Death of submarines

59

First look: Soviet tragedies


“There is reason to believe that the submarine was lost at great depths. Due to the fact that there is no reliable data on the reasons for the death of the S-117, one can only guess about the circumstances of the death of the submarine. The death could have occurred under the following circumstances: improper control during submersion, malfunction of the material part, collision with a surface ship. At the same time, the possibilities of deliberate departure of the boat to Japan or the forcible withdrawal of it by the Americans were considered. The personnel had a high moral condition and were politically reliable, so we consider the "Japanese" version incredible. And the withdrawal of the submarine by the Americans, given the determination of the personnel, is impossible. "

December 14, 1952. An old "Pike" 5bis series S-117 "Mackerel" entered the training ground in the Sea of ​​Okhotsk with a crew of 52 people. The ship was commanded by an experienced commander Vasily Krasnikov, who went through the war on the Black Sea "babies". On December 15, the commander sent a radiogram about the repair of one of the diesels ... and silence. The ship has not been found so far, none of the versions has been confirmed. In 1950, the boat underwent a major overhaul, in 1952 - docking. What happened - we are unlikely to find out, the sea keeps its secrets tightly.

“After finding the destroyer's fires, the submarine commander, for some unknown reason, gave the command to leave the left side, substituting his starboard side under the attack of“ Statny ”. The blow was so strong that the stem of the destroyer burst, and the submarine's hull was practically split in two. The VI compartment was completely torn off, it was found at the bottom at a distance of 30 m from the place of death of the submarine. The 200th compartment was destroyed and the 1th compartment damaged. After the collision, the M-2 began to submerge quickly and after 53-XNUMX minutes it sank at a depth of XNUMX m. "

November 21, 1956. A collision, a catastrophe, a storm interferes with the rescue operation, the boat was raised only six days later by the SS "Commune". 28 dead. The commanders of the ships were sentenced. What is more here - sloppiness or tragedy - is a difficult question, but the fact is, the head "Revenge" was lost in shallow water and not far from the port. Six people on the bridge were saved. Peacetime, standard duty exit, and ... A year later, a fire broke out on the M-256 of the A-615 project in the Baltic Sea, the boat surfaced, but the storm prevented the crew from being removed, 35 dead. Again SS "Commune" raised the ship, but the cause of the fire has not been established.



“The bodies of the submariners were lying face down. All of them were oiled in a solarium, which squeezed out of the fuel tanks inside the hull. The first, second, third and seventh compartments contained air cushions. Most of the bodies were removed from the nasal compartments. In general, all the bodies were striking in their complete safety. Many were recognized by sight - and this is eight years after the death! Doctors talked about the embalming properties of sea water at a depth of two hundred meters in the Barents Sea ... "

January 25, 1961. The S-80 submarine went to sea to practice tasks. The boat was modernized according to project 644 and carried two P-5 cruise missiles. On January 27 at 0:30 I got in touch, and after an hour, due to a malfunction of the RDP float valve (freezing), it sank at a depth of 196 meters. The entire crew (68 people) was killed. The ship was found and raised only eight years later. Moreover, they found it thanks to luck - the search after the accident, despite the considerable resources of the Northern fleet, gave no results. Not two kilometers, only 200 meters ...

“On January 11, 1962, the Soviet submarine B-37 of project 641, which is in service with the Northern Fleet, exploded. For unknown reasons, the entire ammunition of the submarine exploded - 11 torpedoes. 59 crew members of the B-37 and 11 people from the nearby S-350 submarine were killed. "

Unlike previous disasters, the B-37 died at the base, in the morning, while turning the mechanisms. The versions about the causes of the explosion of the sea - we will never know the true one. The commander was eventually acquitted, because he was not guilty, except that he was absent from the ship at the time of the explosion. Another mystery: what failed - technology or people? This is not the end of the martyrology of the Soviet disasters. Six years later:

"K-129 with hull number 574 under the command of Captain First Rank Vladimir Kobzar left Krasheninnikov Bay on February 24, 1968."

After 12 days, the boat disappeared from communication. A submarine with three ballistic missiles on board sank 600 miles from Hawaii. The boat was found by the US Navy and raised its bow in August 1974. Disputes are still going on about the causes of the accident - from the malfunction of the airborne submarine to the collision with the US nuclear submarine. We will not find out the truth - the United States did not provide complete data on the survey of the bow, and the depth of 5 kilometers and the past decades make it meaningless to study the remaining wreckage. 98 sailors died on combat duty far from their native shores.

"On October 21, 1981, after a collision with a refrigerated ship, the S-178 submarine, which was part of the Pacific Fleet, sank in the Peter the Great Bay."

32 dead, 20 people (the first in world practice) were rescued by a rescue submarine. The accident is stupid, due to an error of the operational duty officer of the OVR, the victims are serious and real. The boat was eventually lifted and dismantled for metal. To some extent, for our country, this was the last major disaster of a diesel submarine. Technique improved, skill improved, the intensity of the Cold War subsided. But the USSR is not united - but what about the bourgeoisie?

Second view: "la Belle France"


Death of submarines

March 5, 1946, Casablanca, Morocco. The French submarine Orpheus is in the port. The explosion of torpedoes for unknown reasons, two dead, the boat was written off.

December 6, 1946, Toulon, durability tests during immersion of the French submarine 2326 (nee U-2326 23 series). The hull cannot withstand the pressure of the water and ... 26 sailors remain at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea.

“On September 23, 1952, the submarine Sibylle disappeared near the site of the death of 2326. Rescuers were able to find only an oil spot, but the boat itself was never found. "

The third French submarine, killed in six years, and again - 46 dead and it is not clear - no where or why. History already well forgotten, especially since for France nothing ended in this catastrophe. After 16 years:

The submarine Minerva, which sank over 50 years ago, was discovered in the Mediterranean Sea. French Defense Minister Florence Parley tweeted that a boat that disappeared half a century ago was found in the Toulon region at a depth of 2350 meters. "

52 dead, exercises, explosion ... And only in 2019 the ship was found, sense from which is less than zero - the depth and time are merciless. After just two years:

“On March 4, 1970, Eridis left the Saint-Tropez base, with 57 people on board. At sea, the submarine was supposed to work in cooperation with aviation search and conditional attack of a submarine of a potential enemy, for which Eridis constantly kept in touch with the base patrol aircraft Atlantic, which took off from the Nim-Garon naval air base. From the plane, a breaker was seen several times from the Eridis periscope when the boat was seven miles southeast of Cape Camara. In the last radiogram, the commander of the submarine said that he was heading for the exercise zone and began to dive. At 7:13 the Atlantic loses radar contact with the submarine ... "

Again an explosion, again 57 dead and no understanding - why. The only thing - the boat was found immediately. It remains to express a cautious version: something was wrong with the French either with torpedoes or with TB, otherwise it is difficult to explain the death of two ships of the same type for one reason. Moreover, in 1983 on board a French submarine there was another explosion of hydrogen, this time without fatal consequences.

Third look: the Anglo-Saxons



"On the morning of August 25, 1949, during a training cruise north of the Arctic Circle, the submarine Kochino (SS-345), accompanied by the Tusk (SS-426), attempted to dive into the Barents Sea."

A series of internal explosions, 7 dead, the boat sank at a depth of 250 meters. The whole difference with Soviet and French submarines is described in the English-language Internet beautifully and heroically, without looking for fools, as in our tradition, well, there was someone to take off the crew. Otherwise, everything is the same, with the reasons not completely clear.

“Having descended to a safe depth, the USS Stickleback unexpectedly lost power and was forced to surface, it surfaced at a distance of about 200 meters in front of the destroyer. USS Silverstein tried to dodge and turned the rudder hard to the left to avoid a collision, but was unable to dodge and rammed the submarine on the port side. "

May 28, 1958 There were no fatalities this time, and like everyone else, the human factor has not been canceled either. No worse and no better than ours, and it could not be otherwise, there are some general tendencies.

The British lost their first submarine in the post-war period on January 12, 1950:

“At 19:00, when the submarine was passing along the Thames estuary, three lights from another vessel appeared ahead. Since the crew decided that the ship was at a standstill, and there was a danger of running aground on the starboard side, the order was given to keep course to the left. Suddenly, the Swedish oil tanker Divina emerged from the darkness and literally blew the submarine out of its way. "

64 dead, including 18 repair workers. The only submarine who died not at sea, but on the river. A year passed, and on April 16, 1951, the HMS Affray boat died in the English Channel during tests. 50 sailors and 25 repairmen died along with the ship. The boat was found, but the reasons for the disaster were never established. In 1955, an explosion on board in Portland - submarine Sidon goes to the bottom, taking 13 people with it. The ship was armed with steam-gas torpedoes ...

Fourth view: the rest



Not only submariners of the great powers paid their tribute to the ocean, as the fleets grew, boats and minor powers, first European, and as sales expanded weapons - and not European. There is a certain tendency - just the non-nuclear boats of the world leaders have not perished for a long time (not superstitious, but thu-thu), but the young maritime powers are quite themselves. The first after the war was the C-4 of the Spanish fleet. June 27, 1946 collision with the destroyer "Lepanto" - 44 dead. On April 4, 1953, the Turks paid their tribute - a collision with a dry cargo ship and 81 dead.

The most, perhaps, the mysterious death - the submarine "Dakar" of the Israeli Navy. The boat was sailing to Haifa and disappeared between Crete and Cyprus on January 25, 1968. The boat came from Portsmouth, where it was handed over to Israel by the British, which gave rise to a persistent version of the sinking of the USSR Navy ship. Nevertheless, in 1999 the boat was found and the reason was announced - a malfunction and a failure to a great depth. The felling was raised and placed as a monument. 69 dead.

The Chinese also paid tribute - on January 21, 1983, a Chinese submarine with ballistic missiles disappeared, on board which, in addition to the crew, was a group of scientists and engineers. The Chinese are still hiding the details, and the fact that they are sinning against Soviet atomarina is from the category of tales. The submarine was not new (Soviet project 629A), it was constantly used to test missiles and systems of future missile carriers, plus the presence of civilians - already enough reasons without looking for the strange. The second confirmed accident - 16.04.2003/633/70, an old submarine (a replica of the Soviet project XNUMX). The crew burned out all the air without stopping the diesel engine during submersion, XNUMX dead.

And, finally, the last three disasters - India, Argentina and Indonesia lost one ship each. The Indians - an explosion on board and 18 dead, the cause of the detonation of the ammunition has not been established; with the Argentinean "San Juan" nothing is clear, except for one thing - it is time to write off a ship of this age, and not to drive it as good as new, but the chronic underfunding of the fleet does not lead to good. The official version is the explosion of the battery after water ingress through the snorkel; and the Indonesians - just the other day.

What can you add? There will be more disasters, and more than one, the ocean is a hostile environment for humans, ideal rules and mechanisms have not yet been created and, I think, will not be created soon, and the number of submarines will only grow. You have to understand - any progress takes its price, payment in human lives.
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  1. +6
    April 28 2021 04: 58
    Hmm, a submarine sometimes becomes a mass grave.
    My respect and esteem to all submariners for their difficult and dangerous profession, where the cost of a mistake of one person is the death of the entire crew. hi
    How to avoid mistakes and human stupidity?
    Perhaps it is better to entrust dangerous tasks to underwater robots and unmanned vehicles.
    1. -5
      April 28 2021 06: 27
      Foreign graphics on submarine accidents. Which is typical of not a single American. Because in the United States, the construction and operation of submarines is treated properly.
      1. +11
        April 28 2021 09: 55
        Which is typical of not a single American. Because in the United States, the construction and operation of submarines is treated properly.

        In the review about diesel boats, but they are not built in the USA, therefore there can be no accidents on them. request
        Although I agree with you that there are fewer accidents on US nuclear submarines than competitors.
      2. The comment was deleted.
        1. -1
          April 28 2021 14: 31
          Quote: Shadow041
          The list is long, much longer than the author has given.

          I agree. Infographics in my commentary for the 21st century.
          1. +3
            April 28 2021 14: 54
            Ah, well, then it is understandable, but in the 21st century, the Yankees also distinguished themselves. 23.05.2012/755/XNUMX US nuclear submarine USS Miami (SSN-XNUMX) such as Los Angeles burned down at the docks of Portsmouth. Cannot be restored, written off. And this is only what we know from official sources, and what they hid ... and they hid a lot before that too ..
            1. -1
              April 28 2021 14: 58
              Quote: Shadow041
              On May 23.05.2012, 755, the USS Miami (SSN-XNUMX) Los Angeles-class nuclear submarine burned down in the docks of Portsmouth. Cannot be restored, written off.

              This fire was started by a civilian worker. Not sailors. The worker was in a hurry home that day. And destroyed the improved elk.
              1. +4
                April 28 2021 15: 00
                According to another version, the worker was mentally ill, but is it so important whether he is a sailor or not, the human factor ... how many submarines died at sea for this reason ... On the other hand, if the worker was a psycho, then what are the military who gave the psycho permission to carry out work on board the nuclear submarine ... again the human factor ...
                1. -5
                  April 28 2021 15: 13
                  Quote: Shadow041
                  does it really matter whether he is a sailor or not

                  The worker did not serve on the atomarine. In the American Navy, dozens of sailors have not died in the submarine over the past 20 years.
                  1. +3
                    April 28 2021 15: 23
                    Admission to the ship, there is an admission. Workers with such a clearance are often on board the ship when it goes to sea, and taking into account this ... 04.05.1958/571/4 US nuclear submarine USS Nautilus (SSN-10) Nuclear torpedo boat, the first nuclear submarine in the world. A fire in the turbine compartment. The turbine insulation had been smoldering for several days, but fresh paint was believed to be the cause of the smell, until suddenly there was a strong smoke in the compartment. The divers in DA could not find the source of the smoke. The boat was submerged from Panama to San Francisco. First, the commander ordered to ascend to periscope depth and ventilate the compartment through a snorkel (which was on the boat due to the presence of backup diesel engines), but this was not successful. We surfaced and ventilated the compartment through the hatch. Having established the source of the smoke, the sailors began to cut off the insulation from the turbine, but an open flame immediately burst out, which was extinguished with foam fire extinguishers. Only after 15 hours, crew members working in pairs in shifts of 9-XNUMX minutes extinguished the fire [XNUMX]. The data on the victims and the dead are very contradictory. Officially, the United States does not recognize the death of sailors on this nuclear submarine ... What really was there then and now is a secret that the Pentagon will not reveal ... there were many accidents on this nuclear submarine, including in the reactor compartment ...
                  2. +7
                    April 28 2021 15: 51
                    Here are some more illustrative stories. 1) 15.05.1969/665/10 USS Guitarro (SSN-3) Sturgeon-class Nuclear submarine. It sank at a depth of 15 m right at the pier as a result of the alternating filling of the bow and stern ballast tanks by two different groups of specialists who needed different trimming of the boat for their work, and who did not know about each other's actions. Raised after 35 days, the repair cost, according to various sources, 2-22.05.1978 million dollars. Officially, there are no casualties, but you and I know that usually, with such a mess, there are no casualties ... 652) 3/17.05.1984/665 USS Puffer (SSN-65) nuclear submarine, Sturgeon class. A significant amount of radioactive liquid poured out of the reactor cooling system. Officially, there are no casualties, but many received burns, the number of those who died from radiation sickness and who greatly reduced their days on Earth because of it is kept silent by the Pentagon. The data on the volume of the leak and the causes of the accident are the most contradictory. 4) 24.04.1988/582/28 nuclear submarine USS Guitarro (SSN-3) Sturgeon class During a shooting practice 89 miles off San Diego, California, a fire broke out on board. There is no data on the victims. The boat remained afloat and was towed to the port, only there the fire was extinguished. The submarine burns for many days and there are no casualties among the sailors on board all the time ... this does not happen ... 5) 01.05.1989 one of the last US submarine submarines USS Barbel-class Bonefish (SS-580) Water penetration into the battery compartment caused an explosion and fire. The crew left the boat, which was towed to Charleston. On September 2, she was withdrawn from the US Navy. The death of 6 sailors out of 28.01.2005 on board was officially recognized. 711) 35/525/137 US submarine class Barbel USS Barbel (SS-98) According to the official version, people were swept overboard from the deck by a wave. Of the three, one was saved. There is also a version that people were simply forgotten on deck during an urgent dive, although there was no need for it. The total is officially 30 dead ... 88) 15/2/1 USS San Francisco (SSN-XNUMX) nuclear submarine of the Los Angeles type Multipurpose nuclear submarine. Collision with a seamount south of Guam at XNUMX knots and XNUMX feet. Of the XNUMX people on board, XNUMX were injured, XNUMX of them seriously, one later died. The boat received significant damage to the hull, sonar, ballast tanks, torpedo tubes. The repair was estimated at $ XNUMX million, excluding the cost of repairing XNUMX torpedoes and XNUMX Tomahawk missiles ... So, officially XNUMX dead, but it's official ...
                    1. -3
                      April 28 2021 15: 54
                      Thanks for the info. It was interesting to read.
                      1. +4
                        April 28 2021 15: 56
                        Yes, there’s no reason, I’ll come back now, I’ll add, if interested, I’m here helping my wife with cleaning, so I sat down to rest and let the vacuum cleaner cool down ..
                      2. +5
                        April 28 2021 16: 50
                        7) 17.01.1982/574/4,25 nuclear submarine USS Grayback (LPSS-5) type Grayback Former missile carrier converted into a transport boat capable of landing divers. During the exercise, as a result of a valve malfunction, not only water, but also air was pumped out of the diving bell. Only one diver survived. The relatives of the victims received $ 8 million in court from General Dynamics, the bell manufacturer. As a result, 20.09 divers of the American fleet were killed. 1977) 653. 2 USS Ray (SSN-1993), Sturgeon class A nuclear-powered submarine in the Mediterranean collides with a coral reef while submerged. The reasons are considered to be equipment failure and insufficient crew training. On the boat, the sonar was destroyed and the reserve diesel engine flew off the mounts. The boat was restored in a year (repair cost $ 190 million) and it served until 9. Officially, there are no casualties, but if a diesel engine was ripped off from the mount, the sailors were also thrown and crushed thoroughly and someone hit their head, and a blow to their head on iron ... I recently had an old friend crashed into a car, a head injury, two weeks in resuscitation and that's all, they buried, together with his brother, who died a day later ... The guys were more than 12.12.1971 cm tall, the car turned over, hitting his head on the rumpled roof ... 607) 11 USS Dace (SSN-500) Thresher / Permit type During the transfer of radioactive coolant from the nuclear submarine USS Dace to the USS Fulton (AS-XNUMX) floating base in New London, Connecticut, XNUMX gallons of radioactive coolant were poured into the river. The Pentagon said that similar incidents took place in the past, however, due to the absence of danger to people, they were not reported ... It turns out that the spill of radioactive substances is not dangerous for health, according to the Pentagon ... laughing What can I say ... Radiation sickness probably was not only among the crew members, but also among the local residents. Some of them died immediately, some a little later, suffering from radiation sickness for some time ... 10) 21.05.2002/555/100 USS Dolphin (AGSS-70) Dolphin type Diesel boat special. destination. During exercises 80 miles from San Diego, the gasket of the torpedo tube cover suddenly started to leak, a small boat took 90-50 tons of water, barely staying afloat. After 2007 minutes, the crew was evacuated by a civilian vessel, the boat was towed to port the next day and restored for three years ($ 11 million), but in 13.10.2012 it was written off and transferred to the San Diego Museum. If the crew of the torpedo compartment fought for survivability, and did not run away from the compartment right away, and usually they are fighting for survivability, then someone could have died, they could have died, but not a fact ... But, they definitely did not leave right away, and then it could be too late ... The bulkhead is battened down during the fight for survivability, and it is not always possible to open it with a difference in pressure ... as a result, the entire damaged batch perishes ... 765) 56 USS Montpelier (SSN-12) nuclear submarine of the Los-Angeles type collision with the USS Ticonderoga-class cruiser San Jacinto (CG-11.01.2013). The collision occurred during a training exercise off the east coast of the United States. The cruiser's sonar fairing was damaged. It is possible that the ship received other damage as well. The submarine's nuclear reactor was not damaged. Both the submarine and the cruiser remained on the move ... Officially, there are no fatalities, but in such cases the submarine gets stronger than the cruiser and cannot do without casualties among the submariners ... 699) 5/7/13 USS Jacksonville (SSN-18.08.2016) Los-class nuclear submarine -Angeles A collision with a fishing trawler occurred at about 743 am local time (XNUMX am Moscow time) at the exit from the Strait of Hormuz to the Persian Gulf. As a result of the incident on the submarine, one of the two periscopes was damaged. As stated in the press service of the Fifth Fleet of the US Navy, no other damage was recorded. Trawlers in such cases go to the bottom. XNUMX) XNUMX/XNUMX/XNUMX USS Louisiana (SSBN-XNUMX) Ohio class nuclear submarine Collided with a supply ship in Juan de Fuca Strait off the coast of Washington state. The collision occurred during routine operations. Here, the nature of the damage and the presence of victims depends on detailed circumstances, which the Pentagon does not name and can vary from minor to very serious.
                      3. +4
                        April 28 2021 17: 04
                        If you are interested in the topic, you can read the book "Disasters in the depths of the sea." "Shipbuilding, 1982" by Alexander Narusbaev, you can find and read it on the Internet.
                      4. -2
                        April 28 2021 17: 18
                        Thank you, I will definitely look and read. hi
                      5. +2
                        April 28 2021 17: 19
                        I am glad that the readers were interested, I will go to rinse the filters of the vacuum cleaner ... good luck. hi
                      6. +6
                        April 29 2021 11: 30
                        1) Regarding the Soviet submarine S-117, the story is dark. There is information that she died not in the Sea of ​​Okhotsk, but in the Sea of ​​Japan, and there is a version that our eternal (friends) Anglo-Saxons helped her to drown. .... The Korean War 1950-53. the boat dies in 1952. 2) 04.04.1953/325/84 Domlupinar (Former USS Blower SS-XNUMX) Turkish Navy Balao-type submarine In the Dardanelles, on the way from the exercises to the base, the boat collided with the Swedish cargo ship Naboland and quickly sank at a depth of XNUMX meters. The rescue operation was unsuccessful. Only 5 people remained alive, standing on the bridge ...... 3) 15.12.1954 HMS Talent DPL type T British Navy Underwent scheduled repairs in the dry dock and was washed out of it as a result of personnel errors. Four workers were killed ... 4) 16.06.1955/259/12 HMS Sidon (PXNUMX) Subtle submarine of the British Navy Sank after the explosion of the high-speed torpedo Mark-XNUMX "Fancy" in the port of Portland. Raised a week after the explosion (later used as a target during testing of a new sonar. Sank on June 19, 1957). Investigations have shown that hydrogen peroxide oxidizer torpedoes are no longer being used by the Royal Navy. 5) 19.08.1957 USS Nautilus (SSN-571) US Navy nuclear submarine The first attempt to pass under the ice through the point of the North Pole failed. The test exit under the pack ice ended abnormally: at the point where the echometer showed the absence of ice, the submarine surfaced, but instead of a hole it ran into a drifting ice floe, seriously damaging the only periscope. 6) 14.06.1960/583/37 USS Sargo (SSN-XNUMX) US nuclear submarine Skate type During a stop in Pearl Harbor, as a result of a leak while filling the tanks with compressed oxygen, a fire occurred and the subsequent explosion of batteries of two Mark-XNUMX electric motor torpedoes. The submariner who was responsible for pumping oxygen, who was locked in the burning compartment, was officially killed. Usually no one works on the 1st, at least the 2nd ones work. Yes, and the explosion of a combat torpedo, this is serious, there both the neighboring compartment and those who were in it got it, and even in such a fire, someone probably died and more than one. 7) 10.05.1962/594/XNUMX USS Permit (SSN-XNUMX) US nuclear submarine Thresher class Nuclear torpedo submarine. During a test dive in the area of ​​the Farallon Islands (eng. The Farallon Islands, 30 miles from San Francisco, California) collided with a freighter Hawaiian Citizen. Usually, the submarines get a lot in this case and can not do without the dead and injured. The Pentagon does not recognize the death of sailors. 8) 27.08.1963/574/XNUMX USS Grayback (SSG-XNUMX) US submarine Grayback type Diesel boat with cruise missiles. She walked at periscope depth under a snorkel (RDP), charging the batteries. A short circuit and a fire occurred in the battery compartment under heavy rolling conditions. One person did not have time to leave the compartment and suffocated. The boat returned under its own power to the base at Pearl Harbor. As a result, 1 sailor was officially killed. 9) 10.04.1963/593/XNUMX USS Thresher (SSN-XNUMX) Thresher-class nuclear submarine Nuclear-powered torpedo submarine. She died during a planned immersion to the maximum depth, presumably due to poor-quality soldering of the seam of the pipeline with seawater, which led to the penetration of water into the reactor compartment, shutdown of the reactor and loss of stroke. When an attempt was made to ascend in the main ballast tanks purging system, ice plugs formed due to the high-pressure humid air. The last message of the submarine commander was extremely hard to hear, only the words "trying to blow it through" were distinguishable. The boat "fell through" to an incredible depth up to the destruction of a solid hull. The appearance of radioactivity is noted, which indirectly indicates the destruction of the reactor. The wreckage rests at a depth of 2 meters. After this event, the entire series of boats "type Thresher" (named after the first boat) was renamed into "type Permit" (named after the second) This is the first in the history of the death of a nuclear submarine and this accident remained a record in the submarine fleet in terms of the number of victims in the post-war stories. The entire crew of 112 sailors + 17 civilian specialists on board were killed. A total of 129 deaths. 10) 03.12.1964 ORP Sęp Ozhel type submarine of the navy of now NATO Poland Due to insufficient ventilation during battery charging, as well as due to an electrician's mistake who applied too high a voltage, hydrogen accumulated in the battery pit. An explosion occurred, a fire started in the compartment. The explosion damaged the bulkheads of adjacent compartments, as a result of which the sailors who were in the battery pit were isolated and killed. After a year of repairs, the boat returned to service. A total of 8 dead sailors. 11) 14.09.1966/1956/XNUMX U-Hai type XXIII German Navy Former diesel submarine of the Third Reich, transferred to the Bundesmarine after recovery and overhaul in XNUMX. At the time of her death, she was listed as training. Sank in a violent storm in the Dogger Bank area. The diesel compartment was flooded through the RDP device, when water began to flow through the upper hatch, the commander ordered to evacuate, but only 10 people managed to get there. Only one survived, he was picked up after 10 hours. He said that his comrades died not so much from the cold water as from the attack of seagulls. The boat was raised on 24 September. Cut into scrap metal. A total of 19 deaths. 12) 10.11.1966/571/9 US nuclear submarine USS Nautilus (SSN-XNUMX) collision with the US aircraft carrier USS Essex (CV-XNUMX) Nuclear torpedo boat, the first nuclear submarine in the world. During the exercise, the Nautilus went out in the periscope position to attack the aircraft carrier and collided with it. The boat seriously damaged the wheelhouse and went under its own power to the base for repairs. The aircraft carrier received an underwater hole, but remained afloat.
                      7. +1
                        April 29 2021 19: 25
                        1) 22.05.1968/589/400 USS Scorpion (SSN-5) USS Skipjack class submarine Killed in the Atlantic Ocean, 37 miles southwest of the Azores. The tragedy happened XNUMX days before the submarine returned to the base in Norfolk. The cause of the death is still not clear, although the official version is the explosion of the Mark-XNUMX torpedo.
                        Periodic studies of the radiation background at the site of the tragedy show that there is no leakage of radioactive materials from the reactor and two Mark-45-ASTOR torpedoes with nuclear warheads. The wreckage rests at a depth of 3300 m. The result is the death of 99 sailors, the entire crew perished. There is information that the command was simply driven into the boat without repair, and on the last voyage it left the port with malfunctions. 2) 11.02.1969/342/7 US submarine USS Chopper (SS-9) Balao type Diesel-electric drive. The boat was sailing at a speed of 50-60 knots at a depth of about 330 meters when suddenly there was a power failure. The boat lost its speed, became uncontrollable and, with a rapidly increasing trim on the bow, began to sink into depth. After 240 seconds, in an almost vertical position, she reached a depth of about 120 meters forward (aft at 3 meters). The crew managed to blow through the ballast tanks and stopped the boat from falling, after which it began to surface. During the ascent, the trim to the bow was first leveled, then the trim to the stern quickly began to increase, and 15.11.1969 seconds after the power failure, the boat jumped to the surface again in an almost vertical position, but with the nose up. Oddly enough, after all this, the boat reached the base on its own. Officially, there were no casualties, which is very doubtful, the hull was seriously damaged by rapid changes in pressure, and in September the boat was declared beyond repair. 615) 19/658/60 US nuclear submarine USS Gato (SSN-4) of the Thresher (Permit) type collided with the USSR nuclear submarine K-20.06.1970 (nickname Hiroshima) project 639M, according to NATO qualification Hotel-II. Collision at a depth of 108 meters. After an emergency ascent, the Soviet boat returned to base on its own. Information about the dead and wounded on both sides is contradictory. 675) 45/639/8 US nuclear submarine USS Tautog (SSN-10) Sturgeon type collision with USSR nuclear submarine K-9 project XNUMX, NATO qualification Echo-II Soviet nuclear submarine with cruise missiles at a depth of XNUMX meters collided with US nuclear submarine SSN-XNUMX " Totor ". She began to quickly sink into depth with a large trim on the bow, but soon she was able to keep the depth, then surfaced. The reactors, muffled by automatic protection, were started, but when trying to give a move, it turned out that the right screw was jammed. The approaching tug delivered the boat to the base, where damage to the stabilizer, light hull in the XNUMX-XNUMX compartment and a dent in the strong hull in compartment XNUMX was found. On the American boat, the fence and the wheelhouse hatch were damaged, the strong wheelhouse itself was filled with water, and there were allegedly no casualties either.
      3. +4
        April 28 2021 14: 48
        It's just that the author's list is not complete. For example, on 21.02.1955/486/5, USS Pomodon (SS-30.06.1958) ​​Tench type submarine submarine. When charging batteries in the port of San Francisco, hydrogen was released, an explosion and fire occurred. As a result, according to official data, 415 sailors were killed .... 534/3/300 US DPL USS Stickleback (SS-XNUMX) Balao type During an anti-submarine defense exercise, a collision with an ocean zone patrol ship USS Silverstein (DE-XNUMX) occurred. The wreckage sank at a depth of XNUMX meters. The crew is supposedly completely rescued ... which is hard to believe ... The list is long, much longer than that of the author.
      4. 0
        April 29 2021 12: 26
        To put the "Losharik" and the sunken "Kursk" under the same rubric is great intelligence.
        Incidents on submarines in the United States (and their fleet is the largest) a priori should be. Elementary due to equipment failures, navigation accidents and collisions. Whose boat did it leave after stopping with the K-141?
    2. +1
      April 28 2021 17: 25
      Lech, so far, this is from the field of science fiction.
      Although, the first swallows are already there: "Losharik", but there are still a lot of ambiguities with him
      Remember, about 2 years ago, there was a lot of noise
  2. +6
    April 28 2021 04: 59
    There will be more disasters, and more than one
    The listed ones were enough for horror!
    1. +6
      April 28 2021 05: 35
      Yes, it was not enough yet. The chronology began a bit late in time.
      An article in the "Technics for Youth" magazine: "Squalus is not coming back".
      Like 1939, USA. Forgotten and death of "Scorpions" and "Thrasher".
      Or did they not specifically mention US navy?
      "Submariners pay immensely, they don't live long."
      Or Werner's memoirs "Steel Coffins".
      1. +8
        April 28 2021 07: 16
        In the article about diesel boats
    2. +14
      April 28 2021 06: 01
      A psychologist at a military school once explained to us: the most difficult conditions of service are for: 1) submariners, 2) cavalrymen, 3) tankers.
      He answered the questions why in detail. So the waters about submariners: limited space for duty, isolation from the means of exchange of information and the inability to leave the damaged ship. You can jump out of the tank through the lower hatch, from the plane - to eject, from the ship - get into the boat, and from the submarine, slowly sinking to the bottom or sinking into the abyss ...
      Submariners have always command respect.
      1. +4
        April 28 2021 15: 06
        In the fleet of the Russian Empire, there was an order: "pay submariners as much as they wish from the treasury." I read it from Pikul - I didn’t believe it. And this is true .... A sailor comes to swim, and they ask him - how much salary do you want? Wildly, right? And after all, no one asked for millions, hundreds, even tens of thousands.
        1. +3
          April 28 2021 17: 31
          "as much as they wish from the treasury" is nothing surprising, because the first submarines were so imperfect that the crews went on a campaign and only the Lord knew what would happen. In fact, they were kamikaze
          1. 0
            April 28 2021 17: 52
            Well yes. The order said so. Only kamikaze are cowards. And our sailors are warriors. That's the whole difference.
            This whole story with the kamikaze is worthy of a bitter laugh. Our torpedo pilots boarded the plane and went on a mission. The torpedo bomber had to select a target, descend to a combat height, and maintain a combat course until the torpedo stabilized and the distance would not allow it to be dropped. The problem is that the altitude is low, and it takes a long time to fly in a straight line. And on you they sit down from everything that shoots ... So what? Combat work, albeit very dangerous.
            The Japanese pilot went on a mission drunk. Dumbfounded. He was already buried in the temple and pronounced dead. His plane dropped its landing gear on takeoff. What is all this for? Just so that a drunken, stoned, declared dead person JUST STEELY HOLDING THE HANDLE on the combat course. The sober and lively Japanese could not perform this super difficult task at all - to descend and fly smoothly. But the kamikaze was also turned away! No matter what! For all these measures, for all this drugs and funeral services!
            The Japanese are a cowardly nation to their amazement. The fighting spirit is absolutely unknown to them. In principle, there is no such thing. They had to develop whole long-term psycho-training techniques just to go into battle. Feign courage for a while. Remind me when a Russian soldier was given a psycho-massage like - you're already dead! You must act as if you died a long time ago! YES DO NOT YOU ARE SO SHORT, YOUR NARROW-EYED MUD !! Russians don't need that)
            Therefore, the whole world proceeds on ohi-ahi. Ah kamikaze! Super warriors! Transcendental courage and bravery !! Ugh! found an example, emana ...
            1. +1
              April 30 2021 04: 24
              Are you saying that the Japanese did not have torpedo bombers and bombers, but only kamikaze? Did I understand you correctly.
              Sex of Asia, they captured it under the influence of drugs and alcohol?
              1. 0
                April 30 2021 12: 45
                There were) But at the first shots of the ship's anti-aircraft guns, they threw torpedoes anywhere from three or four thousand and began to randomly skimp. The torpedo usually drowned) Otherwise, why bother and spend on this cowardly g ... sake and nonsense?
                For your information - kamikazes were in all branches of the military. You see, fighting is SCARY. So scary that sometimes you want to shoot yourself, just to stop this debilitating, maddening fear. And here lies the "red line") between a coward and a warrior. The warrior overcomes fear and completes the task. And the coward drowns in fear, and either runs, and without having such an opportunity, he seeks to stop the horror, that is, to die faster. And burn it later, after it ...
                Yes, this bastard has conquered half of Asia. This was not difficult to do, having modern weapons against those who, in essence, were not prepared for war. And now, right now, half of Asia fiercely, to the point of gnashing of teeth, hates the Japanese. Because they behaved the way cowards always behave, having overcome the enemy in numbers and other advantages. Taking revenge for her fear, for being cowards, this gnu filled the floor of Asia with blood. She did such atrocities that even today it is dangerous for the Japanese to appear in many places. Strangled.
                It's funny to watch the victory of American marketers, who supplied the Japanese in 60-70 with all this hat - blaar samurai, powerful kamikaze, la-la, poplars ... Ugh.
                1. +1
                  1 May 2021 08: 15
                  1. Strangely, the pilots threw torpedoes anywhere, torpedoes usually drowned, but the Japanese inflicted serious losses on Western forces in Asia. Anyone else would have had enough for the eyes.
                  2. Kamikaze began to be actively used at the final stage of the war, when most of their pilots were knocked out.
                  3. Capturing half of Asia is easy, you say? Oh well.
                  Stop living in alternate history. I got the impression that you are another reicarnation of the famous Milan character.
                  All the best.
                  1. 0
                    4 May 2021 09: 31
                    The losses are not very great. Americans are still "brave". Although many years of training before the start of the war yielded results. It's just that you can't win a war in training. In the same place it is proved) You did not answer - why the hell to fool around with a kamikaze, losing a pilot and a plane for a flight? What is this insane waste of resources? After all, survivors in a torpedo attack are the best. The most daring, the most experienced, the luckiest (importantly), the most skillful. What kind of military necessity is it - to throw such people irrevocably into the furnace? Answer me, sticking to logic)
                    I'm straight reincarnation) Alas. I live in this story, and it does not make me happy. But I have no other. And you don't. It's sad when a person walks through life with their eyes wide shut.
                    1. 0
                      4 May 2021 16: 14
                      And I do not justify the phenomenon of kamikaze, but I strongly disagree with the fact that the Japanese did not fight. They fought, and even how they fought to the last.
    3. +4
      April 28 2021 09: 33
      Nice view, but sad.
      The sea takes its "tribute".
      The submariner's profession has always been one of the most dangerous.
      As I understand it, the review is only for diesel boats.
      Will there be more about atomic ones?
  3. +18
    April 28 2021 06: 52
    In Vladivostok, at the Sea Cemetery, there is a monument to the S-178 submarine. She became a monument to herself: the wheelhouse from the deceased boat (or of the same type?) Was cut off and put on the foundation ... human errors that led to tragedy. Nothing is said about the fact that the first mate of "Refrigerator - 13", who ran into the boat, had a birthday that day ... and if my memory serves me, at the moment of the collision he was on watch on the navigating bridge ... Nothing is said that the boat's acoustician reported a dangerous bearing, but the boat commander did not react to his report in any way, since at that moment he was listening to reports from the incoming combat shifts ... , and the mediocre, stupidly carried out rescue operation claimed even more lives than the blow itself. And this is at the minimum depth! Several people could not be found at all, although they normally exited through the torpedo tube ... but no one met them upstairs! And people, most likely, died from heart rupture due to hypothermia. In general, that "rescue operation" went down in the history of the city and the old-timers do not remember it otherwise than by foul language.
    1. +3
      April 28 2021 15: 20
      About the C-178.
      Unfortunately, I don’t remember which of the members of the forum (thank him very much!) Posted in the comments a link to the hydronauts website a few months ago, where the story of a direct participant in the operation to rescue the C-178 captain 1st rank, retired Vladimir Petrovich Trushko, was published.
      It is hard to read, it is impossible to come off.
  4. +11
    April 28 2021 07: 05
    an explosion is better than a slow extinction in a steel coffin at the bottom ...

    A friend served as a chief mechanic on a diesel submarine, talked about several situations "on the brink", helped out competent actions of specialists.

    Again SS "Commune" raised the ship


    This is the same famous "plow" Russia -SS "Volkhov", faithfully serving the Fatherland for over a hundred years... The oldest operational naval ship in the world.

    Knew how to build in Russia- for centuries!
    1. 0
      April 28 2021 11: 41
      Riveted body instead of welded
      Voila.
      1. +1
        April 28 2021 14: 07
        Quote: Engineer
        Riveted body instead of welded
        Voila

        thousands of them were riveted. And where are they?
        1. +1
          April 28 2021 16: 50
          Replaced by more modern ones, of course.
          Having the oldest ship in the world in the Navy is not a reason to be proud.
          However, this does not negate the quality factor of Volkhov's construction.
          1. +1
            April 29 2021 08: 37
            Quote: Engineer
            Replaced by more modern ones, of course.

            they rotted away-and have been replaced
            Quote: Engineer
            Having the oldest ship in the world in the Navy is not a reason to be proud.

            FUNCTIONING ship-and this is a reason and even what!
  5. -1
    April 28 2021 09: 01
    I wonder what the Germans have? With their submarine fleet.
  6. +6
    April 28 2021 09: 51
    Obviously, the author decided that if in Wikipedia, where he got information from, the list of accidents on submarines begins in 1945, then until that time there were no accidents and no submariners died.
    Meanwhile, in the Royal Navy, the first submarine was lost as a result of an accident on March 18, 1904.
    True, it was still with a gasoline engine, but the difference is not fundamental.
    1. +4
      April 28 2021 12: 45
      Quote: Undecim
      Obviously, the author decided that if in Wikipedia, where he got information from, the list of accidents on submarines begins in 1945, then until that time there were no accidents and no submariners died.

      On the site "Litmir" I downloaded the book by Alexander Narusbaev "Catastrophes in the depths of the sea" about the accidents and deaths of submarines, very informative, I recommend.
      1. +2
        April 28 2021 12: 56
        Yes, the book is interesting, thanks. I also had a paper one, which cost mere pennies. True, a biography of the French communist Duclos was attached to it.
      2. +2
        April 28 2021 18: 07
        I will advise: N. G. Mormul: "Disasters under water" and from "From" Thrasher "to" Kursk ".
        The author is a rear admiral, he began his service on the first Soviet nuclear submarine. He knew very well what it was like to serve in the Premier League.
        In fact, every second accident was caused by the human factor.
    2. +2
      April 28 2021 18: 12
      Vic. Nick, good evening. As always, you snapped your nose
  7. +1
    April 28 2021 14: 57
    described on the English-speaking Internet beautifully and heroically, without looking for fools, as in our tradition
    Well, yes, you need to get something - this is the first squadron. And to shoot down the Germans, so the second ...
    We are looking for a reason so that it does not happen again. And they are of a beautiful presentation in order to create an image among fools. Who studied what. Where is the story of an English submarine that sank because the signalman was too lazy to take the flags with him and put a wad of rags under the valve?
    There was no investigation yet, and their Ministry of Defense had already stated that the submariners were not to blame. So we won't find out the truth. And let them put beautiful pictures ... under the valve.
  8. +1
    April 28 2021 16: 12
    But what about it: at 00 hours 15 minutes on December 05, 1971, 1,5 miles from the Indian naval base Vishakhapatnam at a depth of 50 meters, the Pakistani diesel-electric submarine "Ghazi" was killed (explosion of ammunition, 93 dead, 0 survivors). India and Pakistan were then at war, the boat was in combat campaign, so that the Indians shamelessly appropriated the victory for themselves. However, their "merits" in the death of this boat still raise some doubts ...
  9. +3
    April 28 2021 16: 34
    the death of the M-200 "Revenge" submarine submarine, a significant part of the crew of which died in 1956 after an accident at a depth of only 35 meters near the coastline.








    photo link Central Naval Portal https://flot.com/2016/220187/
    1. +3
      April 28 2021 16: 40
      Less than nine months later, the tragedy of "Revenge" almost repeated itself, as if in a mirror image, but this time in the Black Sea Fleet. The submarine M-351 crashed there. The boat sank near Balaklava with a large trim at the stern, the submariners ran out of air, the storm that began to cut off the telephone cable - how similar were these circumstances to the M-200 tragedy! But this time the tragedy did not happen, and first of all because the rescuers were professionally trained, the most experienced submariners supervised the rescue operations - the commander of the submarine forces of the fleet, Captain 1st Rank N.I. Smirnov and the commander of the Black Sea Fleet, Admiral V.A. Kasatonov, who took full responsibility for the outcome of the rescue operation on themselves, without losing a single person, and brilliantly coped with this most difficult task.
      a photo rescued M-351

      photo link Central Naval Portal https://flot.com/2016/220187/
  10. +4
    April 28 2021 16: 53
    The fate of the Soviet submarine S-80 is one of the most tragic and mysterious in the history of the Russian fleet. According to the official version, on January 26, 1961, during an ordinary raid, the submarine sank in the Barents Sea due to the ingress of seawater and fatal crew errors. However, there are too many blank spots in the history of the sinking of the boat.


    a photo DPL S-80

    Source: https://fishki.net/2167276-tragedija-s-80.html © Fishki.net


    a photo Rise of the sunken submarine S-80 crew


    1. +8
      April 28 2021 17: 04
      Here is a list of those who died aboard the S-80:

      Captain of the third rank SITARCHIK A.D.
      Captain of the third rank V.A. Nikolayev
      Captain of the third rank V.E. OSIPOV
      Captain - Lieutenant A. V. PESKOV
      Captain - Lieutenant A.M. GRINCHUK
      Captain - Lieutenant V.P. CHERNICHKO
      Engineer - Captain - Lieutenant ZhUK G.I.
      Senior Lieutenant A.G. Evdokimov
      Senior Lieutenant N. P. BONADYKOV
      Senior Engineer - Lieutenant V.P. PROPLETIN
      Senior Lieutenant PORTCHIKOV G.P.
      Lieutenant I. V. Kiryakov
      Lieutenant E.M. KOVTUN
      Engineer - Lieutenant V.I. KNYAZEV
      Lieutenant of the medical service V.I. ZUBKOV
      Warrant officer BOROVOY G.M.
      Chief Petty Officer V.G. TARASOV
      Chief Petty Officer PURGIN A.N.
      Sergeant Major of the First Article V.Ya.
      Sergeant major of the first article GERASIMENKO V.Z.
      Sergeant major of the first article ALEXEEV B.A.
      Sergeant major of the first article V.S.Shakhin
      Chief of the first article GLACIER P.F.
      Sergeant major of the second article ZYUZIN F.F.
      Sergeant major of the second article KOCHNEV Yu.N.
      Sergeant major of the second article AGIBALOV Yu.V.
      Sergeant Major of the second article D.M. KHRIPKO
      Sergeant major of the second article GRIGORCHUK V.A.
      Sergeant Major of the second article SHELYAKO YU.I.
      Sergeant major of the second article I.G. GRESEV
      Petty officer of the second article POGORELY N.G.
      Senior sailor VOYAKOV V.A.
      Senior sailor K.F.Bardin
      Senior sailor A.L. KOZHIN
      Senior sailor VOROBYOV V.N.
      Senior sailor V.S. LEONOV
      Senior sailor V.G. GAZARYAN-OGLY
      Senior sailor G.N. SAVIN
      Senior sailor V.N. CREDO
      Senior sailor R.A. CHAPAS
      Sailor V. S. Koshelev
      Seaman NIDZELSKY G.N.
      Sailor V.I. NIKITIN
      Sailor V. N. Balborin
      Sailor MYAZIN M.N.
      V.P. Ulyanov sailor
      Sailor OPARIN A.R.
      Sailor V.V. Tsybin
      Sailor GULIN V.G.
      Sailor A.P. GLAZUNOV
      Sailor A. N. SAMOKHVALOV
      Sailor YAKUNIN N. D.
      Sailor A. N. MALKOV
      Sailor ISAKOV A.G.
      Sailor CHALTSEV A.D.
      Sailor V.P. PILIPENKO
      Sailor V.N. CHAGILO
      Sailor YU.A. SHALAGINOV
      Sailor V. V. PANFEROV
      Sailor TUMAN V.G.
      Sailor A. A. KRYUKOV
      Sailor RODIN G.I.
      Sailor MASHANOV P.M.
      Sailor V. N. Mertikov
      Sailor SMOLIN B.I.
      Sailaev Yu.A.
      Sailor A. A. KROPACHEV
      Sailor DOROGOKUPLYA I.A.

      They all rest in a mass grave in Olenya Bay. Professional sculptors did not work on the monument, everything was done according to their own design by craftsmen from among the conscripts. Made at the behest of their hearts, with respect to the memory of the dead, so the monument looks dignified and strict.

      1. +4
        April 28 2021 18: 21
        THANK YOU for your comment.
        Eternal memory to all the lost submariners. They are not there, but we must always remember them.
  11. 0
    April 29 2021 15: 00
    Eternal memory to submariners ...
  12. 0
    April 29 2021 19: 12
    The human factor of lack of proper training and knowledge of technology, "blunders" + the complexity of the submarine as the concentration of thousands of parts of blocks and systems + all this not on the sea surface, but at a depth of 100-300 m = a prerequisite for submarine disasters in any country where the Navy is actively used ...
    Of course, if the submarine does not move away from the quay wall for ten years (remember our 90s), the probability of disasters is almost zero. hi
  13. 0
    April 29 2021 21: 11
    but the young maritime powers - quite themselves ...


    Spaniards, Turks and Chinese are not newcomers to the seas. In this century, their sea power is in crisis. The word 'amur al-bakhr "lord of the sea" was invented in the East in general.
  14. 0
    April 30 2021 12: 46
    After the war, the French still have a whole pack of captured Biebers, but since they belonged to the MTR, and not the Navy, they are usually not included in the statistics.
    I'll drive home and look for a Navale issue with an article on the topic.

    In general, they note that a lot of the cured German, despite the technical advancement, was very unreliable due to the "quality of the last war years" and the lack of spare parts.
  15. 0
    3 May 2021 11: 04
    There is no specifics on the French Biebers, only a general phrase about the high accident rate.

    According to other French: for U2326 (tail number N35, should have received the name "Lavalle") - the actual crew on board killed 15 people, 3 more - officers from the shore (the most senior - Captain Jean Motte, head of the submarine section of the General Staff of France), the rest - civilian specialists.

    According to Minerva: the death happened during the exercises of the PLO forces, they learned to find submarines going under the snorkel at high speed. The exercises were already going to curtail due to deteriorating weather (radio exchange at 7:17, agreed to hold two more calls of the PLO aircraft until 8:00) at 7:55, contact with the submarine was suddenly lost, and at 7:59:23 the coastal hydroacoustic laboratory recorded implosion noise at a depth of about 500 m.
    Considering the state of the submarine's remains, now the most likely version is considered - drank water through the snorkel.

    Other fatal incidents:
    On September 19, 1961, the S637 Espadon rammed the S610 Lobi at a depth of 40 m.
    At the first, the guard of the bow with sonar was torn off, the second was written off.

    On March 23, 1962, the boat S606 La Creole was rammed by the dry cargo ship Sidi Ferruch when surfacing, due to damage to the strong hull, it was written off.

    On August 13, 1963, at the same Espadon, while carrying out minor repairs, a fire occurred in the first compartment, one crew member was killed.

    Regarding Eurydice - at one time they suspected a collision with the Tunisian dry cargo ship Tabarka, which was observed in the area of ​​the sinking of a submarine with a heavily damaged bow, but they could not confirm or deny the version due to the shipowner's refusal to inspect the vessel. This version is also supported by the condition of the submarine's hull, which was relatively weakly damaged by implosion at the extreme depth (i.e., the submarine reached a depth of 600 m, already practically filled with water).

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