Pistols of the war of 1812

126

Shurochka Azarova with a pistol in the uniform of the Sumy Hussar Regiment. The film "Hussar Ballad" 1962

That guns really flashed,
Rattles a ramrod hammer.
In the faceted trunk bullets leave,
And clicked the trigger for the first time.
Here is a powder streak greyish
Pours onto the shelf. Serrated,
Securely screwed flint
Cocked still.
A.S. Pushkin. Eugene Onegin (chapter VI)

I am shot in the chest.
I have a package with the most important report.
Cornet, I ask you to finish the errand,
Given to me by the field marshal, and on the way
go immediately.
Hussar Ballad ", 1962




Weapon 1812 year. As everyone who has watched the movie "The Hussar Ballad" knows, Shurochka Azarova undertook to take the captain's package and ended up in the camp of the French cavalrymen, who rushed after her. But she used the two pistols she had and killed the two pursuers! In the movies it looks very impressive, but how did the pistols of the war of 1812 actually work? This is what our story will go about today.

So, cavalry pistols. At that time, the Russian cavalry was armed with a pistol of the 1809 model, which for some reason did not have a ramrod (it had to be carried separately!) And weighed quite a lot - 1500 g. The barrel had a length of 263 mm, that is, pretty decent. But the caliber and bullet he had from an infantry gun, so you can imagine its recoil when fired. That is, getting from it into someone at a distance could only be by chance. However, it was pistols that remained the only cavalry firearms at the time. The fact is that due to the shortage of rifles in the infantry (besides, they were also needed in the militia!) On November 10, 1812, rifles and carbines were taken from the cuirassier, dragoon and hussar regiments, although, taking into account the experience of foreign campaigns, the Russian army was later returned them again.


She couldn't shoot from such a pistol. Not by rank ... This is a soldier's model!

Well, AS Pushkin wrote very well how such a pistol was loaded in Eugene Onegin. We needed a cartridge, which in 1812 had the form of a paper cylinder, and a bullet and a charge of gunpowder were placed in it. For storing cartridges, a special cartridge bag served on the side or chest, like a hussar. When loading (and it was started by the command "Load!"), The trigger was put on the fuse, and the shelf (on French weapons it was brass, we have iron) on the side of the table, on which gunpowder should have been poured to ignite the charge in the barrel, must be open ... At the command "bite the cartridge" the infantrymen and horsemen took out another cartridge from the bag and tore off the bottom of the case with their teeth so that the gunpowder would not spill out and not soak it with saliva. Then some of the gunpowder was poured onto a shelf, and it was covered with a lid that served as a flint. If it was a gun, then they put it on the ground with the butt (the riders held it in balance!), And the remaining gunpowder was poured into the barrel. At the same time, it was important to knead the cartridge itself so that not a grain of powder remained in it, and then hammer the barrel with the same crumpled cartridge, inserting it after the bullet as a wad, which was usually simply rolled into the barrel. And it was here that a ramrod was required, with which they hammered both the wad and the bullet, while compacting the charge. In a rifled weapon, the bullet went along the barrel with difficulty, so it was hammered into it.


This is the kind of gun she should have given her ...

Above it is written "slaughtered", but this action had to be carried out carefully with both smooth-bore weapons and rifled ones. Careful - so as not to crush the powder grains, since then the gunpowder could turn into powder and at the same time either did not flare up at all (it happened that the then powder in the form of powder required free space inside the barrel!), That is, the weapon misfired, or on the contrary, it burned much faster than grain, and the recoil became stronger, and the fire of the gun could change. Then the ramrod had to be returned to its place, the trigger put on a combat platoon and ... shoot.

Pistols of the war of 1812

All pistols of that time were similar



And they differed only in the amount of non-ferrous metal


However, these manipulations seem difficult only in the description. An experienced shooter did all this very quickly. So one shot usually took about one minute. But this is on average. The soldiers of Frederick I, for example, fired two shots per minute, which surprised everyone else and brought this master many victories, and the most dexterous, for example, our Cossacks, even three, however, without aiming.


Lucien Rosello. Horse rangers of the imperial guard of Napoleon 1804-1815 Campaign 1806-1807 It was to them that the emperor entrusted the protection of his person and often put on their uniform, encouraging them to be more jealous in the service!

However, it was much harder for a cavalryman to do all this than an infantryman. Therefore, the riders loaded the pistols in advance and went to the battlefield in this form. There they just had to cock the hammer and pull the trigger. And if a gust of wind did not blow off the gunpowder from the shelf, if it did not dampen in a holster, then a shot followed, which could kill or seriously injure both the rider and his horse.


Lucien Rosello. Horseman of the French army

The loading of rifled flintlock rifles was carried out in approximately the same way, with the only difference that the bullet should first be placed on an oiled plaster made of leather or cloth and only then driven into the barrel by striking the ramrod with a special mallet. That is why the barrels of rifled guns were shorter than those of smooth-bore guns, and in the cavalry in the first place. And there, for the same carbines, the barrel length only slightly exceeded the barrels of pistols.


The weapons of the French horse rangers were such blunderbussies, and with a bayonet!

As for the effectiveness of a weapon with a flintlock, it was quite small. At a target of 180x120 cm, when shooting with aiming from 100 steps, an infantryman's gun gave on average 75% of hits, only 200% after 50 steps, and shots at 300 steps - some 25%. In the cavalry, the percentage was even lower, because there were less gunpowder charges. And shooting a pistol from a horse in 30 steps could hit a growth target unless by accident.

The aiming process itself was also difficult. Due to the peculiarities of the ballistics of flint weapons, 200 steps should have been aimed directly at the chest, at a distance of 250 steps - already at the head, 300 steps - at the very top of the enemy's headdress, but if the distance was more than 350, then slightly higher than his head. At the moment of the shot, a massive trigger with a flint hit the shelf cover and ... knocked down the aiming, and seed gunpowder flashed on the cover. All this wasted time, during which the shooter did not have to knock down the sight in any way. And only then the shot itself followed. That is, it was noticeably stretched in time, which also did not add accuracy to it. But the threaded fittings had a lower penetrating effect, since they had a reduced powder charge. But on the other hand, it was more convenient to hold them in your hands and shoot from them. Such are the subtleties of shooting in those years ...

It was very, very difficult to shoot in a strong wind, since he could blow off gunpowder from the shelf, and it was simply impossible to shoot in the rain. It got to the point that in 1812 the Tula Arms Plant began the production of rifles with shorter barrels, but with longer bayonets, with one goal - to get a higher rate of fire and to make it more convenient to use the gun in hand-to-hand combat. And the same must be said about the pistols of that time.


General of the light cavalry. Hiking form. General of the suite of His Imperial Majesty in the quartermaster department. Formal dress. Artist N.V. Zaretsky. 1876-1959. Russian army in 1812. SPb., 1912

Yes, at a distance of 50 m, their bullet, hitting the horse's head, killed him on the spot, but to make such a wonderful shot, knowing the result in advance, was absolutely impossible. So our brave Shurochka Azarova, who looked so wonderful in the film "The Hussar Ballad" in 1962 in the uniform of the cornet of the Sumy Hussar Regiment, would simply not have been able to hit two French cavalrymen with pistols at a gallop. Well, it would be fine, miraculously hit one. But in two ... This is science fiction.


Private of the Yekaterinoslav cuirassier regiment. Hiking form. Private of the Life Guards Cavalry Regiment. Formal dress. Artist N.V. Zaretsky. 1876-1959. Russian army in 1812. SPb., 1912

By the way, loading from a muzzle was also extremely inconvenient because it was very difficult to determine whether your weapon was loaded or not. Each time it was required to open the lid of the shelf with gunpowder, and then a gust of wind, and your pistol was discharged at the most inopportune moment. And the ignition hole could also be contaminated with carbon deposits, and then the pistol (and the gun!) Also misfired. In addition, in the confusion of battle, the shooter could load the gun and pistol a second time. When fired, this led to the rupture of the barrel and, naturally, to injury, or even death of the shooter.


But in this shot from "The Hussar Ballad" it is very clearly visible that both Rzhevsky and Shurochka have "the wrong system" pistols. Rather, they are of a later time, because they are capsule, although the latter in the Russian army were altered from flint!

For example, during the American Civil War between the North and South after the Battle of Gettysburg, 12000 muzzle-loaded rifles were found, in the barrel of which there were two rounds driven one on top of the other. Moreover, in some of the barrels, the bullet was under charge, that's with what haste, without realizing it, their owners loaded them in this battle! Approximately 6000 rifles had 3 to 10 rounds. And in one gun they found ... 23 charges one after another! It was in what a stressful state they were, that they repeatedly loaded their gun, but did not fire shots, that is, did not pull the trigger. And if 23 charges, most likely, were loaded by some soldier-down, then this cannot be said about all the other guns! True, it is believed that such a problem with loading was more characteristic of muzzle-loaded capsule guns, but it is obvious that this could be with any weapon loaded in this way. It could well have been double or triple loading, and many suffered from this. But now we will never know how many such cases were.

To be continued ...
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126 comments
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  1. +16
    15 August 2020 05: 18
    "And you, cornet, are a cavalryman with talent. I would love to take you. Will you come to me to serve as a junior adjutant at the headquarters?"

    Thanks to Vyacheslav for an interesting article. And in the cinema, indeed, they shoot something that sometimes you just wonder why they give money to consultants. In the same "Ballad" a blooper on a blooper and with uniforms (Pavlogradsky) and "St. George's Cross with a Bow", but a lot can be found if desired. And the film is still good. good
    Good morning everyone and have a nice day! smile
    1. The comment was deleted.
    2. +5
      15 August 2020 07: 59
      And I read that, in addition to the described loading method, the following were also used: the cartridge was bitten in the upper part along with the bullet and it all held on to the mouth (it was even recommended to moisten this case with saliva for better chambering), the gunpowder spilled out on the shelf and into the barrel, where the body of the cartridge was also inserted, then a bullet with the remnants of the cartridge from the mouth was inserted and all this was sent and nailed down with a ramrod. And the second, more convenient way, the cartridge was bitten from the bottom, the gunpowder spilled out onto the shelf and into the barrel, and then the entire cartridge, along with the bullet, was pushed into the barrel, sent and nailed down with a ramrod.
      1. +2
        15 August 2020 20: 51
        In fact, the method of loading a bullet through "biting" and "spitting it out" into the barrel stuck in the descriptions mainly due to a misunderstanding ... although, among the Indians (for some reason, they are more often "cited as an example"!) to be "out of habit" ...) There was only one way ... according to the charter! First, they bit off the bottom of the cartridge and poured some of the powder onto the shelf ... then the remaining powder was poured into the barrel ... but then there could be "nuances"! Either a bullet with a crumpled "sleeve" was pushed into the barrel (the bullet is at the bottom, the crumpled "sleeve" at the top ...), or they bit the bullet ... they were pushed into the barrel ... the crumpled "sleeve" was pushed from above ...
        1. -9
          16 August 2020 18: 01
          Are you a connoisseur or something? There were a million ways to recharge, and each was developed empirically. The statutory method was the most ineffective.
          1. +3
            16 August 2020 20: 26
            Quote: TooL
            Are you a connoisseur or something? There were a million ways to recharge, and each was developed empirically. The statutory method was the most ineffective.

            Where did you hatch from, wretched one? Why are you so rude? Generation 90s?
          2. +2
            17 August 2020 19: 29
            Charters were not written by fools, and in 99% of cases it was the charter method that was the most effective.
            1. -2
              18 August 2020 13: 50
              Not. Combat practice at all times rewrote the regulations.
              Otroshchenko:
              “On the 16th in the afternoon we made an offensive; a heavy firefight ensued. The enemy stopped in the vineyards and held the place until the evening. In the evening, I crept into the vineyards with the gamekeepers and drove out the enemy riflemen; a column came to them for reinforcement and through carelessness stood in an open place. ordered to fire buckshot from rifles, and this column in a short time dispersed one by one, all the wounded. We made buckshot from rifle bullets: tying them tightly into rags, we loaded them five times. "
              Popadinchev:
              "I was in the shooters and, having made my way with three comrades to the left, fired at the French. Finally, from the frequent shots, the gun was so hot that it was impossible to hold it in our hands. And we loaded it like this: it used to be, we would throw in a cartridge and, without nailing it, hit with the butt on a stone - and the gunpowder is already on the shelf {157}. Cocking the hammer and boo, and all at the enemy! to straighten the gun, - and the action goes hotter. Then two more came running to me. Having quickly straightened the gun, the three of us jumped out onto the hillock - we look: the French are retreating. "
          3. 0
            19 October 2020 22: 07
            Thanks to Uncle Colt for leveling everyone.
    3. +6
      15 August 2020 20: 22
      That's right ! Call "Sumy" uniform Pavlogradsky! fool
      That's where the "Pavlograd" uniform is!
  2. -6
    15 August 2020 05: 37
    Shpakovsky, as always: minor flaws or cheating. Let everyone understand how he wants?
    and the regiment (on French arms it was brass, у us iron)
    Inconsistency of the image in the figures, inscriptions under them.
    1. She couldn't shoot with such a pistol. Not by rank ... This is a soldier's model! 2. This is what kind of pistol she should have been given ... 3. All pistols of that time were similar
    The images of the shelves in yellow and gray are confused. Yellow is brass recourse
    All pistols of that time were similar
    The French, yes, have elements in common with each other, but do not have a fly. What is it like?
    Does the Russian soldier's pistol have a brass front sight on a steel barrel? And the hole on the trigger for the soldier, and for the officer, the thickening of the tip. I suppose this was done to provide a "remote" shot with a string during factory tests. recourse
    1. +9
      15 August 2020 06: 28
      Quote: Mavrikiy
      Shpakovsky, as always: minor flaws or cheating. Let everyone understand how he wants?
      and the regiment (on French arms it was brass, у us iron)
      Inconsistency of the image in the figures, inscriptions under them.
      1. She couldn't shoot with such a pistol. Not by rank ... This is a soldier's model! 2. This is what kind of pistol she should have been given ... 3. All pistols of that time were similar
      The images of the shelves in yellow and gray are confused. Yellow is brass recourse
      All pistols of that time were similar
      The French, yes, have elements in common with each other, but do not have a fly. What is it like?
      Does the Russian soldier's pistol have a brass front sight on a steel barrel? And the hole on the trigger for the soldier, and for the officer, the thickening of the tip. I suppose this was done to provide a "remote" shot with a string during factory tests. recourse

      Domestic pistols made of brass cast a tide on which a steel shelf was attached. For the French from the last quarter of the 18th century, it was completely brass.
      Yes, the Russian cavalry pistol had a front sight, unlike its French counterpart, but both did not have a rear sight. Aiming was carried out along the barrel.
      By the structural elements of pistols of that era, this is perhaps the only difference.
      The rest is mantras!
      Regards, Kote!
      1. +8
        15 August 2020 14: 12
        Domestic pistols made of brass cast a tide on which a steel shelf was attached.
        Domestic pistols had a brass shelf, and the shelf cover, which also served as a flint, was steel. The remark is correct.
        1. +5
          15 August 2020 14: 15
          The French have a similar design.
    2. +5
      15 August 2020 08: 19
      Quote: Mavrikiy
      The French, yes, have elements in common with each other, but do not have a fly. What is it like?
      Does the Russian soldier's pistol have a brass front sight on a steel barrel?

      Yes, that's right, and in Russian the front sight is soldered! And they shot at the barrel, seeing the whites of the enemy's eyes. There was no sense at a greater distance. Why did you duel 12 steps and 30 steps?
      1. +5
        15 August 2020 10: 13
        Why did you duel these distances? In my opinion, in Hamilton's wonderful book "Weapons and the rules of duels" (available in the internet, both for downloading and for reading online), there are answers to all questions.
      2. +4
        15 August 2020 23: 25
        And they shot at the barrel, seeing the whites of the enemy's eyes.


        Then, with a rate of fire of 2 shots per minute, there is no point in reloading. Run up to the enemy faster, or he up to you ...
        Vyacheslav, thanks for the article. Interesting. Just imagine - a rod at you, and you have only one shot, and then - with pens, pens. Hmm, great-grandfathers fought as an adult.
      3. -5
        16 August 2020 18: 07
        Now they also shoot at close range, farther than 8 meters, pistol shooting is useless. But in sports competitions, pistols of the 16-19 centuries are in no way inferior to modern pistols:
        http://mlaic.org/world-zone-records/world-record-scores/
        http://mlaic.org/2016/05/08/the-first-ever-100-score-in-cominazzo-achieved-by-ernst-stefan/
        It's just that the author is very far from the practical use of weapons, so he writes all sorts of nonsense ..
  3. +10
    15 August 2020 05: 57
    Thank you, Vyacheslav Olegovich. Interesting reading for the weekend.
    1. +6
      15 August 2020 06: 29
      Hao Leader, I join your comment !!!
  4. +12
    15 August 2020 06: 07
    To the author - THANKS
    But how much there was ...
    From the memoirs of a German hussar, in the service of the French Emperor ...
    “Suddenly I noticed that my redhead had a strong sweat on the scruff, immediately she sagged back and collapsed: the twelve-pound core broke my scabbard and penetrated the good animal into the body behind the girth. All this happened in an instant and just when I was trying to get out of -under the animal lying in agony, my regiment made a roundabout to the right at four and galloped back. I was in a desperate situation. I saw how the Russian line was moving, and had time only to pull both my pistols out of the saddle holsters, and with a suitcase and he hurried after my regiment with his greatcoat (the hussar did not abandon his property - IO). In view of some more removal of the enemy, I might have managed to escape, but I noticed a separate group, probably a platoon of flankers, who seemed to be following me and quickly began to pursue me. soon they caught up with me, one armed with a pike, the other with a saber, and they shouted to me: "postoi, Franzus!" - the time has come, I thought, put my saber forward and fired a pistol at the hussar with a lance. He misfired, then I threw it at the horse's head with such force that it turned aside. pistol that had no bullet in. It struck me a very hard blow, which I parried, but the brass guard of my saber was broken and my thumb was seriously injured. At the same time I received a strong thrust from the back with a lance, which fell on the leather of my shako and the forage cap in it, and fell lifeless. "
    1. +10
      15 August 2020 06: 32
      Classic situation, lost the bullet! Thanks for the comment!!! hi
      1. +4
        15 August 2020 08: 04
        Quote: Kote pane Kohanka
        Classic situation, lost the bullet!

        But what about the wad (second)? belay Or did you forget it?
        1. +7
          15 August 2020 08: 40
          We are all human beings !!!
          And so, cases when riders "lost" bullets in flintlock pistols during a jump are not rare. The bullet was quite heavy from 13 to 17 mm. On a special second wad in the case of a paper cartridge, they often saved.
          Regards, Vlad!
          1. +3
            15 August 2020 08: 59
            In The Adventures of Brigadier Gerrard, many different, curious cases are described ...
            1. +10
              15 August 2020 10: 05
              By the way, about the accuracy of shooting. There is an opinion that the firing of flintlock pistols was inaccurate and ineffective. This is far from the case. In various literature devoted to the era of flint armament (especially in the literature on pirates and piracy), it is described that the skills of shooting from flint pistols were constantly practiced by people of that era and this led to the fact that shooting 10-20 steps was very effective - they practically did not miss ... They also fired at longer distances up to 50 steps. Moreover, for example, noble landowners, "gentlemen officers" and hussars fired almost every day, "stuffing their hand and eye", competing for accuracy and practicing shooting, both at fixed and at moving targets, as well as by ear, achieving practically intuitive throw-up shooting (the apotheosis of such shooting was the shooting of the "gunfighter" era of the USA). The front sight was not needed for such shooting, because they shot in many respects, obeying intuition from the skills they had developed. The famous novel by Pushkin "Shot" as an example.
              1. +7
                15 August 2020 10: 34
                But the privates were often given 12 rounds a year! It's not very easy to shoot here ... intuitively!
                1. +8
                  15 August 2020 10: 51
                  And now, the soldiers of "non-combat units" (those who do not have to shoot a lot) shoot at "white light as a pretty penny", despite "modern weapons". It's all about skills. Even a bow in skillful hands is a formidable and accurate weapon, and in the hands of an ignoramus, a useless device, which a clumsy can even injure himself .... Therefore, it is not in the "outdated", "outdated" design of pistols that matters, but in accuracy and quality their manufacture, fitting parts and skills of the shooter .... If these conditions are met, the "flint" pistol is a formidable and fairly accurate weapon (naturally, at real firing distances).
              2. +5
                15 August 2020 13: 54
                Quote: Snail N9
                "filling a hand and an eye" competing for accuracy and practicing shooting, both at fixed and moving targets, as well as by ear, achieving almost intuitive shooting at a jump.

                Nowadays, the preparation methods for practical shooting competitions are the same. One of the most important aspects is the correct grip of the weapon, which must be held in such a way that the barrel is like an extension of the shooter's forearm - in this case, aiming offhand is much more effective. And in general, shooting, at least practical, from a short barrel, requires constant practice. If you do not shoot regularly, skills are lost very quickly ...
                I remember practicing shooting from the elbow. This is when you fix the target only with your gaze, and you aim the weapon without raising it to eye level - from the belt. It worked. I got into a beer can at ten meters. smile
                1. +1
                  15 August 2020 23: 26
                  Quote: Trilobite Master
                  One of the most important aspects is the correct grip of the weapon, which must be held in such a way that the barrel is like an extension of the shooter's forearm - in this case, aiming offhand is much more effective. And in general, shooting, at least practical, from a short barrel, requires constant practice.

                  I remember the firearm instructor said that “if you need to show something, you just stretch out your hand, point your finger and always point exactly to the object, without thinking higher and lower, right and left. Therefore, you need to ensure that the barrel of the pistol was the index finger, not to catch the fly with the target, but simply to extend the hand with the pistol in the direction of the target and hit. " But for some reason it was much easier and faster to hit the target with a finger than with a bullet. How many cartridges were burned, eh ... youth - youth
              3. +1
                15 August 2020 20: 49
                In this case, Shurochka Azarova could theoretically shoot well.
                Vyacheslav Olegovich, you mentioned science fiction, but you missed one more point that also casts doubt on such shots. Psychology. Purely psychologically, it is not easy to kill a person, in the literature there are many examples of this, and Shurochka Azarova is a girl by nature and her psyche is thinner.
                It may be objected that women were cooler than men. Yes it is: women made good snipers, for example, Lyudmila Pavlyuchenko, I read somewhere that in the Middle Ages there were even women executioners, but this is very rare.
                Although in a stressful situation, she could shoot "on the machine." So theoretical Shurochka Azarova could kill 2 enemies
                1. +2
                  15 August 2020 23: 08
                  In this case, Shurochka Azarova could theoretically shoot well.

                  That you are attached to poor Shurochka ... I once begged for 2 boxes (deficit !!!) under the PM. The first shot of 20 steps hit the jerboa. Well, I'm "proud" of myself, just a cowboy from the West. True, the other two clips showed that I could miss the elephant in the ass from three steps
                  And thanks to the author - the article is really interesting. Although the "process" began to represent. But pistols never liked. Shooting skill quickly evaporates.
                  And one more "observation" - it's easy to hit a vertical stick, but a horizontal stick.
              4. 0
                15 August 2020 23: 18
                Quote: Snail N9
                Moreover, for example, noble landowners, "gentlemen officers" and hussars fired almost every day, "stuffing their hand and eye", competing for accuracy and practicing shooting, both at fixed and at moving targets, as well as by ear, achieving practically intuitive throw-in shooting.

                I remember reading that our EVERYTHING Alexander Sergeevich used a cane weighing 10 pounds on walks. 4 kg. to strengthen the hand, to shoot accurately. By the way, he got into Dantes from a prone position, being wounded, and indeed Pushkin had more than a dozen duels.
              5. 0
                17 August 2020 22: 03
                Quote: Snail N9
                achieving an almost intuitive throw-up shooting (the apotheosis of such shooting was the shooting of the era of "gunfighters" of the USA).

                This is provided that the shot lasts some seconds? Well, well ... Intuitively ...
                1. -1
                  18 August 2020 13: 36
                  Who told you that? The shot was instantaneous. In fact, flint locks were not afraid of wind and jumps, they could shoot even in an inverted position, which has been proven empirically. Even frost and rain, contrary to popular belief, were not a serious hindrance to shooting.
                  1. 0
                    18 August 2020 17: 45
                    the author said:
                    "At the moment of the shot, a massive trigger with a flint hit the shelf cover and ... knocked down the aiming, and seed powder flashed on the cover. All this wasted time, during which the shooter did not have to knock down the sight in any way... And only then the shot itself followed. That is, it was noticeably stretched in time, which also did not add accuracy to him. "

                    and my own children's experience - big fires really shot stretching.
                    This is not a puff of PM ...
                    1. -1
                      22 August 2020 23: 01
                      There is no delay, the flintlock is triggered almost instantly:
                      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zkc0z1G5dS8
                      Around that time, game shooting was born.
                      You can not believe the author's opinion at all, he is a balabol, of which there are many thousands on the Internet, and over the past 15 years they have all fucked up with their very important opinion.
                      Was there gunpowder in the arson? Not.
                      1. -1
                        23 August 2020 10: 45
                        Quote: TooL
                        was gunpowder arson? Not.

                        My grandfather is a hunter lol shot balls from bearings ...
                      2. -1
                        23 August 2020 11: 37
                        Everyone shoots instantly, you have a delay .. It's amazing ..
                        https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iBXtD5gq0Tw
          2. +3
            15 August 2020 12: 09
            On a special second wad in the case of a paper cartridge, they often saved.
            How?!?!? The pistols in the stowed position were in the oil with the barrel down. That is, either the cavalryman enters the battle with an unloaded weapon, or the bullets remain on the bottom of the olsters. Absurd!
          3. +7
            15 August 2020 13: 58
            On a special second wad in the case of a paper cartridge, they often saved.
            A wad on top of a bullet was not provided at all when using paper cartridges. His role was played by paper in which the bullet is wrapped.
    2. 0
      16 August 2020 18: 20
      I quickly kicked the horse's mouthpiece {117} into the teeth, jumped out into the yard and just from the gate into the street, like a mounted Pole there is! He rushed to me and shouted: "Sorry!" I have nothing to do, I also say: "Sorry"!
      The Pole grabbed my hair at the back of the head with his right hand; my helmet fell off me, and with my left he took the reins of my horse to his bit, so that I fell on his right side. After driving a little, we turned into a large street together. I looked: behind the village was their front, like a squadron of two. Here I also think: what am I, what will I surrender? My horse was kind! Oh, good! I hold the reins in my hands.
      I always had my own pistol in my belt, and on a belt across my neck, and a couple of official pistols were in olstredi {118}. I have a lot of weapons - it's a shame when they take it! And meanwhile I cocked the trigger with my right hand, and covered it with my left - and bam from under my arm!
      The Pole fell down. Turning to the right, I gave the horse spurs, waved the whip - and the horse soared under me.
      --------
      I galloped after a Pole, and another Pole followed me. My corporal Kumankov followed this up and shouted to me: "Ilya Osipov, beware!" I was looking to the left, and the Pole had already caught up and swung his saber, I dodged, the blow fell into the middle and cut the saddle. I threw my saber onto my lanyard and, drawing a pistol from my belt, slammed into it; the Pole fell off his horse! The horse under him was glorious, but where! There is no time for a horse. They knocked one down, grabbing to bring down the other, and rushing about and looking for someone else to hook. While he coped with this, the front man managed to gallop to the side.
  5. +7
    15 August 2020 06: 09

    The aiming process itself was also difficult. Due to the peculiarities of the ballistics of flint weapons, 200 steps should have been aimed directly at the chest, at a distance of 250 steps - already at the head, 300 steps - at the very top of the enemy's headdress, but if the distance was more than 350, then slightly higher than his head.

    If the Author touched upon the topic of armies on the North American continent, then I would add that they had a command "aim lower"!
    Thank you for the review of the pistols, we look forward to continuing!
    1. +5
      15 August 2020 08: 14
      With pistols everything. Further there will be guns and edged weapons.
  6. +6
    15 August 2020 06: 30
    The caliber of bullets in military pistols reached 17-18 mm ... if such a nucleus hit the head ... I don't even want to think about what kind of wound the victim received.
    1. +12
      15 August 2020 06: 36
      Quote: Lech from Android.
      The caliber of bullets in military pistols reached 17-18 mm ... if such a nucleus hit the head ... I don't even want to think about what kind of wound the victim received

      Well, then, as anyone is lucky ... Usually, after such a few people survived, but a bullet in the head flew to Kutuzov several times ... he survived and also drove Napoleon out of Russia
      1. +10
        15 August 2020 06: 48
        Mikhail Illarionovich was wounded in the head twice. Once - with a Tatar bullet (two lead bullets tied with copper wire). Survived !!!
        1. +3
          15 August 2020 09: 23
          (two lead bullets tied with copper wire)

          Like this? And as a result, only one eye is lost?
          1. +7
            15 August 2020 11: 55
            Hello, Sergey!
            The bullets hit the head, not the eye!
            Mikhail Illarionovich began to go blind later, but his contemporaries associated this with wounds.
            1. +5
              15 August 2020 13: 44
              Vladislav, of course, it can be anything, but a bullet, even one, of a caliber larger than for KPVT, hitting in the head, will leave nothing from the head. Probably the double pistol bullet is from the realm of legend.
              1. +3
                15 August 2020 20: 29
                Sergey, I'm improving! Misled - Kutuzov had both wounds with Turkish bullets.
                hi
                1. +3
                  15 August 2020 21: 34
                  Like, one wound in the Crimea (the village of Kutuzovka) on the modern Yalta highway, the other - Izmail.
                  1. +5
                    16 August 2020 07: 34
                    Good morning!
                    The first time was near Ashuta in the Crimea, after -14 years near Ochakov.
                    The first attending physician, having learned about the second wound of Kutuzov, said "both wounds in the head should have been fatal, apparently fate is saving Kutuzov for something."
          2. +3
            15 August 2020 20: 54
            In fact, "one-eyed Kutuzov" is an invention of the scriptwriters: in all the famous portraits and in the description of his contemporaries, he has two eyes.
            1. +1
              16 August 2020 12: 05
              One has not seen due to nerve damage
            2. 0
              16 August 2020 14: 25
              yeah, it's not true that Kutuzov did not have an eye - he had an EYE))
    2. +1
      15 August 2020 18: 26
      17-18 mm of lead, and even with a smoker, what a mad trauma!
      1. +4
        15 August 2020 20: 27
        Quote: swnvaleria
        17-18 mm of lead, and even with a smoker, what a mad trauma!

        Alya hunting rifle! The Spaniards from muskets and our Cossacks and archers fired shot from archers! In other matters, in 1812, the cavalry was armed with a similar blunderbuss with a bell.
        No wonder doctors during the Boer War called the Mauser a humane weapon!
      2. +1
        16 August 2020 18: 23
        What other trauma? The rifle has 3500 Joules of energy, like a Mosin rifle. And in the then 1000 Joule pistol, as in modern magnum class revolvers.
  7. +2
    15 August 2020 08: 01
    Thank you very much, Vyacheslav! good
  8. +4
    15 August 2020 08: 49
    Vyacheslav Olegovich continues his cultural work)) Thank you, as always interesting!
    I saw this live in the Hermitage, I got stuck in that hall for a long time, because I wanted to examine everything very carefully.
  9. +2
    15 August 2020 11: 53
    -A girl would be more beautiful ...
  10. +3
    15 August 2020 12: 31
    In my youth I really liked the British TV series "The Adventures of the King's Shooter Sharp"
    In one series, his shooters used an accelerated reloading and shooting, if my memory serves me with a ramrod, which was a big surprise for the attacking French.
    1. 0
      15 August 2020 20: 59
      I remember this series
  11. +3
    15 August 2020 12: 47
    although, taking into account the experience of the already foreign campaigns of the Russian army, they were later returned again.
    Not for everyone and not for long.
    Thank you, Vyacheslav Olegovich!
  12. -4
    15 August 2020 12: 55
    Quote: Mavrikiy
    Shpakovsky, as always: minor flaws or cheating. Let everyone understand how he wants?

    Exactly noticed !!
    1. +6
      15 August 2020 13: 29
      Quote: Seeker
      Exactly noticed !!

      And I don't care ... and so on!
  13. +6
    15 August 2020 13: 18
    So, cavalry pistols. At that time, the Russian cavalry was armed with a pistol of the 1809 model, which for some reason did not have a ramrod (it had to be carried separately!) And weighed quite a lot - 1500 g. The barrel had a length of 263 mm, that is, pretty decent. But the caliber and bullet he had from an infantry gun, so you can imagine its recoil when fired.
    The recoil was normal, since the amount of powder in comparison with the gun was reduced from 2 to one and a half spools. In addition, in a short barrel, a significant part of the charge does not have time to burn out.
  14. +3
    15 August 2020 15: 18
    Quote: Sea Cat
    In the same "Ballad" a blooper on a blooper and with uniforms (Pavlogradsky)

    What to do, Pavlogradsky was going with the rhyme ... And Sumy, alas, no laughing
    1. +1
      15 August 2020 19: 17
      Rzhevsky: The uniform you have, of course, is the Sumy regiment?
      Shurochka: No, that is, yes, and I am proud of this and very ...
      Rzhevsky: The color of the blue Lubensky regiment is very pleasant to me,
      although I agree: the gray top and red bottom are quite bright,
      no doubt!
  15. +4
    15 August 2020 15: 59
    If his eyes do not fail, Shurochka has a pistol in his hands with a standard ramrod (he simply does not have it himself, and a hole in a piece of wood and an eyelet on the barrel are present + a belt clip (cavalry?). Although it is not visible - still a flint or already a primer. But all over officer, everything is correct. And what does Rzhevsky have in his hands? The barrel with the stock is fastened like a steel ring, although there was usually a brass strip. The ramrod is also not visible. If not for this ring, it looks very much like a soldier's ring. Only from the 1840s) )))
    1. +3
      15 August 2020 19: 09
      In the TV show "Secrets of Our Cinema" Golubkina said that she simply could not lift a real combat pistol of that time and she was given some smaller and easier one.
  16. +1
    15 August 2020 19: 06
    Illustrations, in my opinion, from the "Weapon Museum" magazine "Technology of Youth"?
    1. +2
      15 August 2020 19: 18
      Of course not. Illustrations from an article in History Illustrated magazine. I don’t remember the year and month.
  17. +3
    15 August 2020 19: 24
    Quote: kalibr
    Shurochka: You have a uniform, of course, from the Sumy regiment?
    But no, that is, yes, and I am proud of this and very ...
    Rzhevsky: The color of the blue Lubensky regiment is very pleasant to me,
    although I agree: the gray top and red bottom are quite bright,
    no doubt!

    Alas, Vyacheslav, but this is your version, but in the film there was still a different rhyme. Although it is not clear why it was impossible to dress Shurochka in the uniform of the Pavlograd regiment. After all, at the bivouac, the partisans had hussars in various uniforms, Shurochka could have been dressed. By the way, none of the characters had the uniform of the Pavlograd regiment:
    ... Doloman green, blue mentik, blue dolman collar and cuffs. The officers' fur is gray merlushky. Belt-sash blue. Chakchirs are green. The tashka is green with red trim. Instrument metal is gold ....
    1. +1
      15 August 2020 22: 02
      It was amazing to me too. Probably the combination of green and blue seemed unusual and not spectacular ...
      1. 0
        15 August 2020 22: 39
        Interested in this question. Gunpowder from a paper cartridge was poured onto a shelf. The remainder is in the barrel. If your hands are shaking or tired, the dosage can be mistaken. It turns out that from shot to shot the powder charge was not the same? And it depended only on the skill of the shooter and the level of his "fatigue".
        1. 0
          16 August 2020 18: 41
          Quote: garri-lin
          It turns out that from shot to shot the powder charge was not the same? And it depended only on the skill of the shooter and the level of his "fatigue".

          Exactly! Watch the 1955 French film GUSARA. There they often load their guns and pistols with shaking hands ... It is clear that this is a movie. But it was so in life!
          1. +1
            16 August 2020 18: 45
            I always believed that the paper cartridge made it possible to make the charge even. And then there are some nuances. Thanks for the science.
          2. 0
            18 August 2020 13: 43
            Hmm, writing historical works based on feature films is your level laughing
            1. -1
              18 August 2020 15: 39
              Quote: TooL
              Hmm, writing historical works based on feature films is your level

              Dmitry, what is your level? Make us happy with a worthy historical research of no more than 10-14 thousand characters (more than 14 are no longer perceived by 80% of readers) and everyone will be delighted. And including me - a worthy change is growing! So far, we have a rating: - 656. This, of course, does not matter. But there is no other way.
  18. 0
    15 August 2020 21: 00
    Yes, at a distance of 50 m, their bullet, hitting the horse's head, killed him on the spot, but to make such a wonderful shot, knowing the result in advance, was absolutely impossible. So our brave Shurochka Azarova, who looked so wonderful in the film "The Hussar Ballad" in 1962 in the uniform of the cornet of the Sumy Hussar Regiment, would simply not have been able to hit two French cavalrymen with pistols at a gallop. Well, it would be fine, miraculously hit one. But in two ... This is science fiction. Yes, sho you say !? belay And what about Silvio in the story "Shot" (Belkin's Tale)? How did he shoot? The count asked me.

    - Yes, that's how, your Excellency: it happened, when he saw, a fly sat on the wall: are you laughing, Countess? Honestly, really. Sometimes he saw a fly and shouted: "Kuzka, pistol!" Kuzka carries him a loaded pistol. It will bang and push the fly into the wall!

    - It is amazing! - said the count, - and what was his name?

    - Silvio, Your Excellency.
    bully
  19. +1
    15 August 2020 21: 01
    Quote: kalibr
    With pistols everything. Further there will be guns and edged weapons.

    Pity-pity
    1. +1
      15 August 2020 22: 03
      Quote: Astra wild
      Pity-pity

      What a woman wants, God wants! What kind of pistols do you want?
      1. 0
        16 August 2020 07: 46
        Vyacheslav Olegovich, probably many colleagues will be interested in revolvers: the appearance of the first Lefoshe, Colt systems
        1. -1
          16 August 2020 18: 39
          Quote: Astra wild
          interesting revolvers: the appearance of the first systems of Lefoshe, Colt

          About Colts will be when the dragoons of the United States of the middle of the 19th century go.
  20. +1
    15 August 2020 22: 07
    Quote: Nikolaevich I
    Yes, sho you say !? And Yak Silvio in the story "Shot" (Belkin's Tale)

    You know in my novel "People and Weapons" the main character also shoots like a god, but this does not mean that it has always been so in reality.
    1. +1
      15 August 2020 23: 09
      You know in my novel "People and Weapons" the main character also shoots like a god, but this does not mean that it has always been so in reality.

      Henry Ryder Haggard had a character in King Solomon's Mines (John Hood is a former captain of the British Royal Navy. After serving in the Navy for seventeen years, he was retired. A gentleman, neat, always wears a monocle in his right eye, which is why the natives call him Bugwan (that is, "glass eye")) who killed a running giraffe with the first shot! Local African-Africans recognized him as a "wonder shooter"!
      But everyone who knew him personally claimed that he could not hit the elephant's ass at close range!
    2. +2
      15 August 2020 23: 16
      Everything happens in life ...
      A man of a very respectable age came to the priest and asked the question:
      - Tell me, father, is it possible that I turned out to be the father of a child that my 20-year-old wife recently gave birth to. After all, I am already more than 70 years old! Maybe this is God's intervention, and a miracle happened?
      - Let me answer your question with a story. Once I happened to be in the desert, where a lion suddenly rushed at me. He ran towards me very quickly, and I raised my cane in the manner of a rifle and pretended to aim. When the lion ran close enough to me, I shouted: "Poo!" - and the king of beasts fell down dead.
      - I understood! This is a miracle of God!
      - Not really: behind me was a hunter with a real gun.

      Vyacheslav Olegovich! In a previous article, you mentioned purchasing guns in England. Is it possible to highlight this in more detail, for a long time ago I met information about the poor quality of the acquired weapons! The shotguns were rusty and not complete!
      Is there any data on this information and who then took such trash?
      1. +1
        16 August 2020 18: 38
        Quote: hohol95
        Is there any data on this information and who then took such trash?

        That's not right at hand. But you interested me. I'll try to find out about it ...
  21. 0
    16 August 2020 17: 57
    The effectiveness was very high, for example, at the battle of Lutzin, the imperial cuirassiers shot down a couple of elite Swedish brigades.
  22. +1
    16 August 2020 18: 01
    interesting article! I didn't know that the cartridge had to be bitten in a certain way. There is some experience about the speed of loading and aimed shooting from such weapons. laughing maybe someone remembers this in the 80s, it was called SPS - a homemade squeak "samopal" or in another way RShS - a schoolboy's homemade gun wassat was made of a seamless pipe, one end of which was flattened and filled with lead, in this blind end the breech was equipped by drilling a hole in which the holder for the wick was fixed with electrical tape (an empty tube from the ballpoint pen rod), the butt was cut out from the board with a jigsaw, and the bed on which was cut out with a penknife using pliers and wire, the barrel was fixed ... the process of loading from the side of the barrel where the gunpowder was poured, which was plugged with tow was by means of a welding electrode (ramrod), then they put a ball of a suitable diameter from the bearing (from one to three, three if the balls are small) and again plugged with tow. Gunpowder was poured into the hole of the fuse or, in order not to waste it, Berthollet's salt in the form of sulfur from matches. A match inserted into a gray tube to the ignition hole served as a wick (special attention was paid to this place in order to avoid misfires :)) That's it! SPS was ready to fire! the shooter aimed at the duck, and the ignitor who was nearby had to carefully ignite the fuse. All this was done in order not to knock down the sight. if the lighter hesitated, the ducks flew away and the lighter flew away after the ducks (by three letters), the percentage of successful hits was approximately 20% (on a stationary target in the form of a can on a peg) wassat
  23. -1
    16 August 2020 18: 35
    Quote: TooL
    It's just that the author is very far from the practical use of weapons, so he writes all sorts of nonsense ..

    Ha ha ha ha! And those who are not far away and who have all this rewritten?
    1. 0
      18 August 2020 13: 40
      I have already written the experience of practitioners here.
  24. +1
    17 August 2020 00: 24
    It could well have been double or triple loading, and many suffered from this. But we will never know how many such cases were.

    It is curious that muzzle-loading guns are not immune from double loading either. In 1879, the British managed to double-load the HMS Thunderer's 12 "main-caliber cannons during a training exercise. The left one exploded as a result.
    1. 0
      17 August 2020 20: 34
      Quote: Saxahorse
      It is curious that they are not immune from double loading

      The main "device" for determining whether the cleaning rod is loaded or not is the cleaning rod itself, that is, the cleaning rod goes into an unloaded pistol more, and the loaded pistol is less, the difference is about 30 mm, there may be marks on the cleaning rod.
      1. 0
        17 August 2020 22: 46
        Quote: agond
        The main "device" for determining whether the ramrod pistol is loaded or not is the ramrod itself

        The main thing here is to remember what should be checked :)

        In the confusion, there is no time to think. With the same capsule guns, the trouble is innate, from the primer, when ignited, sometimes pieces of copper fly off and clog the hole in the tube. And in the American army, two-thirds of the recruits, then fired in close formation, with volleys. The capsule in front of the nose puffed, smoke and roar in excess from the neighbors and the sergeant yells - "load faster!" laughing
  25. 0
    17 August 2020 21: 06
    The author contradicts himself: the signature under the cavalry pistol arr. 1805 - This is what kind of pistol should have been given ... Shurochka! But in the first photo Shurochka is holding almost such a pistol (only with a ring on the handle) - The tide at the end of the barrel for attaching the cleaning rod and a hole for the cleaning rod under the barrel. There is no ramrod itself. did not have time to insert the gunsmiths of the film studio. So it goes.
  26. -1
    18 August 2020 07: 40
    It's not entirely clear which rifled guns the author writes about? In the war of 1812 rifled guns, of course, existed, but the smooth-bore musket remained in service with the armies. The mass arming of troops with rifled weapons is the Crimean War.
    1. 0
      18 August 2020 13: 41
      Fittings have long been the standard armament of infantry and cavalry, Mann.
      1. -1
        18 August 2020 16: 37
        You will see manya in the mirror. I repeat once again: the mass arming of troops with rifled weapons is the Crimean War. And - I understand that this will be a discovery for you - mass does not mean universal. For nagliks, this is about 50% of the total small, for toad beetles - about 30%.
        1. 0
          20 August 2020 10: 20
          Quote: BioDRED
          mass arming of troops with rifled weapons -

          Along with a smoothbore, there have always been weapons with straight cuts, straight cuts do not twist the bullet, but sharply reduce its friction against the barrel walls, black powder gave carbon deposits and the grooves reduce the friction area and with such a barrel it was less likely to clean.
        2. 0
          22 August 2020 23: 03
          I see on the screen and it's you, dearie. If this is not a universal weapon, then rifled weapons were widespread long before the Crimean war. In short, you buried yourself, manyunya.
          1. 0
            2 October 2020 01: 37
            Hey, mashka from under the box, rifled weapons were not massive, but in single copies. So suck in silence.
  27. 0
    22 August 2020 19: 56
    With the cavalry, everything is clear, but how did infantry officers wore pistols - like pirates, in their belts? When and where was the body holster for carrying a pistol invented?
  28. 0
    1 October 2020 10: 07
    An interesting selection.
  29. 0
    17 October 2020 14: 20
    Quote: kalibr
    But the privates were often given 12 rounds a year! It's not very easy to shoot here ... intuitively!

    If I'm wrong - correct me: the infantryman-archer took 21 shots on the campaign, hung in garlands in a sling. In most cases, this "ammunition" turned out to be unused. [media = https: //swordmaster.org//uploads/2010/streltsi/streltsi17c_small.jpg]
  30. 0
    20 October 2020 10: 53
    The statement that the threaded choke had less destructive power is absolutely wrong. Just the opposite. The obturation in the threaded fitting (especially with the Minier bullet, which was widely used by the allies in the Crimean War) was an order of magnitude higher than in a smoothbore gun with a wad, therefore the pressure in the powder chamber and the barrel of the fitting was significantly higher than in a smoothbore gun. Allied rifled fittings fired three times farther than the Russian smoothbore rifles.
    Now, about aiming at a distance of up to three hundred steps is fantastic. At such a distance, the spread of bullets was excessively large, and a sniper shot from a smooth-bore gun did not work. More or less effective was a salvo fire against the dense order of the attackers.
  31. 0
    21 October 2020 23: 47
    Quote: TooL
    What other trauma? The rifle has 3500 Joules of energy, like a Mosin rifle. And in the then 1000 Joule pistol, as in modern magnum class revolvers.


    How many joules? No need to tell a story, okay? For a pistol sample 1809g, muzzle energy is within 250 joules.
  32. 0
    1 November 2020 19: 34
    "That is, to get out of it at someone at a distance could only be by chance."
    Attention Lies!
    Those pistols fired very accurately. The weight of the pistol plays only into the hand of the shooter - the recoil is less, it does not twitch when the mechanism is operating. Someone also got into the map if the pistol is good and the bullet is calibrated. The bullet speed of that pistol is low, and you can also use less powder.
  33. 0
    1 November 2020 19: 43
    British soldiers, the most trained in Europe, fired up to 3 rounds per minute from the Brown Bess. Good English soldiers (elite units) up to 5 shots. And the British sergeants sometimes managed to do 6. But this was in dry weather - on the parade ground, or at the beginning of the battle until they were tired. I think on the Waterloo field, it was at the pace of 4-5 shots that 1500 guardsmen of Peregrine Maitland fired - when they stood up from the tall grass 100 meters in front of the advancing regiment of the Old Guard (rangers) and ... they just shot them until they ran, losing 30%. The French either could not approach the bayonet, or were afraid.
  34. 0
    5 November 2020 21: 02
    A good shooter could make 5-6 shots per minute from flint (not a rifle!) spent on charging the musket not a minute, but about 10 seconds. It's not a problem to make 3 shots per minute - he shot himself and didn't sweat.

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