A reason for optimism: a promising spaceplane from NPO Molniya

131
A reason for optimism: a promising spaceplane from NPO Molniya

The Energia-Buran system with an orbital aircraft developed by the NPO Molniya. Photo "Roscosmos"

In our country, work has been resumed on aerospace systems with reusable orbital aircraft. A new project of this kind is being developed at the NGO "Molniya" and, as it became known, in recent months it has made significant progress. Development work is planned to be completed in the coming years, and a first test flight is possible within the next five years.

Task given


In recent decades, domestic enterprises have offered various options for aerospace systems (AKS), but not a single such project has received serious development and has not been brought even to the point of testing. This was due to the lack of financial, technological and organizational capabilities. By now, the situation has changed and allows us to return to promising topics.



After lengthy discussions at different levels, it was decided to resume the work. In May 2020, Dmitry Rogozin, the general director of Roscosmos, said that a new reusable aircraft-type spacecraft could be created in the future. Such systems have certain advantages and are of interest for the rocket and space industry.

Already in August, the management of Roskosmos ordered the start of work. According to recent reports, by that time the industry had its first ideas and suggestions. So, within the framework of a closed exposition at the Army-2020 forum, a model of a promising AKS with a spaceplane developed by NPO Molniya was shown.

According to official data


On March 12, the press service of the NGO Molniya published a long interview with the general director of the enterprise Olga Sokolova. It raised questions about the activities of "Lightning" in recent years, especially the current state of affairs and plans for the future. Along with other topics, the creation of an AKS with a spaceplane was also considered.


Landing "Buran" after a single space flight. Photo "Roscosmos"

According to O. Sokolova, the development of a new civilian spaceplane continues and has made significant progress over the past year. Previously, the company had various developments on this topic, but there was no order and a clear technical assignment. Now they have been received, which made it possible to begin a full-scale development of the project.

The new spaceplane project had a positive impact on the Molniya design bureau, which deals with aerospace. Specialists are actively involved in the work; there is an increase in KB in the professional sense, incl. due to new employees. In addition, there are plans to increase jobs. Over the next two years, the team will grow to 700-800 people, which will increase its overall potential.

In the interview, for the first time, a full-size mock-up of an orbiting aircraft was officially mentioned. He was present in the closed exposition of "Army-2020" and attracted the attention of its visitors. The demonstration of the model became a landmark event: NPO Molniya demonstrated its return to its core business in the form of the development of reusable spacecraft.

O. Sokolova is very optimistic about her plans for the future. She believes that the process of creating a new AKC will be completed and brought to flight within the next five years. In recent years, NGO "Molniya" was able to cope with the accumulated problems and restored its potential, which allows it to draw up new bold plans.

New Details


The interview with the director general of the NGO Molniya did not immediately receive the attention it deserved. Publications on the topic of the promising AKC appeared in the domestic media only a few days ago. At the same time, we are already talking about getting new details from sources in the rocket and space industry.


American spaceplane X-37B after another flight. Photo by US Air Force

The first technical details were published by RIA News March, 25. According to their source, the project from "Lightning" is being developed on an initiative basis. AKC is created for commercial use in the interests of various customers. The orbital plane is planned to be unmanned; it will have to send into orbit and return to Earth only cargo.

The new Russian spaceplane will be similar in size to the American Boeing X-37B. The latter is less than 9 m long and has a wingspan of approx. 4,5 m and weighs no more than 5 tons. The limited dimensions and weight reduce the requirements for the launch vehicle. In this capacity, it is planned to use one of the Soyuz missiles in the promising AKS.

It should be noted that information about the small dimensions of the spaceplane is indirectly confirmed by official reports. The full-size mock-up of the orbital aircraft was demonstrated in the closed pavilion of Army-2020. This means that the product is really inferior in size to the Buran or the American Space Shuttle.

Prospects and Competitors


The announced information about the development of a new domestic AKS with a reusable orbital aircraft is of great interest. First of all, attention is drawn to the very fact of the appearance of such a project, which has already been brought to design work and demonstration at the exhibition. Russian enterprises have not offered new projects to AKC for a long time, and news from Molnia evokes a natural reaction.

An important feature of the project is the fact that its development is carried out by the NGO "Molniya", which was originally created to solve such problems. It was this enterprise that in the past developed the most successful domestic AKS with the Buran orbital aircraft. Now this organization gets the opportunity to use the accumulated experience and new developments in a promising project. The positive effect of such work - for Molniya and for the industry as a whole - is obvious.


Soyuz-2.1b launch vehicle in large-size load configuration. Probably, the same fairing will be used with the spaceplane from "Lightning". Photo of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

In terms of size and characteristics, the new Russian spaceplane will be similar to the American model and to the Chinese ship, which is supposed to have been created with an eye on the X-37B. American experience shows that the technique of such a look shows sufficient characteristics and corresponds to a wide range of practical tasks. Using a proven concept provides known benefits and saves time.

Time, money and effort can be saved by reducing project complexity and using available technologies and components. There are also some benefits to not having a person on board. It is obvious that the development of a promising spaceplane and AKS as a whole will be much easier than the process of creating the Energia-Buran complex. This makes it possible to count on the solution of the assigned tasks within the specified time frame - and for the first flight within five years.

The promising AKS has a non-military purpose and is intended for commercial operation. Thus, after the completion of the tests, the Russian spaceplane will be able to earn money on the withdrawal and descent of various loads. In this respect, it will compare favorably with the American X-37B, which is used by the military and, accordingly, does not generate income. However, in foreign countries, other types of equipment are being created that can in the future compete with the Russian system.

Reason for optimism


In general, the latest news from the rocket and space sector allows us to make optimistic assessments. After a long break, NPO Molniya has restored its competence in the field of aerospace systems and is already developing a new project of this kind. The general appearance of the spaceplane has been formed; it is implemented as a mock-up and shown to a limited audience, consisting of specialists and responsible persons.

The work continues, and it is planned to spend only a few years on them. The first launch of the spaceplane into orbit should take place no later than 2025-26. Then, it may take several years to develop the complex and prepare for full-fledged operation. As a result, at the end of the decade, for the first time, the launch and recovery of loads using a reusable aircraft-type spacecraft will appear on the list of Roscosmos services.

However, while the project is in its early stages, and this leads to certain risks. In general, the situation is conducive to optimism, but so far one cannot exclude certain difficulties that could slow down the project or lead to its closure. How realistic the current estimates are, and whether it will be possible to send the spaceplane into orbit in five years will become clear in the foreseeable future. A promising project is no longer hidden from the public, and new messages about it may appear at any time.
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  1. KCA
    +25
    26 March 2021 04: 05
    I don’t understand the inconsistency of the information - either "Already in August, the Roskosmos management ordered to start work," then "the project from Molnia is being developed on an initiative basis," Ivan Iosifovich, you either take off the cross, or put on your panties ...
    1. +28
      26 March 2021 04: 42
      Nevermind..
      The usual chatter ..
      The worse things are today, the more bright the prospects and projections will be for us.
      1. +6
        26 March 2021 06: 21
        Quote: Mikhail Malakhov_2
        The usual chatter ..

        Even if only design work is carried out and financed, then this is already not bad, this is a reserve for the future, including in terms of personnel.

        After a long break, NPO Molniya has restored its competence in the field of aerospace systems and is already developing a new project of this kind
        1. +8
          26 March 2021 21: 11
          Vladimir_2U - Buran was created by the whole country - the USSR, thousands of enterprises worked on this project, now these enterprises do not exist, they have been destroyed - who and from what will create equipment of this level?
          For comparison, an example from a related field (aviation) - years and years are puffed up and can not design a replacement for the "maize", and here is Buran ... request
          1. +1
            27 March 2021 06: 05
            Here I am about that ..
            The engine for the Su57 cannot be made in any way, but * unparalleled * baked like pies
            1. 0
              April 4 2021 20: 58
              Exactly!
              ... I couldn't get three-eighths of an inch. No, no. No! And the tram is going to start up! ..
              (C) I. Ilf E. Petrov "12 chairs".
          2. +2
            27 March 2021 11: 38
            therefore, a la Buran will not be in the coming years, because this is not only a very complex project, but also expensive, therefore you need to find tasks for it ... which already sounds strange, because usually tasks appear first, and then launch vehicles are made for them and spacecraft ... In fact, Ryabov's option is quite viable, because on the one hand it does not require the development of a separate expensive heavy rocket, and on the other hand, both the Army and the scientific sector have tasks for it
        2. +1
          30 March 2021 01: 23
          Quote: Vladimir_2U

          Even if only design work is carried out and financed, then this is already not bad, this is a reserve for the future, including in terms of personnel.

          General Director Olga Sokolova ???
          Has anyone heard of this .. constructor?
          Here's an article without a wagon of caps ...
          Moscow's comsomolets. 25.11.2020/XNUMX/XNUMX
          We can no longer compete in space with other leading powers in this area. The President of the Russian Academy of Sciences Alexander Sergeev summed up such a sad conclusion to those present at the meeting of the State Duma Committee on Education and Science on Wednesday.

          Failure of a universal scale

          Our lag has a numerical indicator - space science is funded 60 (!) Less than NASA scientific projects. Projects in other areas of science are also constantly underfunded - in particular, the deadlines for the delivery of advanced accelerators of the megascience level are constantly being shifted to the right. “What are they bringing us to? - asked Sergeev. - Maybe we should completely abandon space? It sounds almost apocalyptic, but at the same time, alas, absolutely real.

          The first "requiem" for Russian science was performed by Vyacheslav Nikonov, Chairman of the Committee on Education and Science, who opened the meeting. He stated that, judging only by the number of scientists, Russia has long ceased to be a leader in the scientific world. “Today there are six times more researchers in China than in Russia, in the United States - twice! Although once we had much more of them, ”Nikonov noted. Only 1 percent of our graduates go to science every year.

          Why is this happening? It seems that the President of the country Vladimir Putin issued a decree back in 2012 to restore the level of funding for science in the amount of 1,77 GDP by 2015. But, alas, it was not fulfilled even by 2020. This level is still 1,1% of GDP.

          It is surprising that even in such an awful situation, science in Russia is still alive and creates projects of the Nobel level. The President of the Russian Academy of Sciences cited the Spektr-RG orbital astrophysical observatory launched into space last summer as an example. Russian NGOs took part in its creation. Lavochkin and the Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, as well as colleagues from Germany. Being at a distance of 1,5 million km from the Earth, the observatory has created a complete map of the sky in a year, by June 2020.

          Another outstanding achievement is the cure for ankylosing spondylitis (chronic systemic joint disease). Scientists have found which cells of their own immunity killed the host organism, and created a substance against them with a targeted effect. By the way, the author of the study himself was sick with ankylosing spondylitis, but recovered from it.

          Alas, all this is a spoonful of honey in a huge barrel of ointment. After all, the same “Spektr-RG” is a project that was planned to be launched into space back in 2016. And whether scientists now, starting from scratch, will be able to raise such a question is a question.

          "Funding for scientific space has been reduced to virtually a minimum, which does not allow us to compete with NASA," admitted the President of the Russian Academy of Sciences. He recalled a recent meeting with the President of the country regarding the Federal Space Program. As you know, it is being cut, and, what is most offensive for scientists, at the expense of scientific space.

          “Under this program for 2016–2025, it was planned to finance 12–15 billion rubles a year for the tasks of scientific space,” Sergeev said. In fact, we see that “by 2022, funding for work should fall to 2,9 billion rubles instead of 15 billion. This year, funding for scientific space, which is in Russia, is 60 times less than funding for scientific space in NASA. "

          Russian cosmonauts failed to complete the main task of spacewalk


          4 RELATED MATERIALS
          We save on the most elementary things - for example, on the instrument base, which has long been morally and physically outdated. 9-12 years for many devices is a very long time. On their renewal, according to Sergeev, in 2020 it is planned to spend about 10 billion rubles, by 2024 this amount should increase to 90 billion. Sounds loud, but really ...

          “What is 90 billion rubles,” Sergeev asked, “this is only 1 billion euros. The amount allocated per year to finance one (!) European institution ”. But the success of science, the level of competitiveness largely depends on the possession of unique tools. Here Aleksandr Mikhailovich remembered the installations of the “megasigns” level, such as the research nuclear reactor on the territory of the St. Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics named after BP Konstantinov in Gatchina: “In 2010, he was transferred to Kurchatnik (Kurchatov Institute. - Auth.). Its president, Mikhail Kovalchuk, promised to quickly put it into operation, but the 20th year is already running out, and the launch is being postponed. "

          And there is such a lag in almost everything. The space program is scheduled to launch the Luna-2024, Luna-25 and Luna-26 vehicles by 27. But let me, the Americans and the Chinese by this time will already launch manned stations with cosmonauts to the Moon, create scientific towns. “Are we going to send only the automatic station ?! - the President of the Russian Academy of Sciences is reasonably perplexed. “Problems with constant shifts and long-term construction lead to the fact that projects become obsolete and sometimes become of no interest not only to the world scientific community, but also to ourselves.”

          Of course, scientists can be told: there is no money in the country, if you don’t like it, don’t even take what you are given. "But what, then, should we give up space altogether, from the creation of modern sources of neutrons?" - asks the President of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

          Alas, everything seems to be heading for that. According to Sergeev, the president of the country gave instructions to restore funding for scientific space at the proper level, but subsequent meetings at the level of the Ministry of Finance showed that this is probably unlikely to be done. The question is, what is the point in these instructions if the officials ignore them anyway?
          MK 25.11.2020
          1. -2
            31 March 2021 04: 16
            Quote: ROSS_51
            General Director Olga Sokolova ???
            Has anyone heard of this .. constructor?

            This .... what, who? Do not hesitate to finish talking, because it is very masculine, not knowing the person right there to christen him ... Well, okay ...
            Quote: ROSS_51
            We can no longer compete in space with other leading powers in this area. The President of the Russian Academy of Sciences Alexander Sergeev summed up such a sad conclusion on Wednesday at a meeting of the State Duma Committee on Education and Science.
            His, as I understand, you know, in this case, ask him a question, and when we hear the answer, I think we will all understand here, why we have so few scientists ... So the question is, remember the recent events in connection with Navalny, remember the Chechen " lion "who desperately, courageously and fearlessly fought with the riot police, answer what such" lions "do at Moscow State University (emnip, it was there he" studied "), and not in the army, why did the students of such an institution appear at the rally, they must be able to think ! .... Let the member of the Russian Academy of Sciences answer when they stop getting into elite educational institutions - rams for magarychs ...
            1. -1
              31 March 2021 04: 23
              In case you haven't heard ...
            2. -1
              31 March 2021 04: 37
              Quote: midivan
              Quote: ROSS_51
              General Director Olga Sokolova ???
              Has anyone heard of this .. constructor?

              This .... what, who? Do not hesitate to finish talking, because it is very masculine, not knowing the person right there to christen him ... Well, okay ...

              How is it feminine .. to ascribe to another person, not knowing him, his thoughts, and then, on the basis of these conjectures of his, accuse him ... "She came up with it, she took offense" (c) anecdote, not mine.
              Well, I will convey your call for a response from the President of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
              1. 0
                31 March 2021 05: 54
                Quote: ROSS_51
                Well, I will convey your call for a response from the President of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

                Will you show me where I demanded "call to account"? As far as I know, this is an expression that requires punishment for what you have done. Let's assume that this was not a call, but a request to tell the time when they will study honestly, and not by pull. I do not thirst for the blood of those who help "learn" to stupid people and those who, in principle, need it for show and show off, but there is a desire to minimize hypocrisy at all levels of government.
                1. 0
                  31 March 2021 23: 57
                  Quote: midivan
                  Let the member of the RAS answer

                  Quote: midivan

                  Will you show me where I demanded "call to account"?
                  1. +1
                    April 1 2021 00: 33
                    Quote: ROSS_51
                    Quote: midivan
                    Let the member of the RAS answer

                    Quote: midivan

                    Will you show me where I demanded "call to account"?

                    It's not good to do that crying
                    Quote: midivan
                    Let the member of the RAS answer when the elite

                    In a completely different way, isn't it? Meant to the question and it was clear.
          2. 0
            April 4 2021 14: 17
            Quote: ROSS_51
            Here Aleksandr Mikhailovich remembered the installations of the “megasigns” level, such as the research nuclear reactor on the territory of the St. Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics named after BP Konstantinov in Gatchina: “In 2010, he was transferred to Kurchatnik (Kurchatov Institute. - Auth.). Its president, Mikhail Kovalchuk, promised to quickly put it into operation, but the 20th year is already running out, and the launch is being postponed. "

            Of course, I understand that everything is bad with science and we will all drown, but ... The Gatchina PIK reactor seems to have already been launched. And they launched it at full capacity. And this is really a breakthrough in science at the level of "megascience". All the same, information is becoming obsolete, life in science does not stand still. Although it is marking time.
      2. +5
        26 March 2021 06: 27
        The capitalists promise to create 700-800 jobs and use billions of budget funds, but why this shuttle is and what will come of it, no one knows.
        1. -10
          26 March 2021 07: 08
          Why the shuttle, everyone knows. But even if everything is "perfect" and in 7-10 lei it will fly, then for sure there will already be something more massively produced in the west and in China, and as usual we will be dunked in sanctions, well, those who will show interest in the project ... They just don't need competitors)
          1. +17
            26 March 2021 13: 37
            Why is an interesting question. And I, for example, have no clear answer to it.
            But there is another question
            Why post such nonsense for the third time in a couple of days? Is this a sensation? World achievement?
            Is this site a kind of yellow press or a serious resource?
            What is it all about?
            That someone, somewhere, showed something to someone. As far as you can understand - the layout. Closed mode.
            There is absolutely no even general data or product characteristics. Even the concept of this miracle has not been announced.
            No engine information available.
            By the glider.
            Thermal protection.
            For a specific PH.
            There is nothing but words. Zilch.
            One empty chatter.
            It is clear that Lightning needs to get a certain amount of money to support the pants.
            But why should we read these fantasies every day?
            And why is this "news" of the day before yesterday's spill published in the "Armament" section, if Lightning is positioning this project as a purely civilian one?
            1. +12
              26 March 2021 13: 50
              Quote: Cosm22
              Is this site a kind of yellow press or a serious resource?

              A very interesting question .... Over time, I come to the conclusion that this resource is nothing more than a club "out of boredom to chat about anything." Articles with a minimum set of specific information. The authors of the articles are, in general, unknown people. Interviews with venerable insiders have never been and are unlikely to be. The unidirectional ideology of the site also looks strange. Well, how else can you characterize the resource?
              1. +9
                26 March 2021 14: 53
                The site is supported by interesting commentators, if you turn off comments, I will quickly forget about it.
                1. -1
                  27 March 2021 14: 45
                  Held on, little amendment
      3. -1
        April 2 2021 13: 41
        Quote: Mikhail Malakhov_2
        Nevermind..
        The usual chatter ..
        The worse things are today, the more bright the prospects and projections will be for us.

        Given the state of the industry, to say that it will fly in 5 years is rash
      4. 0
        6 June 2021 22: 56
        Usually lightning strikes the firmament and shatters into smithereens. You can fly only by jumping into those light bulbs on the firmament that the guys broke from the slingshot. But you need to be very aiming in order to slip through the firmament of heaven through the socket of a broken light bulb.
    2. +4
      26 March 2021 07: 02
      Already in August, the management of Roskosmos ordered to start work, "then" the project from Molnia is being developed on its own initiative. "

      It's just that promises from Roskosmos no longer go to the public, so they came in with projects from a related organization. wink
    3. +6
      26 March 2021 08: 12
      And what is there to understand? Go to the lightning website, and there is generally zero from what Kirill has sprinkled here. In general, there is nothing about spaceplanes in the news feed. Only target missiles from real cases.
    4. +2
      26 March 2021 13: 01
      Quote: KCA
      I don’t understand the inconsistency of the information - either "Already in August, the Roskosmos management ordered to start work," then "the project from Molnia is being developed on an initiative basis," Ivan Iosifovich, you either take off the cross, or put on your panties ...

      If I understand correctly, NPO Molniya is part of the Kalashnikov concern and thus is not part of Roskosmos.
      Thus, the leadership of Roskosmos has ordered "in its diocese" in relation to subordinate / controlled enterprises, and the NGO Molniya is developing independently, independently of Roskosmos "at its own peril and risk."
      At the same time, Roskosmos may not know what is happening and what the NGO Molniya, which is not under its control, is doing.
      So what's the contradiction?
  2. +2
    26 March 2021 04: 08
    I understand that the comparison is incorrect, but it is interesting to know which will take off first. Starship or this shuttle. After all, if the Starship is created and operated in the form in which it is shown. This will revolutionize the aerospace industry. With the advent of the Falcon 9, the first stage of which has already completed its ninth flight, people began to ask the question of the meaning of disposable carriers with a load of more than five tons. The appearance of Starship will also call into question the meaning of developing a large number of projects.
    1. KCA
      -2
      26 March 2021 04: 19
      Starship is not an orbital ship, it is a jumper with a space walk for 10 minutes and landing
      1. 0
        26 March 2021 04: 26
        Jumping is Super Heavy. It has already been announced that Starship will deliver cargo from one point of the planet to another. Consequently, Starship, again, if it meets the declared characteristics, will be able to capture satellites in low orbit, then the question is in the fairing and manipulator. I don't see any problems here.
      2. +2
        26 March 2021 05: 59
        Quote: KCA
        Starship is not an orbital ship, it is a jumper with a space walk for 10 minutes and landing
        "Starship" is such a "bouncy" that in the lunar version it will have to bounce up to the moon, and in the Martian version - even to Mars. Not such a weak bouncer lol
      3. -3
        26 March 2021 07: 57
        Starship spaceship to fly to Mars
  3. +12
    26 March 2021 04: 49
    Quote: KCA
    Starship is not an orbital ship, it is a jumper with a space walk for 10 minutes and landing

    do not confuse
    left Super Heavy, right Starship
    together the project is called Starship (yes, this is such a squiggle)

    1. +8
      26 March 2021 04: 59
      And by the way, the first iteration of Super Heavy has already been assembled. But test jumps will start from the second iteration. Logistics, assembly and manufacturing instructions will be tested at BN1.

  4. -2
    26 March 2021 05: 07
    Cyril, this does not mean anything, demonstration of the layout to the "favorites". According to the old Russian tradition, everything can be changed a hundred times, including the dimensions of the spaceplane. And, in general, why fence a garden, there are ready-made projects and even samples! For example, Baikal, for example, is much cheaper to replace electronics with more modern ones than to create a new spacecraft from scratch, and save several years in time.
    1. AUL
      +3
      26 March 2021 06: 35
      However, while the project is in its early stages, and this leads to certain risks. In general, the situation is conducive to optimism, but so far one cannot exclude certain difficulties that could slow down the project or lead to its closure.
      And what exactly is conducive to optimism? Plywood layout? Something against the background of the situation with the "Federation", which is already "Eagle", optimism somehow does not bloom!
    2. +4
      26 March 2021 06: 46
      Quote: Thrifty
      And, in general, why fence a garden, there are ready-made projects and even samples! For example, Baikal, for example, is much cheaper to replace electronics with more modern ones than to create a new spacecraft from scratch, and it saves several years in time.
      You do not understand. This is different. lol
      "Baikal" ("Wing-SV") is a promising reusable first stage accelerator LV "Angara". It will never reach orbit. Its function is, so to speak, the first kick to the carrier from the launch pad, lifting it up to 100 kilometers and, having unfastened it, back to the sinful Earth. He is not capable of more. smile
      1. -6
        26 March 2021 07: 34
        Errr -on can be the basis, there is documentation for it, there is one ready-made sample, if desired, Baikal can be made a reusable spacecraft!
        1. +1
          26 March 2021 08: 39
          Quote: Thrifty
          if desired, Baikal can be made a reusable spacecraft!
          belay
          "Zaporozhets" - a humpbacked limousine - it's really cool, but only to catch the imagination of a respected audience. Yes
      2. +1
        26 March 2021 10: 16
        Quote: Herrr
        He is not capable of more

        And don't! For "more" it was not created! Let him do well what he is intended for!
        1. +2
          26 March 2021 14: 45
          So it and I about the same. drinks
    3. +1
      26 March 2021 07: 13
      Saving is the enemy of the big drank! As well as saving time.
    4. 0
      26 March 2021 08: 43
      Do you think Baikal has moved beyond the layout at one time? It seemed like they potryndeli the same way, shouted, made a model and calmed down.
  5. +19
    26 March 2021 05: 42
    Yes, yes, it will be beneficial and highly beneficial ... I will not be sad, I just smiled in the morning. There is already a station on the Lunar Lagrange Point, the emergency rescue system of the heavy launch vehicle has been tested, the robots have filled the entire orbit, the module has cracked, and so on and so forth of the promises of a long roll. It is a pity that with every promised lie their nose does not grow like Pinocchio's.
  6. +7
    26 March 2021 06: 18
    Dreams from a series of promises of 25 million high-tech jobs.
    1. -6
      26 March 2021 14: 14
      Well, 25 million new high-tech jobs can be created - only there will be no one to work there, since there are physically no 25 million highly qualified unemployed in Russia.
      And a spacecraft within 38 tons with the corresponding dimensions is now quite realistic engines for it RD 704 there are heat-shielding materials can be borrowed from the Vanguard control system the same is modern CAD 3D and modeling is available - everything is there except the launch vehicle from in 2027, but by this time the spacecraft will do - everything depends on financing.
      1. -3
        26 March 2021 17: 18
        Um ...
        About RD-704 - too optimistic.
        There is no exact data even for the RD-701. The guys from Energomash are somehow reluctant to eat old through their teeth.
        And what, in principle, are the advantages in this particular case of a three-component system over a pure hydrogen one? Let's not forget that the miracle that Lightning is painting is not Buran. And not the PH stage. This is a device with very limited dimensions (it somehow needs to be hidden under the fairing of the second Union) and volume. And the fewer structural elements in its architecture, the better. Including fuel systems, tanks, etc.
        Another thing is the vertical start of a three-component liquid-propellant rocket engine, for example, a stage with a SC. Which is not limited by such strict size limits. Here you can play with the sliding nozzle. If, of course, this solves all the problems with criticism. And with the overall complexity of the entire unit.
        1. +2
          27 March 2021 16: 29
          "There is no exact data even for RD-701". Has already
          "Liquid propellant rocket engine (LRE) produced by NPO Energomash, is made according to the scheme with the afterburning of oxidizing generator gas. Three-component liquid-propellant rocket engine for the reusable MAKS space transport system. The oxidizer is liquid oxygen, the fuel components are kerosene or liquid hydrogen. Depending on the used fuel." mode engine, a mixture of fuels or hydrogen alone can be used.

          The oxygen-hydrogen mode is intended for use in vacuum where the specific impulse is at its maximum. For the initial acceleration, kerosene is used, for further acceleration, hydrogen. Such a scheme allows the use of fuel with the lowest density where the engine efficiency is maximum, which has the effect of reducing the volume of tanks and, accordingly, their mass by about 30%. The mode with the use of kerosene is characterized by a pressure value in the main combustion chamber ("OSG") equal to 300 bar, which is the highest value among liquid fuel rocket engines in 2009. Also on the basis of the RD-701, a single-chamber version of the RD-704 has been developed.
          The two-chamber RD-701 has 2 operating modes.

          In the first mode, 3 components are supplied to each combustion chamber: kerosene (flow rate - 73,7 kg / s), liquid hydrogen (29,5 kg / s) and liquid oxygen (388,4 kg / s). This mode is intended for operation at the initial stage of flight in the lower atmosphere. Thrust (at an altitude of 10 km) - 2 × 1890,2 kN, specific impulse - 3 845 m / s.

          In the second mode, only 2 components are supplied to each chamber: hydrogen (24,7 kg / s) and oxygen (148,5 kg / s). This mode is switched on at the high-altitude section of the trajectory, and thrust (in the void) of 2 × 784,5 kN develops in it, the specific impulse is 4 m / s.

          In the nozzle heads of the combustion chambers, 3 nozzle groups are installed, each for a respective component. In the second mode, the kerosene group does not work. The cooling component in both modes is hydrogen. "
          "RD-704 is a smaller version of RD-701, which uses the same components and the same engine operation, but using one pre-combustion chamber, one nozzle and one OSG." The new spacecraft is more than sure to be made for the Angara A5B - just in the 27th they will make both a rocket and a spacecraft.
  7. +2
    26 March 2021 06: 32
    It is not entirely clear. There was a lot of information that such reusable ships do not justify themselves. Therefore, the United States closed the Space Shuttle program. It turns out like nothing. And again there was a photo of Buran
  8. +12
    26 March 2021 06: 43
    After a long break NPO Molniya restored its competence in the field of aerospace systems


    Seriously?
  9. +1
    26 March 2021 07: 37
    professional growth of KB, incl. due to new employees.

    And how many of these "new" ones still have to learn? Look, they are already Il-112, these "new" are overweight.
  10. +2
    26 March 2021 07: 41
    In general, they promise to repeat the Soviet "BOR" (1969-1974)
    1. Aag
      0
      29 March 2021 09: 03
      Quote: Aviator_
      In general, they promise to repeat the Soviet "BOR" (1969-1974)

      It looks like ... In general, the program "Spiral", in addition to engineering, production victories, is also an exciting spy "series" ... Apparently, a new "series" is on its way). ).
  11. +7
    26 March 2021 08: 08
    I'm not gloating in any way. But most likely there is no "initiative", the go-ahead was given from above. The goal is propaganda in the next 5-10 years to show that we are not lagging behind in space and that we have a lightweight, reusable, unparalleled apparatus.
    1. -3
      26 March 2021 14: 17
      Well, in general, such analogs were developed back in the 60s in the United States and they now have their own mini shuttles, unmanned.
      1. +2
        26 March 2021 15: 43
        so those who do not have analogs will not work here.

        It depends on what sauce to serve. Buran, for example, on REN TV, is still an unparalleled spacecraft, which carried out an independent landing in a fully automatic mode.
        Or, for example, on TV they say that our diesel-electric submarines are the best non-nuclear submarines. True, they forget about the Germans and Japanese from their VNEU.
  12. Eug
    +3
    26 March 2021 09: 03
    Lozino-Lozinsky had a smaller ICA project in comparison with Buran, it even came to launching a model and catching it in the Indian Ocean. But then Glushko "pushed through" the Energia-Buran project in a form known to all.
  13. +1
    26 March 2021 09: 21
    Well, if Rogozin said, then don't expect anything good. The construction of the Vostochny cosmodrome will soon come to an end, now they urgently need a new project for cutting.
  14. +10
    26 March 2021 09: 36
    Soviet society made science fiction a reality

    Let's see what modern managers are capable of
    1. +17
      26 March 2021 10: 55
      This is their goal.
    2. -6
      26 March 2021 14: 19
      The USSR simply repeated what was done in the United States, only we got it more expensive and more complicated because it was launched with a rocket.
      1. +3
        26 March 2021 20: 28
        as the rocket was launched.

        This was the point - they created a heavy universal carrier "Energy", which could put a lot of things into space except for "Buran". It all ended with the death of the country. The Americans still do not have a heavy carrier.
        1. -2
          27 March 2021 16: 38
          "The Americans still do not have a heavy carrier." There is already a Falcon Heavy recently, the first stage of the SLS has passed its last tests, and now it will be sent to Florida to the Kennedy Space Center, where it will be docked with the rest of the rocket, installed Orion as a payload and sent in November this year on the first flight under the Artemis 1 program - flying around the moon in an unmanned aerial vehicle mode.
          1. 0
            27 March 2021 16: 47
            now it will be sent to Florida at the Kennedy Space Center where it will be docked with the rest of the rocket, installed Orion as a payload and sent in November this year on its maiden flight

            When they send them around the moon, then it will be possible to say that they have a heavy carrier.
            1. +1
              28 March 2021 18: 42
              It has flown three times already - the Falcon Heavy will fly two or three more times this year.
              1. 0
                28 March 2021 19: 13
                It has flown three times already - the Falcon Heavy will fly two or three more times this year.

                I talked about flying around the moon. We have Angara-5 also flew 2 times, but this does not mean that it has been worked out.
                1. 0
                  30 March 2021 13: 43
                  Unlike Angara-5, Musk already displays the payload on Heavy and gets paid for it.
                  Angara-5 has not yet brought out a single kilogram of PN.
                  It is strange to say that there is no heavy carrier before the flight to the Moon. The first launch to the Moon at Heavy is planned for the 24th, sort of like the output of PPE and HALO to the lunar gate for Artemis.
                  1. +1
                    30 March 2021 20: 24
                    The first launch to the Moon at Heavy is planned for the 24th,

                    Do not run in front of the locomotive, at 24 it will become clear who has it.
                    1. 0
                      April 4 2021 23: 37
                      No one is running. From whether there will be a flight with the output of the lunar gate modules in the 24th or not - nothing fundamentally changes for Musk (and Heavy herself).
                      Heavy will fly until 24. And continue to bring money to SpaceX.
  15. +5
    26 March 2021 10: 30
    peremogs and promises ...
    Elections in the fall ....
  16. +5
    26 March 2021 10: 49
    Guys, the NGO "Molnia" is not part of ROSCOSMOS. Rogozin can paste over his orders to the address of this enterprise. Here is the composition of Roskosmos https://www.roscosmos.ru/24028/
    The day before yesterday, the head of NPO Molniya Olga Sokolova spoke about the reusable ship https://topwar.ru/181214-razrabotchik-burana-nachal-sozdanie-novogo-mnogorazovogo-kosmicheskogo-kompleksa.html fellow Better to show and run laughing developed by "Eagle" / "Federation".
    1. -6
      26 March 2021 14: 22
      The launch of the Eagle is scheduled for 2023, and flight tests in an unmanned version should begin. -Wait.
    2. +1
      26 March 2021 15: 39
      And Rogozin is not about that. Rogozin talks about creating something similar to the structure of Roscosmos. This author has mixed two different events in one article.
  17. +4
    26 March 2021 11: 12
    At first, the real Burany rotted away, now they decided to draw a new project ........ Russia cannot be understood with the mind No.
  18. +5
    26 March 2021 12: 29
    Has Rygozin already darned the trampoline?
  19. +6
    26 March 2021 12: 36
    They want to revive one more "rubber overshoe". Although all our achievements in space come from the rubber galoshes of the USSR.
    1. -4
      26 March 2021 14: 26
      Buran is technically outdated in production technologies and the cost of launching it makes no sense to repeat it - now the spacecraft will be made according to the requirements of today and tomorrow. Old ears should remain on the shelf of history.
      1. 0
        28 March 2021 17: 29
        What do we have in high-tech space now? Reusable rockets? So we are even further away from this than to Buran-Energiya. Just don't say that Angara has a competitive launch cost and manufacturability.
        1. 0
          28 March 2021 18: 49
          The hangar, if anything for the military was created primarily for the internal needs of Russia - in exchange for the outdated Proton and taking into account its modernization and the introduction of new production solutions, it will become quite technologically advanced with commerce this is for Union 5 it is promising to launch it in the region of $ 55 million as Falcon 9 - I hope flight design tests will begin in the period 2022-2024, and there they will begin to test the light reusable SV Wing.
  20. +2
    26 March 2021 14: 31
    Spaceplanes in the form in which they are presented by Buran, Shuttle and other, dead-end branch of development. Large masses on them cost 2-3 times more expensive than disposable systems. Small shuttles are a toy of the military. What Musk is right, so in the fact that a reusable system should do without additional elements, such as a launch pad and additional accelerating blocks. But what he creates, God help, will not fly further than the moon (ideally). I advise optimists to take a calculator and still calculate the required amount of fuel / oxidizer for output the declared useful mass (actually the starship + cargo + fuel for the mission) into a low reference orbit. That is why neither NASA nor Rosskosmos take seriously Musk's statements. Russia should have gotten out of the canopy the development of Myasishchev's spaceplanes. M-19 in terms of new materials and technologies.
    1. -1
      30 March 2021 09: 31
      Quote: shinobi
      I advise optimists to take a calculator and still calculate the required amount of fuel / oxidizer
      Have you used the calculator taking into account the participation of tankers? Musk initially divided the Starhevy + Starship ecosystem into several operational options that will be combined with each other.
      Without an orbital refueling, yes, he cannot jump beyond the moon.
      1. 0
        April 2 2021 04: 48
        There is nothing to do in large space without nuclear power plants. When using the scheme with tankers, we will again, in the end, return to the modular assembly scheme. And why then fence the garden?
        1. 0
          April 4 2021 23: 41
          NASA, without nuclear propulsion systems, has already visited all the planets of the solar system, up to Pluto, and even went beyond its limits with research missions.
          Is it still not big enough space?
          Who needs to go, and not checkers - they use what is, and not excuses that now we will have a nuclear drive, and so we fly in! ..
          1. 0
            April 7 2021 03: 12
            A probe weighing 1,5 tons is not a manned flight. The man has not yet flown beyond the moon, and then it is questionable whether he flew. Again, all, yes, absolutely all long-range missions that are known to date, were dragged in itself an atomic source of energy and heat supply. Already in the middle of the flight to Mars, the lack of sunlight for power panels begins to affect. And if for small devices this is not critical, then for the same Voyagers and Vikings it was a problem, not to mention later models with Holovskoy Without nuclear power plants, manned flights and, moreover, the development of the moon and Mars is a very risky undertaking. And very expensive in itself. And yes, NASA undertook to upgrade its atomic drive of the nerve precisely for these reasons.
            1. 0
              April 9 2021 19: 55
              absolutely all devices for long-range missions that are known today, dragged in themselves an atomic source of energy and heat supply
              This is an outright lie.
              Many long-distance missions (beyond the orbit of the Moon) do not have anything "vigorous" inside, and nevertheless work successfully.
              Find, for example, this at MRO.
              Has been slicing in Mars orbit for 15 years now, and feels great.
              1. 0
                April 11 2021 04: 19
                Say no? Well, well, blessed are those who believe.
                1. 0
                  April 12 2021 10: 57
                  The United States is still lying, or what, about its vehicles in deep space?
                  Well, the Indian Mangalyan is in the orbit of Mars exactly the same, for the 8th year it has been working there from solar panels.
                  And the Indians lie? ..
                  Chinese Tianwen-1, which is preparing to land on Mars, is also announced as powered by the SB (both the orbiter and their rover).
                  And the Japanese, flying with missions to the asteroid belt (beyond the orbit of Mars), too, do not believe it, do without nuclear power sources.
                  No one argues that beyond the orbit of Jupiter and beyond, nuclear sources (primarily for heating apparatus) are useful and necessary.
                  But before the orbit of Jupiter ...
                  In case you're not in the know, Juno exploring Jupiter dispenses with a nuclear source ... and works successfully.
                  So no bullshit is needed.
                  Those who want to explore deep space have been doing it for a long time, and are not expecting some magical nuclear engines.
  21. +3
    26 March 2021 15: 10
    In general, the latest news from the rocket and space sector allows us to make optimistic assessments. After a long break, NPO Molniya has restored its competence in the field of aerospace systems and is already developing a new project of this kind. The general appearance of the spaceplane has been formed; it is implemented as a mock-up and shown to a limited audience, consisting of specialists and responsible persons.


    I am afraid that the restoration of competence is somewhat more than a demonstration of a mock-up. And can Lightning alone be able to cope with this? To create and launch such an object, a whole cooperation of enterprises is needed; have they survived now? Is there a chief designer who can stand above them and lead this work?
    And is there any confidence in the queue of civilian commercial customers for the use of this spacecraft, especially foreign ones, taking into account all kinds of sanctions from sworn partners?
  22. 0
    26 March 2021 15: 22
    U.S.:
    It is necessary to develop private astronautics (yes, with subsidies, but still) as it is more efficient and cheaper
    China:
    We need to take all the best from the Americans and also build a private astronautics!
    Rogozin:
    Let's restore the old project, which everyone has already abandoned due to the high cost and inefficiency (shuttle, blizzard)
    Ideally!!! good
  23. +4
    26 March 2021 15: 29
    ... and plans for the future ...
    - again this verbal cotton wool. And what, there may be plans for the past? laughing
    Reusable a ship of the dimension of a union or a spiral on steroids, with a rocket launch (also reusable, and not from the side) and an airplane landing, and in its entirety, without detachable boosters or aggregate compartments, for the withdrawal and return of several people with suitcases, of course, is needed. But apparently they are doing something different.
    The female director general of rocket science? .. belay It seems to be mostly male fun. And she's probably also a lawyer. laughing
  24. AML
    -2
    26 March 2021 16: 24
    Quote: GRIGORIY76

    Or, for example, on TV they say that our diesel-electric submarines are the best non-nuclear submarines. True, they forget about the Germans and Japanese from their VNEU.

    Evono how. It turns out that the best is determined by what is outside. Don't you confuse warm with soft?
  25. AML
    -5
    26 March 2021 16: 26
    Quote: Vadim237
    The USSR simply repeated what was done in the United States, only we got it more expensive and more complicated because it was launched with a rocket.

    Only we have got an independent spaceplane, and the Americans have an appendage to the rocket.
    1. +4
      26 March 2021 16: 40
      Everything is so, just the opposite.
      The Americans did not have a launch vehicle in the Shuttle system, only a fuel tank and two boosters; the shuttle itself took off on its own engines.
      Buran was taken out by the Energia carrier rocket.
      1. AML
        -3
        26 March 2021 16: 46


        Probably the tank was full of holes and fuel leaked out and burned out of it.
        1. +2
          26 March 2021 22: 34
          And you look at 3.08, there you can see everything that is burning from where.
  26. +3
    26 March 2021 17: 14
    All those who created Buran do not work on Lightning anymore ... Then what kind of groundwork can we talk about? Buran already flew in autonomous mode in 1988. 5 years ??? Are you kidding me?
    1. 0
      27 March 2021 16: 41
      And a fundamentally new groundwork with new materials, technical solutions and everything else.
  27. +2
    26 March 2021 19: 16
    When we talk about these space planes, the first question to be asked is "What can a spaceplane do that a normal spacecraft cannot do?"
    I see two options:
    1. Gently release something from orbit in one large piece (optional).
    2. Possibility of horizontal maneuver, that is, to land in a given place.
    3. Doubtful reusability.
    For all this, the spaceplane had to "grow" wings, which are dead weight in 95% of the flight time, and also need thermal protection.
    What is this all for??? We make a TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM !!! First, let's decide on its tasks, and then think about how we will solve them, taking into account the existing experience and best practices.
    We look at the experience of operating the shuttle. The maximum take-off weight is 110 tons, of which 30 tons are in the cargo hold aka the payload that needs to be delivered into space. That is, we throw extra 80 tons of weight into orbit, which then still need to be returned to Earth, which was not always possible :(
    About "Buran" generally keep quiet. 1 flight, though successful and EVERYTHING. There were simply NO tasks for it. I believe that the Buran program is another nail in the coffin of the USSR.
    1. +2
      26 March 2021 23: 18
      We look at the experience of operating the shuttle. The maximum take-off weight is 110 tons, of which 30 tons are in the cargo hold aka the payload that needs to be delivered into space. That is, we throw extra 80 tons of weight into orbit, which then still need to be returned to Earth, which was not always possible :(

      maximum takeoff weight includes fuel, solid fuel boosters and tank weight, which are not delivered to orbit.
      and the spacecraft shuttle itself - "orbiter" - together with engines, fuel and life support systems for a rather large crew.
      1. 0
        27 March 2021 09: 37
        I agree, I put it wrong. It was necessary to write "the maximum weight of the orbital part"
  28. +1
    26 March 2021 19: 43
    Well nedayot X-37B spat.
    Tak khochetsa, no ...
  29. +1
    26 March 2021 23: 51
    The general appearance of the spaceplane has been formed; it is implemented as a mock-up and shown to a limited audience, consisting of specialists and responsible persons.

    Of course, you can't show anyone to just anyone - they will ridicule and disgrace. The specialists are not all dead yet or have left. And why not a lured shoble? There is even a buzzword - presentation, yes!
  30. +2
    27 March 2021 10: 15
    An important feature of the project is the fact that it is being developed by the NGO Molniya, which was originally created to solve such problems. It was this enterprise that in the past developed the most successful domestic AKS with the Buran orbital aircraft. Now this organization gets the opportunity to use the accumulated experience and new developments in a promising project.

    This is if the competencies are preserved. More than 30 years have passed since the launch of Buran. It is unlikely that those engineers and workers who performed that feat are still working, especially after the "dashing and stormy 90s". sad sad
    1. +2
      27 March 2021 10: 23
      30 years ago, about 1200 enterprises, factories and institutes participated in the creation of Buran. And I'm not sure these organizations exist. Lightning and Roscosmos are not enough. The level of design documentation was very low, almost sketchy, everything was based on the high qualifications of specialists, almost like in a joke - to finish it with a file. And I doubt the availability of documentation for that project in the amount necessary for use in a new project.
      1. -1
        27 March 2021 16: 48
        Now such a ship is much easier to create than in the 70s and 80s - now there is a CAD system 3D modeling Internet of things neural networks additive means of production new materials from alloys to composites new production methods, processing new equipment, etc.
        "I doubt the availability of documentation for that project to the extent necessary for use in a new project." Now it makes no sense.
        1. +2
          27 March 2021 17: 30
          You exaggerate the capabilities of CAD, I myself work in 3D. Young people are good at numbers and only, there is no creative approach to the task, basically 3D work resembles the work of a draftsman, their brains are busy with computer construction.
          Adrian Newey, the best constructor of Formula 1, works on the drawing board and says that he works with paper without intermediaries, and his young colleagues translate his ideas into figures. First you need to come up with something in your head, and then with the help of AutoCAD, Katya, Bentley and other CAD systems, create 3D, and then create on this basis a drawing with the required dimensions for manufacturing, a 3D printer can make a model, the machine can process it according to the program, but for serial production from the right materials, drawings are required.
          And then composites were widely used in Buran. The capabilities of technology have increased significantly, but smart brains have not increased, and even graduates of Moscow State University, from the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics and Physics, are intercepted by banking structures to work as analysts and IT. The shortage of personnel in the aerospace industry is significant due to low wages.
          1. 0
            28 March 2021 19: 06
            "And composites were widely used in Buran even then." And what are they? Over the past 32 years since its flight, more than 3000 new alloys and composites have been created, the last of which is more than promising, if not a breakthrough one.
            "Scientists from the Pereslavl Research Institute of Space and Aviation Materials have created a new-generation composite material capable of withstanding enormous loads. A 5-millimeter-wide strip with a dead weight of 2 grams can hold a load weighing more than 500 kilograms. Neither steel nor aviation aluminum can handle this. the same, unlike the classic epoxy polymers actively used in civil aviation, the new material is fireproof, moisture resistant and does not deform during use.

            The material was named "aristar" from the Greek and Latin "best" and "star". According to the developers, it is designed for use in technologies of the future, requiring high strength in combination with low weight, refractory properties, and also resistance to radiation exposure. The invention has Russian and international patents and has been tested.

            “The technology on the basis of which we have developed this material has been known to scientists for about 20 years, but over all these years, they have been able to achieve success only in the United States; experiments have been carried out in Japan for 15 years. It took us seven years, but in terms of properties, our development is ahead of the American one, - said Vasily Aristov, Honorary Professor of the Academic Union of Oxford in the field of business, management and scientific research, General Director of NIIKAM LLC. - Such material has properties that should help people in further space exploration as an element of supporting structures and antennas. Also aristar can be used in civil aviation. It now actively uses epoxy polymers similar in external characteristics, but they do not have resistance when exposed to fire. It can be used in shipbuilding, fire-fighting technologies, and is promising for the nuclear industry. By using such material, we will save thousands of lives.

            In 2020, Pereslavl scientists created aristide material suitable for use in aviation, space and other fields. It is 10 times lighter than aircraft grade aluminum and can withstand temperatures up to 1300 degrees while remaining fire resistant. In addition, it can withstand a pistol shot and gradually regenerate. According to scientists, Aristide is a worthy replacement for aviation aluminum and epoxy polymers. In terms of its ability to retain heat, 3 millimeters of this material can be equal to a meter of brickwork, so its scope is wide enough. At present, the material is already used in the production of radio-technical products and as thermal insulation for satellite systems. "
            The capabilities of technology have increased significantly, but smart brains have not increased, and even graduates of Moscow State University, from the Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics and Physics, are intercepted by banking structures to work as analysts and IT. Not everyone is intercepted, but in fact, smart as fools as it was before and remains now.
  31. +1
    27 March 2021 12: 08
    Quote: GRIGORIY76
    I'm not gloating in any way. But most likely there is no "initiative", the go-ahead was given from above. The goal is propaganda in the next 5-10 years to show that we are not lagging behind in space and that we have a lightweight, reusable, unparalleled apparatus.

    Which, even if it is created, will have no analogues, including ours.
  32. +2
    27 March 2021 14: 39
    Tushinsky Machine-Building In 1980-1990 (until 1993) the company carried out the construction of manned space shuttle Buran.

    In Soviet times, the plant employed 28 thousand people, in the early 2000s - about 3500 people, in 2012 there were 1500 people [3]. In 2013, the number of employees was 860 people [4]; according to the bankruptcy commissioner, as of 2013, the number of employees of the enterprise was 886 people, while during the bankruptcy in 2013-2015. 706 employees were dismissed from the enterprise [5]. After the organized bankruptcy procedure of the plant in 2013-2015, no more than 150 people remained in the state.
    1. 0
      27 March 2021 16: 53
      Buran was assembled at the Tushino machine-building plant. For a new production and assembly, most likely, the shop will be created directly on the Vostochny by railway to transport components and assemblies and assemble there.
  33. 0
    27 March 2021 17: 10
    the opposition is "what do we want?" It never bothers me that we still fly on alliances, I suspect if the disaster of Colombia had not happened, the Americans would have been flying on shuttles superior to Musk's crafts. but since it is not appropriate for the superpower to fly into space on the ships of the gas station country, it was necessary to urgently give birth to something and + a mask that for less money he made a ship earlier than a Boeing. But what do we need? if everything is at the same pace, then the modernized unions will come down, why reinvent the wheel "the best enemy of the good" and not always for the better. if you need more pods to the near-earth orbit, then you need a larger apparatus and it is not a fact that the reusable shuttles were invented at one time in order to reduce the cost of flights, but they turned out to be more expensive, and even now, judging by the fact that NASA has raised the cost of bringing the cargo to the ISS with rockets, the mask is expensive (as the version of the rocket, the mask is cheap, and the increase in the cost of launching, sawing the dough into the pocket of the mask and Boeing), if more often you need to display it, you can remember about the air launch, if on the moon then about "energy" to deliver cargo from orbit, it makes no sense to put a satellite weighing several tons into a ship of tens of tons and use expensive "energy" when it can be placed under the fairing and sent to a cheap union.
  34. AML
    +1
    27 March 2021 20: 40
    Quote: Avior
    And you look at 3.08, there you can see everything that is burning from where.


    What should I watch. The shuttle started with the participation of своих engines.

    In the USSR, there were 3 independent and self-sufficient projects - Energia, Buran and AN 225. Energiya is a super-heavy rocket, which today is the last rocket created by mankind in this class. If Energiya was a dead end, then why are the Russian Federation and the United States developing heavy missiles now? And Buran could start from an air launch. Mriya was sharpening exactly for this. Therefore, there is no need to tell tales about how economical Americans are. And the USSR is stupid quilted jackets.
  35. 0
    28 March 2021 09: 58
    Quote: AML
    And Buran could start from an air launch. Mriya was sharpening exactly for this. Therefore, there is no need to tell tales about how economical Americans are. And the USSR is stupid quilted jackets.

    How if Buran had engines only for maneuver
    1. AML
      0
      28 March 2021 14: 21
      Quote: Citelle 2013
      Quote: AML
      And Buran could start from an air launch. Mriya was sharpening exactly for this. Therefore, there is no need to tell tales about how economical Americans are. And the USSR is stupid quilted jackets.

      How if Buran had engines only for maneuver

      In addition to shunting engines, Buran also had pre-accelerating engines, so he had the ability to air launch and could make maneuvers in space. Unlike the shuttle, which, after being separated from the tank, was practically brick. Yes, the shuttle could maneuver in a very small range. And the shuttle was landing with the engine off, so a fig cloud of spare lanes was built
      1. +1
        28 March 2021 14: 41
        You can wonder what kind of pre-accelerating engines that can lift from Mriya well, let Mriya ascend 15 kilometers, into orbit and where is the fuel for this maneuver
        We note that Buran also planned during landing and no engines, like the Shuttle, were not provided for landing.
        1. AML
          0
          28 March 2021 15: 13
          Heh, the fact that the blizzard has nozzles sticking out does not give you any idea? The blizzard had 4 of its own liquid resources and the thrust-to-weight ratio was more than that of the shuttle. Accordingly, he carried more payload. From the ground, he could hardly go into space on his own without an additional tank, like that of a shuttle, but from an air one he could do it. Mriya was built under Buran, I hope you won't argue with that.
          1. 0
            28 March 2021 19: 08
            "From the ground, he could hardly go into space on his own without an additional tank, like a shuttle, but from an air one he could do it."
  36. 0
    28 March 2021 15: 37
    Quote: AML
    Heh, the fact that the blizzard nozzles stick out does not suggest any idea to you? The blizzard had 4 of its own liquid resources and the thrust-to-weight ratio was more than that of the shuttle. Accordingly, he carried more payload.
    Buran has no engines, except for shunting
    What four engines, what sticks out, what nonsense, well, read, sort out the full information
    1. AML
      0
      28 March 2021 15: 56
      Quote: Citelle 2013
      Buran has no engines, except for shunting
      What four engines, what sticks out, what nonsense, well, read, sort out the full information

      It is easier to deceive a person than to prove that he was deceived. For this I see no point in further discussion. Before advising someone to read, they themselves would have bothered to read, you look and there would not be these canvases of the text.
      1. 0
        28 March 2021 19: 13
        Be that as it may, the future belongs to single-stage aerospace aircraft such as the Tu 2000 project and the English Skylon for launching several tens of tons into orbit and fully reusable rocket systems like Starship.
      2. 0
        28 March 2021 20: 03
        Well, show me these 4 engines, circle them in the photo
  37. AML
    +1
    28 March 2021 21: 47
    Quote: Citelle 2013
    Well, show me these 4 engines, circle them in the photo


    Have fun. There are even pictures.

    https://www.buran.ru/htm/mtkkmain.htm
    1. +1
      29 March 2021 21: 21
      ... the lack of marching engines on the Buran noticeably changed the centering, the position of the wings, the influx configuration, well, and a number of other differences.


      Booster engine "Burana" 17D12
      General designer Lozino-Lozinsky understood the missing propulsion engines as accelerating engines. But on "Buran" there were pre-accelerating cruise engines of the combined propulsion system (ODE), which ensured the completion of the spacecraft into orbit after separation from the launch vehicle, orbital maneuvers and braking before leaving orbit [35]. In the Shuttle, such pre-accelerating engines were the engines of the orbital maneuvering system in addition to the main engines, which, unlike Buran, were on the ship itself, and not on a separate rocket [36].

      Well, something like this smile sort of figured it out
      1. 0
        29 March 2021 21: 34
        Initially, for controlled flight in the atmosphere, "Buran" was to be equipped with two turbojet engines installed in the aerodynamic shadow zone at the base of the keel. However, by the time of the first (and only) launch, this system was not ready for flight, therefore, after entering the atmosphere, the ship was controlled only by steering surfaces without using engine thrust. Before landing, "Buran" carried out a speed-suppressing corrective maneuver (flight in a descending figure eight), after which it went to land. In this single n
    2. 0
      29 March 2021 21: 37
      Thank you for the information, I would give you a plus, but I don't have that opportunity, the contingent has changed too much for VO over the past seven years)))
  38. 0
    April 2 2021 07: 29
    Yes, you don't need to read this little piece ... Two photos of Buran, a photo of an American and a launch vehicle ...
    That is, the sea of ​​water and no specifics ...
    The fortuneteller's story about what happened?
  39. 0
    April 2 2021 12: 50
    Until I see the flying one, I will not believe it. We have so many things thrown halfway through that there is no reason for optimism at all. To begin with, let the "science" dock and the "moon" is planted sobsno on the moon. And most importantly, in order to do something, there must be an economic justification. I would like to know if it is present here at all? Why is a spaceplane better than missiles, if it is a civilian. I understand a military man could have bombed out of orbit. And why carry wings and landing gear into space ... What is more expensive? In short, the main question is why? And how much? Considering that this is not a wunderwaffen self-taking off in one stage of the "skylon" type
  40. 0
    April 2 2021 16: 47
    The article is not entirely correct. If in the United States the spacecraft is used by the military, this does not at all mean that the project does not generate income. The Pentagon has a good budget and can pay for Nasa flights. As for the Molniya bureau, the absence of new projects in the last 35 years will undoubtedly affect the quality of new developments and the speed of their appearance. The brains of the 70s and 80s are all retired. The brains of the 90s and 00s had to look for themselves in other areas. Who can create a modern Buran now? Rogozin Jr.? Or another of his peers with a well-known surname? I highly doubt it.
  41. 0
    April 24 2021 10: 19
    If the payload is a secret, then there is no need to write about the delivery person, so as not to fall under the article. And if you do, then so you need it.
    1. 0
      6 June 2021 22: 58
      If not even in the warehouse, out of tune, kiss the flea on the brick. The boy says that his mother broke the window glass with her plate yesterday But it is not dad's fault that he dodged.
  42. 0
    April 27 2021 18: 16
    There are no more brains to build this. Old people - some are retired, some - in the next world. Young people have no skills at all. What is there to talk about spaceplanes, if the rockets are launched - a modified Vostok Korolev. And KB Tu has not created a single new aircraft in 35 years. The last one is 204/214 developed in the mid-80s. Everything...
  43. kig
    0
    11 June 2021 04: 00
    And what about the microcircuits? Are all of them available?

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