GKChP: just a conspiracy or a control shot in the USSR?

This is what the victory of democracy looked like in August 1991

This text was supposed to be published in August, by the date, but ... It was then that the authors managed to find several foreign responses to the well-known events of August 1991 in the USSR. Reviews of completely extraordinary, for the sake of which the authors decided to temporarily postpone publications of that time in the Soviet, as well as in the first independent mass media.

Looking from London

By no means for everyone, an attempt at a coup, a kind of "revolution from above", not at all red in nature, but purely bureaucratic, bureaucratic, came as a complete surprise. Someone then quite openly provoked many members of the party elite to a showdown with the "Gorbachev clique", and someone predicted this kind of scrape long before it.

The Western media for the most part with some sadistic ecstasy followed the attempted coup in Russia, undertaken by the party-administrative elite of the country at the end of the summer of 1991. After all, before their very eyes the most daring predictions about the coming collapse of the Soviet Union - a communist colossus with feet of clay - came true.

But only a quarter of a century later, the London Financial Times, the mouthpiece of the business community, mustered up either the courage or the audacity to write that the failed putsch was a prelude to the collapse of the USSR:

On the night of August 19, 1991, a group of conservative-minded members of the Soviet leadership, together with representatives of the security forces, tried to seize power and remove Gorbachev, the last General Secretary of the CPSU. But the organizers of the putsch acted indecisively, and within two days everything was over, which led to an even faster disintegration of the country.

Well, expectations were met completely. But wasn't that the main task of the well-orchestrated GKChP? But during the days of the notorious putsch, the assessments of the Western press were mostly neutral, stating everything for granted. Apparently, they were afraid to frighten off.

But ten years after August 1991, former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, who had recently ceded her post to John Major, in an interview with the BBC beautifully argued that:

the main victory was won by the Soviet people under the leadership of President Yeltsin, the mayor of Leningrad and many other people, without whom victory could not have occurred.

Margaret Thatcher

But she also admitted something completely different:

The role of the West in resolving the August crisis should in no way be underestimated. Almost all democratic countries hastened with unequivocal statements that they did not intend to have anything in common with the State Emergency Committee, that the leaders of the coup would be offered incredible resistance from the entire democratic world. And all this had a very serious impact: I think it was a complete surprise for the State Emergency Committee.

In turn, US President George W. Bush not only did not recognize the State Emergency Committee on August 20, 1991, as it followed from the statement spread by the White House, but also demanded that the legitimate president of the USSR be returned to power. Otherwise, the United States threatened to withdraw the new Soviet-American trade agreement from Congress and increase military and political pressure on the USSR.

On the same day, the foreign ministers of the countries of the European Economic Community decided to freeze the EEC assistance programs to the Soviet Union totaling $ 945 million.And then, on August 20, representatives of the US and German embassies were freely visited by representatives of the US and German embassies, expressing their official support.

Looking from Beijing

It is unlikely that the organizers of the anti-Gorbachev speech were in any way worried about who and when would consider them to be the real authorities. But during the days of the coup, only two managed to officially recognize the State Emergency Committee: the leader of the Libyan revolution, Muammar Gaddafi, and Iraqi President Saddam Hussein.

Saddam Hussein and Muammar Gaddafi

At the same time, the real Colonel Gaddafi not only recognized, but also praised the coup, calling it "a well-done deed that cannot be delayed." And Saddam Hussein expressed the hope that "thanks to the Emergency Committee, we will restore the balance of power in the world and stop the rampant expansion of the United States and Israel."

The DPRK, Vietnam, Cuba and Laos had a similar position, but officially they did not dare to advertise it (apparently, under pressure from Beijing, which officially announced "non-interference in the internal affairs of the USSR, like other countries").

It is not surprising that in the power structures of the PRC, almost on the very first day of the failed coup, on August 19, they realized that the completion of the liquidation of the USSR with the failure of the clearly confused GKChP figures was a matter of the shortest time.

Moreover, as many Chinese political scientists now note, an alternative - the Stalinist Communist Party - was never created in the USSR. It is she, in the opinion of the Chinese comrades, who would be able to reverse the destructive processes in the country.

Although, recall, in the 60s - early 80s in Beijing, they declared the need to create such a party and made every effort to create it. However, in vain (see. The Great Lenin: 150 years without the right to oblivion).

On August 22, 1991, when the State Emergency Committee unexpectedly quickly faded into the past, Qian Qichen, the PRC foreign minister (1988-1997), in a conversation with the Soviet ambassador in Beijing, said that “Sino-Soviet relations will continue to develop on the basis of recorded in joint bilateral communiqués in May 1989 (Beijing) and in May 1991 (Moscow) ”.

At the same time, "the PRC does not intend to interfere in the internal affairs of the USSR, as well as in other countries." Although with a call to influence the situation in the Soviet Union, in order to change there "revisionist leadership, accelerating the collapse of the USSR", they repeatedly appealed to the leadership of the PRC in 1989-91. over 30 pro-Chinese foreign communist parties.

Beijing, for well-known geopolitical reasons, has not advertised support from the PRC for these parties with openly Stalinist, and more often simply Maoist positions since the mid-80s. But in September 1991, the leadership of the CPC Central Committee, according to a number of data, confirmed its same position during meetings with representatives of a number of the aforementioned parties.

In addition, a Chinese curtsey was made to the representatives of the DPRK leadership, who, according to available information, offered something like collective assistance to the "anti-Gorbachev" Soviet communists. And in September-October 1991, the Chinese leadership informed the authorities of the remaining socialist Vietnam, Laos and Cuba about this position.

The rapid collapse of the notorious GKChP on August 21, 1991, which lasted only three days, is considered to be the last attempt to save the USSR and the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from collapse. But in the pro-Stalinist communist movement, to this day, they see in combination with the State Emergency Committee, and not without good reason, something like a special operation to publicly discredit the USSR.

In this regard, it is quite logical to conclude that it was about an operation either spontaneous or carefully planned, to accelerate the liquidation of the state and the party. It seems that the top Chinese leadership itself adhered to the same opinion about the State Emergency Committee, which is why it simply “washed its hands” in connection with the August 1991 situation in the USSR.

Looking from Berlin and Delhi

Such conclusions have not yet received wide coverage in the leading media of the former USSR and socialist countries. Meanwhile, many communist parties of the pro-Stalinist persuasion, operating to this day, give their extraordinary assessments of the GKChP. Here are the most uncompromising of them.

Willie Dikhut is an economist, author of the sensational 6-volume book "Restoration of Capitalism in the USSR", founder of the legal Communist Party of Germany, Stalinist in its charter and spirit, wrote:

The pharisaism with the State Emergency Committee was the result of the transformation of the Soviet state, the party, and the restoration of capitalism, begun by the Khrushchevites. The same applies to almost all other countries of the socialist camp. The vulgarization of the Stalinist period and of Stalin personally marked the prologue of a long-term line on the destruction of the USSR and the CPSU. And this line was completed by a combination with the belated creation of the State Emergency Committee, in order to more publicly dishonor the CPSU and the USSR. That we succeeded in full.

Kazimierz Miyal, one of the leaders of socialist Poland in 1947-1955, founder of the semi-legal Communist Party of Poland, which was restored only in 2002 (Communists of Eastern Europe. They did not become “strange” allies), wrote:

The creation of the State Emergency Committee was a clever move to accelerate the collapse of the USSR and the CPSU. Although few members of the Emergency Committee were initiated into this combination, organized by the pro-American leadership of the KGB. This is confirmed by the fact that the State Emergency Committee banned communist organizations and industrial enterprises from holding demonstrations in support of the State Emergency Committee. Although anti-Soviet demonstrations were then almost throughout the country.
The erosion of the Soviet leadership with the introduction of Western agents there, which began already in the time of Khrushchev, soon led to its link with the party leaders-changeling. All of them were waiting in the wings, and with the elimination of K. Chernenko this hour came. And the growing crisis in the country demoralized ordinary communists and the majority of the population. Moreover, both of them were demoralized by the anti-Stalinist hysteria of the Soviet leadership since 1956 and the failed Khrushchev program of the CPSU to create communism by 1980. Therefore, they did not defend the USSR.

Jose Marie Sison, Doctor of Law and historical Sciences, the leader of the semi-legal "Communist Party of the Philippines", wrote:

Revisionist betrayal and capitalist restoration in the USSR and almost all other former socialist countries began soon after Stalin's removal. He was not allowed to prepare a group of true successors of his work in time. The epilogue was the events of the second half of the 80s with the coming to power of outspoken traitors to socialism. In order to quickly eliminate the USSR from the CPSU, they established the so-called GKChP, which was doomed to defeat in advance. No later than 1987, the collapse of the USSR and the Communist Party of the Soviet Union could have been prevented, but Gorbachev's opponents did not dare to take appropriate action, fearing that they would lose their various nomenclature handouts.

Emakulath Nambudiripad (1909-1998), Indian Communist, Prime Minister of Kerala State, Doctor of Law and History, stated:

The State Emergency Committee was belated because it was skillfully created to hasten the collapse of the USSR. At least, it would be more logical to create such a body - specifically in defense of the USSR - soon after the referendum in March 1991 on the preservation of the USSR. The Khrushchev and Brezhnev periods became fertile for the development of the crisis in the USSR and the CPSU. And to embrace the Soviet leadership at almost all levels as traitors to socialism. They quickly completed what Khrushchev and the Khrushchevites had begun.

For a long time, the aforementioned assessments were hidden both in the scientific and expert community and in the large Russian media for quite understandable reasons. But it is characteristic that there is no refutation of these estimates anywhere and, it seems, is not expected ...

For the sake of completeness, it remains to add the characterization of the State Emergency Committee, which was made by the irreconcilable opponents of the Stalinists - the Trotskyists. In the statement of the so-called International Communist League - IV Trotskyist International, on those days it was noted:

Yeltsin denounced the State Emergency Committee as an attempt to restore the "communist" system. But the GKChP did nothing to arrest Yeltsin or even interfere with his efforts to mobilize forces against them. In addition, Yeltsin was all the time in open communication with the American President George W. Bush (senior), who together with Yeltsin became the organizer of the counter-coup.
In an attempt to achieve recognition of Western, primarily American imperialism, the State Emergency Committee proclaimed a declaration that did not mention a single word about "socialism." On the contrary, they promised to continue Gorbachev's course, that is, they promised to promote private property and adhere to all of Gorbachev's foreign policy obligations. Inside the country, the State Emergency Committee declared martial law and ordered workers to stay at home. When Bush nevertheless made it clear that Yeltsin was his man in Russia, the GKChP quickly disintegrated. Yeltsin and his henchmen quickly filled the power vacuum.

Source: "Why did we fight in defense of the Soviet Union".

It is a rare case when the assessments of a historical event from the side of two warring Marxist trends turned out to be so close. Apparently, it is not just that it is recognized that the extremes converge.

Comments

[Far B]

What the GKChP really was - God knows, now you hardly even know. If this is an impromptu Yanaev and Co, then it is very pitiful, if a setup by EBN and Co, then the documents, most likely, have long been cleaned up by interested parties. I had to read many versions.

Saddam Hussein expressed the hope that "thanks to the Emergency Committee, we will restore the balance of power in the world and stop the rampant expansion of the United States and Israel."

However, "Przhevalsky's grandson, Stalin's son" was thinking in the right direction. But the State Emergency Committee turned out to be impotent, and could not be different - by that time the corrosive rust had spread too deeply. The marked one had to be removed two or three years earlier.

[Alexander Suvorov]

But the State Emergency Committee turned out to be impotent, and could not be different - by that time the corrosive rust had spread too deeply.

You are absolutely right about rust.

The marked one had to be removed two or three years earlier.

It was necessary to remove not the marked, but the khrushche, then we would not know anything about the marked. It was Khrushch that became the beginning of the end of the Great USSR. It was with his arrival and the cancellation of the purges in the party that all the dirt and rubbish, including all kinds of shortcomings, got in there. Yes, and the Khrushchev himself was not enough and a shape-shifter, he turned around as he could, sorry Stalin did not look, although he tried to destroy him twice, but did not insist to the end. But Zhukov got on the case for his political myopia, it was he who saved the crumb. As a result, all his military achievements fade after the 1953 palace coup and the fact that he actually brought to power in the country of traitors and Judas Khrushchev's flood. All these tattered sixties and other liberal abomination, this all comes from Khrushchev.

[Reptiloid]

The article is interesting for the given assessment of the attitude of other countries and parties to the events of the USSR, to the destruction of the USSR. So far, little is said about this. An interesting picture of Hussein and Gaddafi. These were the real supporters of the USSR who were destroyed with malice in front of the whole world.

[Krasnodar]

They were never supporters of the USSR - especially the pro-American one, before the invasion of Kuwait, by Saddam Hussein. He was always enraged by the support of Syria by the Soviet Union, since The Assad Baathists were in contradiction with the Iraqi Baathists, up to the support of Iran, as well as the Shiite and Kurdish anti-Saddam formations in Iraq.

[Reptiloid]

Do I have any school memories ----- on TV ---- Zhirinovsky at the same table with Saddam?
....... a friend of my relatives, an elderly woman, a communist, cries and says --- how can that be? The Iraqis are ours, aren't they? After all, their own? I wonder what it was? Last century.....

[Krasnodar]

Sitting at the same table with Zhirinovsky does not mean being pro-Soviet))
There was a sale of Soviet weapons to Iraq. There were Soviet instructors during the Iran-Iraq war. There was American assistance to Iraq during the Iran-Iraq war due to the exacerbation of American-Iranian relations following the Persian Islamic Revolution. Saddam has never been a friend of the USSR.

[Radius]

Quote: Krasnodar

Sitting at the same table with Zhirinovsky does not mean being pro-Soviet))
There was a sale of Soviet weapons to Iraq. There were Soviet instructors during the Iran-Iraq war. There was American assistance to Iraq during the Iran-Iraq war due to the exacerbation of American-Iranian relations following the Persian Islamic Revolution. Saddam has never been a friend of the USSR.

In addition to the military component, there were also joint ventures for the development of oil fields in southern Iraq. There was a whole city of Soviet specialists in Basra. Engineering personnel of Iraqi oilmen were trained in the USSR. It was the same.

[Alexey RA]

Quote: Reptiloid

An interesting picture of Hussein and Gaddafi. These were the real supporters of the USSR who were destroyed with malice in front of the whole world.

Especially good supporter of the USSR there was Hussein who tried completely clean up the Iraqi Communist Party - after which this Communist Party began an armed struggle against the regime.

[Reptiloid]

I didn't know it at all. But there is an excuse - then I was generally a schoolboy. I wonder how much they knew about it at all here. How interested were you in this? What is happening in the communist parties and countries at the time of the destruction of the USSR?

[parusnik]

Dmitry, welcome! Under Khrushchev, in the Middle East, local communist parties were diligently cleansing out. Hero of the Soviet Union Gamal Abdel Nasser, also cleared out the Egyptian Communist Party.

[Reptiloid]

Thanks, Alex!

Quote: parusnik

.....! Under Khrushchev, in the Middle East, local communist parties were diligently cleansing out. Hero of the Soviet Union Gamal Abdel Nasser, also cleared out the Egyptian Communist Party.

I did not know this either, but I read that Nasser then left Khrushchev. The Assuan Dam was built.
Interestingly, there was an article by the authors about the deeds of Khrushchev. But there was no such thing. In general, his deeds are much more than it is written there. I hope the authors will continue. Generally the topic is rare and difficult.

[parusnik]

Here is also an interesting moment, after such "work" with the Communist Parties, the number of "Maoist", "Trotskyist" movements, Eurocommunists, and the reason is simple, the leaders of the CPSU themselves did not understand what views They adhere, Marxism-Leninism as a philosophical doctrine ossified and did not develop. They did not look into the future. There were practically no theoretical works. One might say Stalin, the last theoretician. Khrushchev, Brezhnev ... The first, except for his memories and his speeches, left nothing. The second has the same, only speeches and priceless literary heritage: Malaya Zemlya, Celina, Vozrozhdenie ... in the processing of VM Peskov, remember? Host of the program In the world of animals.

[Reptiloid]

Yes, about the movements, there were some articles by Ilya Polonsky. Apart from the authors. You said, did not look into the future ... probably, you did, but only into your personal, your own. .... My network is buggy and it's time to leave .... I wanted to warn you about films, I don't have time. I only watched the CITY of ZERRO and KIN-DZA-DZA from these films.

[Astra wild]

"Literary heritage: Small land, Virgin lands, Renaissance" You reminded me of an anecdote from my school days
After the release of "Malaya Zemlya" Kosygin calls Brezhnev
-Leonid Ilyich, the book is wonderful!
-What book?
-Small Earth "
Every 10 people admire a book
Brezhnev thinks: can he read it himself? All praise

[Astra wild]

The dam has been built and therefore the Soviet Union is no longer needed. Well done, you won't say anything

[parusnik]

In Syria, the ruling PASV (Party of Arab Socialist Renaissance), Baath, also cleaned up the Syrian Communist Party well, Bashar al-Assad's dad did his best. They kissed. By the way, she ruled in Iraq.

[apro]

I liked the article. The State Committee for Emergency Situations is a provocation in order to accelerate the destruction of the USSR.
The USSR came to the point of no return ... and its opponents pushed it hard into the abyss. Was it inevitable? Most likely yes. The rebirth could no longer be stopped, but there were no healthy forces to resist.

[Uncle lee]

Quote: apro

but there were no healthy forces to resist.

And "Swan Lake" on TV !!!

[Astra wild]

Colleague Apro, on the whole I agree with you, but the question is purely harmful: did you think so then? I believed in them and hoped for success.

[apro]

Quote: Astra wild

Did you think so then?

I was young and stupid ... I was interested in completely different things.

Quote: Astra wild

I believed in them and hoped for success.

The theoretical impasse of the post-Stalinist Communist Party, the stopping of the evolutionary development of socialism, could not give any other result, moreover, the introduction of elements of capitalism into the Soviet system.

[Antonio_Mariarti]

It was necessary to introduce a market economy, it would have saved the USSR.

[Astra wild]

"was interested in completely different things", or rather us girls?

[parusnik]

I believed in them and hoped for success.

... And we believed and did not believe, were in an incomprehensible reserve, patrolled the streets, and did not occupy the "gadyushniki" .. Smolny, TV .. Moreover, we were heavily guarded .. and it was not clear whether they were guarded, or they were preparing for something else .. The bosses said at last "ours" came, but in general confusion and vacillation.

[silverwolf88]

A good article and information complementing a comprehensive picture of how the USSR came to collapse ...
the general point of view is especially noteworthy ... that the USSR was doomed after the seizure of power by Khrushchev and his henchmen ... then agony without a strong leader capable of reviving the ideals of socialism / communism ...

[Reptiloid]

... the general point of view ... that the USSR was doomed ...

in fact, there were people in the USSR who understood what was happening. Tried anxiously about this. Films, literature. Not all people of art were the sixties, it turns out ... Could anything stop the process of rebirth and betrayal of the nomenclature ...

[Reptiloid]

In 2015 in "Roman-Gazeta" ---- 16, the novel by the Soviet writer Vsevolod Kochetov "What do you want" was published. First appeared in 1969. Literally foresight of the fate of the USSR. The writer was branded, scolded, accused of slandering the USSR and Stalinism at the same time. Both the leadership and the "creative" (sixties).
I read that this novel was read and discussed by everyone. However, who did not ask, no one has survived in the memory ... perhaps it was withdrawn from sale? It is an old matter, we are already talking about people about 80 years old, it turns out.

[Astra wild]

Authors, how to understand: "the real Colonel Gaddafi", but was not yet real?

[Krasnodar]

Quote: Astra wild

Authors, how to understand: "the real Colonel Gaddafi", but was not yet real?

Gaddafi, according to Primakov, was the leader of a Bedouin tribe who tried to rule the country, remaking it in the image of his family clan - which ultimately destroyed him. He was not a real military man - otherwise Libya would have looked different

[Alexey RA]

Quote: Astra wild

Authors, how to understand: "the real Colonel Gaddafi", but was not yet real?

But what about - there was also the opportunist and double-dealing Gaddafi, who turned his back on the Russian Federation immediately after the lifting of the sanctions, trying to sit on two chairs at once, promising both us and the West golden mountains - and then immediately forgot about everything.
ICH, it was the same real colonel.

[parusnik]

Of course, if we understand this, we must admit the actions of the Emergency Committee, rather mediocre and unprepared. If only because about a month before the events of E. Shevardnadze from the rostrum of the Congress of People's Deputies broadcast about the impending military coup. GKChP - what was it? It is hard to say.

[Reptiloid]

Shevardnadze, Gorbachev, after all, they were promoted for more than one year, awarded, there were two conscious high-ranking destroyers of the USSR. What high positions they did not occupy. Likewise, Yakovlev.

[Olgovich]

attempted coup in Russia undertaken party and administrative elite countries at the finish of the summer of 1991.

What is the top - so is the coup: everything above has rotted, degenerated and dull ...

[qQQQ]

Quote: Olgovich

What a top - such a coup: everything above has rotted, degenerated and dull ...

With language removed.

[Aviator_]

Reasonable article, respect to the author. I remember that after the collapse of this attempt to preserve the USSR, the hard workers in the overcrowded buses from Lyubertsy said bitterly: "Well, why didn't they turn to us? We would have pushed this liberalism quickly."

[immobile2008]

Quote: Aviator_

Reasonable article, respect to the author. I remember that after the collapse of this attempt to preserve the USSR, the hard workers in the overcrowded buses from Lyubertsy said bitterly: "Well, why didn't they turn to us? We would have pushed this liberalism quickly."

Why are you writing nonsense? I remember how we hated these GKChPists. One of them cleared all our money. We were ready to come with the men and tear them with our hands!

[nikvic46]

We saw the members of the Emergency Committee on TV. And their appearance was clearly depressing. Complete bewilderment. I think what they were talking about, no one had heard. Although a mature idea sounded about taking an inventory of all the property of the USSR. But people were no longer up to this. On the shelves there was a shortage of the most necessary things, starting with food and ending with smoke. We can glorify Stalin and scold him starting with Khrushchev. And blame the birthmarks of capitalism. USSR forward! Go Russia! But if we do not analyze the work already done, then we will get the same thing. Implemented an advanced project. Consider its positive and negative consequences. Then there will not be so many hydroelectric power plants on one river, which will give some electricity, and others will bring trouble in the form of waterlogging and lack of this very water.

[Reptiloid]

... we do not know the country we live in ...

words of Andropov. They never knew, did not study ...... That the post-revolutionary time, if an analysis was done, did not reach today. Also today is the post-Soviet history of the country. And the time of destruction --- only recently and attempts are being made to understand what happened.

[Selevc]

Quote: nikvic46

The shelves lacked the essentials, from food to smoking.

And you ask what was in the warehouses in those years ??? !!! And the warehouses were full of products !!! There was everything from a needle to a car !!! Then it all went to the spontaneous markets of the early 90s - oh, what was not there !!! The deficit in the second half of the 80s was created artificially - and created by people sitting at the very top !!!
Direct parallels can be drawn with the interruptions in the supply of bread to Petrograd in 1917 !!!

[A. Privalov]

I will tell you now what one wise ancient people thinks for all this.
He says: "You should not measure where it is already cut off." (C)

[dzvero]

Right. But still, it is worth knowing who and how he measured before cutting. In order to avoid...

[ee2100]

The article is timely. Slipping bitterness from the failure of the toothless attempt of the Emergency Committee. The main narrative is that professionals, and not decrepit politicians, should be engaged in the coup. And when the power is in our hands, then we will see who will support from the world community and who will not. In 1917, everything was so. For this it is necessary to study history.
So as not to write here in the comments, the people m. and was not for the Emergency Committee, but he was definitely against Gorbachev. There is no point in talking about Yeltsin at all, he was not yet a figure of the Union scale.
There was no leader - so the coup failed, but the situation, as in the classics, was.

[AML]

TA-dah. We know everything about 17, and some are even sure that the Bolsheviks overthrew the tsar. And some even know that the tsar helped the Bolsheviks with uniforms. And Lenin, or German shpien, or English, but from somewhere from there.

[BAI]

The fact that the State Emergency Committee would destroy the USSR was clear on August 19.08.1991, XNUMX. And not for me alone. Someone V.V. Putin (acting KGB officer!):

As soon as the putsch began, I immediately decided who I was with. I knew for sure that by order of the putschists I would not go anywhere and would never be on their side. Yes, I perfectly understood that such behavior would be regarded as at least an official crime. Therefore, on August 20, for the second time, I wrote a letter of resignation from the authorities

It is appropriate here to recall the appeal Tihanovska (exactly like that - in Polish, to which she happily responds) to the officers of the Republic of Belarus not to obey Lukashenka.

[Selevc]

The State Emergency Committee and the entire putsch is the final theatrical performance of the play called Perestroika !!! Perestroika was conceived in order to destroy the USSR !!! I will never believe that the president of the USSR could somehow mysteriously be kept in the country and then he somehow miraculously freed himself from there !!! If we add TWO !!! referendum on the fate of the USSR, I think that the stages of the country's collapse are outlined !!!

I think that Gorbachov, already in 86 87, agreed with the West on the timing and methods of the collapse of the USSR, and then he did it all in stages. For example, he canceled the pioneer and the Komsomol back in 1989 under the pretext of transition, but some new youth formations that did not appear later !!! And all these stupid renaming of the Secretary General into the President, the House of Government into the White House - it all looked absolutely wild in those years, but it makes sense if we assume that it was a process of destruction of the Soviet institutions of government !!!
The USSR was destroyed against the will of the peoples inhabiting it !!! And the current Russian government pretends that it does not notice this and how everything happened by itself and happened !!!

[depressant]

In fact, Gorbachev became a foreign agent, having visited France with Raisa back in 1966. And nowhere is it mentioned that this gentleman, not yet being the General Secretary, either in 83 or 84, visited the UK. Apparently, to confirm intentions. The fact was covered by our television. Gorbachev acted as if he was already the general secretary. And in Abkhazia in the winter, an unpunished massacre of Russians began. Everything was clear even then. From one type of TV frames. Wang was not needed.

[ANB]

... Komsomol back in 1989

Clarification. The Komsomol still existed in 1991. But it has lost its significance. For example, earlier exclusion from the Komsomol automatically meant expulsion from the military school. In 1989, one cadet was expelled from us, but not expelled.
Well, in 1991, on release from the first salary, contributions were shaken. And at the place of service in August is no longer.

[Glory1974]

The GKChP topic will not be covered for a long time, there are many incomprehensible things.
The struggle for power in the USSR was very tough, we know little about it. In Uzbekistan, under Andropov, anti-corruption and "cotton" cases began, they began to put them in prisons. After his death, everything stopped, the bandits were released, but policemen and investigators began to jail. Everything changed by 180 degrees. What can we say about the events that took place in Moscow.
It must be admitted that a civil war broke out in the USSR in the 80s, which claimed hundreds of thousands of lives. But there are also people guilty in unleashing it. Until they leave, we will not know the truth either.

[depressant]

Yes, I remember that the investigators Gdlyan and Ivanov, who were engaged in the cotton business, were then persecuted and denigrated.

[Reptiloid]

...... we know little about it ...

Now the time has come when one thing or another about the 90s began to appear. Information is not all of course. And whether they will be supplemented. It is unknown

[Mark kalendarov]

GKChP ... Failed attempt to save the USSR from collapse by administrative means. And it was not a coup ... It was just that a circle of desperate people tried to save, convince, show, etc., that the country must be saved. But the funds and arguments were not enough. And nobody was going to use force !!! After all, on the other side were the same Soviet people, yesterday's communists and associates. Unlike Chile, the army was really with the people and there was no confrontation between hostile ideologies. It just seemed that there was a dispute about the path and direction ... And there is no need to throw off the fear of civil war, which genetically settled in the Soviet people ... The State Emergency Committee was doomed. He could not and did not want to start the carnage (and, probably, it is still a pity), and the methods of fear and persuasion no longer worked. And let Western leaders talk whatever they want ... But the destruction of the Soviet Union was prepared, supported and legalized. Renegades, traitors, martyrs, and deceived have played their part. And our Motherland disappeared from the world map ...

[Antonio_Mariarti]

Yeah, great saved. After all, before the State Emergency Committee, no one at the office level discussed the withdrawal of the republics from the USSR, and after that everyone immediately agreed. Coincidence? I don’t think so.

[Antonio_Mariarti]

GKChP finished off the USSR, had it not been for his USSR could remain within the borders of the USSR.

[1536]

The GKChP was deliberately organized by those who destroyed the USSR, in order, on the one hand, to identify and neutralize those who have long figured out what the top of the CPSU is doing, to cut them off from the people, and on the other hand, to prevent the creation of a real committee to save the country from collapse on the other and the collapse and popular movement to defend the Fatherland. With a doublet (the 1st barrel fired a gang of half-drunk ghouls to the magic music of PI Tchaikovsky, the 2nd brought a friend to power, led by a "retired" member of the CPSU Central Committee), i.e. all the "hares" that could have stopped the catastrophe and punished the conspirators were killed.
By and large, the Great Russian Revolution ended on the territory of Russia in 1991, when, at the cost of innumerable human sacrifices, property passed into the hands and under the full control of a handful of all the same clans that organized the collapse and disintegration of the Russian Empire in 1917. In the late 1920s, I.V. Stalin, having created for all his shortcomings, a system opposed to the world capitalist economy, which nevertheless ensured a victory in the war with Germany in 1941-1945. But after his death, the petty bourgeois who surrounded him all the time of his reign, who had connections with transnational monopolies and international bankers, finally took revenge.
So everything is correct, and the GKChP is a common provocation, military trick, a "Trojan horse" that was created to solve the problem of eliminating a competitor in the face of the USSR and its economy.
And what should eventually turn out on the territory of the former Russian Empire, and then the USSR, we can clearly see on the example of Ukraine.

[Operator]

In early September, the President of the USSR Gorbachev planned to sign a new Union Treaty, to which all the autonomous republics of the RSFSR and other union republics were to become parties - of course, with the right to secede from all subjects from the USSR.

In order to prevent the collapse of the RSFSR, President Yeltsin, in agreement with the leadership of the Soviet power structures, did not interfere with the creation of the State Emergency Committee and the removal of Gorbachev from power in order to compromise the supporters of the communist government and obtain an excuse for the RSFSR to leave the USSR.

[iouris]

The GKChP is an appearance of a coup, a pretext that was followed by a coup, the dissolution of the USSR, and then a counter-revolution ("privatization").
Thus, the "Maidan technology" led to the dissolution of Ukraine and the re-establishment of the state. Crimea took advantage of this.

[evgen1221]

In my personal opinion, the GKChP was a kind of transitional border of power before the election of a new leader to replace Gorbachev, who had been deposed and blocked in Faros (and who did it? -KGB with the support of the army, no?) statements taking advantage of the discontent of the population (and it was preparing to justify the confusion of Gorbachev).

[iouris]

Quote: evgen1221

Then Yeltsin just seized the moment

It was not Yeltsin who seized the moment, but they seized it. Or do you still believe in "mass energy?"

[evgen1221]

In the case of EBN, people really followed him and what he voiced from the stands and the tank, but who he followed or who led him is the question.

[Astra wild]

"an alternative-Stalinist Communist Party was not created" the authors, if Stalin was alive, do you know, what would he fix you for belittling the role of Vladimir Lenin?
Stalin had imbalances, but he ALWAYS REMEMBERED THAT LENIN IS THE CREATOR OF THE PARTY. For that matter, the definition would be fair: the party of Lenin-Stalin

[Astra wild]

Minus signer, against the name: the party of Lenin-Stalin?

[Astra wild]

Quote: parusnik

I believed in them and hoped for success.

... And we believed and did not believe, were in an incomprehensible reserve, patrolled the streets, and did not occupy the "gadyushniki" .. Smolny, TV .. Moreover, we were heavily guarded .. and it was not clear whether they were guarded, or they were preparing for something else .. The bosses said at last "ours" came, but in general confusion and vacillation.

We have at 7,50: "combat alert. Get ammunition. Readiness 1. Now we will get the route." I asked for the chief of staff's car. I wanted to be involved in history.
The order did not come and the regiment commander announced readiness at 10

[immobile2008]

Quote: Selevc

The USSR was destroyed against the will of the peoples inhabiting it !!! And the current Russian government pretends that it does not notice this and how everything happened by itself and happened !!!

Who was behind? List? Weak? There was no one, even the Belarusians and those conditions put money to us, you figs!

[Rokambol]

Quote: imobile2008

Who was behind? List?

Most.

Quote: imobile2008

There was no one, even the Belarusians and those conditions put money to us, you figs!

This is what you wishful thinking.

[iouris]

Nothing depends on the "will of the peoples". You will see soon: history goes in a circle, the rake is set.

[Unknown]

....... this is how people in the USSR voted despite ethnic conflicts in the Caucasus, Moldova and the Baltic states. but the opinion of the peoples, they just spat and did it their own way. in such a troubled time, there was no leader who, relying on the results of the referendum, with a firm hand extinguished all interethnic protests, dispersed all the liberals and saved the USSR.

[Astra wild]

[quote = Reptiloid] Do I have any school memories ----- on tv ---- Zhirinovsky at the same table with Saddam?
....... a friend of my relatives, an elderly woman, a communist, cries and says --- how can that be? The Iraqis are ours, aren't they? After all, their own? I wonder what it was? The last century ..... [/ qu
That they were sitting at the same table does not say anything yet. Stalin and Khrushchev drank together, and then Khrushchev "paid for bread and salt" to Stalin

[immobile2008]

Quote: Unknown

....... this is how people in the USSR voted despite ethnic conflicts in the Caucasus, Moldova and the Baltic states. but the opinion of the peoples, they just spat and did it their own way. in such a troubled time, there was no leader who, relying on the results of the referendum, with a firm hand extinguished all interethnic protests, dispersed all the liberals and saved the USSR.

Sovereign. Can you read? Already without this, the rule in the republics was, Suitcase - Station - Russia, where Russians were not even allowed to sell their property. In the republics, the population was 99 percent against Russia. I remember Ukraine, where everyone believed that they were feeding Russia, and wanted to separate from, in their opinion, parasites, the Baltic countries hated us fiercely, the rebellious Caucasus and our Asian republics, where they simply began to slaughter the Russians. I have a huge number of friends who ran away from where they were, they were not even allowed to collect their things. After that, I don't want to live with them. And you look like a husband who is being smacked, from whom his wife left, and he is without any dignity, whines and walks on her heels, well, come back, well, come back. I hate people without dignity.

[Unknown]

sovereign, sovereignty, etc., these concepts are used now, what then, in the case and without it, and each interprets it in his own way. over there Ukraine considers itself sovereign, and the Americans rule there, the same is the case in all the republics of the former union without exception. And yet, my mother is from the Sumy region, and there are a dime a dozen relatives in her, and they still do not feel joy from the collapse of the union. about the Balts, I worked and lived there, but you know better how they hate us. but they fiercely hate the Russians, those who came to power in 91, you can see from their deeds. Caucasus and Asia, when they felt the weakness of power, they began to behave arrogantly. they always respect only strength. Well, along the way, they moved to RF after us. how many of them are already in our cities, especially in Moscow, how is it that they have moskvabad, or what ?. I don’t need to poke, and we will not talk about dignity either. ,, I don’t want to live ,, I offended the poor, they carry water to the offended and not only .......

[Essex62]

They were not taken aback, or a planned show, or pissed. The second is closer to the truth. If you deduce, the tanks be ready to wind the coup on the harp. Contra at 93 was not scared, the result is the people of Russia in the ass. Chubaisers rule.

[iouris]

On the side of the "counter" was "Alpha". Any questions? The troops were withdrawn without ammunition, without food and without a goal: they were simply taken out into the streets, i.e. organized the decomposition of the troops. Thus, the Ministry of Defense showed that it supported the counter-revolution. Not free, of course.
Then, in October 1991, it also fired from tanks. Also not free.

[Essex62]

And at 91 and 93, Alpha refused to take part in the coup. Vityaz shot unarmed people near Ostankino, and not a large unit. In 93 generals, you are right already almost all of the counter consisted, the opposite was cleaned, as well as from the parts of the organs.
What does no purpose mean? She had to show the goal, give the order. Therefore, both options are considered, which I have cited above.

[Overheating]

As I can judge - everything was planned. The ugly grin of the KGB chairman stands in his eyes. Their handiwork! About the shortage of goods: in the "Week" article - the shampoo disappears from the sale! I went to the "Haberdashery". They reassured me: “As we found out, we clogged the warehouse, that's enough for a year." ended, went back to the store. There - everything is somehow strange, the saleswomen sit in the departments, like mice in holes! Usually, a handful of people in the hall. A hefty man walks around the store with the air of an overseer at the gallery. I ask, well, who promised me a sea of ​​shampoo? The man jumped up, and as he barked at the saleswoman: "Did you promise?" She almost hid under the counter. A man, on me - "Get out of here, otherwise I'll call you an outfit!" I got mad, sent him, etc. The man ran into the director's office, and I went out onto the porch. I lit a cigarette, I'm standing. The saleswoman runs out: KGB officer! Go away! " Shampoo, I say, where? “They took out, at night." Who? "They". If this bastard came out on the porch, I would have stabbed him! Come home, everything shakes. I told my father. He had acquaintances in his “office.” I said, I’ll find out what and how. In the evening I came - my father was sitting there, somehow lost. What happened? " "They sent! They said: Don't mess with your own business!" And then, and the washing powder disappeared ...

[AlexVK]

There is no doubt in our time that the State Emergency Committee is a product of Yeltsin and the CIA, in any crime, look who benefits from it and who, in the end, got the most from it. The answer is obvious.

[andrew42]

The Yakovlev-Gorbachev group organized this clownery with the GKChP to completely and irrevocably discredit the Soviet political system, and the GKChPstov used what is called "blind". I definitely remember the feeling that the GKChP officials were expecting something from Gorbachev, they were exactly waiting. Gorbachev's contactees promised them something - and then Gorby set them up, and defiantly flushed them down the toilet, along with the entire Soviet state. Even EBN at that moment had not yet become a political subject, but was only a factor, one of many - the "left hand" of the Collapse Project.

[Iskazi]

Unfortunately, the GKChP really looks like a performance, maybe there were some forces behind it, but they did not show themselves, moreover, they played into the hands of the "reformers". It is difficult to add something ..., a muddy event, muddy people, the ends can no longer be found.