Icebreaking fleet of Russia: when there really are no analogues in the world

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On May 26, at the Baltiysky Zavod in St. Petersburg, the next universal icebreaker of Project 22220, Yakutia, was laid down. This is the fourth ship of this project and the third in it, with serial status. However, the expected replenishment of the icebreaker fleet Russia alone is not limited to nuclear powered ships.

Project 22220 is the brainchild of the domestic corporation Rosatom. The customer of the ships belonging to it (there should be five of them in all), is the Atomflot FSUE that is part of this state structure. The first of them, the Arctic, was laid at the Baltic Plant in 2013, launched in 2016.



Now it is undergoing sea trials and should be commissioned very soon. The first serial ship of the project, Siberia, laid down in 2014, was launched in 2017, the second, the Urals, after being laid in 2016, was launched last year. Now this family will be supplemented by Yakutia.

Icebreaking fleet of Russia: when there really are no analogues in the world
Photo: Rosatomflot


Universal icebreakers of this project are ships that have no analogues in the world. This phrase filled my edge, but in this case, everything is just as applicable, perhaps, to the entire icebreaking fleet. In any case, according to domestic shipbuilders, not a single state can boast of anything like this. More than impressive parameters (displacement of 33 and a half thousand tons, length of more than 173 m and width of 34 meters, two powerful nuclear reactors "Rhythm" of 175 MW each) will allow the latest nuclear-powered vessels to overcome ice up to 3 meters thick, thereby providing navigation along the North sea ​​route even in the harshest time of the year. In fact, the possession of such an icebreaking group will put Russia out of competition in these latitudes.

Non-nuclear link


Of course, one cannot fail to mention the non-nuclear icebreaking ships that are being built and have already begun to enter the Russian fleet. First of all, it is the project 23550 diesel-electric universal patrol ships. The first of them, “Ivan Papanin”, launched in 2017, was launched last year and should be handed over to military sailors in 2023. A year later, they plan to get a second ship of the same class, Nikolai Zubov, which was laid in 2019. These ships, of course, do not have such impressive parameters as nuclear-powered ships, but each of them will carry Caliber launchers that are guaranteed to deal with any potential enemy.

Also, the project 21180 diesel-electric icebreakers will become reliable assistants to the guards of our northern borders. They do not have any formidable missiles, but they have a helipad, a universal boat and equipment necessary for search and rescue and emergency recovery operations, and supply of Red Banner Northern Fleet warships Russia, by the order of which they are designed and created. The first such ship. “Ilya Muromets”, has already been serving since 2017, the second, “Evpatiy Kolovrat”, has been under construction since 2018.

In conclusion, I would like to add that the project 10510 - "Leader" is next in turn for domestic designers and shipbuilders. This is another line of nuclear powered ships for the Northern Sea Route, even more impressive than those being built today. The length of more than 200 meters and a width of 47 meters, two nuclear reactors of 315 MW each - these characteristics will really make them the undisputed leaders in the Arctic waters. According to reports, to date, a contract for the construction of the first such icebreaker between the shipyard Zvezda and Atomflot has already been signed. We are waiting for a message about the bookmark.
  • Alexander Kharaluzhny
  • Wikipedia / nuclear icebreaker "Arktika" (project), Federal State Unitary Enterprise Rosatomflot
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  1. +9
    29 May 2020 09: 37
    The Arctic must be mastered. Icebreakers are needed.
    1. -36
      29 May 2020 09: 52
      Yes, but why again about "there are no analogues in the world" if icebreakers are banal to nobody but us?
      1. +10
        29 May 2020 10: 02
        Well, why so, it’s like the Americans got busted, and the Swedes of Canada just get stuck ... laughing
      2. +8
        29 May 2020 10: 04
        Quote: unaha
        Yes, but why again about "there are no analogues in the world" if icebreakers are banal to nobody but us?

        Too lazy to list ... just open the map or look at the globe ... be surprised how many states of the Arctic zone, and how many people who want to get into the Arctic - even not related to it. Now, even the Chinese are concerned about the construction of the Icebreaking Fleet!
        1. -23
          29 May 2020 10: 18
          To list them for a short time - the USA and Canada, which began to fuss solely in response to our actions (mainly defense, since transport and raw materials are still in a hypothetical area). Until recently, they did not care about icebreakers.
          Here are the Chinese - yes, there is money, they climb everywhere and they are more likely about raw materials and some other goodies.
          1. +3
            29 May 2020 10: 34
            Quote: unaha
            To list them for a short time - the USA and Canada, which began to fuss solely in response to our actions (mainly defense, since transport and raw materials are still in a hypothetical area). Until recently, they did not care about icebreakers.
            Here are the Chinese - yes, there is money, they climb everywhere and they are more likely about raw materials and some other goodies.

            What a strange globe you have! And Denmark and Norway, where did he go from him?
            And are the states located next to the Arctic zone aimed at harvesting biological resources? By the way, the volume of these bioresources has not yet been established, but all Experts repeat as a mantra that it is simply Colossal! Notice I'm not talking about oil and gas right now ... but corny about Food!
            1. -14
              29 May 2020 10: 48
              The globe is standard))) But I don’t remember any special claims (except of course my share of territories) in other Arctic countries. And immediately, developing Arctic resources also does not seem to be torn.
              The extraction of bioresources with an icebreaker ... I'm afraid to imagine the cost ...
              However, I may be wrong)
            2. +3
              29 May 2020 12: 24
              Let's see the number of icebreakers by country (including ice class tugs):
              RF 37 and some in the project
              Sweden 7, new not planned
              Finland 7, new not planned
              Canada 6, 1 planned
              US 5, 1 planned
              Denmark 4, new not planned
              all others 1.
              Racing icebreakers do not watch.
              1. +2
                4 June 2020 20: 26
                Other countries are building more useful ships: container ships, ro-ro, ferries, bulk carriers. Which of the above has been built in our country over the past 30 years? And this is the basis of the modern merchant marine. They do not build atomic ones because they know how to make diesel engines, and because it is very expensive to operate. 5 years ago, as far as I know, the freight of "Arctic" in the Baltic cost Rosmorport 260 million a month
        2. +5
          29 May 2020 10: 47
          Quote: Hunter 2
          just open the map or take a look at the globe ...

          I always wondered why the equator did not go like this:
          1. 0
            29 May 2020 15: 43
            It would be hot in Leningrad, but the rains would not decrease ... smile
      3. 0
        29 May 2020 10: 54
        Are you serious? Oh well.
      4. 0
        29 May 2020 12: 34
        Yes, but why again about "there are no analogues in the world" if icebreakers are banal to nobody but us?


        Make a mistake, comrade, the battle for the Arctic is just beginning, very soon the line will reach the military icebreakers.
        1. +1
          29 May 2020 13: 38
          Quote: krops777
          very soon and the turn will reach the military icebreakers.

          They are all, one might say, military. Weapons are stored and mothballed ashore until special order. Seats on icebreakers for weapons reserved. By the way, it will be the same with Caliber. Until wartime, they will wait on the shore, which is why they just drag them around in the Arctic.
          1. +3
            29 May 2020 13: 51
            Minus one, open the Internet. Soviet and Russian icebreakers dual-purpose ships!
            1. +3
              29 May 2020 15: 51
              All our ships were sharpened for wartime. My inquisitive comrade in practice in the BMP was interested in: "What is this incomprehensible on the diagram?" The senior mech's answer: "Never mind, these are the military ..."
              1. +1
                29 May 2020 17: 23
                Quote: Motorist
                With us, all ships were sharpened for wartime.

                Yes, like Aeroflot, as a reserve for the Air Force of the USSR Air Force, are subtracted, but for each civilian vessel they didn’t specially stock weapons at the bases.
            2. +2
              29 May 2020 19: 05
              Quote: neri73-r
              Minus one, open the Internet. Soviet and Russian icebreakers dual-purpose ships!

              Not all. For example, "Yamal" constructively no longer had sites for weapons, although dual use was still envisaged.
        2. 0
          29 May 2020 18: 42
          Quote: krops777
          comrade, the battle for the Arctic is just beginning

          The Arctic, of course, but Antarctica should not be discounted ...
      5. +1
        29 May 2020 15: 38
        why ... if icebreakers are trite to nobody but us?

        Well, yes, "it would be better if they gave it to pensioners!" lol
      6. 0
        8 June 2020 07: 31
        Do you even know what ARCTIC means? At least take a look. Chinese cards))) Which are founded, collected, previously from all)))
    2. +4
      29 May 2020 09: 55
      Such rates are encouraging. And this amount in some way explains the absence of "global warming" about which all the fish soup buzzed to us. This means that we have accurate forecasts for the distant future and normal analytics. And ... probably because Rogozin does not drive Rosatom
    3. +1
      29 May 2020 09: 57
      They are not just needed, but vital! Most of the Northern Sea Route lies in our economic zone !!! Yes, and most of the hydrocarbons are in the Arctic! Future generations Work Secured ... and Earnings respectively!
      Quote: Break through
      The Arctic must be mastered. Icebreakers are needed.
    4. 0
      29 May 2020 18: 39
      The virgin lands were "mastered". And where is Celina? This is a diagram.
  2. -24
    29 May 2020 09: 59
    Icebreakers, gas and oil to transport to Japan, Korea, China. Nobody will go along the northern path in the world. Trade with Europe is not so huge. The Chinese, Koreans, saturate Africa with their goods, America, India. The Japanese drive cars to India, they are also right-handed. And in the world there are no analogues, so nobody needs them. Amers have one or 2, so they climb on it only in the ice of Antarctica. In Antarctica, nuclear vessels are prohibited. But these loans will not affect warming in any way? So leave behind huge canals, with water at about 0 degrees, grinding the arctic window. Moreover, even skeptics understand that the warming is going on, and does a lot of harm in our country. They show Moscow should be flooded, almost a tropical typhoon.
  3. 0
    29 May 2020 10: 00
    Well, at least in this direction our country goes ahead of the rest - the truth is due to its geographical location. It may be related to such vessels as anything, but personally my opinion is that this class of vessels should be increased in quantity by 2 times at least, the development of the North and adjacent territories strategically important task for our state! (IMHO)
  4. -7
    29 May 2020 10: 04
    Diesel-electric ships have high requirements for fuel quality. Range limitations due to the difficulty of refueling in the Arctic region make Project 21180 icebreakers less practical and economical.
    Given that the maximum ice thickness for such vessels is not more than 1,7 m, they cannot be exploited, for example, in the central part of the Arctic, where the ice thickness is from 2 to 2,5 m.
    And sediment does not allow effective work at the estuary.
    Are three projects really enough?
    1. +7
      29 May 2020 10: 25
      It is with what joy that diesel electric ships have high requirements for fuel quality? Conventional naval fuel oil or FCM plus a fuel preparation station.
      1. -3
        29 May 2020 10: 56
        Sergey, forget about the NORMAL naval fuel oil; in 2015, new environmental standards for marine fuel came into force.
        There will be new toughening this year.
        1. +6
          29 May 2020 11: 09
          Good, but TSM has not been canceled and it has never been of high quality. It’s just like in the last century: a slop tank, a supply tank, and now fuel treatment stations have appeared, and before that, the people were outraged by the installation of Narva filters. And by the way, "new environmental standards have come into force" are you talking about the sulfur content in the exhaust gases? If so, they have already been circumvented by installing “scrubbers”.
      2. +1
        29 May 2020 15: 58
        Conventional naval fuel oil or TCM

        You are right, but the Polar Code prohibits the use (and even carry) of heavy fuel. request
        1. +1
          29 May 2020 16: 25
          And how long? And then last year, our reef went to Arkhangelsk with fish, and, as usual, FCM and fuel oil were bunkered.
          1. +2
            29 May 2020 17: 43
            The Code itself has been in effect since January 1, 2017. In the Antarctic, the HFO has long been banned by MARPOL, in the Arctic - not yet (again, your truth): "Vessels are encouraged not to carry or use heavy liquid fuel in the Arctic." But I think the ban is not far off.
            1. 0
              29 May 2020 18: 28
              It is unlikely that they will be banned. Too many ships operate on heavy fuel, including those flying the Russian flag. Ours will resist to the last. Either they will make an entry "for ships whose keel has been laid or the contract for the construction of which is concluded on ...... date and later."
              1. +1
                29 May 2020 19: 03
                Time will tell. In my century, IMO has not made a single law in favor of sailors or a shipowner (at least I don’t remember).
  5. +1
    29 May 2020 10: 26
    Have you really broken up with icebreakers?
    While commercial use of the Northern Sea Route is not visible, there is still a limited need for icebreakers to ensure northern delivery and service operations in the North.
    1. +6
      29 May 2020 10: 39
      Quote: Avior
      Have you really broken up with icebreakers?

      Fine. But then no one will angrily ask - "What did you think before?"
      1. -11
        29 May 2020 10: 50
        The Chinese can afford to build icebreakers with unclear prospects of passage to the Arctic, since the Bering Strait is divided between the territorial waters of the Russian Federation and the USA, but Russia can find another use for this money, a lot needs to be built
        1. +3
          29 May 2020 10: 55
          “Find another use for this money”
          Retire to distribute.
        2. +6
          29 May 2020 11: 14
          Quote: Avior
          The Chinese can afford to build icebreakers with unclear prospects of passage to the Arctic, since the Bering Strait is divided between the territorial waters of the Russian Federation and the USA

          Everything is done for the future. Recently, the government approved a plan for the construction of two railway branches - "BelKomur" from Perm, through Komi to Arkhangelsk, with a branch from Belkomur through the junction station. Mikun to Ukhta and Naryan-Mar, where the port infrastructure will be built, where the cargo flows will subsequently be redirected, the transshipment of which goes along the BAM, in which China is very interested and also wants to invest in the construction of these two railway sections, because the transshipment cargo on this route will reduce the delivery time to Europe from 2 weeks to a month. The Chinese have already visited Perm, Syktyvkar and Arkhangelsk to ventilate the situation and offer their services to participate in the project. Well, for the normal functioning of these ports, the new icebreakers will be a good help.
          Quote: Avior
          but Russia can find another use for this money, a lot of things need to be built
          Is improving the infrastructure of the North really a bad investment? North is our land! Infrastructure development will probably stop the outflow of people from these territories and contribute to the fact that people will again reach there. hi
    2. -6
      29 May 2020 11: 24
      For the northern delivery, the icebreakers Lenin and the Arctic were enough, you need to use the summer navigation correctly. And now there is an icebreaker followed by one gas carrier or tanker. Previously, caravans traveled 5-10 ships. And yesterday, the news showed that Putin allocated 240 billion rubles to support Rosneft. There are no such businessmen, oil brings profit all over the world, and we have losses.
    3. -1
      29 May 2020 11: 32
      Quote: Avior
      Have you really broken up with icebreakers?

      Not much, because the Star concluded contracts for +39 super gas carriers of the ice class up to 27 years seem. Promising portfolio up to 35 years 178 ships.
      Although they are ice, they also need to be carried out by someone.
      By the way, three Project 10510 Leaders and three "shallow-draft" icebreakers will be built there on Zvezda.
  6. 0
    29 May 2020 10: 51
    Well, indeed, the author told a story, forgot to add that only Russia has so much ice, and most countries do not need icebreakers
  7. -1
    29 May 2020 11: 52
    And the Arctic is being tested on five or six electric motors. There, like on one winding burned out? Already fixed?
  8. +1
    29 May 2020 11: 55
    The first of them, the Arctic, was laid at the Baltic Plant in 2013, launched in 2016.
    The article would be appropriate if the "Arctic" were adopted in May, as it was planned. And now, with the engine breakdown, it is generally unclear with this series and when they will be put into operation. So there is nothing to rejoice in yet ... between bookmarking and commissioning, as practice shows, there is a big difference
  9. +10
    29 May 2020 13: 12
    As they say, to the heap: In the Arctic for almost two years already two brand new identical "dancing" icebreakers - "Alexander Sannikov" and "Andrey Vilkitsky" of the Aker Arc 130A (IBSV01) project have been working. Both were built without noise and dust at the Vyborg Shipyard and handed over to the customer.
  10. +1
    29 May 2020 14: 05
    Building nuclear and conventional icebreakers is certainly great! But transport vessels are not enough and, most importantly, the conditions for their replenishment are not visible. The trick like with the crabs and trawlers will not work here.!
    Well, there are no profitable quotas for transportation, as for fishing for crab and fish! The wrong "exhaust", and there are no hidden gray schemes for product sales. We build little, slowly and wildly expensive ... Although they are still building!
    I also like the information about the bookmark on the Far East "Star" of a nuclear super icebreaker.
    How will management push the construction of important parts in South Korea ??? There is information on the Internet that the stern with pilothouse, living quarters, engine room and pump station was delivered assembled in a dock from South Korea. I would like the leadership of the country to think ...
    1. +1
      29 May 2020 16: 29
      It is interesting when they say that the Japanese are building ships from the block sections assembled in China - this is supposedly the best practice. When the same thing happens in Germany and Finland, they also admire the insight of the business. And as ours went along this path, at once aaaa propalipolymers.

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