Submarine warfare off the coast of South Africa. Part 2

“The only thing that really scared me during the war was
it is a danger from German submarines. "

W. Churchill "World War II"

By August 1942, the Befehlshaber der Unterseeboote (BdU) had decided that four submarines U-68, U-172, U-504 and U-156 would form the initial core of the German Eisbär wolf pack for a surprise strike on shipping in Cape Town waters ...

U-68, left.

Note. One of the most productive boats in Germany during the Second World War. She made 10 military campaigns, sunk 32 ships (197 grt), damaged 453 ship (1 grt). Loss on April 545, 10, with Avengers and Wildcats depth charges and rockets from Squadron VC-1944 from the USS Guadalcanal escort aircraft carrier.

According to Doenitz's calculations, the submarines should remain in the operational area near Cape Town until about the end of October, after which the Eisbär group will be replaced by a new batch of submarines.

Note. Wolfpack Eisbär and Operation Eisbär are also found in different sources. The Eisbär Wolf Pack operated in the South Atlantic from 25 August to 1 September 1942. Operation Eisbär lasted until December 1942. From the U-68 Combat Log: 31.08.42/1818/1. Radio message 235/24.00/1. The Eisbär group will continue on their own from XNUMX on September XNUMX.

The boats left the Lorient base in the second half of August. At the same time, cash cow U-459 departed from Saint-Nazaire. The submarines had to cover about 6 nautical miles before they reached operational waters off Cape Town.

The Command of Naval Forces (SKL) required submarines to remain undetected all the way to the coast of South Africa. And he counted on the success of strategic surprise.

However, BdU, and Dennitz in particular, had a different opinion. The ultimate goal of the operation, according to him, was determined by constant attacks from submarines, with the maximum inflicted damage.

SKL and BdU reached a compromise: submarines were allowed to attack enemy ships during their voyage to Cape Town.

On September 16, during an operation to rescue survivors from the British transport "Laconia", U-156 was damaged as a result of an attack by the B-24 "Liberator" and was forced to return to base. She was sent to replace U-159, which was in the operational area at the mouth of the Congo River.

Return of U-156, November 16, 1942, Lorient, France

Despite various naval intelligence sources indicating the movement of several submarines south, coupled with the sinking of the British transport Laconia, the Commander-in-Chief (South Atlantic) Admiral Sir Campbell Tate and his headquarters were lulled by a false a sense of security.

Their entire focus was on the Indian Ocean and the perceived Japanese threat.

Admiral Sir William Eric Campbell Tate

Although the Union Defense Force (UDF, South Africa) underwent a reorganization during the first two years of the war, the coast and harbors of South Africa remained highly defensively vulnerable.

The anti-aircraft capabilities of the JAS left much to be desired. When war broke out in 1939, there were only eight 3-inch anti-aircraft guns and six searchlights in the country. And when these guns and searchlights were sent to East Africa, the Union was completely deprived of ground air defense. In terms of air cover, only Cape Town, Durban and Port Elizabeth were supported by the South African Air Force (SAAF).

The war led to a sharp increase in sea traffic around the cape and the number of ships visiting local ports.

The number of cargo ships calling at Cape Town increased from 1 (784–1938) to 1939 (2–559) and 1941 (1942–2). And in Durban from 593 to 1942 and 1943, respectively.

The number of naval vessels visiting Cape Town increased from ten (1938-1939) to 251 (1941-1942) and 306 (1942-1943). And in Durban their number increased from sixteen (in 1938) to 192 (in 1941) and 313 (in 1942).

To protect ships visiting local ports, the construction of new naval bases began: on Salisbury Island in the harbor of Durban and on Robben Island, located in Table Bay. In Cape Town, the Sterrock dry dock was built, capable of servicing (like its counterpart in Durban) battleships and aircraft carriers.

After attacks by Japanese submarines in the harbors of Sydney (Australia) and Diego Suarez (Madagascar), signal cables were laid along the bottom in the ports of Durban and Cape Town to control the movement of ships and vessels. In the Gulf of Saldanha, where the formation of convoys was carried out, it was not until 1943 that a controlled minefield was laid.

By 8 October, South Atlantic Command at Simonstown had only four destroyers and one corvette. The size of the operational area at Cape Town, as well as the fact that submarine attacks extended to Durban, did not allow for the effective use of anti-submarine ships.

By February 1942, the PLO of the remaining South African ports was still in the planning stage.

From 22 to 24 September, the boats of the Eisbar group south of Saint Helena successfully resupplied from U-459 and continued their combat path. The rest of the journey passed without incident, and in the first week of October 1942, the boats arrived on the coast of Cape Town.

On the night of October 6-7, 1942, a large German ocean-going submarine U-172 under the command of Lieutenant Captain K. Emmerman managed to successfully penetrate the Cape Town harbor raid for reconnaissance. She stopped at a close distance from Robben Island, studied the port facilities. And before plunging into the water again, the captain let his crew

"Climb one by one to enjoy a magnificent view of the city, not bothering with blackouts during the war."

From October 7 to 9, U-68, U-159, U-172 sank 13 ships with a total tonnage of 94 brt.

In just one day on October 8, U-68 launched four cargo ships to the bottom. By October 13, the weather turned bad, and strong storms began. U-68 and U-172 were recalled back to base. With the arrival in southern waters of U-177, U-178, U-179 and U-181, BdU headquarters ordered the U-boats to expand their operational patrol areas all the way to Port Elizabeth and Durban.

During the remainder of October and early November, U-178, in conjunction with U-181 and U-177, were ordered to operate off the coast of Laurence Markes and further south to Durban.

The patrolling of the three submarines was extremely successful. They managed to sink 23 merchant ships, including the British military transport "Nova Scotia", which was carrying 800 prisoners of war and internees Italians. Fearing a repeat of the Laconia incident, the BdU ordered the submarines not to undertake rescue operations. The U-177 attack on November 28 killed 858 of the 1052 on board.

With the start of Operation Torch, SKL ordered all remaining German submarines off the South African coast to return to the North Atlantic and Mediterranean to attack the ships of the anti-Hitler coalition.

During the period from October 8 to December 2, eight German submarines sank 53 enemy merchant ships (with a total tonnage of 310 brt), losing only one submarine. The only loss was U-864, sunk on 179 October 8 by depth charges from the British destroyer Aktiv.

HMS Active

The nucleus of the next group "Seal" (Seehund), heading to the southern coast of Africa, were boats U-506, U-516, U-509 and U-160.

The submarines left their bases in December 1942 - January 1943 (U-160) and arrived at the operational area near Cape Town in February 1943. However, operational conditions in the South Atlantic (and especially off the coast of South Africa) changed dramatically from October 1942.

The UDF adopted a series of defensive anti-submarine measures that were aimed at reducing the losses of merchant ships along the South African coast.

The initial period of the operation off the coast between Cape Town and Port Elizabeth yielded a modest result: only six transports (with a total mass of 36 brt) were sunk by three submarines (U-650, U-506 and U-509).

Moving further east to operate off the coast of Durban and the southern Mozambique Canal, U-160 succeeded in sinking six merchant ships between March 3 and 11, for a total of 38 grt.

In the second half of March, Group Seal was ordered to return to the operational area between Cape Town and Port Nollot. In late March, U-509 and U-516 sank two more merchant ships in the Walvis Bay area.

Despite the fact that no submarine was lost during Operation Seal, the results were not as successful as compared to the Eisbar. In the period from February 10 to April 2, 1943, a total of 14 merchant ships (total 85 brt) were sunk.

In April 1943, only U-182 was on patrol off the South African coast, with three ships sunk to its name. U-182 joined U-180 in mid-April.

Note. The submarine was carrying out a covert operation. On April 21, U-180 rendezvous with Japanese submarine I-29 east of Madagascar in the Indian Ocean. The leader of the Indian independence movement, Chandra Bose, and two shipbuilding officers of the Japanese Navy boarded I-29. Captains Amy Tetsushiro and Tomonaga Hideo, who were supposed to learn submarine construction techniques upon their arrival in Germany, boarded the U-180, and two tons of gold bars were received as payment from Japan for weapons technologies.

In the operational area off the South African coast, U-180 sank only one ship.

During April-May, U-180 was joined by U-177, U-181, U-178, U-197 and U-198. Seven merchant ships were sunk in May. At the end of June, the submarines replenished their supplies from the German surface tanker Charlotte Schliemann, 100 miles south of Mauritius.

Charlotte Schliemann

Refueling the boat. The supply vessel Piton is fueling the U-124 submarine.

After resupply, six submarines were sent to new operational areas. They operated along the east coast of South Africa between Laurenzo Markish and Durban, Mauritius and Madagascar. While patrolling south of Madagascar on 20 August, U-197 was sunk by depth charges from two Catalina-class aircraft of RAF 259 Squadron.

Despite the countermeasures taken by the UDF, the Doenitz submarines still managed to sink 50 merchant ships (a total of 297 GRT) during the entire 076 off the coast of South Africa.

During 1944, four submarines U-862 U-852, U-198 and U-861 sank eight merchant ships, which amounted to 42 GRT.

On February 23, 1945, U-510 sank the last ship, the Point Pleasant, off the coast of South Africa.

German submarines operating off the coast of South Africa during World War II accounted for 114 sunk merchant ships (total displacement 667 brt), which is only 593% of the total tonnage of ships and ships sunk by German submarines during the war.

Throughout the war, the total trade tonnage lost in South African waters from sea mines, surface raiders and submarines was 885 brt. Of this number, 818% is accounted for by successful submarine attacks.

In the aftermath of Operation Eisbar, UDF and South Atlantic Command learned lessons and action to prevent the same situation from recurring.

Most of the slow moving merchant ships off the coast of South Africa were formed in convoys between the ports of Cape Town and Durban. Special merchant shipping routes were established around the South African coast that were close enough to the coast to provide adequate air cover for SAAF and RAF squadrons. This move provided near-continuous air cover for convoys along the South African coast.

A network of radio direction-finding stations has been deployed on the South African coast. So, using radio interception and direction finding, the position of U-197 was determined. After South African countermeasures were stepped up after October 1942, a gradual decrease in the number of merchant ships sinking by submarines became apparent.

However, for a short time, the German submariners managed to throw the shipping off the coast of South Africa into disarray.

Comments

[Lech from Android.]

The submarines had to cover about 6 nautical miles before they reached operational waters off Cape Town.

Wow distances ... at such a distance from the main base to conduct hostilities ... however.
How did the crew rest? How was the urgent repair of the submarine's broken components carried out? ... somewhere there should be an intermediate base for this. How did you manage to hide from the Americans and British the work of tankers for refueling submarines in Germany?

[3x3zsave]

How did the crew rest? How was the urgent repair of the submarine's broken components carried out? ...
Look at x / f "Das Boot".

[Catfish]

Hi, hello.
A film was made about the incident with "Laconia" and Gartenstein's boat (the name, as usual, I forgot), so the English steward from "Laconia" played himself there.

[3x3zsave]

Hi Uncle Kostya!
Wikipedia only refers to one movie: The Wreck of Laconia (2011)

[Catfish]

Perhaps this is he, he would look at the footage, he would immediately say whether he is or not. The one that I saw is very good.

[Catfish]

But this is a film about a boat, commanded by a corvette-captain Lehmann-Willenbrock from the top ten aces, waiting until the end of the war.

[3x3zsave]

I know that. In the film, he dies.

[Catfish]

In my opinion, this is not entirely true, the wounded commander from the shore watches how, after a British air raid, his boat sank against the wall.

[3x3zsave]

In my opinion, there is a journalist watching (whose prototype was Buchheim, the author of the book). However, I will not argue, I watched it once and for a long time.

[Catfish]

When the film "Boat" had just appeared, I called Kolka Cherkashin, he was then at the headquarters of the Navy, and it turned out that the people at the headquarters had not yet seen the film, although they had already heard quite a lot. Urgently made a copy for them, Kolka stopped by and took to the service. This is how I contributed to the cultural education of our General Staff of the Navy.
And at Nikolai's, you may have read something. He began his service with an underwater atomic circumnavigation of the world under the command of Zhiltsov.

[3x3zsave]

Perhaps I read it, I don't remember.
I watched the film in "Aurora", about 4 years ago. There is bad ventilation, so by the end of the action the audience felt like the same submariners, authentic.

[Catfish]

It was easier for us, Mashin's older brother then "multiplied" and the house was full of vidaks. I never thought that it was possible to cut such money on teaching languages.))

[3x3zsave]

And in what year was it?

[Catfish]

Late eighties - early nineties, I don't remember exactly.

[3x3zsave]

It took a long time to get to us. However, if he appeared now, screams about "kolyusurengoyu" would begin.

[Korsar4]

"A little air and an order" (c).

[Catfish]

"A little sun in cold water" (c)

[Korsar4]

Do not read. In general, Sagan did not read.

And you always appreciate the air.
More than food when hungry.

[Catfish]

I don’t know about air, since 65 I have been fumbling under water.))

[Korsar4]

Just about: now in a tank, now under water.
Urgent: outside.

[Catfish]

What's under the water, what's in the tank, the main thing is not ... well, and so on.

[Korsar4]

And in life the same way. Although we find ourselves a comfort zone with age. Sometimes, of course, we look out of there.

[Catfish]

How was O "Henry about the villain's face from the window of a decent bourgeois house?

[Korsar4]

"Bolivar will not stand two" (c).

"Under the mask of a lady
Redder than copper
A red mustache stuck out ”(c).

[Catfish]

"A man without a mustache is like a pirate brig without sails" (S. almost)

[Korsar4]

“I'm leaving everything. I will let go of my beard ”(c).

[Catfish]

I was late, Anton was already released.))

"And I'll take it and go to Ivanovo,
And Ivanovo is a city of brides "(c)

[Korsar4]

Think about it.
Sometimes I make a present for my wife: I shave it off for my birthday.

"I saw this Italy on the map" (c).

[Catfish]

"I won't miss the card from ten steps" (c)

[Korsar4]

"Your life is a penny, but my target" (c).

[Catfish]

"We will be lost for a penny ..." (c)

[Korsar4]

“From Fomka - a penny, from Eremka - a penny, from Bartholomew - one penny” (s).

[Catfish]

"Naga-nagans in hands shine,
Worms-worms crunch-crunch "(c)

[Korsar4]

"Francs, pounds sterling and tugriks" (c)

[Catfish]

"Rupee for hay, two for a cart, one and a half for a carriage" (c)

[Korsar4]

Overseas a heifer half, and a ruble ferry.

[Catfish]

"Drink alcohol in the dry-type hoppers, I will pray to God,
Give me first class, and if possible - luxury "(c)

[Phil77]

Quote: Sea Cat

you can - lux "(s)

On the * Titanic *, * luxury * cost 50000 dollars. This is if today, and then 4350 American rubles.

[Catfish]

Good money, and everything to be sent to feed the fish. If you really wanted to, in any port tavern for a couple of pounds, they would slightly slaughter.

[Korsar4]

"Cook for you
In one minute
On the ship will cook
Cabin "(c).

[Catfish]

"So why did the natives eat Cook?" (C)

[Korsar4]

"Carry the burden of the whites" (c).

[Catfish]

Better box "white".
Happy guys, I'm on the side until tomorrow.

[Korsar4]

And rightly so.

[Phil77]

Quote: Sea Cat

class, and if possible - luxury "(

And by the way, friends. According to the latest research * of the Titanic * there is nothing left of the * luxury cabins * alas. Decks collapse. Ismay's cabin, Guggenheim's cabin, Molly Brown's cabin. Soon there will be nothing left. But what is interesting! * Turkish baths * are still in order.

[Catfish]

Yes, Turks, they are.

[Phil77]

Quote from Korsar4

I saw this Italy on the map ”(c).

Yes, it's a boot-boot, but its story is impressive.

[Korsar4]

And nothing herself. It's a pity that Constantinople is a little plundered, really.

[Olgovich]

Quote: Sea Cat

"A little sun in cold water"

A wonderful novel by Françoise Sagan, but I don't remember the boats there ...

[Catfish]

Hi Andrew.
So where can she get it there, a submarine, madam, she didn’t know that there are such "self-topes" in the world.

[bubalik]

How did the crew rest?

,,, could and so.

[Phil77]

Quote: bubalik

could and so.

Teddy bear, sorry!

[Pane Kohanku]

Teddy bear, sorry!

If they ate it, they should feel sorry for themselves ...

[3x3zsave]

Thank you, Sergey!
Great stuff as always!

[Olgovich]

Quote: 3x3zsave

Thank you, Sergey!
Great stuff as always!

Likewise, it would be interesting to find out how many submarines participating in those operations died in total, given that 80% of German submariners died during WWII.

Or were there better statistics?

[3x3zsave]

Unfortunately, Andrey, I cannot answer this question. Not good at this topic.

[Kote Pan Kokhanka]

I join the guys! Material and truth Sergey is good !!! Thank you very much!!!!!
Regards, Vlad!

[bubalik]

Olgovich (Andrey) Today, 09:07

,,, let's count. In the Indian Ocean and Asia.
U-197 sunk on 20 August 1943 south of Madagascar by depth charges from two Catalina aircraft.
U-533 sunk on 16 October 1943 in the Gulf of Oman with depth charges from a British aircraft (Blenheim) (244th squadron RAF).
U-198 sunk on 12 August 1944 off the Seychelles in position by depth charges of the British frigate HMS Findhorn and the Indian HMIS Godavari
U-852 Wilhelm Eck - Heavily damaged on 2 May 1944 in the Arabian Sea east of Ras Hafun, Somalia by depth charges from a British Wellington aircraft.
Beached and blown up on May 3, 1944, north of Bandar Beila, Somalia.
U-859 sunk on 23 September 1944 off Penang in the Strait of Malacca by torpedoes from the British submarine HMS Trenchant.
ITU-23 sunk on 15 February 1944 in the Strait of Malacca by torpedoes from the British submarine HMS Tallyho.
U-168 sunk on 6 October 1944 in the Java Sea northwest of Soerabaya by a torpedo from the Dutch submarine HrMs Zwaardvisch.
U-537 sunk on 10 November 1944 in the Java Sea east of Soerabaya by torpedoes from the American submarine USS Flounder
U-183 sunk on 23 April 1945 in the Java Sea north of Sorabaya by a torpedo from the American submarine USS Besugo.

[Pane Kohanku]

U-852 Wilhelm Eck

This is where the Kind Doctor companions were engaged in the execution from a machine gun of those who survived the torpedoing of the Pileus?

[bubalik]

I knew that you would remember the Good Doctor, so I ordered the boat commander.

[Pane Kohanku]

I knew that you would remember the Good Doctor, so I ordered the boat commander.

Duc, am I to blame that the representative of the kindest profession famously participated in a war crime?

[Phil77]

Quote: bubalik

,, let's count

Seryozha! Fine! Thank you! Submarines? It's yours, buddy!

[Olgovich]

Quote: bubalik

let's count. In the Indian Ocean and Asia.

Thank you, Sergey.

Another 1942:

The only loss was U-179sunk on October 8, 1942 by depth charges from the British destroyer Aktiv.

Total 10 PL losses.

That is, the level of losses in the region of South Africa corresponds to the general level of losses of German submarines

[Crowe]

Quote: Lech from Android.

How did the crew rest?

On a cruise? Yes, I practically did not rest - the first thing that divers who had just left at sea faced was the terrible crampedness. The boats, which are already cramped in design, in addition were packed to capacity with everything necessary for long voyages. Sleeping places for the crew and that's all. free corners were used to store all kinds of boxes with provisions and other necessary necessities, so the crew had to rest and eat wherever they needed.To take additional tons of fuel, it was pumped into tanks intended for fresh water (drinking and hygienic), thus drastically reducing For the same reason, German submariners never rescued their victims, desperately floundering in the middle of the ocean. After all, there was simply nowhere to place them - except to put them in the vacated torpedo tube. months when they returned. It was then that they were in front of the "public", making hasty conclusions, after They went to sleep in the barracks, and then in a completely sober state prepared for a new campaign. But these rare libations were not so much a celebration of victories as a way to relieve the monstrous stress that the submariners received on each campaign. And even despite the fact that the candidates for membership The crews underwent, among other things, psychological selection, on submarines there were cases of nervous breakdowns in individual sailors, who had to be calmed by the whole crew, or even just tied to a berth. how they are there in their iron barrel without windows and doors under water for months .. Some special people.

[Catfish]

Good morning everyone!

Sergey, thank you very much for the article.

On September 16, during the operation to rescue survivors from the British transport "Laconia", U-156 was damaged as a result of an attack by B-24

It was Gartenstein's boat, if I'm not mistaken. I know that later she was sunk with the entire crew, but I do not remember the area and means of sinking.

I read the article and immediately remembered the episode with the sinking of the British light cruiser "Dunedin" somewhere at the latitude of Freetown (approximately), torpedoed by Mor (if I am not mistaken) with the last torpedo from a distance of almost a mile and a half. I read about it at Ruge and for a very, very long time. Seryozha, don't you remember this episode? Mora's boat, by any chance, is not one of those groups whose actions you described?

[bubalik]

Hello to all honest company

the sinking of the British light cruiser Dunedin

November 24, 1941 U-124,

she is refueling in the picture in the article

under the command of Lieutenant Commander Johan Mohr patrolled in the Central Atlantic 800 kilometers northeast of Pernambuco (Brazil). "Dunedin" was beyond the defeat, a distance of more than five kilometers, Mor decided to attack and at 15.21 fired three torpedoes at it. After 5 minutes 23 seconds, two torpedoes hit the cruiser in the middle of the ship and in the stern, after which the Dunedin banked to starboard and sank stern forward 17 minutes later.

Of the 486 crew members of the light cruiser Dunedin, only 4 officers and 63 sailors survived.

[Catfish]

Thank you, Sergey. The cruiser seemed to be going alone, who saved the rest of the crew, don't you remember?

[bubalik]

Three days later, the American steamer Nishmaha picked up 72 surviving British sailors from six rafts, but five people died on board before the ship arrived on the island of Trinidad.

[Catfish]

It's a pity for the guys, although I am "not very much" to the British, were they so sure of the safety of these waters? What did they count on, the cruiser is old and not the best walker, he went forward without a zigzag, right?

[Pane Kohanku]

What were they counting on, an old cruiser and not the best walker, he pushed forward without a zigzag, right?

Uncle Kostya, somewhere I read or watched that the first British victim of the WWII - the Atenia liner - was sunk by the German submariners precisely because it was an anti-submarine zigzag. Like, they took it for an auxiliary cruiser.

[Catfish]

Hi, Nikolai.

... was an anti-submarine zigzag.

So said the commander of the submarine, but in general with "Atenia" a muddy story. As for "Dunedin", it is a warship and its silhouette cannot be confused with a steamer.

[Pane Kohanku]

As for the Dunedin, it is a warship and its silhouette cannot be confused with a steamer.

Certainly.

So said the commander of the submarine, but in general with "Atenia" a muddy story.

Probably really cloudy.
On my own behalf, I wish our Sergey Bubalik new articles. I give four directions - "Submarines of Germany in the First World War", "The sinking of" Lusitania "," Cruiser "Königsberg" - German partisans in Africa "," Flotilla of Lake Tanganyika ".

[Catfish]

Yes, there is someone to write about: Arnaud de la Perrier, Max Valentiner, and an article could be made about Emden, although so much has been written about it. But there are very few details about the "adventures" of the senior mate von Mücke with his team, as well as about the escape from captivity of the navigator Lauterbach. These two are also worthy of a separate novel in the spirit of Raphael Sabatini.

[Pane Kohanku]

that's about the "adventures" of the senior mate von Mücke with his team

And Felix von Luckner! Including a failed escape from captivity in Tasmania.

[3x3zsave]

Oh, the "muse" flooded!

[Pane Kohanku]

Oh, the "muse" flooded!

Yes, flooded. Good articles - the right ones - you need! Sergei will succeed.

[3x3zsave]

"Sing, sing, lyre!"

[Pane Kohanku]

"Sing, sing, lyre!"

"And our captain will sail at the age of fifteen" ...

[3x3zsave]

Where is this from?

[Pane Kohanku]

From here. Pacifist Grebenshchikov.

[3x3zsave]

Exactly. I don't remember the last verse by heart.

[Pane Kohanku]

Exactly. I don't remember the last verse by heart.

I don’t remember a single one, except for this phrase.

[Krasnodar]

Quote: Pan Kohanku

I don’t remember a single one, except for this phrase.

“Oh show me the way to the next little girl” (c)

[Pane Kohanku]

"Oh show me the way to the next little girl"

"I'm ok, i'm ok,
I'm ok, i'm not alcoholic! "

[Krasnodar]

Oh show me the way to the next whiskey bar
I know we gonna die

[Catfish]

And I don't know what you mean at all.

[Catfish]

Anton, you are a land man, you cannot understand ...

“Two drunken peasants are floundering in a puddle, there is no strength to get up. The correct policeman comes up to them and begins to shame that they have kicked themselves into a swine state.
One drunk raises his head, looked at the cop and asks:
-- Who are you?!
-- Like who? I am a policeman.
- And what are you? Sea or land?
- What, what ... I'm a simple Soviet policeman.
The drunk looked at him with a squint and snapped:
- Well, don't get involved in our MARINE business !!!
Wan, let's go butterfly. "

[Pane Kohanku]

Anton, you are a land man, you cannot understand ...

He is one of those who himself does not fly, and does not give to others. On the other hand, as Garik sang: "And he is a man anywhere - he served in the air defense!"

[3x3zsave]

you are a land man
You see, Uncle Kostya, I have a difficult attitude towards large masses of liquid. On the one hand, I have lived all my life on the coast and I can hardly get used to living far from Big Water. On the other hand, where I was born and grew up, the temperature of this very water sometimes reaches negative values ​​and a person lives in it for no more than 15 minutes.

[Catfish]

Well, some liquid masses have not so much negative as positive temperature. The whole question is the assimilation of these largest masses in large quantities.

[3x3zsave]

I have been to warm seas only 5 times in my life. The third time he nearly drowned.

[Catfish]

The third time he almost drowned.

It’s a tricky thing to swim in a storm. Actually, I had a completely different liquid in mind, it is not displaced, but taken on board and immediately into the "hold".

[3x3zsave]

1.Wave hit the pier.
2. "Big ship - seven feet behind the collar!"

[Catfish]

Once I also swam "beautifully", it was in Sochi before the army. I tried to swim in a storm, I don't remember how many points, it was great in the sea on a wave, then I realized that I was being carried away from the shore, I floated back with a crawl. Everything is fine, I quickly doped, only I can't get over the breakwater, the wave pulls me back. I don’t remember how I tried to adapt myself and jumped over this concrete with the wave. He smacked me backwards on the pebbles, I was sitting, making a noise in my head, and a cop was standing on the embankment, looking at me and twirling his finger at his temple. For the rest of my life I remembered this breakwater and the policeman's finger, it never happened to me again.

[3x3zsave]

In Tuapse, at the age of 15.

[Pane Kohanku]

1.Wave hit the pier.
2. "Big ship - seven feet behind the collar!"

Something like ...

[Korsar4]

This is approximately why the subconscious does not perceive "not".

Think about how to formulate the rejection.

[Kote Pan Kokhanka]

Quote: Sea Cat

Actually, I had a completely different liquid in mind, it is not displaced, but taken on board and immediately into the "hold".

And I, too, about this, about the stain that is !!!

[Kote Pan Kokhanka]

Quote: 3x3zsave

I have been to warm seas only 5 times in my life. The third time he nearly drowned.

Likewise, the truth is almost drowned for the fifth time. Besides, I can swim for hours.

[3x3zsave]

And I also do not swim well.

[Catfish]

But as I swam on Scientific Communism - you will be envious!

[Pane Kohanku]

And I also do not swim well.

It's somehow even strange ... and I thought a person with such a character should, in principle, have increased buoyancy ... Joke! No offense at my joke!

[3x3zsave]

A person with such a character as yours should have increased volatility. "The hedgehog is a proud bird! Until you kick it, it won't fly!"

[Pane Kohanku]

"The hedgehog is a proud bird !!!

Igelshneitskhen!

[Catfish]

And it is mainly those who can swim that drown, the one who does not know how to enter the water does not climb, as a former lifeguard says.

[Kote Pan Kokhanka]

Quote: Sea Cat

And it is mainly those who can swim that drown, the one who does not know how to enter the water does not climb, as a former lifeguard says.

I agree completely, that day I just out of inexperience lost with the treachery of the Sea of ​​Azov. To hell with him, but I was with my daughter. The tidal wave pulled me away from the shore. Then about an hour they broke through to him. Feelings are wild - the beach is full of people, but they don't hear you and you just have to paddle towards the shore with the hope that somewhere it will be possible to pass the surf. After that, I'm just proud of my child.

[Catfish]

It's clear that you are proud, but it's better somehow without it. Here, if a person succumbs to panic, then the skiff will be weakened from a useless struggle, breath will be lost and that's it.
The sea does not like jokes, it does not understand them.

[Kote Pan Kokhanka]

Uncle Kostya your words to God in the ears! Mostly I learned from my mistakes, not others. And the lack of commonplace competences of a person living by the sea also affects.
Last years there were buoys on the beach where this happened. No one paid attention to the fact that they were washed away. Until people started drowning on the village beach, two or three people a day!

[Catfish]

... on the village beach people did not start drowning two or three people a day!

During the fall, which carried them into the sea, or what?
I just can't imagine how a sober person can drown in a calm sea, and in a storm there is no hell to climb. What were the buoys fenced in there, the usual "do not swim"?

[Kote Pan Kokhanka]

The village of Kuchegury. Later I learned the peculiarity when the wind blows from the sea a tidal wave pulls away from the coast. It was necessary to swim to any cape and go ashore there. I didn't know that they were trying to sail directly. Only an hour later we were drawn to a tiny start, where we could have watts on our feet. If the buoys had not been removed, I would have left my daughter to hold on to them, and I myself would have tried to pass the surf by diving. There I had to focus not on my strength, but on the child.
By the way, we rested there for 4 years in a row, there were no problems.

[Kote Pan Kokhanka]

Quote: Sea Cat

Well, some liquid masses have not so much negative as positive temperature. The whole question is the assimilation of these largest masses in large quantities.

Yep in degrees! On Sunday I chose a wood stain. Delima was water-based for 39 rubles or alcohol-based for 78! I bought it for alcohol. The weather has smiled and today is the second day in a row on the street +1.
Chuika says, as soon as I get the cans out of the car, he will again hit - 30 !!!
I don’t know where the submarines are, but in the Urals, alas, there are none at all. If only the Ural is considered the subpolar region, then Scheer also visited us during the Patriotic War - if he swam on land!

[bubalik]

If only the Urals are considered the polar region, then Scheer also visited us during the Patriotic War

Together with him, three German boats operated in the Kara Sea - U ‑ 251, U ‑ 601 and U ‑ 255.
,,, U-362 sunk on September 5, 1944 in the Kara Sea by depth charges of the Soviet minesweeper T-116.

[Kote Pan Kokhanka]

Hello, Sergey! Thank you!
"A submarine in the steppes of Zaporozhye" is not in trend today, supporters of "unshaven underwater wolves of Admiral Denz at the latitude of the Ural Mountains" raise their heads!
Let's count it as a proposal on the eighth topic on your agenda for twenty-twenty-one !!! If, of course, she is curious for you.
Thanks again for continuing the African cycle!

[Catfish]

If only the Ural is considered the subpolar region, then Scheer visited us during the Patriotic War - if he swam on land!

Not this is unlikely, “Scheer” was commanded by Meensen Bolsen, and he was a cautious man, got snot on Dixon and out of surprise immediately made a turn overstag, on which this “Weserubung” ended happily.

[frog]

I don’t know where the submarines are, but in the Urals, alas, there are none at all. If only the Ural is considered the subpolar region, then Scheer also visited us during the Patriotic War - if he swam on land!

And for whom did they sculpt the bases? If I remember, right up to the mouth of the Lena ...

[Kote Pan Kokhanka]

Quote: Pane Kohanku

"Flotilla of Lake Tanganyika".

This is where the coolest "dreadnought" was the raft with 105mm guns of the cruiser "Königsberg"!.?
The theme in some ways echoes the confrontation between England and France on the great lakes in the books of Fenimore Cooper "St. John's Wort", "Commonwealth" only in the spirit of the First World War! Although, if I am not mistaken, W. Churchill called those distant events "the First World War", in our historiography the "Seven Years War"!
And the topic is credible and rarely used. Unfinished tugs, rafts with punitive and coastal guns, rotten steamers and rowboats !!! There is nothing about a flotilla or a fleet of nothing !!!

[Pane Kohanku]

The theme in some ways echoes the confrontation between England and France on the great lakes in the books of Fenimore Cooper "St. John's Wort", "Commonwealth" only in the spirit of the First World War!

And then! Unbroken Lettov-Forbeck, the cunning captain of the blockade-breaker "Rubens" and the mysterious Mafia Island with hypothetical treasures!
Vlad, I'm going for a record! The seventh topic to Sergei: "General Yamashita's gold."

[Pane Kohanku]

Good afternoon, Sergey!
I am very glad to continue! I bow! Meticulously, they took apart the bones.

They managed to sink 23 merchant ships, including the British military transport "Nova Scotia", which was carrying 800 prisoners of war and internees Italians.

EMNIP, many were eaten by sharks? I recall three such cases of massive shark attacks - the sought-after Nova Scotia, the American heavy cruiser Indianapolis (which took the atomic bomb) and the light cruiser Juno (photo below).

Five Sullivan brothers were killed on the Juneau. All.

[3x3zsave]

Five Sullivan brothers were killed on the Juneau. All.
With their death, the "policy of the last survivor" began. See feature film "Saving Private Ryan"

[Pane Kohanku]

See feature film "Saving Private Ryan"

Yes. I remember it. "Private Ryan's rescue is the work of Private Ryan himself." Georges Blond in his monumental work "The Great Hour of the Oceans" described what happened to the crew of the Juneau on the water. There, some went crazy. Help came a few days later, just like at Indianapolis. By the way, you haven't watched the movie "Cruiser"? Filmed on the knee, I must say.

[3x3zsave]

No, I didn't look

[Pane Kohanku]

No, I didn't look

I was on YouTube before. About the sinking of "Indianapolis" and further misadventures of the team.

[3x3zsave]

Is Nicolas Cage saving the world again?
I'd like to see "Midway" ...

[Pane Kohanku]

Is Nicolas Cage saving the world again?

Who would have saved him ... The captain was hounded after the war. And he put a bullet in his head. Although at the trial even the captain of the Japanese submarine that sunk the cruiser testified for him - they say, I was at such a distance that no zigzag would have saved the Indianapolis.

[bubalik]

put a bullet in my head

,,, one of the U-177 team members settled in Durban after the war.
,,,, Hermann Kolditz recalled: the German crew was shocked by the scenes in the water, when the survivors tried to climb aboard the submarine to escape the sharks in the water.

Photo from the German cemetery of Durban.
Committed suicide.

[Pane Kohanku]

Photo from the German cemetery of Durban.
Committed suicide.

Conscience seized? Here, on the advice of Uncle Kostya, I downloaded the book "SS in Action". What can I say .. hair on end! And the hell who repented!
And this one, apparently ... nevertheless, hooked him.

[Catfish]

... the American heavy cruiser Indianapolis (which drove the atomic bomb)

Captain Claude Iserly, the commander of the targeting plane of the Enola Gay bomber, wrote this with his own hand on the A / bomb: "A gift to the samurai for those who died in Indianapolis."

[Krasnodar]

Quote: Sea Cat

Captain Claude Iserly, the commander of the targeting plane of the Enola Gay bomber, wrote this with his own hand on the A / bomb: "A gift to the samurai for those who died in Indianapolis."

I wonder if he imagined the power of this bomb? Greetings, Konstantin!

[Catfish]

Hi Albert.

These guys knew that they would throw some kind of super-bomb, but of course they did not represent the true power of the new weapon. When we found out how many were killed, for many of them it came as a shock. Iserli, it seems, has gone crazy, he was kept in a madhouse in the USA for some time, and in our country they were almost made a fighter for nuclear disarmament, they even made some kind of a and a dandy about him.

[Krasnodar]

Yes, it is understandable - to put so many peace people with their actions, to comprehend this ... there is nothing surprising in the fact that the roof has gone

[Catfish]

During my childhood, there was even a "yard" song about this story. I remembered only one verse, the rest was not postponed.

"The dark night lies over Manila,
We drive thoughts of death away.
Our souls are empty, there is no pity in them,
We send our last greetings to the war. "

Somehow, I can't vouch for the accuracy, they sang as boys.

[Krasnodar]

The famous Schwarzenegger I ”ll be back belongs to MacArthur before evacuation from Manila

[Catfish]

Yeah, do you remember his photo when you returned, walking knee-deep in water in black glasses and with a cowboy colt in a holster - "I'm back."

[Krasnodar]

I don't remember a Colt, a general with a retinue knee-deep in water - yes Photo of 1944))

[Pane Kohanku]

I don't remember the Colt, the general with his retinue knee-deep in water

Can we blame King for surrendering the army on Bataan (Corregidor and Wenwright don't count - these are later). By the way, Albert, the information field - only on Sunday chatted about Bataan with a very colorful former Kabardian - a history teacher. just the terminator's phrase was recalled.

[Black lotos]

Quote: Krasnodar

I wonder if he imagined the power of this bomb?

Of course, he was familiarized well, and he also had to perform maneuvers to avoid the blast wave (given the height of the drop, conventional bombs did not require this)
In September 1944, Tibbets was appointed commander of the newly created elite 509th Mixed Aviation Regiment. The regiment carried out missions for the transportation of components and the most nuclear weapons in the Albert Project of the Manhattan Project, stationed at Wendover Army Air Field in Utah and Roswell AF in New Mexico.

[Krasnodar]

Then he knew what he was doing

[Black lotos]

Quote: Sea Cat

A gift to the samurai for those killed in Indianapolis

The aircraft crew made the following inscription on this atomic bomb: "Gift" for the souls of the lost members of the Indianapolis crew. I read about this in March 1949 in a magazine ", - noted Hashimoto (the commander of the Japanese submarine that sank the cruiser)

[Catfish]

Hi Aleksey.
It is strange that the poetic Japanese thug did not alter the short inscription of a simple American guy at all into some kind of hokku or tanka. It's about "souls".

[bubalik]

were eaten by sharks?

,,, the next morning, when the rescue ships arrived, they found many corpses on the water in life jackets. All bodies were without legs. The vests saved the soldiers from a terrible death at the bottom of the ocean, but nothing could save them from death in the jaws of sharks that swarmed the sea.

[Pane Kohanku]

All bodies were without legs.

Yes, I remembered this phrase ... Alas!

[Krasnodar]

Quote: bubalik

were eaten by sharks?

,,, the next morning, when the rescue ships arrived, they found many corpses on the water in life jackets. All bodies were without legs. The vests saved the soldiers from a terrible death at the bottom of the ocean, but nothing could save them from death in the jaws of sharks that swarmed the sea.

Terrible death - pain and hypovolemic shock from blood loss.

[bubalik]

Hartenstein's boat

February 27, 1942 near the Dominican Republic sank the ship McGreger.

,, from a cannon. Which he sawed off before, as they tried to cover the oil refinery on the coast, they forgot to pull out the plug, the trunk was torn apart.
A total of 92 shells were fired from the deck cannon and 112 rounds from the 37-mm anti-aircraft cannon. They ran out of torpedoes.
As someone in the comments wrote the German submariners "frostbitten".

[Pane Kohanku]

As someone in the comments wrote the German submariners "frostbitten".

We got excited and followed the principle. Do you remember that you wrote about the battle between a destroyer and a submarine on the surface? When did they even beat you with shotguns? There both sides went wild!

[evgen1221]

It is always interesting to read about the actions of German submariners, but there were also similar operations by the Japanese and the Italians must have distinguished themselves somewhere. You can also write about them for a mass audience on VO.

[3x3zsave]

Look
https://topwar.ru/178183-morskie-istorii-torpednyj-koshmar-15-sentjabrja-1942-goda.html

[Kote Pan Kokhanka]

Quote: evgen1221

It is always interesting to read about the actions of German submariners, but there were also similar operations by the Japanese and the Italians must have distinguished themselves somewhere. You can also write about them for a mass audience on VO.

German submariners in both wars were the most frostbitten. Alas, this draws attention. Just the emblems and drawings on their underwater "cans" are worth something! From family crests to edelweiss flowers and gobies with frogs. An interesting and far from fully covered topic. I will just mention Stepanov's works.
Regards, Vlad!

[Egorov Oleg]

In the course of action, it is directly noticeable how the IX C series submarines allocated for operations off the coast of South Africa are being replaced with IX D2 series boats, which could operate there without the Milking Cows.

[bubalik]

for boats IX D2 series

... yes.

joined by U-177, U-181, U-178, U-197 and U-198.

all are type IXD2.

[Kote Pan Kokhanka]

Quote: Egorov Oleg

In the course of action, it is directly noticeable how the IX C series submarines allocated for operations off the coast of South Africa are being replaced with IX D2 series boats, which could operate there without the Milking Cows.

Quote: bubalik

for boats IX D2 series

... yes.

joined by U-177, U-181, U-178, U-197 and U-198.

all are type IXD2.

Duc to the 44th Germany lost more than launched !!!

[Constanty]

A small note - a photo signed as Charlotte Schliemann, although in fact shows the same ship, as can be seen from the annotations in the photo itself, shows this ship from the period before 1939, still as the Norwegian m / s SIR KARL KNUDSEN.
Built in 1928 in Nakskov, Denmark, this Norwegian tanker was sold to the German company Reederei Schliemann & Menzell in Hamburg in 1939. Then the name was changed to CHARLOTTE SCHLIEMANN. requisitioned by the Kriegsmarine in 1940.
On 9 (or 12) February 1944 she was sunk by the British destroyer HMS RELENTLESS southeast of Mauritius.

[Trilobite Master]

For a long time, we haven't had any foenkoids.
I contacted one of them and this is what he answered after reading the article.
The author's style and spelling have been preserved.

The traditional historian bubalik has issued yet another ridiculous tale about "the great and terrible German submariners."
There were no such boats and such things at all and could not be.
From the point of view of common sense - why would the Germans sail to Africa if British ships are sailing to them anyway? A normal person will wait for the British closer, and will not climb for 6000 miles, which is 11112 km, especially since his boat only swims there, and there is no fuel back, and where you find it in the middle of the ocean, it does not grow there or you need to land on the shore and dig oil there.
And phot is still a fact, ignored by traditional historians. The length of such a boat, according to your own data, is about 80 m, width about 7 m, height 10 m. So? Well, somewhere like that, I rounded it up. We count the volume. 80x7x10 = 5600 cubic meters m or 5600000 liters. We subtract the thickness of the walls, well, there, there are also engines, torpedoes, etc., you can calculate exactly, but it will turn out to be about half, as a result we have 2800000 liters of air in the boat. The volume of a person's lungs is 3-4 liters, let it be 3,5 liters, a person takes 20 breaths per minute. We consider:
3,5x20x60 = 4200 liters. a person needs an hour.
The crew of the boat is 50 people. 4200x50 = 210000 liters per hour for the whole team.
2800000 / 210000 = 13,3
After 13 hours on the boat, the crew will exhale all the air! And your boats have been sailing for almost years! I still thought so, approximately. And if you count it normally, there won't even be five hours!
So all lies the story, there were no Germans on submarines off the coast of Africa. They could only swim near Germany for a short time, and then only if they breathed through the periscope, which was actually used for this, and not, as we are shown in the films. Cut a hole in the wall of any pipe and look into it - what will you see there? The periscope was for breathing, this is understandable to any normal person, but not to the historian.
And who then drowned the British there, near Africa?
The real historian Fomenko and Nosovsky conducted a study and found out that the designer Perfiliev Apollon Alimovich, studying the materials of Ancient Tartaria, found old drawings of the Tartarians' aircraft, which, without fuel, could fly at any distance at the speed of sound and carry loads per ton. Before the war, according to these drawings, he created a squadron of such devices, but his deputy, a certain M.S. Katznelbogen, wrote a denunciation on him and Perfiliev was arrested, and then traces of him are lost, apparently shot.
It was on these devices, built by Perfiliev, that our pilots flew and sank British steamers in Africa, and not some non-Germans!
I have done my research. I have launched over ten thousand paper airplanes of various designs. They all flew - no fuel and no engines at all! So there were Tartarian planes, it's proven!
And you, bubalik, need to study real history, and not write here about the Germans and their nonexistent submarines! It is necessary to write about Russian people!

[bubalik]

They could only swim near Germany for a short time, and then only if they breathed through the periscope, which was actually used for this, and not, as we are shown in the films. Cut a hole in the wall of any pipe and look into it - what will you see there? The periscope was for breathing, this is understandable to any normal person, but not to the historian.
And who then drowned the British there, near Africa?

,,, is this a joke or is it all serious?

[3x3zsave]

Mikhail is kidding.

[Trilobite Master]

Quote: bubalik

is this a joke or is it all serious?

Much more serious!
What, Sergei, did you not like a portion of healthy criticism with mathematical calculations? Can't you argue?
In fact, I just thought - why is this Fomenko and his inherent history only until the XNUMXth century? study, and the twentieth century. bypass? This is wrong.

[bubalik]

and why is Fomenko and the inherent history only up to the XVIII century? study, and the twentieth century. bypass?

Let's talk about New Swabia ?
,,, conspiracy theories claim that Reacher's expedition created a secret military base 211 "New Berlin" in Antarctica, and it was there that the crew of the U-530 submarine, with the participation of the Nazi Vril Society, hid the occult "relics of the Third Reich", including the Holy Grail , and after World War II the Fourth Reich was founded there.

[Trilobite Master]

Nonsense. If this were true, the Soviet submarine "Pioner", which was conducting research in the central regions of Antarctica (naturally, under the ice), would certainly have discovered and destroyed all this with ultrasound. Have you read the scientific monograph "The Secret of Two Oceans" by Grigory Adamov? Everything is described there in an accessible and well-reasoned manner.

[mihaylov]

Quote: bubalik

and after World War II, the Fourth Reich was founded there.

Not true, they flew to the moon, the IV Reich was created on the moon.
I watched the Iron Sky

[Pane Kohanku]

I watched the Iron Sky

Where was the negro astronaut sent to them? I watched a piece, they showed 2x2 last year.
By the way, she seems to be adequate girl.
Julia Dietze, who embodied the image of the ideal Aryan in the film, said at a press conference held today: “It is not a bad idea to laugh at the Nazis. To expose them in a comical light means to deprive them of their power "... (talking about the conference at the Moscow Film Festival).

[mihaylov]

Quote: Pane Kohanku

Where was the negro astronaut sent to them?

Finnish specific humor.

[Pane Kohanku]

Finnish specific humor.

From the specific I looked through "Operation" Dead Snow "- both parts. There really is nowhere more specific.

[mihaylov]

Quote: Pane Kohanku

From the specific viewed "Operation" Dead Snow

This is where the zombie Nazis?
Didn't look, here you need a very specific mood ...

[Pane Kohanku]

This is where the zombie Nazis?

Yes. I generally like horror movies. The main thing here is to turn off the brain.

[Korsar4]

The twentieth century is still too much in everyone's memory.

But legends, for example, about the 90s can be added now.

Everyone saw them from his own pole.

[Trilobite Master]

Quote from Korsar4

The twentieth century is still too much in everyone's memory.

Oh come on ...
I can start making a new story right now.
It means this: the Romanovs remain Romanovs, that is, the ghouls and hirelings of the West, the conductors of its values, the destroyers of Slavic culture, etc. But the Bolsheviks are just an attempt to restore the old Great Tartar state. Lenin and Stalin are the descendants of the great tsars-khans of Tartaria, second cousins ​​from the clan ... hmm ... well, let's say, the Great Moguls, too lazy to invent something fresher. Further on this platform you can fantasize endlessly.

[Korsar4]

The grandmother's brothers were born in the 19th century. That is, about the way of life at the level of a small homeland, you can receive information from the primary source. With names and surnames.

[Trilobite Master]

This means nothing. The overwhelming majority did not communicate personally with Lenin and Stalin, so the scope for imagination is simply wonderful. I affirm that Lenin and Stalin are the great-great-grandchildren of the last emperor of Great Tartary, and all the documents in the archives are forgeries, eyewitness accounts, all kinds of memoirs there - too. I affirm that Lenin back in 1908 said that the only chance to save Russia in the coming cataclysms was the restoration of the ancient dynasty at the head of Russia and all his contemporaries and comrades-in-arms knew - and Lenin himself spoke with Stalin, and the corresponding documents showed that and both are heirs to the throne of Great Tartary.
All this is nonsense, Sergei, in fact. With the argument that historical materials are fake, any fantastic construction becomes irrefutable. There is no need to crawl through the archives, study documents, compare various sources, you do not need to do anything at all. He just took and from the height of his own awareness of the issue, even if this awareness is at the level of the baseboard in the basement, built any hypothesis that your imagination will allow you to link it with your meager knowledge - and go ahead. Broadcast like a prophet.
And no amount of eyewitness testimony will help. If the testimonies of my grandmother or grandfather matter to me, since I know them as honest and intelligent people, then for other people these are stories that do not deserve attention. Moreover, you can't ask any of them (I mean my ancestors). And if I say that my grandmother told me that she personally saw the horns on Lenin's head - small horns, he hid them under a cap, then this will be the same evidence as all other evidence of ancestors who have passed away from us who witnessed the events of a century ago ... Maybe there really were. Maybe she thought. Maybe she came up with it. Or maybe I came up with it. You won't know the truth here.

[Korsar4]

I thought: what do I know about the 20th century. At least biographies of people in my specialty. And adjacent. Cities and areas with which life has connected.

The Great Patriotic War left a mark even in the form of award documents.

Songs and poems are also very eloquent. There is a slice of time - which thread of the ball do not pull.

[Trilobite Master]

I've been wondering what I know, for example, about the 2010s ...
Is it true that? Never mind. And what did my grandmother or grandfather know about the 50s? More? Unlikely. What could my great-grandfather tell us about the 20s? He was then the same age as I am now ...
Eyewitnesses are not history. These are stories. Scary or funny, interesting or not. Always subjective. Often mutually exclusive. If we begin to write the history of Russia over the past twenty years from memory, I think there will be very little in common in our creations.

[Korsar4]

Not so little. Just a matter of systematization. Under the headings. Such a small encyclopedia.

And from memory - most likely there would be a lot of emotions.
Why diaries, notebooks and other chronographs and nonsense are good.

[Trilobite Master]

This is different. The assessment of events also changes over time. Twenty years ago, I thought differently about many things, evaluated them differently. How to write about them now - how did you think then or from the point of view of yourself today? And is it possible, when describing long-standing events, to completely ignore personal experience?
And another question: is it worth writing the whole truth?
Everything you know, what you think, what you saw, what you heard? About yourself, about friends, colleagues, enemies - also write the whole truth?

[Korsar4]

Of course, it is better not to leave traces.
Assessment of events can be from the standpoint of today. Otherwise, it is slyness.

[Pane Kohanku]

kings-khans of Tartary

Sinful deed, first read "kings-haMov"...

[Pane Kohanku]

,,, is this a joke or is it all serious?

It was Count Michaud de Borrell who had once again ripened the tangerine harvest.
Sergei! Fifth topic!

I have launched over ten thousand paper airplanes of various designs. They all flew - no fuel and no engines at all!

Remember the Japanese attempts to launch a "strategic bombing" of the mainland US with balloons? What is not a topic!

[bubalik]

Sergei! Fifth topic!

,,, Nikolay, you are as my boss, only topics have time to be thrown

[Pane Kohanku]

,,, Nikolay, you are as my boss, only topics have time to be thrown

I'll be a muse! Every creative person - a muse! (a modest minimum program).

[3x3zsave]

"The muses sailed away to the north,
Leaving the blues on bad tapes "(C)

[Pane Kohanku]

The muses sailed away to the north

"You told me that I was sick in my soul,
And I'm not sick - I'm just tired! " (Black obelisk)

[Korsar4]

And certainly dedication at the beginning of the article.

[Pane Kohanku]

And certainly dedication at the beginning of the article.

Yes Yes Yes! I think it's time to advertise me as a Muse! I will throw you such topics - you will download. Just write, dear People!

[Korsar4]

Is there a Muse's face from every fence?

[Trilobite Master]

I just missed Bar ...

And you can't just once
Neither the tavern nor the women
Self-isolation!

[Pane Kohanku]

I just missed Bar ...

Give the sixth theme to Sergei, comradeGischi! "Unsinkable Sam is a pest of the sea!" (with comments and additions from the Sea Cat).

[3x3zsave]

It was on Warhead.

[Pane Kohanku]

It was on Warhead.

And where is this Warhead? Blown away? And what does it have to do with it?
He will not rewrite "Warhead" (all the more, there, except for humor, there is nothing to rewrite), but his own writing, in detail, colorfully, with blackjack and with tennis and Instagrammers!
You callous, brother Anton!

[3x3zsave]

You callous, brother Anton!
"We, too, will not be overly tactful,
On our thorny path! "(C)

[Pane Kohanku]

"We, too, will not be overly tactful,
On our thorny path! "

"Normal heroes
Always go around ... "

[3x3zsave]

"Catherine looks out the window,
Young lions are walking along the street "(C)

[Pane Kohanku]

Young lions are walking down the street

"If the apparatus breaks down,
I will become a pirate, and I will be glad.
I’ll drink the battleship without hesitation,
But I won't disgrace the fleet! "

[3x3zsave]

'Wee all live in a yellow submarine "(c)

[Pane Kohanku]

'Wee all live in a yellow submarine "

"Brauch keine Frau, nur Vaselin" (C)

[Krasnodar]

Quote: Pan Kohanku

'Wee all live in a yellow submarine "

"Brauch keine Frau, nur Vaselin" (C)

Woole Wu Trinken Abisal Gasoline?

[Pane Kohanku]

Woole Wu Trinken Abisal Gasoline

This is beyond my knowledge of German!
Look you sweep You glitch makhn! "We wanted to deliver joy! Dimpidi dampidi, on the river, on the river, on that bank of KU Marusenka, white Ys!"

[Krasnodar]

Here is a mixture of French - Wu le Vu (if you please, if you want), Yiddish "Trinken Abisal" and Gasoline

[Pane Kohanku]

"Trinken abisal"

Not strong in Yiddish! As far as I remember, the classics of Jewish literature wrote in it? Sholem Aleichem, for example?

[Krasnodar]

Shalom Aleichem - pop! Bashkevis-Singer - I recommend. A lot of works have been translated into Russian. ))
And Yiddish is a Southern Donnmetsky dialect of Deutsch interspersed with Hebrew and words from Slavic languages)).

[Pane Kohanku]

Shalom Aleichem - pop!

Pop is not pop, but performances are staged.

And Yiddish is a Southern Donnmetsky dialect of Deutsch interspersed with Hebrew and words from Slavic languages)).

Is Hebrew used more in Israel?

[mihaylov]

Quote: Pane Kohanku

Shalom Aleichem - pop!

Pop is not pop, but performances are staged.

I have his collected works in my dacha, I can read it at my leisure ..

[Pane Kohanku]

can read at your leisure ..

considered a classic! I think it's always useful for general development!

[Krasnodar]

Quote: Pan Kohanku

can read at your leisure ..

considered a classic! I think it's always useful for general development!

Well ... as classic of literature as the Berry sisters are classic of blues

[Krasnodar]

Quote: Mihaylov

Quote: Pane Kohanku

Shalom Aleichem - pop!

Pop is not pop, but performances are staged.

I have his collected works in my dacha, I can read it at my leisure ..

Read - specific, but easy to read. Everyday life of the Pale of Settlement))

[Pane Kohanku]

Everyday life of the Pale of Settlement

About the settlements! If you remember, Kuprin's "Duel", describing military days settlement, evokes mortal anguish. Although I once talked with one Doctor. He says that someone told him during the analysis that Lieutenant Romashov was a schizoid. The system would have thrown him out anyway.

[Krasnodar]

Yiddish is spoken only by the Orthodox. Official and colloquial - Hebrew.
The plays and the musical based on Sholem Aleichem were written good, but the literature is about nothing. IMHO.

[Pane Kohanku]

Plays and musical based on Sholem Aleichem were written good

Did not watch. But the musical based on the work of Jim Steinman is very successful in Russia - "Ball of the Vampires".

[Krasnodar]

Musical Violinist on the Roof, Gershwin, EMNIP. Hit - “If I Were A Rothschild” - if I were a Rothschild (rich man)

[Pane Kohanku]

Hit - “If I Were A Rothschild” - if I were a Rothschild (rich man)

I sit and listen!

[Krasnodar]

This is almost a classic of the genre))

[Pane Kohanku]

This is almost a classic of the genre))

Yes, Gwen Stefani will confirm!
If I were a Rothschild ....
La-la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la!

[Krasnodar]

She quail reggae
In the original version, the singer from la la la sang the melodies of the hymn of Israel, and this beauty smoothed out the passage because of the Free Palestine of all liberals)).

[mihaylov]

Quote: Pane Kohanku

Remember the Japanese attempts to launch a "strategic bombing" of the mainland US with balloons?

Good afternoon Nikolai, I remember the story that the Japanese did bomb the states: they brought a seaplane (or even 2) to the shores of the states on a submarine, dropped several bombs (it seems incendiary) and reported on a hitherto unseen victory.
The Americans did not notice that they were being bombed.
Was there such a story?

[Pane Kohanku]

Was there such a story?

Sergey, I am very glad to see you!
Was. This is well described by Katorin both in Science and Technology and in the book.
https://naukatehnika.com/bombardirovki-territorii-ssha-samoletami-yaponskogo-flota.html
But there was another attempt. The Japanese calculated that at a certain time of the year, at a certain height, the air current towards the United States dominates. There was only one small thing to do - to launch balloons with attached clockwork bombs to this height. They called a similar thing - "Fu-Go".
But the attempt was unsuccessful. Most of the balloons were not even seen over the States. From the wiki:
On March 10, 1945, one of the last balloons launched hit a strategically important object only once. A balloon bomb destroyed a power line in Washington state. Ironically, this power line was powering the Hanford complex of the Manhattan Project, which had to switch to emergency power.
The only victims of the bombing in 1945 were Eliza Mitchell (the pregnant wife of a Southern Oregon pastor) and five children aged 11 to 14 [9]. During a school picnic in the forest, children found a fallen balloon lying on the ground. As the woman and the teenagers approached the gondola, a fragmentation charge detonated, killing all six. A monument was erected at the site of the tragedy.

[vladcub]

"there was an explosion of a fragmentation charge," perhaps there was some kind of timer on the fuse.

[Krasnodar]

Quote: Mihaylov

Quote: Pane Kohanku

Remember the Japanese attempts to launch a "strategic bombing" of the mainland US with balloons?

Good afternoon Nikolai, I remember the story that the Japanese did bomb the states: they brought a seaplane (or even 2) to the shores of the states on a submarine, dropped several bombs (it seems incendiary) and reported on a hitherto unseen victory.
The Americans did not notice that they were being bombed.
Was there such a story?

Was. Incendiary bombs were thrown into cornfields. And there were fires)).

[mihaylov]

Quote: Krasnodar

Incendiary bombs were thrown into cornfields. And there were fires)

This is how much damage was done to bourbon brewing, these Japanese are insidious, oh insidious ...

[Krasnodar]

Arizona field is burning
Sashimi - Sake snack
And what kind of mushroom over Hiroshima?
My tricky Korean slave made a sepuku?

[Pane Kohanku]

bourbon brewing

I must remember this word ...

[Krasnodar]

Bourbon, I think, they still drive - it's moonshine

[mihaylov]

Quote: Krasnodar

Bourbon, I think, they still drive - it's moonshine

Well, you can drive moonshine, you can cook it, or you can smoke (distilling)

[Black lotos]

Quote: Mihaylov

There was such a story

the second time in the history of continental US bombing. Here they are.

Quote: Mihaylov

The Americans did not notice that they were being bombed.

They bombed twice, caused a forest fire, that is, they achieved the goal, BUT the main goal (panic call) failed. The rainy season, information hiding and clear work of the FBI.
In January 1942, the San Francisco area was fired upon by the Japanese submarine Ro-76 with its only 64-mm cannon.
Psychologically, this attack is akin to the bombing of Berlin at the beginning of the war, and Tokyo

[Black lotos]

Quote: bubalik

,, is this a joke or is it serious

Well, there are flat-earthers to this day.
If earlier opponents of official theories and dogmas were burned or killed, now they are given honor and an audience on the Internet.

[Pane Kohanku]

Well, there are flat-earthers to this day.

It was Michael who joked very subtly ... Sometimes he can add a whole volume in a comic commentary. Last week there were three of his articles about Rurik and "Rurik's falcon" - look, interesting.

[3x3zsave]

Bravo, Michael!
But bad luck, it was necessary to preserve the original spelling.

[Trilobite Master]

Quote: 3x3zsave

original spelling

Really screwed up? Where? Where did I "pierce"?

[3x3zsave]

It is necessary to write about Russian people!
In the original version - "Russian".

[Trilobite Master]

It's not me! This "Word" has fixed! American intrigues of the Masters of the West!

[3x3zsave]

"Never before has Stirlitz been so close to failure" (C)

[Trilobite Master]

but the rest is all right? Do you have any questions about the content?

[3x3zsave]

The rest is perfect!

[Trilobite Master]

So there will be no holivar? No one will rush to protect the author and the German submariners? Well, okay. It didn't hurt, and I wanted to. This means that I can consider myself a winner in the discussion. Enemies are put to shame, Great Tartary triumphs!

[3x3zsave]

Of course! In the Tartarians, an ordinary sheet of plywood reaches Paris, and then there are squadrons of Vimans!

[Trilobite Master]

Vimanas are unscientific fantasy. Fairy tales. And Great Tartary with its planes ...
Stop! I have just found one more irrefutable confirmation of the reality of Apollo Perfiliev's discovery! PLANE! The words themselves tell a lot to a thoughtful researcher who has not been poisoned by official history. Can the word "plane" be called a device that flies by means of a motor or jet engine? No! Such a device would be called a "motor aircraft" or "propulsion aircraft", in the case of a jet engine, most likely "jet aircraft". And an airplane is exactly what flies itself, without an engine, that is, only the aircraft of Great Tartary could be called that. The name "plane" was appropriated by the Jew of Mozhaisky and other enemies of the Russian (damn, Russian, I beg your pardon) people, in fact it was stolen from the Tartarians!

[Pane Kohanku]

The name "plane" was appropriated by the Jew of Mozhaisky and other enemies of the Russian (damn, Russian, I beg your pardon) people, in fact it was stolen from the Tartarians!

"He shouted - a mistake here! It's me - a Jew!"
I'll go and call Albert.

[Kote Pan Kokhanka]

Everything is correct Mozhaisky attached a steam engine to his plane purely for conspiracy!

[Pane Kohanku]

Everything is correct Mozhaisky attached a steam engine to his plane purely for conspiracy!

Did he actually fly on a jet stream after the pilot took pea soup?

[mihaylov]

Quote: Pane Kohanku

Did he actually fly on a jet stream after the pilot took pea soup?

Mikhail suggested the name: "jet" - I liked it, there is something in it ...

[3x3zsave]

"Dubrovsky takes a plane, Dubrovsky takes off upstairs,
flies over the sinful earth, and writes the words in the sky "(C)

[Cure72]

Sergey, thank you for the continuation.
Very interesting !

[Andrey Zhdanov-Nedilko]

Very interesting! Thank!

[vladcub]

Glory to those Lord, there is something to read. And then next to some anonymous castrated work.
Without the ACh, we have formed a vacuum in the marine history section. Sergey, thank you for choosing to fill it out.

[Doliva63]

Quote: bubalik

How did the crew rest?

,,, could and so.

Damn, but what is the beast for ?!

[bubalik]

,,, to diversify the menu

[Doliva63]

Quote: bubalik

,,, to diversify the menu

Let them diversify themselves, barbarians.

[Pane Kohanku]

,,, to diversify the menu

Sergey, as far as I remember, eating a white bear is very fraught with various unpleasant consequences?

[bubalik]

,,, maybe the captain took the skin to vaterland.

[Pane Kohanku]

,,, maybe the captain took the skin to vaterland

It could be! Did the German meteorologists on Spitsbergen have health problems after eating bear meat? Intricate drist of all colors of the rainbow and other delights?

[Tests]

bubalik (Sergey), thank you for the 2nd part of the material, like in "Loaf" for kids - that's such a width, that's such a height!
They recalled the actions of German submariners in the Kara Sea a little in the comments of materials about Lend-Lease. The Germans both in 1943 and in 1944 spoiled us pretty much, so the Ural Natsiks saw many times, and not only pilots.
On September 5-6, 1944, during the attacks of U-365 off the Mona Islands, the T-116 was commanded by Lieutenant Commander V.A. Babanov. Project AM minesweepers were built at the Tampa shipyard in Florida. Convoy JW-54-A brought 24 minesweepers from Iceland to the USSR on November 1943, 2, the future T-116 and T-117. They came without a radar, they were installed only in 1944 ... I read that the U-365 lying on the ground was examined by our divers from August 10 to 14 (it is not clear what year), they found significant damage to the hull, apparently from the bottom did not raise.

[Tests]

Doliva63, but let the Fritzes eat the ears! Trichinillosis just from lard and boiled meat is short in time and at low temperatures. It is unlikely that on a boat they would cook jelly from a polar bear.

[Tests]

I apologize to all visitors of the "VO" for typos!
I mixed up the number of the Nazi boat sunk by our minesweeper T-26 in the Kara Sea in the message of January 116, I wrote: “On September 5-6, 1944, during the attacks of U-365 off the Mona Islands, the T-116 was commanded by Lieutenant Commander VA Babanov. ", and then again confused the number, writing:". I read that U-365, lying on the ground ... ".
Of course, my text should have included "U-362".
U-365 - also robbed in August 1944 in the Kara Sea and drowned on 12-13.08.1944. minesweepers T-118, T-114 and transport "Marina Raskova". T-116 12-13.08.1944 was in that convoy "BD-5", but practically did not attack U-365, since, according to various sources, from 140 to 190 sailors and transport passengers rescued from the water were on board it ... Once again, I apologize!