Armies of Europe - Unite! The birth of a new threat on Russia's western borders

65

Photo: ResoluteSupportMedia, flickr.com

Outside NATO


They decided to gather forces in Europe back in 2017, when the Council of the European Union agreed on a mechanism for implementing the "Permanent Structured Cooperation". The initiative to deepen military and military-technical cooperation came from Germany, Italy, France and Spain. The idea was received with a bang - 28 of the 25 EU countries agreed to become part of the project. As expected, Great Britain refused (it had its own way, and the exit from the EU was on the nose), Denmark, which did not participate in a military partnership within the European Union, and Malta, which decided to save some money for now.


Photo: Constantin Barbu, Wikimedia Commons

The logic of the creation of their own military bloc by the Europeans as opposed to NATO and American hegemony is quite understandable. In the foreseeable future, the European Union is not going to fight each other, therefore it is much more effective to be friends together against external enemies. Together, it is planned to save on the development of expensive defense projects - each participating country must be included in at least one such case. By locomotive stories France is involved in 31 joint projects at once, in ten of which the country is the leading one. By the way, it was Manuel Macron who was one of the first in Europe to talk about the creation of a common European army and is defending this idea at the present time. It is safe to say that it is France that is becoming the real regional leader in the military-political sense. The second place in terms of cooperation and involvement in project activities is shared by Spain with Italy with 25 projects. The low role of Germany in the Permanent Structured Cooperation is indicative - 3rd place with only 15 projects, of which Berlin controls only 7. For comparison, Greece is involved in 14 projects, in 5 of them the country plays a major role. The military-technical potential of the Federal Republic of Germany within the framework of this cooperation actually equaled the Greek one - a quite definite signal of a change in the European leader.




Countries wishing to save money on collective European security are also interesting. This is expected. Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, flirting with the United States in every possible way in defense matters - on average, the Baltic countries are cooperating in 2-3 projects. In the very tail are Luxembourg and Ireland, who have assumed participation in only 4 projects for two and are not leading in any of them. Probably, there would be a possibility, these countries would not take part in collective development at all, but the requirements of the structure indicate work in at least one case.

The composition of the "Cooperation" is not final. European leaders intend to involve third countries - for example, Norway and, if the situation allows, even apostate Great Britain. Over time, military collaboration should become a real alternative to the North Atlantic military bloc, and in a separate perspective, push it out of the Old World.

Money is divided in Europe


The countries of "Cooperation" have already agreed on the requirements for the participants ashore. Military spending in the states on the project should gradually increase to 2% of GDP, with up to 1/5 of them planned to be spent on military equipment. In general, military spending in Europe is growing every year. At least at the level of declarations. Since September 11, 2001, NATO has been asking its members to add at least 2% of GDP to its common treasury. The Europeans shamelessly ignore these numbers - from 2001 to 2014, the Old World's share in NATO's total spending fell from 37% to 25%. After the shake-up in Ukraine, they decided to add money, but not much. In particular, France by 2019 brought expenses to 1,84%, and Germany even less - to 1,36%. On average, Europeans spent 1,58% of sovereign budgets last year, which naturally pissed off the United States as the main sponsor. However, NATO Secretary General Stoltenberg is in no hurry to beat out debts from his compatriots. According to him, dated late 2019:

By 2024, at least 15 members of the organization will spend 2% of GDP or more on defense needs.

Given the pandemic pit, these statements now look very optimistic. Nevertheless, the burden of military spending is increasingly pressing on the Europeans. Per capita appropriations have grown 2014% in five years since 16,5, from $ 417 to $ 486. Is it a lot or a little? In the same years, the United States spent 2,072 million dollars on defense in terms of one citizen! Despite such spending, Europe has firmly decided to create its own “Permanent Structured Cooperation”, allocating additional budgets for it. This is largely due to the US technological leadership. Washington is well aware of its hegemony within NATO and all the benefits for its own military-industrial complex. Europe in this story is gradually becoming a commonplace market for military products of an overseas partner.

Areas of responsibility


The list of projects that the Europeans have divided among themselves includes 47 positions, the financing of which is planned until 2027. Here is the creation of a European corvette-class patrol ship (curated by Italy), and the modernization of the Tiger helicopter (curated by France), and the creation of remote-controlled robots (leader - Estonia), and the formation of a unified European intelligence school (main - Greece). But at the moment, cooperation does not include many military-technological projects that are significant for Europe. Thus, the cooperation does not include the costly development of a new tank and a multipurpose aircraft - the performers, regardless of all, remained Germany and France. The situation is similar with the submarines of the Norwegian-German project 212CD. When these combat units will be created in metal, on what grounds will they be included in the hypothetical Pan-European Army? Or is Collaboration a business-as-usual business scheme to save resources and time spent on developing secondary products?


This controversial dispersal of defense assets in the coronavirus era is justly outraging voters. In this regard, the opinion of the authoritative German publication Deutsche Wirtschafts Nachrichten on the prospects for European military consolidation is indicative. Germany in recent years has been constantly increasing its military spending - this is not surprising, given its membership in NATO and in the mentioned "Cooperation". But this is not the most important thing. Burgers see no real fruit of the increased burden on family defense budgets. Low combat readiness of the Bundeswehr (up to 70% of equipment and weapons are faulty), defective G36 rifles (low accuracy due to barrel overheating) and failure with the outdated multirole fighter Eurofighter Typhoon - these are just a few complaints about the German defense capability. Fixing these errors will be even more expensive. The aforementioned Franco-German Leopard 3 could cost a hefty 100 billion euros. The cost of the sixth-generation Future Combat Air System (FCAS) fighter will be approximately the same, the date of adoption of which is shifted to 2040. It is worth recalling that while the Europeans do not have a fifth-generation car at all, except for the American F-35. Will you be able to jump over a generation? It will succeed, the Germans believe, relying on a single European army with transparent financing and spending. Do not spend on financing at least three military and military-technical associations, but focus on one. And stop getting involved in the adventurous fight against terrorism in all parts of the world. So far, this only adds thugs to European capitals. And the freed up resources can be used to fight the pandemic and humanitarian projects.

Agreed, but not quite


The creation of a new army of united Europe on the western borders of Russia is hampered by several factors at once. First, the goals of European countries are different. If the Baltic states are seriously afraid of a Russian invasion, then the countries of Western Europe are more concerned about putting things in order in African states. Secondly, the presence of US bases in Europe. Washington should by no means be allowed to consolidate the military in the Old World. Perhaps the Americans fear this even more than the common European army fears in Russia. The concept of controlled chaos in Eastern Europe implies the hegemony of the American armed forces in the region. This is the only way Washington can continue to separate the Russian energy potential from the European technological one.
Our news channels

Subscribe and stay up to date with the latest news and the most important events of the day.

65 comments
Information
Dear reader, to leave comments on the publication, you must sign in.
  1. +4
    28 December 2020 04: 38
    Money-money ... And who will we unite with, if anything?
    1. 0
      28 December 2020 05: 05
      Other than China, there are no options.
      1. +9
        28 December 2020 05: 10
        Other than China, there are no options.

        XNUMX billion Chinese belay too much to combine.
        1. +4
          28 December 2020 05: 13
          Yes, so ...
          But there is no other planet for us.
          1. -10
            28 December 2020 05: 31
            In no case should Washington be allowed to consolidate the military in the Old World. Perhaps this American is even more feared than the common European army is feared in Russia. The concept of controlled chaos in Eastern Europe implies the hegemony of the American armed forces in the region. This is the only way Washington can continue to separate the Russian energy potential from the European technological one.

            In this regard, I agree with the author completely.
            However, a question arises. And where will the countries of Europe put their weapons, when their insideIS THE EUROPEAN BUSINESS MARKET ENOUGH OF ARMS?
            Indeed, in the foreseeable future, the countries of the European Union are not going to fight each other, therefore it is much more effective to be friends together against external enemies.

            Firstly. T.N. military bloc of the EU in the form of "Permanent structured cooperation of the EU countries" - it is far from being the DEFENSIVE military bloc of the Warsaw Pact of the socialist countries.
            And secondly. And about the most unifying friendship of the EU countries against the Pentagon and against its role in NATO - too, somehow it is not enough to believe.

            The ANSWER suggests itself.
            The EU countries of Permanent Structured Cooperation will simply use up the weapons they have accumulated with the help of the war they have unleashed - and first of all, again, with Russia!
            Thus, simply getting rid of the overproduction of their own weapons and freeing up their business niches in the European and world arms market to support the production of their own military-industrial complex.

            Something similar happened before WWII.
            1. +3
              28 December 2020 06: 50
              And what will the European countries do with their weapons when their intra-European business market for the SALES of arms is completely satiated?
              - nowhere, in Europe since the advent of nuclear weapons there are no crazy people to fight with Russia, and in terms of the production of weapons, so after WW2 the Europeans are used to making do with small amounts of weapons production
              1. -8
                28 December 2020 07: 16
                Quote: faiver
                in terms of the production of weapons, so after WW2 the Europeans got used to doing small amounts of weapons production

                You tell this to the hedgehogs, who do not understand anything in business as such, or in the current state of affairs in the world and in politics!

                Now there is a pandemic. Only the military-industrial complex and branches adjacent to the military-industrial complex are afloat.
                1. +3
                  28 December 2020 07: 26
                  hedgehogs are not found in our harsh lands laughing
                  So you yourself communicate with them ...
      2. 0
        28 December 2020 05: 11
        Quote: armannu
        Other than China, there are no options.

        Does the PRC need the Russian Federation?
        1. +2
          28 December 2020 14: 21
          Of course you do! Not the whole truth, land with fertile soil, preferably without Russians, clean water, forest, biological resources, well, in the depths of something small. winked
          1. +1
            28 December 2020 18: 54
            Quote: Note
            Well, in the depths of something on the little things.

            If only the little things! Otherwise, they not only cut out all the wood with ROOTS (!) From the rented "hectare" of the forest, but also grab the sod with a fertile layer of earth ... Locusts are in no way comparable to whales!
        2. 0
          29 December 2020 07: 42
          Minus mine, belittling Russia in advance (rf)?
      3. +4
        28 December 2020 07: 59
        The birth of a new threat on Russia's western borders


        Right now I did not understand, for many years they have been broadcasting from all irons about the "ring of enemies" around Russia, that NATO is going to attack. And then suddenly "birth" ?! Have you slept again? Or decided to "update" the postulate?
        1. +7
          28 December 2020 10: 05
          There is nothing to update here, we just decided to reinforce the "braces" again. And I don’t believe about the threat of Europe to attack Russia, well, they don’t have such a policy now as Hitler had. They live richly and happily, well, why should they be at war? For example, I do not live as happily and richly as they do, but I don’t want to fight either. Although in the future everything may be and their policy may change and then it will be difficult for us, especially since we have no one to unite with: we have lost allies.
          Or maybe the author thinks that only for us our army and navy are allies, but not for them? So that they are doing the right thing to create their own army, it is naive for us to think that they will rely only on America.
    2. 0
      28 December 2020 05: 05
      the creation by the Europeans of their own military bloc in opposition to NATO
      Here they will declare war on NATO, and how they will win! good
      1. -5
        28 December 2020 05: 12
        Quote from Uncle Lee
        Here they are how NATO will declare war

        But why?
        Quote from Uncle Lee
        how will they win!

        And so they win ... without using weapons ...
        1. +4
          28 December 2020 05: 25
          Quote: apro
          But why?

          Well, yes .... They themselves will declare war .... Humor and sarcasm are no longer available? wassat
          1. -1
            28 December 2020 05: 32
            Quote from Uncle Lee
            sarcasm is no longer available

            I confess ... I myself am a sinner ... you did better ...
          2. +1
            28 December 2020 05: 37
            Quote from Uncle Lee
            Is humor and sarcasm no longer available?

            I noticed a long time ago, forgot to put the smiley, turned upside down in their heads
            1. +1
              28 December 2020 05: 41
              Quote: Lipchanin
              in their heads

              And with the set smiley turned upside down ...
              I, and some of my colleagues, have already begun to write: sarcasm belay
              1. 0
                28 December 2020 05: 42
                Quote from Uncle Lee
                I, and some of my colleagues, have already begun to write: sarcasm

                I noticed Yes
      2. +3
        28 December 2020 19: 00
        Quote from Uncle Lee
        Here they will declare war on NATO, and how they will win!

        This is, excuse me, like super speed! fellow
        Run around the pole and have yourself in anal !!! laughing
        1. +1
          29 December 2020 01: 02
          hi So I wrote about it laughing
    3. -1
      28 December 2020 05: 35
      Quote: lexus
      And who will we unite with, if that?

      And we have no other allies besides the Army, Navy and Aerospace Forces.
    4. -6
      28 December 2020 07: 57
      What for? If something happens to all the sisters with a vigorous loaf on their ears, oh sorry, on the earrings and they will calm down, they have not forgotten tea for 45 years.
      1. +1
        28 December 2020 08: 53
        Quote: Ros 56
        In which case, all sisters with a vigorous loaf on the ears


        Now, this is so, dear. But fools in enemy headquarters only sit in the morning fog of some commentators.
        They can come up with a "knight's move": 1) organize a Civil War on the basis of the economic crisis and psychosis of media holdings; 2) exchange the "lifting of sanctions" for the "denuclearization" of the Russian Federation. Both No. 3 and No. 4 are possible.
        No massive motivated infantry with a large mob. reserve: Russia will not hold back the "humanists". Moreover, the latter can send millions of contingents from Asia and Africa with a "residence permit" in the EU .... Well, all sorts of "Estonians" will fight in the offices of "military logistics" .... So they themselves "logistic". laughing
        1. -6
          28 December 2020 10: 20
          At least No. 48, which of them are warriors, everyone knows, even the Germans allowed their Frau to be raped. And no exchange of nuclear weapons, even for the lifting of sanctions. Well, let alone the inner ragtag with God's help we will calm down. So do not cry ahead of time, there is a right for them. Why go far, evaluate the events in Donbass. hi
    5. 0
      28 December 2020 10: 53
      Quote: lexus
      with whom will we unite, if that?

      “We” had the USSR, CMEA and OVD. And now - "sama-sama". Therefore, unite within yourself.
    6. +2
      28 December 2020 12: 25
      To begin with, we need to unite with each other.
    7. +1
      28 December 2020 12: 59
      Money-money ... And who will we unite with, if anything?


      And with whom in the Great Patriotic War they united. We will be with those ...
      1. +3
        28 December 2020 19: 29
        Quote: Interlocutor
        And with whom in the Great Patriotic War they united. We will be with those ..

        By the way "About the birds!" bully
        All cheerfully list allied countries: the USA and England ... completely forgetting about Mongolia. And on June 23, 1941, she declared war on Germany ... and throughout the war she helped us as much as she could: horses and sheepskin coats and meat. But now she is under the Big Yellow Brother. The whales bought up everything there on the vine ... So we don't even have this ALLY now.
        And only a paranoid who has forgotten the words of A.V. can unite with the Anglo-Saxons. Suvorov that "Again the Englishwoman is crap!" And the catch phrase of Alexei EDRIKHIN: - "There can be only one thing worse than enmity with the Anglo-Saxons - friendship with him." Yes
    8. 0
      1 January 2021 22: 38
      What for? The collective farm is always a mess. Already countless times they have united against Russia.
  2. 0
    28 December 2020 04: 54
    Gradually vosozdaёtsya 4 Reich .. is the Russian Federation a threat to Europe? No ... but sga undoubtedly.
    1. +2
      28 December 2020 05: 15
      4 Reich is gradually reborn

      The threat will appear when a new Napoleon or Adolf Schicklgruber is born in Europe, capable of uniting and sending the troops of Europe under a single wing to Moscow.
      The French and Germans at the genetic level understand how it will end and they are unlikely to participate in a new adventure.
      Now in the course of the West is Anaconda's strategy ... to strangle Russia economically and from within with the help of the fifth column.
      1. +7
        28 December 2020 05: 23
        Quote: Lech from Android.
        strangle Russia economically and from within with the help of the fifth column.
        They don't choke from the inside, they shit from the inside, though this doesn't make it any easier.
        1. -1
          28 December 2020 05: 40
          Quote: Vladimir_2U
          shit from the inside,

          They have no leverage to choke
          But to shit, in bulk ..
          So they get paid for Soros grants
      2. +7
        28 December 2020 05: 24
        Quote: Lech from Android.
        strangle Russia economically and from within with the help of the fifth column.

        Lyokha ... and in this. As you say. 5 kollonu who is included? Not the Russian government in full force? Not Russian hucksters?
        And how else are they going to strangle ... it is not clear.rf is completely tied to the west ...
        1. +5
          28 December 2020 05: 37
          and in this. as you say.5 kollonu who is included? not the Russian government in full force? not Russian huckster?

          In the Russian government, we see only the tip of the iceberg.
          We need to see what personalities are concentrated in the new class society of Russia ... today in our country new social classes have formed from bankers, bourgeois and officials ... we see their lobbying in new laws that the State Duma writes to us like a machine gun ... to protect the interests of these classes must be at the legal level ... which we are now observing ... all this is packed under a beautiful package for the fight against some misfortunes ... in general, things are bad ... I do not expect anything good further. whatThe law on life-long immunity of presidents from all crimes committed by them is a landmark event ... the rubicon has been crossed.
          1. +3
            28 December 2020 06: 07
            Lyokha ... so poluchaetsya itself RF strangles itself. And this is the goal of both Europe and the Russian Federation at the same time?
            1. +1
              28 December 2020 10: 15
              Russia itself is strangling itself.
              Too generalized said. It should be like this: thieving and stupid officials in power are strangling us, and the higher the official sits, the more harm from him.
      3. KCA
        0
        28 December 2020 07: 28
        First of all, in Germany, the idea of ​​an adventurous campaign against Russia will meet with opposition from the largest concerns, Siemens came to Russia more than a hundred years ago, and, despite the past two wars, it successfully cooperated in the intervals between them, and at Beiersdorf, who also traded very lively even from the USSR, in Russia there is a very large market share of all cosmetics and several factories for its production, plus also medical products, and there are many such examples
  3. +7
    28 December 2020 05: 23
    Ideas for a united European army for 40 years at lunch. And nothing has changed....
    The interests of the European countries are too different, the influence of the United States is too great and is completely uninterested in this.
    And for the Russian Federation (even in its current state). this army does not pose any military threat. Even if they unite, it will be an extremely loose, amorphous union with a very weak land component.
    Not to mention the fact that the very idea for the EU to go somewhere to the east, and to conquer something in the 21st century looks completely ridiculous. They get everything perfectly using economic, ideological, cultural levers.
  4. +1
    28 December 2020 05: 54
    The Angles did not want to feed poverty and fled, soon an independent politician like Sarah Wagenknecht will come to power in Germany and the EU will fall apart like a house of cards.
    1. +2
      28 December 2020 10: 23
      an independent politician like Sarah Wagenknecht will soon come to power in Germany


      Soon .... about 500 years old and will come. You just wait ... laughing
      1. -1
        28 December 2020 13: 01
        Soon .... about 500 years old and will come. You just wait ... laughing


        The Nazis are coming soon. You won't even notice. In iPhones, he will be scribbling at this time ...
        1. -2
          28 December 2020 14: 25
          The Nazis are coming soon.

          an independent politician like Sarah Wagenknecht will soon come to power in Germany


          Well, decide what will come - Sarah Wagen, is this a German or a Nazi?
          Or Sarah as a Nazi? Maybe you drank the wrong thing? laughing drinks
          1. -1
            28 December 2020 14: 36
            Well, decide what will come - Sarah Wagen, is this a German or a Nazi?
            Or Sarah as a Nazi? Maybe you drank the wrong thing? laughing drinks


            Do you deny? So the topic is sore, and correctly indicated ...
  5. -2
    28 December 2020 06: 51
    Army of Europe? It sounds proudly, I can imagine it: Romanians, Moldovans and our unfortunate, non-Crimean and bottomless neighbors. .. Plus, in officer positions, there are German and transgender and Dutch drug addicts.
  6. +1
    28 December 2020 07: 32
    The creation of a new army of a united Europe on the western borders of Russia is hampered by several factors at once.
    ... This topic has been discussed in Western Europe for 60 years already .. Even they created a military alliance, it existed for fifteen years and fled for no need ..
  7. -3
    28 December 2020 08: 20
    I believe seven aunts. the child will be without an eye. And who of the warriors there remained in Europe? There was once the Bundeswehr, but already half of the servicemen there are not Germans. And besides the Germans in Europe, only Serbs knew how to fight, judging by the real history of the last war.
  8. -2
    28 December 2020 08: 45
    while in Europe all the top politicians are dilettantes and often even clowns, it is unlikely that they have their own ambitions, that Europe should dance to his tune personally, and that some of its colleagues will agree to share with them. This is the case for the wealthy giants of Europe. As for the beggars
    dwarfs of Europe, who call themselves tigers, then everything is on the contrary. They will gladly agree to the rich giants of Europe to command them not only in the economy, but also in the military sphere. But this will only happen when a new Napoleon, Hitler, or at least a new Churchill comes to power among the rich giants in Europe. Then NATO, where, of course, plans and commands from America, the new Napoleons, Hitlers or Churchills do not need. On the one hand, Russia and it is good that while Europe is shaking from globalization, and the European armies are commanded from the center of globalism in Washington. Washington is already beginning to choke on itself, because it opens its jaws all over the world and is already unable to bite off everywhere. But if a new Napoleon or a new Hitler appears in Europe, then he will not run around the world to try to bite off somewhere. He will only have two goals. First. To create and subordinate it to the state of the military industry and the national armies of Europe. Second. With this force to attack Russia.
    The Vedas and the past Napoleon and Hitler first subdued the military industry and the armies of Europe to themselves, so that they would then attack Russia. There is nothing new in Western Europe and will not invent or invent ...
  9. -2
    28 December 2020 10: 46
    Apparently, without an indicative "nuclear flogging" the world will continue to slide into the abyss of militarism.
    Hiroshima and Nagasaki did not allow a new world war to be unleashed for more than half a century.
    The new "Hiroshima and Nagasaki" would give the world a chance for a peaceful existence for several generations to come.
    Well, if it doesn't get over your head, you have to act from the other side ...
    Threats should be addressed and prevented.
    Proposals to negotiate remain unanswered. So what's next?
  10. +4
    28 December 2020 10: 55
    The main threat is not abroad, but inside.
  11. -1
    28 December 2020 11: 43
    The military European Union allows to increase the number of troops and involve in its composition those who were not included in NATO for one reason or another. Moreover, it is necessary to dispose of migrants from the Middle East somewhere.
    1. 0
      28 December 2020 17: 46
      The creation of a unified European army, on the contrary, is explained by the fact that it will allow for a smaller number of military personnel than in the case of retaining national armies, as well as optimize and reduce costs.
      1. 0
        28 December 2020 17: 57
        The fact of the matter is that the Europeans do not refuse NATO membership. These are two parallel projects.
  12. +1
    28 December 2020 11: 58
    But we are being impoverished by whom, we have lost and betrayed all our allies, but we have gained omnipotent oligarchs who, in the event of a threat, will also betray
    You need to draw conclusions now then it may be too late
  13. -1
    28 December 2020 12: 34
    I suggest that Europe will generally refuse the army, only the police and border guards. They will save a lot of dough. Considering that only Europe has always been at war with us. That would dramatically improve the territory's relations with Europe.
  14. +1
    28 December 2020 12: 40
    There are no threats
    Russia. One Europe, one government, one policy, a more predictable adversary or partner, and not the balagan that is now
  15. 0
    28 December 2020 13: 05
    The more money, manpower and resources they will attract to try to create this chimera, the less they will have for acts that are really hostile to us. At the moment there is neither an idea for rallying, nor a force capable of leading the process of creating a unified armed forces of Europe. It is imperative to observe these processes so as not to miss something sudden, and at the same time to gently direct them towards this, to corrode NATO. Let them rebuild as long as possible.
  16. 0
    28 December 2020 14: 22
    quite a logical step to optimize the costs of the "masters" of the Fourth Reich in Europe and Macron is his protégé.
    further, it is only necessary to push through control over the judicial systems and intelligence services of all countries so that centrifugal forces do not destroy the European Union.
    American Democrats will be pushing this process, because they themselves dance for the same money.
    the civilized world is feeding a new monster and it only remains to wait for the next "failed artist" to appear in its chapter.
  17. +1
    29 December 2020 17: 52
    Well, children are busy in the sandbox, so what? Who is going to really fight? Poles, Dutch and Lithuanians.
  18. +1
    29 December 2020 21: 28
    Thanks to TNW, the blitzkrieg of the summer of 1941 will never happen again!
    Our main enemies are liberals and other LGBT scum feeding Soros and other CIA projects!
  19. 0
    31 December 2020 01: 43
    in my opinion they already somehow got together in 1941 and ended badly
  20. 0
    14 January 2021 10: 41
    When Europe is united, the Reich is always obtained, in this case IV

"Right Sector" (banned in Russia), "Ukrainian Insurgent Army" (UPA) (banned in Russia), ISIS (banned in Russia), "Jabhat Fatah al-Sham" formerly "Jabhat al-Nusra" (banned in Russia) , Taliban (banned in Russia), Al-Qaeda (banned in Russia), Anti-Corruption Foundation (banned in Russia), Navalny Headquarters (banned in Russia), Facebook (banned in Russia), Instagram (banned in Russia), Meta (banned in Russia), Misanthropic Division (banned in Russia), Azov (banned in Russia), Muslim Brotherhood (banned in Russia), Aum Shinrikyo (banned in Russia), AUE (banned in Russia), UNA-UNSO (banned in Russia), Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People (banned in Russia), Legion “Freedom of Russia” (armed formation, recognized as terrorist in the Russian Federation and banned)

“Non-profit organizations, unregistered public associations or individuals performing the functions of a foreign agent,” as well as media outlets performing the functions of a foreign agent: “Medusa”; "Voice of America"; "Realities"; "Present time"; "Radio Freedom"; Ponomarev; Savitskaya; Markelov; Kamalyagin; Apakhonchich; Makarevich; Dud; Gordon; Zhdanov; Medvedev; Fedorov; "Owl"; "Alliance of Doctors"; "RKK" "Levada Center"; "Memorial"; "Voice"; "Person and law"; "Rain"; "Mediazone"; "Deutsche Welle"; QMS "Caucasian Knot"; "Insider"; "New Newspaper"