Tank engine Maybach HL 230: Soviet reviews and repairs on ZIL

77

German 700-strong Maybach HL 230. Source: vpk.name

Soviet history of the Hitler motor


History about the appearance of Maybach HL 230 at ZIL should start from 1943-1944, when in Kubinka a full analysis of the design of a gasoline engine tank Pz V Panther. One of the first sources from which Soviet engineers and the military learned about the intricacies of engine performance was the Bulletin of the Tank Industry. In the article “German Tank Engines,” senior lieutenant technician Chistozvonov examines the evolution of enemy tank power plants. HL230 acts as a more powerful modification of the "brindle" HL210. In fact, the “two hundred and tenth” engine was installed only on the first 250 copies of heavy tanks. It was decided to replace the twelve-cylinder carburetor power unit due to the relatively small power of 650 liters. with. and low reliability at about 3000 rpm. But it was precisely in this region of revolutions that the torque was close to maximum. But the Tiger could not fit a larger motor, so Maybach-Motorenbau GmbH decided to increase the working volume by 10% and replace the aluminum cylinder block with cast iron for greater reliability. It turned out to remove 700 liters from the new engine. with. that with a working volume of 23,88 liters was an outstanding indicator for its time. These Karl Maybach engines under the HL 230 index became the main ones for the line of modifications of Hitler's heavy and medium tanks. Lieutenant Chistozvonov mentions in Vestnik that the Germans increased the intake valve diameter to 60% of the cylinder diameter, installed 4 Solex TFF-2 carburetors (one unit for every three cylinders), increased the compression ratio to 7,5 and dispersed the piston to medium speeds of 16 m / s. The inlet valves were sodium-cooled, and this, according to the author, allowed the engine to run on 74th gasoline, despite the increased compression ratio. Such technical solutions became the basis for boosting the engine, which made, in particular, reinforce the crankcase due to increased loads.


Pz V Panther from the collection in Kubinka. Source: militaryarms.ru

Among other features of the engine, Soviet military engineers paid special attention to devices for underwater driving of the tank. The Germans carried radiators and fans of the cooling system into separate compartments filled with water, while the HL 230 itself was sealed on both the Tiger and Panther. Fans, by the way, at the entrance to the water were disconnected from the drive by cardan shafts using friction clutches. For cold climate conditions, a thermosiphon heater with a portable blowtorch was provided.



Despite the mass of interesting engineering solutions, the author of the material in the Bulletin of the Tank Industry concludes that the design of the HL 230 is not brought to the required level of readiness and has serious shortcomings. So, the engine inherited from the previous model got a tendency to penetrate too narrow jumpers of the cylinder head gasket between adjacent combustion chambers. Incidentally, this was aggravated on the HL 230 due to an increase in the working volume of the cylinders with constant block sizes. Maybach-Motorenbau engineers even removed the common gasket from the gas joint, replacing it with separate aluminum rings, which also burned out.


Maybach HL 230. Source: en.wikipedia.org

In pursuit of power, we had to reduce the distance between the cylinders and even thin the cylinder liner, which very negatively affected the performance of the Pz V Panther from the museum’s collection in Kubinka. But more on that later. Another consequence of the high degree of acceleration of the motors were frequent valve breaks and burnout of the pistons. The general conclusion of the article by Lieutenant Chistozvonov on the analysis of the development of tank engine building of the Third Reich was the thesis: "The older the design, the higher the reliability." High liter engine power as a requirement of "thickened" Hitler armored vehicles has become an important factor in the loss of reliability and resource.

For many decades, Soviet and, later, Russian engineers didn’t even remember the “fiery hearts” of the fascist German tank industry. Fortunately, domestic powerplant designs were based on other ideas. But when the military in 2012 needed to revive the museum Pz V Panther, there was an incident: they could not manage on their own in Kubinka.

Wizards from the experimental workshop


Visitors to the museum in Kubinka will probably remember the spotted Panther with a tactical number on the II II 11 tower, which is one of the few German exhibition vehicles capable of independent movement. Museum workers revived him in 2012 and even managed to ride around the complex, but soon noticed that the oil in the engine turned into a water emulsion. There were serious problems that precluded the further operation of the tank. But it was not possible to solve it by the Ministry of Defense - the innovations and reforms of the then Minister Serdyukov did not leave specialists in the entire Moscow Military District capable of such repairs. The engine, obviously, was in a single copy with a minimum set of spare parts.

Tank engine Maybach HL 230: Soviet reviews and repairs on ZIL








Maybach HL 230: moments of operation and training of personnel. Source: www.alanhamby.com

As Vladimir Mazepa (in 1992-1994 and 1998-1999 - the chief designer of AMO-ZIL) mentions in his book "Legends and Tuffel Groves", the director of the museum Andrei Sorokova and the representative of the restoration department Alexander Anfinogenov turned to the Likhachev Plant for help. On the part of the ZIL experimental workshop, to which this work was entrusted, engineers Nikolai Polyakov, Vladimir Kharinov and Andrey Zharov participated. The motor from the tank was dismantled, loaded into the “Bychok” and taken to Moscow in the bureau for the study and refinement of trucks of the experimental workshop. The Maybach HL 230 “Panther” motor was put on a stand and, for lack of detailed instructions, they searched for the cause of water entering the oil sump by brainstorming. Even the process of disassembling the motor had to be outlined in detail, otherwise it would be difficult to bring it to its original state. Initially, it was determined that the leak was somewhere in the region of the third cylinder, but the reason was determined a little later: it was a long, almost the entire cylinder, longitudinal wall crack. At the same time, the engineers determined that the engine of the German tank is almost untouched, the wear is minimal, but in the 10th, 11th and 12th cylinders there are traces of foreign objects. Intake valves were bent in the same cylinders and, accordingly, piston bottoms were riveted. How can one not recall the highest reliability of engines, which was mentioned in an article back in 1944! The valves were aligned on the equipment of the experimental workshop, but there were problems with the cracked cylinder liner. For several weeks there was no news from Kubinka, although museum workers promised to find and send something suitable from the repair kit to Moscow. We decided to do it on our own. Metallurgical researchers have determined that the sleeve is made of gray cast iron, and accurate measurements showed similarities with a similar spare part from the domestic YaMZ-236 motor. The Maybach piston was ideally suited to the sleeve of the Yaroslavl motor! It only remained to grind the workpiece from the outside: we remember that the Germans on the HL 230 model increased the working volume of the tank engine by simply boring the cylinders and thinning the walls to 3,5 mm. Such "elegance" of the design, obviously, became the cause of the breakdown of the German tank in the distant forties - a completely new engine simply overheated.




Faulty German tank engine in the ZIL experimental workshop. year 2012. Source: "Legends and were Tuffel Grove", author V. G. Mazepa

Further, in the work of Moscow specialists, the question arose of laying the cylinder head. She, contrary to the data of Lieutenant Chistozvonov, was still present, and not even alone. The water jacket was sealed with more than a meter long gasket made of a metallized gasket sheet, and the fire belt was sealed with an annealed copper ring. A possible reason for this discrepancy in data was different modifications of engines that fell into the hands of domestic engineers in 1944 and in 2012. Copper for the fire zone was found and the rings were made, but the Klingerite gasket was made of material that was selected by the technologists of the experimental workshop.

When the Maybach HL 230 was assembled, put on the stand and launched, taking into account all the improvements, the oil-water emulsion in the crankcase was no longer observed, but the motor itself was very unstable. After several days of the next brainstorming, the shotdown phases of gas distribution in one of the semiblocks were determined. Normalized motor operation according to the German instructions in 1944. By the way, they did not determine who had knocked down the phases of the German engine: perhaps this was done during the research of the tank in Kubinka during the war. Perhaps Lieutenant Chistozvonov took part in this ...

The motor for the Pz V Panther from the exposition in Kubinka revived. The tank is still operational, participates in military reconstruction and festivals. But the engineering potential of ZIL, which was gloriously manifested during such "resuscitation", could not be maintained.
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  1. +25
    4 June 2020 18: 22
    Thanks to the author for an interesting article !!! With 74 gasoline, removing 700 horses is an achievement!
    1. +9
      5 June 2020 02: 20
      Quote: Clever man
      74 gasoline

      Yes, there was no gas. In general, from the word at all. Gasoline, as much as Germany had, went to aviation. But tanks and other mundane equipment drove ersatz gas driven out of coal, and this fuel did not contribute to power, reliability or durability.
      1. -9
        5 June 2020 18: 57
        And you, dear, you yourself ran these TENs in 1943-1946. Where do all the little ones come from.
        And AFFtoru, thank you very much for the fantastic story, amused, probably for the first time he heard "brain turm, Metallurgists-researchers" "
      2. +2
        6 June 2020 00: 01
        Aviation gasoline is not the same as for tanks. And the Germans are very scrupulous regarding fuel and oil for cars. It was the Russians who poured everything that burns (and even smolders) into their diesel tanks — the Germans would never do that. And I’ll say right away about the engine: any forcing of the engine (especially a high-tension one) is fraught with similar excesses. The Germans can be understood - they were in a hurry, and chronic German economy played a role in everything.
        1. 0
          6 June 2020 13: 14
          So where does their scrupulousness end?
  2. +3
    4 June 2020 19: 03
    It turned out to remove 700 liters from the new engine. with. that with a working volume of 23,88 liters was an outstanding indicator for its time.
    The displacement of the Maybach HL 230 engine is 23,0954 liters.
  3. +14
    4 June 2020 19: 10
    Very interesting! Unbroken, not rewritten from Wiki. Thank!
  4. -18
    4 June 2020 19: 14
    For the author! 230 is just a bored 210y! Nobody changed the center distance. And generally speaking! When trying to write on technical topics. You need to at least try to study the subject of which you write.
    P.S. The reconstruction workers with Zila, together with the museum workers, simply smiled. I don’t understand that the Zilovites had no instructions for operation and repair. But the museum workers should have had it and if it wasn’t available they should have known where to get it. Let's go to Lenin and digitized voila.
    At least on Euro Janeks sites, downloading for 20 dead raccoons was no more difficult.
    1. +8
      4 June 2020 19: 44
      I also had a question why motorists did not find information on one of the most common tank engines of WWII. Moreover, in Kubinka or in the archives of related organizations there are probably even originals of technical documentation.
      But the motors of related models can be very different from each other.
      Even motors of the same model may have some differences, depending on the year of manufacture and the manufacturer.
      The same B-2 was constantly upgraded.
      1. +8
        5 June 2020 02: 04
        Normalized motor operation according to the German instructions in 1944.

        They all found, just a journalist, as usual, decided to wrap up the intrigue and write about something heroic. So I inserted for the red words about the lack of instructions and brainstorming.
        Why the hell are the assaults needed here then? Antifreeze in oil-pull off the cylinder head, elementary truth auto repair.
        So they probably pulled the cylinder head down, found a crack in the sleeve, turned it and stuck it in Yaroslavskaya, and then took a breath with gaskets and timing, but they translated the German instruction and were able to assemble it correctly. That’s the whole story. But no one will read such an article, it’s boring, and they’ve made up the story of a heroic struggle.
        1. +9
          5 June 2020 04: 17
          Tosl in oil, the pan is removed, and you climb with the flashlight carrying along the crankcase, you are looking for where it is running from, it is desirable to raise the pressure in the cooling system, the system is sealed and the pressure rises with air, so leaks are identified more easily. Timing is set according to marks, the installation is factory, because, apparently, the gear drive, and Lieutenant Chistozvonov, I could not bring down the timing phases, for this it is necessary to open the engine and climb into the drives. But maybe at the factory the engine was so assembled, because of this the engine overheated and the sleeve burst.
          1. 0
            5 June 2020 14: 17
            Yes gear drive. But the camshafts are in the heads! And given that the drive on them through the intermediate gears. That could well bring down the installation.
            For a not so assembled engine from the factory he laughed. That is, he passed the acceptance, and then the installation of the shafts got ruined once?
            1. +5
              5 June 2020 14: 44
              We drove a tank at the test site, nobody paid attention to the fact that the engine was troit They understood something wrong when they began to check the oil level. When disassembling, the valves are bent on three cylinders, and with such malfunctions, the engine should shake like Goebels at a rally. However, the testers did not even pay attention to this. Violation of the marks on one, two teeth, for example on one head, is not particularly felt.
          2. +4
            5 June 2020 15: 33
            the pallet is removed, and you climb with a flashlight carrying on the crankcase,

            And what do you want to find in the crankcase? Maybe this is of course some tractor-freight methods, but in a passenger engine you will definitely not see a crack in the cylinder head from the crankcase.
            Labels in a tank Maybach may not be there, the product is not massive, for service by someone not intended. For example, they were not in the old Jaguar V-12, but in modern BMW engines there are tags, but without a special tool for fixing the timing shafts you still can not collect.
            1. +1
              5 June 2020 16: 12
              If water has gone into the sump, the sump, not everyone has pallets, then most likely they will leak out from under the sleeves. Therefore, they remove the sump first of all, and visually determine the leaks, often make pressure testing. And they already dance further ... In this engine, a crack is described along the entire length, there not only the water went into the crankcase, but the engine and water should be spit out of the system, the gases should be transferred to radiators. With cracks in the heads, cracks are usually between the valve seats, the thinnest places. In this case, in most cases, there is a discharge of water from the system. There are other cases. The tags on these motors should have been, to replace the head gaskets, it is unlikely that the engines were brought to Germany, put in place on the tags. To tell you the truth, I didn’t see Jaguar in the eye, especially his insides.
              1. -1
                5 June 2020 16: 30
                But I haven’t seen factory sleeves :) In cars, usually dead blocks are artificially used, and the engine was originally used at the factory unless I saw it in a driving school.
                1. +2
                  5 June 2020 16: 54
                  At us at Volga and Muscovites engines were shelled. Trucks and tractors, tanks were all sleeves, sleeves were being sold and are being sold, everyone likes it. I remember they called wet shells, washed directly with water. Zhiguli engines, bored to the last, usually the overhaul mileage was about 150 thousand km, there were two more overhaul sizes. Therefore, 500 thousand run was enough for the eyes, by this time the bug was already falling apart, especially for those who have concrete floors in garages. But still it happened and the Zhiguli engines were used. The fact is that the sleeve is from a different cast iron than the block. The block was sharpened until the old sleeve was grinded and a new one was pressed in, something like this. These shells were called dry, they were cooled from the block. So yes, it is very rare to leak in such a block, and if it appears, then it has a direct road to the landfill. So really need to check the heads
                2. 0
                  6 June 2020 00: 17
                  I ask you not to confuse the engine with a volume of 1,5-4,0 liters from 23 liters and a capacity of 700 mares. On large machines, the approach to repair is somewhat different.
    2. +6
      5 June 2020 12: 58
      I’ll say more. This panther was put on the run by enthusiasts who have no official affiliation with the museum, the year 2006-2007. I don’t remember exactly. And she went and participated in the tanker's days. They put a lot of equipment, in Kubinka, on the move. From what I remember Pz-4, T-26, BA-3, T-34 from the next swamp.
  5. +6
    4 June 2020 19: 17
    More than 30 l / s per liter ... It’s quite a bit of aviation performance in the early to mid-40s. Well, the heat load is at an appropriate level.
    1. +9
      4 June 2020 19: 27
      The next modification is HL 234, with the same displacement due to the introduction of direct injection, it produced 800 hp.
      1. +3
        4 June 2020 19: 39
        Yes, the question is whether it was worth achieving such high specific indicators in wartime for a tank engine. Resource and (most important) reliability are unambiguously affected.
        1. +4
          4 June 2020 19: 57
          Maybach HL 295, which began to be developed in 1943, gave out 29,5 hp at 1200 liters, allowing short-term afterburner up to 1500.
          1. 0
            4 June 2020 20: 00
            And what weight? Dimensions It is interesting to compare with DB-605.
        2. +6
          5 June 2020 01: 53
          Quote: mark1
          Yes, the question is whether it was worth achieving such high specific indicators in wartime for a tank engine. Resource and (most important) reliability are unambiguously affected.

          Just in wartime, the resource for a tank is not the main thing, in a war a tank takes an average of 3 attacks and passes and works out 100 hours. This is in peacetime, when tanks serve for decades, the resource and reliability are needed. Not without reason after the war the UKN program for the IS-3 began, since it turned out that the tank designed for wartime was unsuitable for peacetime, as it broke very quickly.
    2. The comment was deleted.
    3. -4
      5 June 2020 01: 55
      Quote: mark1
      More than 30 l / s per liter ... It’s quite a bit of aviation performance in the early to mid-40s. Well, the heat load is at an appropriate level.

      Phew! My Witz with a liter engine has a capacity of 69 horses.
  6. +11
    4 June 2020 19: 30
    Thanks, informative.
    But in my opinion a few mistakes.
    Sodium-cooled intake valves. Rather, exhaust, inlet and so do not overheat. And on Soviet cars such valves were used. For the sake of entertainment, they sawed such a valve, picked out sodium, threw it into the water, the ball rolled on the surface.
    And the second: The water jacket was sealed with more than a meter gasket. What's this ?
    1. +7
      5 June 2020 01: 49
      And the second: The water jacket was sealed with more than a meter gasket. What's this ?

      This is a clumsy way to say that the cylinder head gasket length was more than one meter and there were no materials in the automotive industry in such a dimension as to make a new one.
  7. 0
    4 June 2020 19: 33
    I did not understand about sodium cooling. What's this?
    1. +7
      4 June 2020 19: 41
      There is a cavity in the outlet valve where a certain amount of sodium was added; when the valve was heated, the sodium turned into a liquid state and cooled the valve head.
      You can see it on Wikipedia.
    2. +5
      4 June 2020 19: 58
      Inside the intake valve stem is a cavity partially filled with sodium. When the engine was running, sodium melted and served as a heat carrier from TULIP to the shaft — and further — into the valve guides. This is an additional measure, the valve is 60% cooled through the seat to the head. A similar mulch was used on Zilovsky 152-157 engines and on 130 families. Subsequently, this idea was abandoned.
    3. +1
      5 June 2020 03: 24
      Quote: bairat
      I did not understand about sodium cooling. What's this?

      Exhaust valves. You break them, sucks in the water, they explode.
  8. +2
    4 June 2020 19: 38
    Great article! It would be interesting to read on VO about the restoration work of old equipment.
  9. +3
    4 June 2020 20: 32
    sorry zil what a galaxy of engineers from the master to the designers of kb, and now in the country Renault-General Motors, well, the Germans just couldn’t bring not bad engines, another thing is surprising - excellent marine diesel engines why not for tanks
    1. +9
      5 June 2020 02: 38
      Quote: Ryaruav
      excellent marine diesel engines why not for tanks

      The Germans no worse than everyone else understood the advantages of a tank diesel, but there was nothing to refuel it. Diesel fuel, as it was, crushed Doenitz under himself. Gasoline, how much it was, crushed Goering for himself. They could no longer produce it, because Romanian and Hungarian oil were pumped as much as they could, and Germany had no oil at all, from the word at all. All that the ground equipment has left is ersatz gasoline, and it was designed for it.
      Not for nothing Hitler in 1942 broke into the Caucasus, he was attracted by Baku and Grozny oil. And in Stalingrad, they ran into it in vain, the departure of Paulus would lead to an even worse boiler in the Caucasus. However, with the Caucasus and Caucasian oil, the Germans also came out with a cruel bummer.
  10. +8
    4 June 2020 21: 57
    But the engineering potential of ZIL, which was gloriously manifested during such "resuscitation," could not be maintained.
    And there is no ZIL and no specialists, and so everywhere. And how many unique factories in Russia are, and there are no such specialists, and there will no longer be such.
    1. +9
      5 June 2020 02: 39
      Quote: tihonmarine
      And there is no ZIL and no specialists, and so is everywhere.

      To build a ZIL, you need Stalin. And to break up, Yeltsin will come down.
      1. -3
        5 June 2020 04: 43
        Quote: Nagan
        And to break up, Yeltsin will come down.

        Putin collapsed.
        1. +9
          5 June 2020 04: 47
          Under Putin, they simply legalized what actually happened under Yeltsin: the plant was gone. The fact that the corpse convulsed for some time did not change anything. And it could not have happened otherwise, because the land under the plant was worth more than the same land with the plant.
          1. +5
            5 June 2020 04: 53
            Quote: Nagan
            because the land under the plant was worth more than the same land with the plant.

            Exactly. And the Chinese car factory, which was built by ZiL specialists, is booming.

            1. +6
              5 June 2020 13: 23
              thriving, having a smart leadership of the country !!!!!!!!!
              1. +4
                5 June 2020 13: 28
                Quote: barium
                having smart country leadership !!!!!!!!!

                The first Chinese automobile plant was built by ZiL specialists, it is completely state-owned, and 120 thousand people work on it. Dozens of models are produced for several million pieces a year.
          2. +2
            5 June 2020 05: 02
            Quote: Nagan
            under Yeltsin: the factory was gone.

            In the 1994th year went 4331th. Very cool cabins with a good stove. There were winter options. We were with the KAMAZ engine, with English, with Uralovsky ..
            1. +7
              5 June 2020 05: 07
              In Soviet times, they somehow reached the end of the century. But after it wasn’t enough.
              1. +1
                5 June 2020 05: 14
                Quote: Nagan
                But after it wasn’t enough.

                Weaned. I remember one came for repairs, boasted that their chairman privatized all the cars for free. They did the 130th, so they gave us half the cows. laughing Then 4331 were repaired, the car tumbled with the Strizhament, so the whole team was walking in half. They ate boxes.
              2. +5
                5 June 2020 09: 14
                Quote: Nagan
                In Soviet times, they somehow reached the end of the century. But after there wasn’t enough

                It had nothing to do with it, ZIL could exist and work, but someone really needed ZIL land. Caring for your pocket above the state.
    2. +7
      5 June 2020 04: 41
      Quote: tihonmarine
      and there are no such specialists

      Our school was sponsored by ZiL. In the second grade we went, the compressor was dismantled. And they got the money. I remember my mother bought a glass of raspberries, pouted, proud as a turkey, got a salary! For a couple of days - four rubles with a penny.
  11. +25
    4 June 2020 22: 05
    Like such articles. Thank)
    but I liked this photo - the artisans of the resuscitated dvigla. Special breed.

    And all sorts of effeminate worms, busy with blogs, fitness and clip counts in offices, consider them losers with dirt under the nails.
    ... in the garages of my childhood, such people were legends ... hi
    1. +3
      5 June 2020 04: 26
      The shaft of the inertial starter is even preserved. I wonder how many people know that 700 horsepower engines could start from a "crooked starter"
      1. +2
        5 June 2020 13: 27
        I learned about such starters, from a front-line partner. after the war he served in Kubinka, he also learned about Kubinka. team-mate Chernyak Alexander! worked at the TCSM, Tashkent 1982
      2. +2
        5 June 2020 23: 27
        Quote: Free Wind
        I wonder how many people know that 700 horsepower engines could start from a "crooked starter"

        Messerschmitt Bf109
        1. 0
          9 June 2020 19: 32
          and, in principle, they did not twist the "curve" for a long time, some 30 seconds
          1. 0
            9 June 2020 21: 10
            Quote: your1970
            and, in principle, they did not twist the "curve" for a long time, some 30 seconds
            I don’t know how Messer does, and the AN-2 starts the flywheel with an electric starter, somewhere around the same time (if I remember correctly, since I started it a long time ago, back in the school of young aviators)
  12. +1
    5 June 2020 04: 42
    An interesting fact is the ingress of foreign objects into the cylinders, which already bent the valves, as they got there. And the conclusion about the unreliability of engines. Pour a handful of rubble into the engine, and say that it is unreliable, and ride on it in Kubinka.
  13. +2
    5 June 2020 11: 19
    I can't understand. Someone wrote that the cylinder block for our diesel engine was "unique" and the Germans could not do anything like that ... And here it seemed like there was aluminum on the Maybach ...
    1. 0
      5 June 2020 13: 53
      What is the difference of what block. Only in bulk. Subsequently, both ours and the Germans began to make pig-iron. Also, the Nazis and diesels made very worthy, the same X-shaped. They just thought that the best enemy of the good. And so in these engines, I didn’t see anything particularly over the technological, well, the engine and the engine.
    2. 0
      15 June 2020 00: 31
      Quote: Eugene1976
      Someone wrote that the block of cylinders for our diesel engine was "unique"

      Our tank diesel was created along with those engines that were supposed to be used in aviation, so they were unified to the maximum. Including silumin block of cylinders.
  14. +1
    5 June 2020 12: 00
    when will we stop saying "ours, theirs"?
    there is no such thing, there is "technique and its progress", which is moved by specific individuals.
    Before WWII, how many of our specialists were in Germany? how much they saw new, interesting!
    How many samples were purchased? then disassembled, analyzed, applied at home?
    Without an account.
    And they produced everything themselves. And there were Proud for themselves and for the country ...
    Today? apart from chipping fur products and everything else - there is nothing to recall the activities of the previous Prime Minister! and today the chips are going to be inserted into .... for what? ask and answer this question yourself ...
    What do we produce ourselves today? we buy from "Chinese friends", for another - no money!
    Something like that.
    Was on ZIL more than once, incl. in closed workshops, I had to communicate with a different circle of specialists.
    The territory is simply huge, in the center of the metropolis, and here is the answer - why ZIL died. This has already been mentioned above.
  15. +4
    5 June 2020 12: 43
    Here's what I noticed:
    One of the first sources from which Soviet engineers and the military learned about the intricacies of engine performance was the Bulletin of the Tank Industry. In the article “German Tank Engines,” senior lieutenant technician Chistozvonov examines the evolution of enemy tank power plants.

    To what extent was the exchange of scientific and technical information organized ... "Bulletin of Tank Industry" (!). Is there such a magazine now? Surely there were other specialized magazines. Senior lieutenant (!) Writes an overview of the evolution of enemy tank engines.
    Show me now a senior lieutenant from a specialized research institute who will write an overview of the engines of Leopards, Abrams, Merkav, etc.
    1. +2
      5 June 2020 13: 32
      such elders, Russia will not have a very long time !!!
    2. 0
      5 June 2020 13: 42
      Leopards, Merkava's engine is the same.
    3. 0
      5 June 2020 13: 58
      The ranks of technical workers and some others did not correlate with the standard military ranks. For example, an NKVD major had a "weight" slightly inferior to an Armed Forces general. Or the rank of railroad workers. There was a separate caste during the war. This is a primitive example, but the meaning is clear.
      1. +1
        5 June 2020 15: 35
        I understand that this senior lieutenant could be an adult uncle engineer from the reserve. But how many are there now? And I still remember the magazine "Military Thought" in which all sorts of interesting articles were published.
    4. 0
      9 June 2020 19: 35
      Quote: Tavrik
      Show me now a senior lieutenant from a specialized research institute who will write an overview of the engines of Leopards, Abrams, Merkav, etc.
      -for this you need how minimum - burn a hundred or two Leopards and Abrams, and even in our territory
  16. 0
    5 June 2020 16: 26
    HL 230 Germans created literally on the run. Therefore, he had quite a few flaws. Maybach led other interesting and promising developments. The Germans did not have enough time to realize all this. And Maybach also developed diesel tank engines.
    .
    http://alternathistory.com/razrabotka-tankovih-dvigatelei-firmy-maybach-v-1930-1940-e-gody/
    :
    1. 0
      7 June 2020 15: 10
      The Germans and nuclear reactors built, but what's the point? There was no time or money for fine-tuning.
      1. 0
        10 June 2020 16: 48
        Quote: Jager
        The Germans and nuclear reactors built, but what's the point? There was no time or money for fine-tuning.


        Not only time and money was not.
  17. +1
    5 June 2020 18: 06
    As a clumsy article is written.
    In pursuit of power, we had to reduce the distance between the cylinders
    and right there
    increase the working volume of the cylinders with constant block sizes.
    .
    It can be assumed that sleeves with increased inner and outer diameters were installed, as a result of which the distance between the walls of the cylinders decreased at a constant inter-cylinder distance, but the author writes
    we remember that the Germans on the HL 230 model increased the working volume of the tank engine by simply boring the cylinders and thinning the walls to 3,5 mm.
    that is, the inner diameter of the liners was increased, and the outer, therefore, the distance between the outer walls of the liners remained the same.
    Take for example the ZIL eight. I started work as a repair shop master at a motor depot. So the kids from the paramilitary convoy (ZIL 130) went to the ATP, bought a liner from LiAZ (Uralovskaya) and put
  18. +1
    5 June 2020 19: 58
    ZIL sorry. One of the best plants in the USSR.
  19. +1
    5 June 2020 20: 42
    Interesting article!
  20. 0
    5 June 2020 22: 04
    ....... The Germans carried the radiators and fans of the cooling system into separate compartments filled with water, while the HL 230 itself was sealed on both the Tiger and Panther. ...

    On modern Leopards, they use the same system. Minus: the ring-shaped radiators used by them have poor efficiency, and more than 200 hp are taken from the motor to drive cooling fans.

    1. 0
      15 June 2020 00: 18
      Imagine applying 100 hp to such a fan. The blades will fly off. They will not fly off so they will warm the air. I do not believe. 200 h.p. it may be turbocharged.
      1. 0
        15 June 2020 00: 25
        Quote: alien308
        Imagine applying 100 hp to such a fan.

        I came across just such numbers. For example, the T-90 of the first modifications spent 90 horses on the cooling system, on the new 75.
        1. 0
          15 June 2020 00: 35
          So in 90 it’s not 200. The design, of course, is a blockhead radicompactness ready for anything.
          1. 0
            15 June 2020 00: 41
            Quote: alien308
            So in 90 not 200.

            So the engine is slightly weaker with more efficient radiators.
            I repeat, those that are on the Leopard with poor efficiency (or the cooling surface of insufficient area?). Yes, and if you listen to the sound of the Leopard’s motor, the whistle of the fans is very audible, while ours rumble of the engine and a little, the turbine. The whistle of the cooling fan is not heard at all.
            By the way, on Merkava there is an engine from the same Leopard, but the power is artificially underestimated, since with their layout they could not provide him with acceptable cooling, therefore, to avoid overheating, they reduced the power.
            1. 0
              15 June 2020 00: 54
              Offhand, poor efficiency due to the small diameter of the duct in which the fan stands. There, the air accelerates to high speed. So compact. But in the series, it was possible to slowly lick aerodynamics. In ventilation, the same Germans do a lot of interesting things to increase efficiency. Some buy a German fan with high performance, but it is low-pressure, it turns out everything else also needs to be done in German.
              1. 0
                15 June 2020 01: 06
                Quote: alien308
                due to the small diameter of the duct in which the fan stands.

                Probably so. In our country, when an engine of 187 horses was installed on object 1200, we had to add the radiator area + put the second fan, one (like on the T72-90) could not cope, but it would be larger than Leopard in size:
                On the rear armor plate there are two covers under which fans are mounted.
  21. 0
    11 June 2020 17: 26
    What a small motor !!!

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