious state, they could not be saved.

Total accepted: on the “Kuibyshev” 179 people, on the “Uritsky” - 11, on the “Reasonable” - one.
Finally, they asked how many people were left on board. From the destroyer they answered: “Fifty mazut”. The question was repeated, adding that the minesweepers were already on the way. Then a rocket flew over the G-7, then another, a third ... At first they decided on the bridge that a table of conditional signals was used, but the fourth rocket went, the fifth, and it became clear that each rocket is a farewell volley over a grave that has not yet been dug counted fifteen.

Both minesweepers (TSC-36 and TSC-39) arrived at 9 10 hours on November 25 minutes in the area of ​​the “Shattering” accident and began to search the front, shifting tacks to the east. Ships kept at the limit of each other's visibility. Visibility at the start of the search from 10 to 12 cable. The search is carried out in conditions of snow charges with a northwest wind of up to five points. The excitement of the sea four points. Nothing like what happened for several days. “Shattering” was not found ...

November 26 Commissar of the Navy N.G. Kuznetsov signed a directive to investigate the death of the destroyer Smash No. 613 / Ш, and on November 30 a directive on the preparation of an order for the death of the destroyer Smash No. 617 / Ш.

In mid-December, the Northern Fleet Commander Vice-Admiral Golovko 1942, with pain in his heart, as he writes in his memoirs, signed an order: stop the search for "Smashing", consider the ship dead.

Were brought to court Kurileh, Rudakov, Kalmykov, Isaenko. The navigator, signalman and lukpoy sent to the penal platoon. The commander of the ship Kurilekh was shot.

The story of the tragedy of the destroyer "Crushing" showed not only examples of cowardice, but also great self-sacrifice in the name of saving the comrades. Therefore, those who are trying to hide the truth about this tragic page of our naval history are wrong. “Smashing” was, and we are obliged to remember those who died in his military posts, having fulfilled his military and human duty to the end.
1. Lekarev Gennady Evdokimovich, 1916 year of birth, senior lieutenant, commander of the warhead-3.
2. Vladimirov Ilya Alexandrovich, (1910), political instructor CU-5.
3. Belov Vasily Stepanovich, (1915), chief senior engineer, bilge machinist team foreman.
4. Sidelnikov Semen Semenovich, (1912), midshipman; main boatswain.
5. Boyko Trofim Markovich, (1917), foreman of the 2 article, commander of the turbinist machinist department.
6. Nagorny Fedor Vasilyevich, (1919), sailor, signalman
7. Lyubimov Fedor Nikolaevich, (1914), senior sailor, boiler driver senior.
8. Nikolai Kuzmich Gavrilov, (1917), senior sailor, turbinist senior engineer.
9. Purygin Vasily Ivanovich, (1917), senior sailor, boiler driver senior.
10. Zimovets Vladimir Pavlovich, (1919), sailor, electrician.
11. Savinov, Mikhail Petrovich, (1919), sailor, bilge driver.
12. Ternovoy Vasily Ivanovich, (1916), foreman of the 2 article, the commander of the mechanics department.
13. Artemiev Prokhor Stepanovich, (1919), sailor, boiler driver.
14. Dremlyuga Grigory Semenovich, (1919), sailor, boiler driver.
15. Chebiryako Grigory Fedorovich, (1917), senior sailor, range finder senior.
16. Shilatyrkin Pavel Alekseevich, (1919), sailor, boiler driver.
17. Bolshov Sergey Tikhonovich, (1916), senior sailor, electrician senior.
Approximate place of death of the destroyer “Smashing”: 73 latitude 30 minutes north, longitude 43 00 degrees east. Now, this region of the Barents Sea has been declared a memorable place, passing which the ships of the Northern Fleet lowered the St. Andrew’s flags.
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33 comments
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  1. +12
    4 September 2012 10: 50
    no comments!
    ETERNAL GLORY AND MEMORY DIED!
    1. Gym teacher
      -18
      4 September 2012 14: 27
      the cruiser "Edinburgh", which had on board five tons of gold, intended to pay the United States under Lend-Lease.

      The author of the article distorts the facts
      The gold of the British cruiser "Edinburgh" was intended to pay for deliveries from Great Britain, and this had nothing to do with Lend-Lease.
      This fact is confirmed in any documentary source.

      For all 4 years of the war, NO FACT is known when the USSR paid with US gold for the supply of equipment and materials under Lend-Lease

      This was spelled out in the American Lend-Lease Act: payment only AFTER the war. Of course, after the war, payment went on a teaspoon per year, and America did not insist - the Caribbean crisis did not allow us to think about such trifles
      1. bamboo
        +1
        4 September 2012 19: 17
        learn the story !!!!!!!!!!
        I advise you to read books, and not just in the internet to sit on the buttons to spank !!!!!!!
        and the question is, how many classes have graduated ????
        I think not a lot, punctuation is lacking catastrophically !!! )))) negative
        1. ICT
          +1
          4 September 2012 20: 05
          I advise you to respond reasonably to the subscriber, and not just put emoticons
        2. Gym teacher
          +1
          5 September 2012 22: 39
          Quote: bambu
          learn the story !!!!!!!!!!

          Once you have learned history, give examples when the USSR paid the United States with gold during the war
          Quote: bambu
          punctuation is lacking catastrophically !!!

          When your mind is gone, you just have to look for grammatical errors in the texts
      2. Kibb
        0
        5 September 2012 17: 09
        Quote: Fizruk
        NO FACT IS KNOWN WHEN THE USSR PAYED US GOLD FOR THE DELIVERY OF TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS UNDER LEND-LEASE

        Why are you doing this? Name the fact, let's talk. For a country waging a war of survival and a cruiser and 5 tons of gold just nothing
        1. Gym teacher
          +1
          5 September 2012 22: 45
          Quote: Kibb
          Why are you doing this? Name the fact, let's talk

          The second day I propose this to visitors to the VO forum. Name at least the fact when the USSR paid the United States with gold during the Great Patriotic War
          But illiterate visitors to the VO forum only moo and snarl laughing
          Quote: Kibb
          and a cruiser and 5 tons of gold is just nothing

          Gold intended only UKUS shipments have always been free.
          1. Kibb
            0
            6 September 2012 11: 22
            Well, this gold went to the USA just, otherwise you won’t shoot gold
            1. Gym teacher
              +1
              6 September 2012 16: 15
              Quote: Kibb
              Well this gold went to the USA just

              Approval sucked out of the finger

              The Lend-Lease Act was specifically adopted in the spring of 1941, when it turned out that the UK could no longer pay for supplies - all of the following 5 years America helped for free countries of the anti-Hitler Coalition.
              1. Kibb
                0
                6 September 2012 17: 46
                Quote: Fizruk
                Approval sucked out of the finger

                Perhaps I will not argue. Although it usually asserts itself in books and articles about Edinburgh that way. Regarding my opinion on Lendliz - go search. And again I repeat 5 tons of gold is quite a bit compared to general supplies
              2. Larus
                -2
                7 September 2012 17: 27
                Yes, of course, as if nothing else went except gold!
                Washington received the necessary raw materials worth almost 20% of the transferred materials and weapons. In particular, 32 thousand tons of manganese and 300 thousand tons of chrome ore were sent to the United States from the USSR, the importance of which was extremely great in the military industry !! A lot of our allies also benefited from platinum, valuable wood, furs, and also their beloved red fish and black caviar.
                So you don’t need to build a letter from yourself and bang your head into evidence !! And without gold they had a good fuck with us. And the rest is the so-called duty. free aid was paid after the war naturally, as it was intended from the very beginning.
                1. kvs45
                  +1
                  9 May 2015 13: 58
                  1) gold was for Britain, not for the USA
                  2) England was not obliged to help us, since we strongly helped Hitler when he bombed England
                  3) the escort of the Nazi raider "Komet" along the northern sea route was carried out by us
                  So we could not count on the special love of the British, and the United States helped without payment in wartime (read the Lend-Lease Act)
      3. Oles
        0
        15 November 2012 12: 22
        absolutely right......
    2. beech
      0
      4 September 2012 14: 42
      sailors in such a critical situation did what they could, and then on a modern ship they put out the fire for an hour and flooded all the electronics !!!
      1. Gym teacher
        +1
        4 September 2012 14: 50
        Quote: beech
        sailors in such a critical situation did what they could, and then on a modern ship they put out the fire for an hour and flooded all the electronics !!!


        There was also a mess during the Crash incident. There was a riot, officers were removed from the control of the ship. That is why the officers escaped from the ship one of the first.
        The author missed a lot in the article.
        1. ICT
          +1
          4 September 2012 16: 26
          Quote: Fizruk
          The author missed a lot in the article


          Add what you can


          Quote: beech
          to Lend-Lease, it had no relation.


          all deliveries of foreign military equipment in "everyday life" are usually called Lend-Lease
          1. Gym teacher
            +2
            4 September 2012 18: 38
            Quote: TIT
            all deliveries of foreign military equipment in "everyday life" are usually called Lend-Lease

            In everyday life it is customary to call it illiterate "yellow press"
            The author of the article did not hesitate to lie:

            the cruiser "Edinburgh", which had on board five tons of gold, intended to pay the United States under Lend-Lease.



            There is not a single fact that the SSR pays the United States in gold. The Americans specifically adopted the Lend-Lease program, deliveries to the USSR were absolutely free, only the equipment that had survived in the battles had to be paid for (or not pay, but return it back)
            The gold cargo of the British cruiser "Edinburgh" was intended for Great Britain, and this was the last case of payment - after the death of "Edinburgh", settlements in gold with England stopped. And with America there were no settlements in gold at all
            1. ICT
              0
              4 September 2012 18: 50
              I understand you perfectly, on the topic of the death of the destroyer there is something to add
              1. Gym teacher
                +3
                4 September 2012 19: 12
                Quote: TIT
                on the topic of the death of the destroyer there is something to add

                Of course
                The retouched version of the death of "Crushing", which the author of the article told, is suitable only for kindergarten. After all, she does not explain in any way why all the officers left the ship first.

                There is also no explanation why the "Crushing" collapsed in a storm, and the rescue operation was carried out by destroyers of the "Novik" type, Tsarist buildings, which did not fall off anywhere.
                1. ICT
                  0
                  4 September 2012 20: 12
                  Well, the article is written in a good style, describes the course of events in sufficient detail,
                  Quote: Fizruk
                  After all, she does not explain why all the officers were the first to leave the ship


                  the last paragraphs answer this question (i.e. read between the lines),




                  Quote: Fizruk
                  There is also no explanation why the "Crushing" collapsed in a storm, and the rescue operation was carried out by destroyers of the "Novik" type, Tsarist buildings, which did not fall off anywhere.

                  it is very difficult to describe everything in one article, there are forum users giving additions to the article (it's impossible to know everything)
                  1. Gym teacher
                    +3
                    4 September 2012 23: 39
                    Quote: TIT
                    the last paragraphs answer this question (i.e. read between the lines),

                    Here are interesting details of the words of the participant in those events of the Red Navy, the turbine driver P.I. Nikiforova:
                    http://navycollection.narod.ru/ships/Russia/Destroyers/ESM_Proect_7/Posl_pohod_S
                    okrush / Posl_pohod_Sokrush.html
                    Quote: TIT
                    it’s very difficult to describe everything in one article

                    Suffice it to say that the prototype of the Project 7 destroyers was the Italian destroyer Maestrale. Italian designers made a mistake in calculating the strength of the hull, and their Soviet colleagues blindly copied the erroneous design.
                    As a result, "Stalin's sevens" fell apart from any breath of wind. On November 8, 1938, the brand new destroyer "Resolute" (Pacific Fleet) fell apart in three parts during a storm. The story became widely known, because the ship was commanded by the future commander-in-chief of the USSR Navy. The name "Resolute" was given to the next ship ...
                    Quote: TIT
                    this is the forum users giving additions to the article (impossible to know everything)

                    What is true is true
                    1. vyatikhonov
                      0
                      11 August 2013 19: 13
                      Italian designers were not mistaken, but deliberately laid small strength factors in the design. Why? In the Mediterranean Sea there are no such storms as in the North. And just swindlers - they wanted to achieve high TTD by weakening the strength (the usual ploy of unscrupulous designers). As for the Lend-Lease: the Americans did not take any payment for deliveries at all, but demanded to return after the war all unspent dual-purpose supplies, for example, trucks, steam locomotives, machine tools. It was possible to return and money. Ours haven’t returned everything yet, but they are slowly paying. England has recently paid off.
            2. Kibb
              0
              5 September 2012 19: 01
              Quote: Fizruk
              There is not a single fact that the SSR pays the United States in gold. The Americans specifically adopted the Lend-Lease program, deliveries to the USSR were absolutely free, only the equipment that had survived in the battles had to be paid for (or not pay, but return it back)

              Osbadi, YES IT WAS NEVER PAYING FOR LNDLIZ, these were separate deliveries FOR MONEY BEFORE LENDLIS
  2. +8
    4 September 2012 10: 57
    Eternal memory to the heroes.
  3. +8
    4 September 2012 11: 13
    ETERNAL MEMORY OF KILLED FOR A MOTHERLAND !!!
  4. +6
    4 September 2012 11: 31
    Everlasting memory.
  5. +7
    4 September 2012 11: 41
    Service at 7 was very difficult.
    Ships were made for the Baltic, and served in the Arctic.
    Iron people were then. Glory to the heroes!!!
  6. +7
    4 September 2012 11: 44
    The destroyers of Projects 7 and 7-U had insufficient hull strength. At the beginning of 1940, during a storm in the Baltic on the "Angry" deck, it suffered deflections of up to 80 mm. On May 6, 1942, in the Northern Fleet, on the destroyer Gromkiy, with a score of 8 points, the half-tank flooring on 37-38 frames received deformation with a corrugation 120 mm wide with a deflection arrow of 20 mm. The half-tank flooring began to quickly collapse, and then the bow of the ship came off at the 38th frame. The ship was saved. The destroyer "Crushing" had reinforcements of the bow of the hull, but this did not save the ship from death during a storm on November 20, 1942.
    (reference book VN Krasnov, VV Balabin, EA Shitikov “Warships of the Second World War”)

    ps_from the second photo in the article, there are memories of the sailor Nikiforov regarding the ship's pet, they tried to save the animal and transfer it to the Kuibyshev EM in a suitcase (but the ends were chopped off because they didn’t get the hang of why the luggage was being saved when they were saving people)
  7. ICT
    +3
    4 September 2012 11: 54
    In 1943, two minesweepers who arrived from England were named after the dead senior lieutenant G.E. Lekareva and Art. lieutenant I.A. Vladimirova
  8. borisst64
    +3
    4 September 2012 12: 48
    I read and frost on the skin. In addition to the dead sailors, it is necessary to honor those who took all measures to save them, and also risked their lives for the sake of their comrades. And about the dog - at least cry.
  9. lars
    +3
    4 September 2012 12: 53
    Thank you for the article!
  10. maxiv1979
    +1
    4 September 2012 13: 39
    it’s a little unclear why the feed came off, other destroyers maneuvered nearby and nothing came off of them
    1. Gym teacher
      +5
      4 September 2012 18: 52
      Quote: maxiv1979
      it’s a little unclear why the feed came off, other destroyers maneuvered nearby and nothing came off of them


      The stern of the destroyer "Scorching" (project 7, sometimes called "Stalin's destroyers") came off. "Stalin's destroyers" were built according to technologies bought in fascist Italy (Italy and the USSR were loyal allies before World War II, for example, the legendary leader "Tashkent" of the Black Sea Fleet was built in Livorno).
      The Italians designed their destroyers for the calmer Mediterranean Sea, and secondly, in pursuit of high speed, they made a mistake in the calculations - the Italian ships of those years were distinguished by their "flimsy". Blind copying of foreign technologies led to the fact that Stalin's ships fell apart right into the sea


      At the same time, the destroyers "Kuibyshev" and "Uritsky" - former destroyers of the "Novik" type ("Bully" and "Captain Kern") of the royal construction, were quietly operating in the stormy Barents Sea. Novik pre-revolutionary construction, despite the age of 25 years, had excellent strength and well kept on the wave

      One of the "Stalin's sevens" in 1940 collapsed right after launching - the ship was commanded by the future commander-in-chief of the USSR Navy Gorshkov


  11. +4
    4 September 2012 13: 56
    Quote: lars
    Thank you for the article!

    I support. Whoever forgot the story has no future!
  12. +3
    4 September 2012 13: 58
    It’s clear with Kurilekh: he was in a hurry to save his person, but where is the deputy, the head officer, navigator, artilleryman and others? Really followed the example of Kurileh? ..

    Wasn’t he behind such a high combat training of the ship? If I am mistaken, please correct.
    1. Captain Vrungel
      +2
      4 September 2012 16: 49
      The eternal memory of the dead heroes of the destroyer, who fulfilled their duty and did not leave the board of the perishing ship. Honor and Glory to the Heroes!
      To your question. Kurilekh provided education, but in a real environment ....
      It is one thing to teach, another to act. And this is two big differences in life.
  13. +3
    4 September 2012 23: 38
    Eternal memory to the heroes.
  14. Kibb
    +1
    5 September 2012 19: 15
    Good article, thanks. About "Moscow" and "Kharkov" will be?
  15. +5
    5 September 2012 22: 02
    The further fate of the chief officer of the ship, Captain 3rd Rank O.I. Rudakov. While in the penal battalion (he was sentenced to be shot, but replaced by a penal battalion), he redeemed his guilt by his heroic actions and injury and, it seems, was awarded an order (I will not argue). He was returned to the fleet, reinstated in the rank / rank and continued to serve. After the war he became the commander of the cruiser "Sverdlov" and took part in the celebrations of the coronation of the Queen of England, now living. He glorified the ship and our fleet with the highest maritime training in front of all the invited sailors from all over the world: he put a ship on the fertoing in the Thames River with a strong current in about forty minutes (I don't remember exactly, definitely - very quickly). In total, in the entire world maritime practice, there were only two cases of placing a ship on a fertoing (although there is a fertoing bracket on all ships) and both cases of our ships. The meaning of this arrangement: to unstick both anchors, in their places to rivet the fertoing bracket, which is. roughly speaking, a swivel, which has two upper ends (the upper bows of both anchor-chains are riveted to it), and the lower bows of the anchor-chains are riveted to the lower ends together with the anchors (right and left). After that, you need to "spread" each anchor to its place of laying. The meaning of such a complex operation is to ensure free rotation of the ship through the ferroig relative to both anchors when the wind and current change and to exclude entanglement of the anchor chains. All the other invited ships were anchored. It is said that at the ball, as a sign of respect for Russian maritime skills, the Queen honored OI Rudakov with a dance. Olimpiy Ivanovich rose to the rank of Rear Admiral, was buried at the Serafimovskoye cemetery in St. Petersburg. His son Yu.O. Rudakov commanded the Valiant patrol ship in the Northern Fleet (he was its first commander).
    1. Gym teacher
      -3
      5 September 2012 22: 53
      Quote: okroshka79
      In total, for all world marine practice, there were only two cases of a ship being placed on a Forthing (although a Forthing bracket is present on all ships) and both cases of our ships

      You are raving. In which country did the furring bracket be invented?
      If there are all such mediocrities around, why should a furring bracket be used if no one has ever used it?
      Quote: okroshka79
      All other invited ships anchored

      Russian sailors will teach the Great Sea Powers shipbuilding? laughing
      Russian sailors, since the time of Tsar Peter, copying the names, technologies and traditions of the fleets of other powers?
      Russian sailors who have never fought in the ocean, splashed in the Baltic and Black Sea puddles throughout the Second World War? Russian sailors who lost their only real naval battle in the twentieth century with a score of 30: 0 (Tsushima pogrom)?
      1. Kibb
        +2
        6 September 2012 11: 36
        Vladimir, you are not quite right
        1 Peter started from scratch
        2. When Catherine 2, the fleet was quite normal and I would put Ushakov above Nelson
        3.Navarin
        4 Turks were chased by "palatents" in 1877
        5 Study the actions of the Black Sea Fleet in WWI - in addition to the Battle of Sarych and "Sevostpolskaya wake-up call", a great example even for "enlightened sailors"
      2. Kibb
        +2
        6 September 2012 17: 25
        Quote: Fizruk
        losers of their only real naval battle in the twentieth century with a score of 30: 0 (Tsushima pogrom)?

        You can’t but agree.
        But ... Why did the British not play Jutland?
      3. 0
        12 March 2020 21: 02
        Quote: Fizruk
        Russian sailors will teach the Great Sea Powers shipbuilding? laughing
        Russian sailors, since the time of Tsar Peter, copying the names, technologies and traditions of the fleets of other powers?
        Russian sailors who have never fought in the ocean, splashed in the Baltic and Black Sea puddles throughout the Second World War? Russian sailors who lost their only real naval battle in the twentieth century with a score of 30: 0 (Tsushima pogrom)?

        Well, you can’t do that ...
        Moreover, it is wrong and unfair.
  16. vyatikhonov
    0
    11 August 2013 19: 24
    From other sources on the tragedy of "Crushing" such details are known. The commander of the destroyer Kurilekh, despite all his obvious merits (his destroyer became the best in the fleet!) Was, to put it mildly, a peculiar man - a bitter drunkard, he treated all the officers of his ship rudely, boor, encouraged the sailors to talk about officers. This tyrant was somewhat restrained until the summer of 1942 by a good political officer, who knew how to improve the moral situation in the crew. But in the summer of 1942 he went to study. The new political instructor did not know how to present himself so correctly. During the disaster, Kurileh said he was sick and locked himself in the cabin (!). As a patient, the pitiful crew was one of the first to ferry him from the sinking destroyer. The "disease" was most likely simply a strong degree of alcoholic intoxication. This only aggravated his fate at the trial of the military tribunal.
  17. viv-1951-viv
    +1
    April 23 2015 12: 28
    My father, Volchkov Ilya Ivanovich. served as a Red Navy crewman on the Shattering from the 1940s until the death of the destroyer. He was watching on November 20, 1942, and as he was telling, he was just on the stern and was tied so as not to wash off. A crack formed in his eyes during the storm and the stern began to separate. He untied himself and jumped on the torpedo tube. He does not remember how he was later torn off the apparatus. He said that when the rescue ships approached, an order came from Moscow to flood the Crushing. Because they were afraid that the destroyer could go to the Nazis. They contacted Murmansk, but there did not go to meet them. Then they contacted Moscow and after long negotiations, received permission to rescue personnel. Father said that several people were put on the net and dragged under water, and then soldered on the ship. Father also said that the captain Kurilekh was the first to be rescued. To save the entire crew with a / m Crushing and failed. Father often recalled this. He had awards, but all the documents disappeared and he could not recover them. He served as a Red Navy from 01.09.1937/05.01.1946/19.06.1973. on XNUMX/XNUMX/XNUMX He fought in the Finnish War, World War II and the Japanese War. During the Japanese War, he was awarded the Order of the Red Star. He died on XNUMX/XNUMX/XNUMX. heart could not stand it. No one is forgotten and nothing is forgotten.
  18. 0
    14 December 2015 12: 49
    Thank you for the article!

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