Smart Bombs Beyond GPS Coverage: Israel Improves Weapons And Supplies India

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Israel continues to improve its autonomous air-to-surface weapons systems. A new ability to deliver precision strikes in areas not covered by GPS has now been announced.

Bombs capable of operating out of GPS coverage


Rafael Advanced Defense Systems has developed a system for unmanned aerial vehicles. The main feature of the system is that it allows you to work in those areas that are inaccessible for GPS coverage. Now it will be possible to redeploy air defense systems, missiles and ammunition to areas not covered by GPS.



As noted in the Israeli company, laser-guided bombs no longer meet the most significant requirements of modern warfare. Since they are released at a short distance and are more vulnerable to enemy attacks. There are also disadvantages weapons with GPS guidance.

A promising solution lies in the development of technologies that allow autonomous tracking of moving targets, regardless of the capabilities of GPS. The SPICE family of rugged, self-contained air-to-surface weapons systems can deliver high-precision, large-scale strikes in areas inaccessible to GPS. Now such weapons are used by the Israeli Air Force and the armed forces of a number of other states.

Independence from GPS allows you to deliver autonomous and accurate strikes, in any weather conditions and at any time of the day. SPICE attacks the target on its own. Such opportunities could not be ignored by potential buyers.


Why India needs Israeli "smart bombs"


Recently, the Indian Air Force decided to acquire more than 100 SPICE bombs with a high-explosive warhead from Israel. The reason for such actions on the part of India was the growing tension on the Indian-Pakistani border in the Kashmir region.

It should be noted that Indian aviation during the bombing of the Kashmiri militant camp in Balakot in Pakistan, she used Spice-2000 bombs. With the help of such bomb attacks, it was possible to break through the concrete floors of the camp buildings and destroy the militants who were inside.

Recall that the attack on the Balakot camp was carried out in response to a terrorist attack against a convoy of Indian security forces in Pulwam, as a result of which 40 soldiers were killed.

Now the Indian press notes the importance of Israel's assistance in anti-terrorist activities. Thus, even during the Kargil War in 1999, Israel was the first to come to the aid of India, supplying ammunition and mortars for the needs of the Indian ground forces. Previously, such assistance was provided during the 1971 Indo-Pakistani war. Recently, India and Israel have stepped up their defense and security cooperation even more.

The close military ties between the two states are explained by the presence of a common enemy in the person of international terrorism and the countries of the Middle East that support it.

Interestingly, after the successful operation in Balakot, India decided to integrate an Israeli SPICE guided bomb into the Su-30MKI aircraft. In addition, India purchased ten Heron-TP UAVs from Israel. India intends to purchase 30 more UAVs from the United States.

Thus, it is possible to predict a further increase in the interest of the Indian Armed Forces in Israeli military products. In turn, Israel, by improving its missiles and guided bombs, will be able to significantly improve its position in the world arms market.
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  1. +1
    20 October 2020 18: 28
    And what, good products at affordable prices. Small states began to make serious weapons.
    1. -8
      20 October 2020 20: 58
      Small, yes. While the little ones spend on defense
      1 (one) damn percent, then we are 7 (seven). 2020 budget.
      Europe, including, by the way, pays 1 percent. does not want to pay any more.
      Hence the conflicts with the United States.
      One percent, and the rest for mechanical engineering, roads, social services.
      Evil takes. Three percent for defense is the limit for the economy,
      by the way.
      1. +7
        20 October 2020 22: 23
        Quote: DKuznecov
        "little ones" spend on defense
        1 (one) damn percent, then we are 7 (seven).

        You are comparing soft to round. They have 7 percent of GDP, and 5 (in fact, slightly more than XNUMX) percent of the budget expenditure in our country.
        For example, the expenditure side of the German budget for 2020 is 362 billion euros, the defense budget is 45,1 billion euros. Those. Germany's military spending is about 12,5% ​​of the budget, and slightly more than 1% of GDP.
        1. 0
          20 October 2020 23: 49
          Quote: Captain Pushkin
          You compare soft to round

          He is just an ordinary propagandist hired for a penny, or a narrow-minded, and therefore erroneous in good faith, a person who bought such cheap (literally and figuratively) propaganda. In any case, you should not expect proper brain function here.
          1. -2
            21 October 2020 10: 53
            (yawning) then tell about yourself,
            clever you are ours. And about the views on a balanced economy.
            And I will shut up with my economic education.
            There is no propaganda. There are numbers.
            5, (well, let it be 5, not 7 percent) of GDP,
            one heck, that's a lot.
            1. -1
              21 October 2020 13: 08
              And you economists do not meddle in the defense of the country at all. Have already been pulled up.
              1. 0
                21 October 2020 13: 44
                Quote: builder
                you are economists

                Do you think an economist may not understand such elementary things in which this chatterbox got confused?
                1. 0
                  21 October 2020 13: 47
                  The Treasury's latest army cutback initiatives show that economists know everything best. And about the defense of the country, incl ..
    2. Maz
      -2
      20 October 2020 22: 03
      https://cursorinfo.co.il/all-news/izrailskaya-kompaniya-razrabotala-dlya-tsahal-ne-zavisyashhuyu-ot-gps-sistemu-navigatsii/ Автор явно слышал звон, но не знает об чем он.....Уточним шо это за хрень, и почему индия сразу этим врядли воспользоваться сможет....
      Several years ago, RAFAEL received a request from the IDF to develop a GPS-free navigation system for armored vehicles such as tanks and armored personnel carriers, as well as army Hummer jeeps. This need arose after the IDF discovered ways to jam GPS using jamming in combat operations in Syria. The development of the ordered navigation system was recently completed with financial support from the Department of Defense's Arms Development Office.
      The navigation system was based on the computer vision and image analysis systems developed by RAFAEL for bombs and guided missiles. These systems are capable of identifying a target using a video camera and accurately targeting an object.
      The system, dubbed Mary Derekh (Master-Mirror of the Road-Path), uses three-dimensional photographs of the terrain previously obtained from drones, satellites or drones. A series of cameras mounted on a combat vehicle scan the environment, create a XNUMXD image of it, and then compare it with the XNUMXD image from above to determine the location. The system can send its location data to other squads and receive their location data, so military coordination can be carried out even without GPS.

      The RAFAEL operating system will cost several thousand dollars to equip each armored vehicle and has recently been shown to a number of foreign armies that are showing great interest in it.
      Thus, as long as the Indians do not digitize their territory and the territory of a potential enemy, China and Pakistan, at least into pictures, this high-tech Israeli miracle is unlikely to function, and there are mountains, gullies, gorges, caves, plateaus, a huge territory ... in general, not Israel like a flat plain or Syria with smooth hills ... to plow and plow and buy digitalization equipment and software. Then Israel becomes a standard supplier of weapons to where America cannot personally supply this business to incite chaos. Georgia, Ukraine, Azeibarjan and others are excellent examples of this.
      1. -4
        20 October 2020 23: 54
        Thus, as long as the Indians do not digitize their territory and the territory of a potential enemy, China and Pakistan, at least into pictures, this high-tech Israeli miracle is unlikely to function, and there are mountains, gullies, gorges, caves, plateaus, a huge territory ... in general, not Israel like a flat plain or Syria with smooth bumps ... to plow and plow and buy digitalization equipment and software.

        Your conclusions will soon bring me to tears of laughter))))
        Why should the Indians have to digitize the maps of Iran and its nearest neighbors? Because they don't have satellite imagery of the surface?
        The CT-MENTOR system uses XNUMXD photographs of the field, obtained earlier during the UAV overflight, and satellite images. Maybe you think that they don't have pictures of the immediate surroundings?))) And drones and satellites have long ceased to photograph the terrain, at least the nearest districts?))) As technology advances, there will be new more updated maps online and from satellites and with drones too. Your reflections on the level of intelligence reception:
        -In the field I see three haystacks ... I'm at the extreme.
        The ensign carefully looked at the map and did not notice any haystacks. Where the hell are they?
    3. +1
      20 October 2020 23: 58
      Quote: elai
      Small states began to make serious weapons

      Indeed, aiming "by photography" is a rather effective thing and at the same time absolutely not complicated, given the modern development of technology. Even the poorest countries can afford such "devices". And Israel would have to think hard here, because very little time will pass and missiles that are guided at specific targets "from a photograph" will come to replace the flying Palestinian missiles. This is possible even in the most artisanal conditions.
      The Israeli "dome", which "calculates the trajectory of missiles and shoots down only those threatening to fall where it is not necessary" - will play a cruel joke due to this property, because here you cannot calculate the trajectory very much. For example, up to a certain point, they can all fly "to wasteland", and seconds before "landing" they can change direction and hit real targets.
    4. +3
      21 October 2020 02: 55
      This is what is surprising. Israel, Japan as the planet of Shelezyak, there are no minerals, no water ......, but ahead of the rest in many respects.
      1. 0
        22 October 2020 09: 13
        Quote: YOUR
        This is what is surprising. Israel, Japan as Shelezyak's planet there are no minerals, no water ... but ahead of the rest of the planet for many indicators.

        ===
        including the varieties of fanaticism, as here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Subd4F5YfFU&feature=emb_title
  2. +1
    20 October 2020 18: 37
    high-precision strikes in areas not covered by GPS.

    Where is it? Near the poles? There seems to be a problem with GPS, although I could be wrong.
    1. +4
      20 October 2020 18: 45
      Quote: Spade
      Where is it?

      Well, here we have already written more than once that this jeepies is turned off / deceived for one or two.
      Here are the Israelis and offer to do without him.
      1. +4
        20 October 2020 18: 49
        Quote: Jacket in stock
        Well, here we have already written more than once that this jeepies is turned off / deceived for one or two.

        "cheated" it is not "unavailable"

        Quote: Jacket in stock
        Here are the Israelis and offer to do without him.

        Actually no. As far as I know, these bombs do have a ZHPS module, and it is he who participates in the withdrawal of the Spice to the target area.
        And already there there is a second aiming "by photography".
        1. +1
          20 October 2020 22: 09
          Quote: Spade
          And already there there is a second aiming "by photography"

          And how to direct "by photography" into the fog, at night ...?
          Independence from GPS allows autonomous and precise strikes, and in any weather conditions and at any time of the day
          1. +1
            21 October 2020 09: 58
            Quote: Piramidon
            And how to direct "by photography" into the fog, at night ...?

            Visible and IR photography
    2. +1
      20 October 2020 18: 48
      Quote: Spade
      high-precision strikes in areas not covered by GPS.

      Where is it? Near the poles? There seems to be a problem with GPS, although I could be wrong.

      GPS signals can be jammed locally and remotely, that is, there is no need to move along a certain route with the equipment. Stationary equipment jamming within a radius of hundreds of kilometers.
      1. 0
        20 October 2020 18: 51
        Quote: Babermetis
        GPS signals jammed

        Again, it is "jammed" and not "no signal from satellites." Or "receiving signals from satellites, the module cannot determine the coordinates"
    3. 0
      20 October 2020 19: 05
      Quote: Spade
      Where is it?

      Where "Rubella-2"
      1. +4
        20 October 2020 19: 08
        Quote: Vitaly Gusin
        Where "Rubella-2"

        "Krasuha".
        But it works on the aviation radar, and not on the signals of the Navstar satellite constellation
        1. 0
          20 October 2020 19: 14
          Quote: Spade
          "Krasuha".

          The Israeli Civil Aviation Authority reported that problems with Israeli crews arose not only in Ben Gurion, but also when landing in Larnaca (Cyprus).
          Problems with GPS signal reception at the airports of Israel and Cyprus are associated with the use of the Krasukha electronic warfare system by the Russian military in Syria. Similar problems have been reported since last year in Norway and Finland.
          1. +6
            20 October 2020 19: 17
            Quote: Vitaly Gusin
            The Israeli Civil Aviation Authority reported that problems with Israeli crews arose not only in Ben Gurion, but also when landing in Larnaca (Cyprus).
            Problems with GPS reception

            It remains for journalists to figure out how the ZHPS signal is used during landing, otherwise the lies are not at all of a high quality. Even I, a layman, understand this.
            1. -2
              20 October 2020 19: 43
              Quote: Spade
              otherwise it's a lie not at all high quality

              Israeli officials say the intervention was prompted by the Russian military in Syria. To solve the problem Israel sent a representative of the Ministry of Defense to Russia to discuss the disruptions.
              The military explained that the incident was purely civil and did not affect their activities in any way.
              "The Israel Defense Forces are constantly working to maintain freedom of action and operational superiority on the spectrum," the statement said.
              1. +2
                20 October 2020 19: 49
                Quote: Vitaly Gusin
                Israeli officials say the interference was prompted by the Russian military in Syria.

                Naturally.
                Israel needs to help terrorists in Syria, striking blows at those who dare to fight them. And the Russian means of REP interfere with this

                So we have to lie about the fact that the Russian "Krasukhi" in some way interfere with the landing of civilian aircraft in Cyprus.
                The usual bogus accusations. Designed for a not particularly smart man in the street.
                1. +1
                  20 October 2020 20: 48
                  Quote: Spade
                  So we have to to lie

                  "The Israel Defense Forces are constantly working to maintain freedom of action and operational superiority on the spectrum."- said in a statement.
                  Well, about lying, this is the wrong address.
                  Quote: Spade
                  It is necessary for Israel to help terrorists in Syria

                  You have your own terrorists, and Israel has its own, Hizbalah and Ksir.
                  Quote: Spade
                  And the Russian means of REP interfere with this

                  Well, somehow about 1000 terrorist facilities were destroyed. TERREORREST ORGANIZATION OF HIZBAL AND IRGC.
                  Well, now about those whom you call "terrorists"
                  Former terrorists, (as you called) the Free Syrian Army (FSA), under the leadership of Russia, was united into the so-called "Fifth Corps". Terrorists yesterday and companions today. Russia has supplied the corps with T62 tanks and BMP-1 armored personnel carriers equipped with Kornet missiles. The corps also receives unlimited air assistance from the Russian headquarters at Khmeimim airbase, resulting in massive air support softening targets prior to any corps ground offensive, significantly speeding up their missions.
                  The enemy of the Russian military is the "Fourth Division" under the command of the brother of the Syrian leader Maer Assad, who is supported by Iran.
                  And I wrote this so that you would understand in Israel who was a terrorist, he remained with them. And it will be destroyed always and everywhere!
                  1. +4
                    20 October 2020 21: 15
                    Quote: Vitaly Gusin
                    Well, about lying, this is the wrong address.

                    Especially so that the Israeli military does not look like dead liars, it is prescribed for all pilots of civilian aircraft to use the modules of their smartphones when landing in Cyprus.

                    Quote: Vitaly Gusin
                    Well, somehow about 1000 terrorist facilities were destroyed.

                    Well, of course.
                    The Israeli military is not lying.
                    After all, for example, terrorists from the IRGC are destroying Israel's cute and furry friends from al-Qaeda, and this is unacceptable.
                    When these kids, who knocked down two skyscrapers in the United States, controlled the territory near the line of contact with the occupied Golan, everything was "smooth" for Israel. But when they took up and began to destroy them, they immediately got excited. And they began to show "concern" up to the attack on those who were destroying al-Qaeda militants under the most enchanting pretext to insanity, "firing towards Israeli territory."
                    It looks very rotten from the side ...

                    They would strike at Washington. There are those who "thanks" to whom the IRGC and Hezbollah were able to gain such a huge force in Syria.
                    But they were at knives during the period of active dismissal of the Syrian contingent from Lebanon and after these events. And now that's it.

                    Quote: Vitaly Gusin
                    And I wrote this so that you would understand in Israel who was a terrorist, he remained with them. And it will be destroyed always and everywhere!

                    laughing laughing laughing
                    They say the Muslim Brotherhood not only actually runs the FSA, but is also the parent organization for its branch in the Gaza Strip called Hamas.
                    So what is "always and everywhere"?
                    Israel's support for terrorists will definitely go sideways. Ask the Americans, they have a lot of experience in this.
                    1. -5
                      20 October 2020 21: 33
                      Quote: Spade
                      Israel's support for terrorists will definitely go sideways. Ask the Americans, they have a lot of experience in this.

                      Each has its own address.
                      YOU HAVE KISEL TV, MASHUTKA AND RT, which was fined in Great Britain 200 thousand pounds for false information.
                      1. +8
                        20 October 2020 21: 41
                        Quote: Vitaly Gusin
                        YOU HAVE KISEL TV

                        When I first read about "KISEL TV" I was very surprised. I thought "well, he is against Putin, he left for Ukraine and received citizenship there" ...
                        And then it turned out that your audience is much more aware of what is happening on Russian television, and there are actually two Kisilevs wassat


                        Quote: Vitaly Gusin
                        who was fined in the UK 200 thousand pounds for false information.

                        So they told the truth. Otherwise, the British weren't so excited.
                        Yes, in a real democracy, truth must be punished. The electorate must know its place. And don't ask stupid questions like "why the cat had to be killed"
                2. +3
                  20 October 2020 22: 06
                  Quote: Spade

                  Israel needs to help terrorists in Syria, striking blows at those who dare to fight them. And the Russian means of REP interfere with this

                  So we have to lie about the fact that the Russian "Krasukhi" in some way interfere with the landing of civilian aircraft in Cyprus.
                  The usual bogus accusations. Designed for a not particularly smart man in the street.

                  Lopatov, and what terrorists does Israel help? laughing Nusra (Tahrir a Sham), who is at war with IS, who is beaten by Hezbollah and the Persians, preventing her from fighting terror? Or Hezbollah, which is beating the SDF, which is at war with Nusra? You will decide - who are the terrorists there, who is interfering with whom, what is terror, etc. wink
                  1. +4
                    21 October 2020 10: 03
                    Quote: Krasnodar
                    Lopatov, and what terrorists does Israel help?

                    Terrorist.
                    You see, the Ukrainian version of "killing the commander of the 1st Ukrainian Front, General of the Army Vatutin, we didn’t really help the Nazis" can pass agitprop for an undemanding Israeli audience.

                    But adequate people do not believe such stupidity for a long time

                    By striking at those who are fighting terrorists, Israel unequivocally and actively supports the latter.
                    1. +1
                      21 October 2020 10: 30
                      So, Assad in Damascus has long been the headquarters of an organization called Islamic Jihad on legal grounds with his permission - are they not terrorists? laughing Or we are talking about the "Great Jihad", if you, as demanding, adequate, and most importantly, knowing consumer of information, aware of what it is wink
                      This means that Assad keeps terrorists and is a legitimate target for any strikes. ))
                      Further - his air force struck at the FSA, which fought against IS and Nusra - is not Assad's direct support of the terrorists?
                      Moreover, attacking Nusra, who fought with ISIS, he supported, according to your logic, ISIS - right? wink
                      And if you are so competent in what is happening in Syria, please explain, pliz, in literally two sentences, what is the difference between IS from El Kama and Nusra from ISIS))
                      1. 0
                        21 October 2020 10: 54
                        Quote: Krasnodar
                        So at Assad

                        Does he run Israel?

                        Once again, no matter what you wrote there, the murder of Vatutin was direct and immediate aid to the Nazis... Regardless of the fact that the Kama object worked near Kazan at one time
                      2. +3
                        21 October 2020 11: 35
                        I do not compose - you just do not know. And absolutely not in the know laughing Assad keeps terrorists, both Sunni and Shiite, from Hezbollah. hi And if you take Ukrainian analogies, then the war of the Western nationalists against the Wehrmacht does not make them fighters against Nazism (legal in Syria, by the way) wink
                      3. +1
                        21 October 2020 13: 00
                        Quote: Krasnodar
                        I do not compose - you just do not know.

                        Once again, the ukronatsi who killed Vatutin have no excuses.
                        None of the reasons can indicate that the assassination of the front commander was not a help to the Nazis.
                      4. +1
                        21 October 2020 13: 07
                        As well as the struggle of the Ukrainians with the German Nazis did not make them allies of the USSR laughing
                      5. +2
                        21 October 2020 13: 15
                        Quote: Krasnodar
                        the fight of the Ukrainians against the Nazis

                        ?
                        I'm afraid this is from the category of legends.
                        Like an epic struggle between the coccyx and the rest of the body.

                        Those who could potentially do this were shot at Babi Yar. Moreover, with the active participation of former associates, patriots of Ukraine.
                      6. The comment was deleted.
                      7. 0
                        21 October 2020 14: 58
                        They demolished my comment - in short, since 1943 they fought with the Germans, Poles and ours. Confirmed by German archives.
    4. The comment was deleted.
    5. AUL
      +4
      20 October 2020 22: 38
      So after all, GPS is such a thing, today it is, and tomorrow, you see, it is not at all! Or, through the efforts of EW, instead of the true coordinates, it will show "the price of whips on Privoz for the day before yesterday." So the WTO without reference to GPS is a useful thing!
      1. +1
        21 October 2020 10: 15
        Quote from AUL
        So after all, GPS is such a thing, today it is, and tomorrow, you see, it is not at all! Or, through the efforts of EW, instead of the true coordinates, it will show "the price of whips on Privoz for the day before yesterday." So the WTO without reference to GPS is a useful thing!

        laughing
        It's actually much more complicated ...

        Firstly, the ammunition, which is guided by sources of interference for the GPS signal, has been created, tested and delivered to the troops for three years already. Or maybe earlier, but three years ago the article was published at Army Recognition
        So with jamming everything is not as simple as it seems

        Secondly, there are INS, which some especially advanced Israelis or their fans have declared below the branch "a relic of the past." Because the Israeli military-industrial complex sawed a lot of money to develop methods for cutting out tonsils through the exhaust pipe.
        And these systems, despite being unfashionable, perfectly prevent "spoofing", that is, substitution of coordinates.
  3. +1
    20 October 2020 19: 06
    Several years ago, RAFAEL received a request from the IDF to develop a GPS-free navigation system for armored vehicles such as tanks and armored personnel carriers, as well as army Hummer jeeps. This need arose after the IDF discovered ways to jam GPS using jamming in combat operations in Syria. The development of the ordered navigation system was recently completed with financial support from the Department of Defense's Arms Development Office.
    Learn more here:

    http://go.newsfusion.com/il_news_russian/item/12181043
    1. +1
      20 October 2020 19: 14
      Quote: A. Privalov
      Several years ago, RAFAEL received a request from the IDF to develop a GPS-free navigation system for armored vehicles such as tanks and armored personnel carriers, as well as army Hummer jeeps. This need arose after the IDF discovered ways to jam GPS using jamming in combat operations in Syria.

      It's too late. In the USSR, such years in the 70s en masse went to the troops.

      Why develop? You could stupidly buy from the same French.
      1. 0
        20 October 2020 19: 31
        Do you really think that the technologies of the 70s are still worth something and they are useful? And the "stupid" Jews did not know anything about this, and spent millions of greens on the development of something similar? Interesting ...
        1. +6
          20 October 2020 19: 40
          Quote: Danila46
          Do you really think that the technologies of the 70s are still worth something today and they are useful?

          Ага.
          NOBODY has yet abandoned inertial navigation systems.
          Every year they are more and more accurate, every year their work needs less and less correction

          Quote: Danila46
          And the "stupid" Jews knew nothing about it

          Fair? Of course they knew.
          But denyuzhku someone wants, and a lot. So they are sawing .... And the people hawala .... That the only way to do without the ZHPS is to first create the most accurate maps of the area for a lot of money and regularly update them, and then install systems on armored vehicles for no less big money, which are based on these maps will give out the location of the car.

          ANN? No, this is unfashionable.
          And then it turns out that the fog, and not the electronic warfare of the Syrians, interferes with the new navigation system. And under this pretext they will gash down on something else. For example, on the composition of soils. laughing
          1. +1
            20 October 2020 21: 17
            Quote: Spade
            But denyuzhku someone wants, and a lot. So they saw it ... And the people hawala ...

            Struck by your wisdom. You are absolutely right! It’s not the first time I’m surprised, well, why do we need all these high-precision weapons. One trouble with him. Here, the staff are stupid, as they shoot with their high-precision ones, they will go to school, then to the hospital, then to the wedding. Well, as a last resort, the market will be covered. No, they should take an example from the videoconferencing: with five thousand simple cast-iron FABs they beat barmaley in the eye! They don't even spoil the skin. For five years - not a single miss. Well done!
            1. +5
              20 October 2020 21: 34
              Quote: A. Privalov
              Struck by your wisdom. You are absolutely right! It’s not the first time I’m surprised, well, why do we need all these high-precision weapons.

              Excuse me, but what does "precision weapon" have to do with it? I did not mention it at all ... Let me remind you, if you are not aware, the navigation system on tanks and armored personnel carriers is by no means a WTO.
              We tried to discuss the difference between the good old inertial navigation system and the newfangled and costly navigation by the relative position of the car and local objects with known coordinates, which are taken from 3D maps. Which still need to be created. And update.


              Your post is the clearest example of outright demagogy and distortion.
              1. +1
                20 October 2020 23: 55
                Quote: Spade
                Your post is the clearest example of outright demagogy and distortion.

                Watch your hands. We change "high-precision" to "smart" (as stated in the article) and ....
                Voilà!
                Where did the demagoguery and distortion go? laughing lol tongue
                1. +1
                  21 October 2020 09: 55
                  Quote: A. Privalov
                  Watch your hands. We change "high-precision" to "smart" (as stated in the article) and ....
                  Voilà!

                  And still demagoguery, despite all your tricks

                  When, in response to criticism of a rather strange decision to determine the location of your own armored vehicles, you give out pretentious dregs about high-precision weapons. Which, well, has nothing to do with navigation systems technology.
            2. +4
              21 October 2020 01: 19

              A. Privalov (Alexander Privalov)
              Yesterday, 23: 55
              ... No, they should take an example from the videoconferencing: with five thousand simple cast-iron FABs they beat barmaley in the eye! They don't even spoil the skin. For five years - not a single miss. Well done!


              Jewish flyers to such results - as to India with cancer! It's not for you to shoot civilian objects on the sly in SAR !!! laughing lol tongue laughing wassat
              1. +1
                21 October 2020 01: 38
                lol
                There is a "slightly" different annual plaque and weapons, completely different minced meat from machines, etc.
                In addition, the SAR, unlike the barmaley, against whom the VKS is working, has some kind of air defense, so the work of the Israelis is even more dangerous. hi After all, the objects of the civilian organization Hezbollah and the humanitarian fund of the IRGC are still guarded by the air defense of Syria)).
                1. +1
                  21 October 2020 08: 14

                  Krasnodar
                  Today, 01: 38
                  NEW

                  0
                  lol
                  There is a "slightly" different annual plaque and weapons, completely different minced meat from machines, etc.
                  In addition, the SAR, unlike the barmaley, against whom the VKS is working, has some kind of air defense, so the work of the Israelis is even more dangerous.
                  Just don't hang up the noodles. The Jews entered Libyan airspace, shot at civilians, and knocked down. And what, the air defense of the SAR will shoot down planes over another state ?! angry
                  1. +2
                    21 October 2020 11: 53
                    Why Libya, Tunisia laughing
                    Which civilians - from the IRGC or Hezbollah? )) Or maybe civilians are serving in the air defense of Syria?
                    On the attacks of Heil Avira:
                    If they hit the outskirts of Damascus or East Syria, the attack is carried out from the territory of Israel. In 2018, the Syrians shot down an F-16 over Israel, and sometimes Syrian air defense missiles land in Jordan;
                    If the attack is carried out on Latakia, the attack is from the Mediterranean Sea, once during the repulsion of such an attack the C-200 landed in Cyprus;
                    Sometimes they attack from the territory of Lebanon (conditionally - north of Damascus - the Center of the Country), and the Syrians also shoot if they manage to detect it, which is quite difficult because of the mountains. Figures on the electronic warfare marks left by the Israelis;
                    Attacks on the Iraqi-Syrian border are carried out from the territory of Syria itself. Most likely - F-35 hi
                2. The comment was deleted.
      2. +1
        20 October 2020 22: 19
        Israel has been under a French arms embargo since early June 1967.
        1. +1
          21 October 2020 01: 23

          Krasnodar
          Yesterday, 22: 19
          NEW

          0
          Israel has been under a French arms embargo since early June 1967.
          So what is next? Do Jews cry and cry? laughing
          1. +1
            21 October 2020 01: 36
            No way - they have developed their own soldier
            1. -1
              21 October 2020 01: 38

              Krasnodar
              Today, 01: 36

              0
              Not at all - soldier developed their own
              If you want to live, you will not be so hot! (c)
              1. 0
                21 October 2020 01: 41
                Quite right! ))
      3. +2
        20 October 2020 23: 09
        Lopatov (Lopatov)
        Today, 19: 14
        It's too late. In the USSR, such years in the 70s en masse went to the troops.

        Why develop? You could stupidly buy from the same French.

        An excellent answer to your proposal yesterday was made by the head of the Rafael Innovation Center, Shmuel Olansky, who previously led the IDF armored corps. "We will not ask our digitally minded young soldiers to go back to using paper maps when GPS cannot be trusted. It was difficult and imprecise in the days of their parents and grandparents."
        Therefore, the CT-MENTOR was created in Rafael, using three-dimensional photographs of the field, obtained earlier during the flight of a UAV, and satellite images.
        A series of cameras mounted on combat vehicles scan the surroundings, create XNUMXD images and combine them with aerial photographs. This allows the system to locate the vehicle with an accuracy of five meters. The system can then share the location with friendly troops nearby, allowing it to navigate the terrain without the need for GPS.
        1. +2
          21 October 2020 09: 57
          Quote: Divers
          We will not ask our digitally minded young soldiers to go back to using paper maps.

          laughing
          You absolutely did not understand what the conversation was about
          1. +1
            21 October 2020 10: 18
            Quote: Divers
            An excellent answer to your proposal yesterday was made by the head of the Rafael Innovation Center, Shmuel Olansky, who previously led the IDF armored corps.

            Don't you know that no one is fighting in a single-breasted one now? Ugliness! The war is on the doorstep, and we are not ready. No, we are not ready for war.
    2. +2
      20 October 2020 19: 38
      I have read about the development of a "local radio navigation positioning system" in Russia. Similar systems were in the project and abroad ... Unfortunately, I can not give details now ... I do not remember ... The system is designed to provide navigation, coordinates of the location of the theater of operations (theater of military operations); that is, local .... Basic stations are positioned using GPS ... or other means. Base stations are housed in containers and transported by various vehicles. An alternative to the navigation system can be a navigation system built on the principles of TERCOM ... Before the introduction of GPS, the Americans wanted to rely on differential range-finding guidance systems ...
      1. +3
        20 October 2020 20: 36
        Quote: Nikolaevich I
        I have read about the development of a "local radio navigation positioning system" in Russia. Similar systems were in the project and abroad ... Unfortunately, I can not give details now ... I do not remember ... The system is designed to provide navigation, coordinates of the location of the theater of operations (theater of military operations); that is, local .... Basic stations are positioned using GPS ... or other means. Base stations are housed in containers and transported by various vehicles. An alternative to the navigation system can be a navigation system built on the principles of TERCOM ... Before the introduction of GPS, the Americans wanted to rely on differential range-finding guidance systems ...

        It's not quite right here. It's just that the bomb is dropped 100 kilometers before the target and stupidly plans in the target area using a cheap inertial system. In the area of ​​the target, the electro-optical seeker of the bomb finds the target pre-installed in its memory and ...
        1. +2
          20 October 2020 21: 47
          Quote: professor
          The bomb is dropped 100 kilometers before the target and stupidly plans in the target area using a cheap inertial system. In the area of ​​the target, the electro-optical seeker of the bomb finds the target pre-installed in its memory and ...

          Thank you for the clarification! hi I had such a thought, but I found it too simple to explain ... it turns out that in vain! But it was not in vain that he mentioned the Americans ... When the Americans were no longer satisfied with bombs with laser and television-command guidance systems (short range? Dependence on weather conditions? ...), and there was no GPS yet; then they were going to rely on differential-rangefinder guidance systems for launching into the target area, and there should already be active millimeter-wave radar seeker ... The French also decided to do without GPS in their "scalps" ... That is, I wanted to say, that attempts to do without GPS for long-range weapon guidance were made quite a long time ago, right up to GPS ...
          1. +3
            21 October 2020 13: 09
            Quote: Nikolaevich I
            Quote: professor
            The bomb is dropped 100 kilometers before the target and stupidly plans in the target area using a cheap inertial system. In the area of ​​the target, the electro-optical seeker of the bomb finds the target pre-installed in its memory and ...

            Thank you for the clarification! hi I had such a thought, but I found it too simple to explain ... it turns out that in vain! But it was not in vain that he mentioned the Americans ... When the Americans were no longer satisfied with bombs with laser and television-command guidance systems (short range? Dependence on weather conditions? ...), and there was no GPS yet; then they were going to rely on differential-rangefinder guidance systems for launching into the target area, and there should already be active millimeter-wave radar seeker ... The French also decided to do without GPS in their "scalps" ... That is, I wanted to say, that attempts to do without GPS for long-range weapon guidance were made quite a long time ago, right up to GPS ...

            Let's remember the old and not kind Tomahawks and pershing. There was no GPS yet, but these missiles already had unique accuracy. Techniques and algorithms have advanced even further today. It's scary to imagine what will happen. By the way, nobody talks about KVO at Spies. Pint Point Precision. There is nowhere further.
  4. +3
    20 October 2020 20: 01
    Compactness, performance, reliability, new computers, at the level, and further will be even better. With the improvement of the parameters of compact, independent positioning systems, much becomes possible, which could not have been dreamed of before !!!
    It is bad that all this is not for the good of man, but for his destruction.
    1. +3
      20 October 2020 20: 19
      Quote: rocket757
      With the improvement of the parameters of compact, independent positioning systems,

      Everything is somewhat different here, as described in the article.
      In fact, we are talking about something else.

      "A new ability to deliver precision strikes in areas not covered by GPS has now been announced."
      Areas are in the sense of not "territory" A "conditions" under which guidance by means of an INS with correction according to global positioning data is not applicable.
      For example, moving targets. Or targets that need to be hit with greater accuracy (although some here talked about super accuracy). Or targets in areas where the GPS signal is jammed or spoofed

      How it works.
      Previously, a rocket (EPIK), and now a bonba (SPICE) arrive at the target area, guided by the very same INS + GPS. And already in the target area, optics + IR begins to work
      Recognizing targets. Obtained earlier, for example, from UAVs. And introduced before launch or before takeoff. They write that up to hundreds of goals are in memory, they write that you can enter priorities or apply for a specific goal
      Recognized, "captured", defeat. Apparently, automatic retargeting is also possible if the main target is "gone" or is hit by another ammunition.
      1. 0
        20 October 2020 20: 35
        I wrote in general.
        It was possible to add about reconnaissance means and a programmable task to identify and defeat targets.
        Those. powerful computer with appropriate reconnaissance and positioning tools.
        The main thing is a powerful calculator, although everything else should be up to par.
        1. +3
          20 October 2020 20: 56
          Well, in fact, you describe the work of granite, there is also a launch into the target area, one at a height, a pile at the bottom, the function of distributing targets. Duc how many years have passed. and even the technologies of that time allowed to do this, what can we say about the present
          1. 0
            20 October 2020 22: 26
            Now everything is faster, more accurate, smarter ts .. accuracy, selectivity, intelligence of any device, this is a harmonious combination of a powerful computer. platforms with a complex of reconnaissance and positioning means. On large ammunition, this could be realized even then, but on small, high-speed ones, this is another song. Now, in general, it turns out smaller, faster, smarter and cheaper.
            By the way, such a clever, nimble, accurate ammunition suggests a change in tactics, strategy of using it. Which can also be an unpleasant surprise for the enemy.
      2. +5
        20 October 2020 20: 35
        it is still highly dependent on the theater of war. Somehow I read a long time ago either memoirs or a story, the meaning is this: at 90, at the invitation of some one, our general arrived in the USA, they show him beauty, etc. and he looks at the lighthouse on the rock and says that this landmark was laid in the warhead ... why am I how this canoe will work, for example, in our taiga (God forbid, of course) where pine trees are 20+ meters, -25 average temperature. Well, he will try, for example, to track down the pu Iskander. its stupidly because of the crowns of trees will not be visible. so in the desert where there is no greenery or mountainous contrasting terrain, this can still work, but in our forests it most likely will not work
        1. 0
          20 October 2020 20: 41
          Reconnaissance, control, positioning means do not stand still. What used to be a fairy tale becomes reality.
          To get to the coordinates, without positioning systems, they can already ... constrains, as always, the dimensions and price of such a move. For a large caliber, this is no longer a problem, but shove it into a small one, and so the Schaub worked effectively, the price was not sky-high ...
          will surely appear. The only question is when?
          1. -2
            20 October 2020 21: 48
            So already here and now. Engineers of the Israeli defense concern RAFAEL have completed work on the latest guidance system for missile launchers. Video footage of the successful tests released Sunday, June 3, 1918. The warhead of such a projectile is equipped with special sensors that allow you to bypass radio electronic interference against GPS navigation.
            The new system, named EPIK (Electro-optical Precision Integration Kit), can be installed on any Grad-type short-range missiles that hit targets at a distance of 20-30 kilometers. Accuracy up to 3m.
            At the heart of this miniature complex is a similar system used to guide missiles that are in service with the Air Force. It is insensitive to air defense interference that disables GPS navigation. The missile's course is corrected by the visual image of the target. The camera in the aiming head takes pictures of the intended target and compares them with the pictures loaded into the device's memory.
            As soon as the electronic unit accurately recognizes the target, the missile goes to defeat it. For example, a guidance system can identify a building by the location of windows and doors, or identify a specific building in a densely built environment. The Israeli "electronic sight" can be installed on various missiles, such as 122 mm Grad-type projectiles, which are equipped with the armed forces of many Eastern European states. Such a complex costs about $ 2000 and makes it possible to turn missiles into precision weapons.
            1. 0
              20 October 2020 22: 22
              Modernization of the Grad does not take much time and yes, I almost forgot, these are not cartoons at all))) If interested, I can add a video of testing this system. Cheap and cheerful.
              All you need is a map, video or photo from a surveillance drone.
              1. -1
                21 October 2020 02: 33
                Quote: Divers
                Upgrading the Castle doesn't take long

                Do you expect the Palestinians soon? )
                There really isn't anything complicated there
        2. +2
          20 October 2020 20: 42
          All weapons have their own limitations.
          But if the Iskander launcher could be found, then they can hit.
          For diversity. Up to exotic. Remember the "BATs" that were guided by the sound of a running tank engine.
          1. 0
            20 October 2020 20: 51
            Quote: Spade
            But if the Iskander launcher could find

            So my whole answer was that it was impossible to detect the Iskander in the deep taiga without having exact coordinates, but only the location area most likely would not work. for while he grosses it, he will have to fall, in the desert yes - from afar you can see
            1. -1
              20 October 2020 21: 01
              Quote: vadson
              was that to detect the pu Iskander in the deep taiga without having exact coordinates

              And what are satellites for?
              1. +2
                20 October 2020 21: 56
                Quote: Vitaly Gusin
                And what are satellites for?

                laughing
                Have you ever seen the satellite flyby schedule?
                1. -1
                  20 October 2020 22: 05
                  Quote: Spade
                  Have you ever seen the satellite flyby schedule?

                  Taiga was never interested in Israel, but over Iran every 16 minutes.
                  1. 0
                    21 October 2020 00: 05
                    Quote: Vitaly Gusin
                    Taiga was never interested in Israel

                    Did you just forget your people from the Jewish Autonomous Region?
                    1. 0
                      21 October 2020 06: 30
                      Quote: Boris ⁣Razor
                      Did you just forget your people from the Jewish Autonomous Region?

                      There are 1% of the population of their own, and why the name of the Jewish Autonomous Region, and they should be asked what they forgot there?
                      1. 0
                        21 October 2020 11: 43
                        Quote: Vitaly Gusin
                        they should be asked what they forgot there

                        The Jewish Autonomous Region has existed for much longer than Israel. Naturally, many people have more to do with this place than can be associated with Israel.
                      2. 0
                        21 October 2020 14: 20
                        Quote: Boris ⁣Razor
                        The Jewish Autonomous Region has existed for much longer than Israel. Naturally, many people have more to do with this place than can be associated with Israel.

                        Error!
                        For millennia, Jews have always sought to return to their land, the land of Israel. And the Passover prayer, wherever the Jews have lived for thousands of years, ends with the words לשנה הבאה בירושלים Next year in Jerusalem!
                        And YOU about the place that you came up with to replace Jerusalem for Jews lol
                      3. 0
                        21 October 2020 15: 37
                        Quote: Vitaly Gusin
                        Error!

                        There is no mistake. When the State of Israel appeared (so, it seems, was it called?) Is not a secret to anyone.
                      4. 0
                        21 October 2020 16: 38
                        Quote: Boris ⁣Razor
                        it's not a secret to anybody.

                        As a nation, the ancient Jews took shape in the 2nd millennium BC. e. in the territory of ancient Canaan. Which they began to call Land of Israel.
                        If you do not know something, it does not mean that this NO!
                      5. +1
                        21 October 2020 19: 19
                        Quote: Vitaly Gusin
                        ancient Jews took shape in the 2nd millennium BC. eh

                        What do you have to do with it?
                      6. 0
                        21 October 2020 19: 37
                        Quote: Boris ⁣Razor
                        What do you have to do with it?

                        I am a Jew and I live in the land of my ancestors, where ALL JEWS live and will live!
                      7. 0
                        21 October 2020 21: 22
                        Quote: Vitaly Gusin
                        ALL JEWS will live!

                        Your mouth won't break, will you be responsible for everyone?
                      8. -1
                        21 October 2020 21: 38
                        Quote: Boris ⁣Razor
                        Your mouth won't break, will you be responsible for everyone?

                        And you can not lead the discussion in the style of Scheinen?
                        The population of Israel is 9.092.000 people. This is 184 thousand more than a year earlier. According to CSB experts, 10 million people will live in Israel in about five years - at the end of 2024, 20 million - in 2065.
                        In total since 1948, about 3,3 million people have immigrated to Israel.
                        Compare yourself with your country or should I write?
                      9. 0
                        21 October 2020 21: 58
                        So what's wrong with the mouth? Are the corners still aching?
                        Take and call a whole people a herd, which will do what one sick head wants. Well this is necessary
                      10. 0
                        22 October 2020 06: 58
                        Quote: Vitaly Gusin
                        Compare yourself with your country or should I write?

                        I keep my promises!
                        Since 2018, the natural population decline (excess of mortality over births) has not been compensated for by the migration inflow, which is why the total population of the country is decreasing: in 2018 it decreased by 99,7 thousand people, in 2019 - by 32,1 thousand. In 2020, according to the government, the population of Russia will decrease five times faster - by 158 thousand people.
                        According to Rosstat data, in the first half of this year, the natural population decline has already amounted to 265,5 thousand people (946,5 thousand deaths versus 681 thousand born). Mortality in January-June 2020 against the background of the pandemic increased by 3,1% compared to the same period in 2019, while the birth rate decreased by 5,4%.
                        YOU DO NOT HAVE TO THINK ABOUT ISRAEL!
                2. +1
                  20 October 2020 22: 25
                  Gusin is confused with the Israeli, flying with the speed of the Earth's rotation - such "installed" over Syria and Iran
                  1. -1
                    20 October 2020 22: 47
                    Quote: Krasnodar
                    Gusin is confused with the Israeli, flying with the speed of the Earth's rotation - such "installed" over Syria and Iran

                    Yes, I wrote [i] and over Iran, every 16 minutest [/ i]
                    А duck my whole answer to that and boiled down to detect poo Iskander in the deep taiga
                    And really not interesting.
                    1. 0
                      20 October 2020 23: 42
                      There is such a territory)))
  5. 0
    20 October 2020 21: 27
    For the first time a bomb of the Spice series (Smart, Precise Impact, Cost-Effective) was shown at the Le Bourget exhibition in 2003, these were the oversized old ladies Spice-1000 and Spice-2000. A more advanced Spice-250 was presented there 10 years later. The Israeli defense concern RAPHAEL has upgraded the Spice-250 small-size guided gliding bomb of the SPICE family on April 2, 2019.
    The 250th model weighs only 125 kg and is small in size, which makes it difficult to detect by air defense systems. The aircraft is capable of simultaneously launching several such bombs, and it will be difficult to respond to them with missile defense systems (including the S-300 and S-400).
    The new bomb will be equipped with Israeli Air Force combat aircraft. Due to its small dimensions, each fighter is capable of carrying up to 16 of these bombs, which, after launch, open their wings and continue to independently move towards the target (up to 100 km).
    The target is actually hit with surgical precision. Even if the target is located in the center of a densely populated area or in the middle of an airfield, it will be destroyed so that all surrounding objects are not affected.
    The guidance system was also developed at RAFAEL, it was named EPIK (Electro-optical Precision Integration Kit).
    Lightweight, gliding guided Spice-250 provides the ability to attack small targets without the carrier entering the zone of action of the enemy's active air defense systems. The pilot enters the target image into the homing head before dropping, which is more rational, in contrast to GPS homing systems, which can be subject to various interference during the battle.
     In addition, the 250 is capable of operating at any time of the day and in all weather conditions, striking moving targets on land and at sea.
     The RAFAEL concern also explained that during the modernization, significant attention was paid to navigation and guidance systems. The new algorithm, according to the developers, is similar to artificial intelligence, and the pilot has the ability to "talk" to the bomb throughout its path to the target. The system recognizes voice commands and makes adjustments immediately.
      Spice-250 is capable of attacking not only moving targets, but also stationary ones, including buildings and small bunkers. The effectiveness of the projectile against such targets has also been confirmed during tests.
     During the modernization, the designers were solving the problem of how to allow the bomb to visualize the target in poor visibility conditions. How exactly this was done, the concern does not disclose, however, they claim that a solution was found.
  6. 0
    20 October 2020 22: 23
    At this rate, the bullets will soon be guided ...
    1. +1
      20 October 2020 23: 24
      Duc, already there.
  7. -2
    20 October 2020 23: 30
    Israel, by improving its missiles and guided bombs, will be able to significantly improve its position in the world arms market

    Every time I am amazed - their propaganda system was not just taken out of the Union in the most obscene form, it seems that it did not evolve at all all these decades. Just like I opened a Soviet newspaper.
    1. 0
      21 October 2020 00: 21
      Every time I am amazed - their propaganda system was not just taken out of the Union in the most obscene form, it seems that it did not evolve at all all these decades. Just like I opened a Soviet newspaper.

      Yes you are right. This is probably why a country that not everyone will find on the map and, for sure, by poking a finger at it, will close it completely, and also take the territory of its cheerful neighbors, a country with a population of 9 million pennies, and only sand from minerals , occupies a significant niche in the sales of high-tech weapons. hi
      1. -1
        21 October 2020 00: 25
        Quote: Divers
        occupies a significant niche

        Here are the streamlined, meaningless, bravura formulations designed to create positive (or negative, depending on the subject of propaganda) images in the brain of the reader.
    2. 0
      21 October 2020 07: 55
      Propaganda from Israel !? laughing Yah! And in my opinion, no one took her out of the Union. She (propaganda) lives and develops beautifully in Russia wink If you mean advertising of weapons, then Azerbaijan, for example, does it perfectly for Israel. And the Israelis, I would say, on the contrary, often hide some of their weapons. Or they try not to advertise, for example, the strike capabilities of drones, in contrast to the same Turkey.
      1. 0
        21 October 2020 11: 50
        Quote: stone
        develops

        Well, here at least it is developing. There, I say that they took it - and then they use it to the holes.
  8. 0
    21 October 2020 00: 14
    Still, Soviet scientists, as always, were ahead of their time, having closed the Kremlin, the Moskva River and large factories in 1941 with elements of camouflage ...
  9. 0
    21 October 2020 01: 58
    Quote: Captain Pushkin
    They have 7 percent of GDP, and 5 (in fact, a little more than XNUMX) percent of the budget expenditure in our country.

    Right.
    You need to compare the same items of expenditure.

    I wonder how long did the Indians test Israeli weapons before signing a supply agreement?
    1. +1
      21 October 2020 08: 08
      Quote: Comrade Kim
      I wonder how long did the Indians test Israeli weapons before signing a supply agreement?

      They first looked at the use of cruise missiles and the Israeli Air Force's planned SPICE guided bombs to target Hamas and Ksir targets in Syria.
      Then they ground it all.

      And signed
      1. 0
        21 October 2020 12: 30
        Quote: Vitaly Gusin
        They first looked at the use of cruise missiles and the Israeli Air Force's planned SPICE guided bombs to target Hamas and Ksir targets in Syria.

        Have you looked in the crystal ball? ))))
        1. 0
          21 October 2020 14: 30
          Quote: Boris ⁣Razor
          Have you looked in the crystal ball? )))

          Well, why.
          The way you watch Karabakh, only the truth and with the explanations of those who do it.
          1. 0
            21 October 2020 15: 36
            Quote: Vitaly Gusin
            truthfulness

            Are you joking?
            1. 0
              21 October 2020 16: 45
              Quote: Boris ⁣Razor
              Are you joking?

              You are so used to it that you can no longer distinguish from the truth.
  10. -1
    21 October 2020 18: 09
    Quote: YOUR
    This is what is surprising. Israel, Japan as the planet of Shelezyak, there are no minerals, no water ......, but ahead of the rest in many respects.

    Seriously though, we ourselves are surprised .... In terms of high-tech, everything is clear (in terms of strategies):
    We have procedures that allow us to use highly qualified labor at the expense of high remuneration (which draws human resources not only from the former republics of the union, but from Europe, India, China, even from the states).
    As well as the high integration of industries and, in general, scientific and technical contacts and connections with most European and American supergiants, it provides a large sales market for high-tech start-ups, which pulls the entire industry up.
    I hope this has partially satisfied your curiosity.