From "Nikolaev" to "Kerch". How BOD of project 1134-B was built, served and departed

37

The main BOD, pr. 1134-B "Nikolaev" in 1973

In February, on the large anti-submarine ship "Kerch" of the Black Sea fleet lowered the naval flag. A few days ago the ship was taken to Inkerman Bay, where its disposal will soon begin. These events put an end to the long and interesting stories ships of project 1134-B "Golden Eagle-B". BODs of this type have served since the early seventies and displayed a flag in the most remote areas, but their time has passed.

Cruiser, air defense and anti-aircraft defense


The history of pr. 1134-B dates back to the fall of 1964, when it was decided to develop a new ocean defense air defense-spacecraft. They decided to build the future BOD, Pr. 1134-A, on the basis of the missile cruiser, Pr. 1134, while maintaining the hull and a number of systems. Subsequently, project 1134-A was successfully brought to construction.



In April 1966, even before the completion of work on pr. 1134-A, the Navy and the Ministry of Industry and Industry launched the development of a new anti-aircraft defense aircraft (subsequently transferred to the BOD class) with other weapons and a gas turbine propulsion system. The development of such a ship was entrusted to the Northern Design Bureau.

In November 1967, the technical project 1134-B "Berkut-B" was approved. By this time, the design organization managed to transfer to the Plant them. 61 Kommunara (Nikolaev, USSR) the main part of the working documentation, and there they were in full swing preparing for the construction. Also the Nikolaev Southern Turbine Plant, which was to supply engines, was preparing for construction.


BOD "Ochakov" in 1982 in the camera lens of the US Navy

Seven units


On June 25, 1968, the ceremony of laying the head BOD, which received the name "Nikolaev", took place. In December of the following year, the ship was launched and sent for completion. In 1970, factory tests began. State tests were carried out in December 1971, and on the last day of the year the fleet accepted the ship. Soon he was introduced into one of the compounds.

The first serial BOD of the new project was Ochakov, which was laid in December 1969 and was built before the spring of 1972. In November 1973, it was accepted by the customer. The third ship of the project, “Kerch”, was laid in the spring of 1971 and handed over at the end of 1974. In the years 1972-75. the ceremony of laying the "Azov", "Petropavlovsk", "Tashkent" and "Tallinn" were held. These ships were handed over at the end of 1975, 1976, 1977 and 1979, respectively.

Thus, from 1968 to 1979, the Nikolaev shipbuilders transferred seven new combat units to the Navy. A new type of BOD was divided between the two fleets. The first four ships remained on the Black Sea - “Nikolaev”, “Ochakov”, “Kerch” and “Azov”. Three others were sent to serve in the Red Banner Pacific Fleet. Later, in 1984, it was decided to strengthen the KTOF anti-submarine forces by transferring the Nikolaev ship from the KChF to them.

Ships in the service


A characteristic feature of BOD pr. 1134-B was high seaworthiness and driving characteristics. All this made it possible to confidently solve the tasks of tracking the probable enemy’s submarines, as well as to work at a great distance from the bases, including in the ocean zone.


Kerch in Sevastopol, 2012. Two years left before the ill-fated repair

"Golden Eagles-B" from the KChF were distributed among several brigades of anti-submarine ships. In the future, their affiliation has repeatedly changed. The fleet's plans included the use of such BODs as part of naval search and strike groups operating in the Black and Mediterranean Seas, as well as in the Atlantic Ocean. Ships repeatedly worked as part of the 5th operational squadron.

The ships for the KTOF were initially distributed among various formations, but in 1979 they were included in the 175th brigade of missile ships of the 10th operational squadron of the Pacific Fleet. In the mid-eighties, new transformations began, as a result of which the Berkut-B changed their place of service. So, in 1985 they were transferred to the 183rd brigade of anti-submarine ships. In 1991, they became part of the 48th division of anti-submarine ships.

The objective of the BOD Pr. 1134-B from the KTOF was to patrol important areas of the Pacific Ocean in order to search for strategic missile carriers of a potential enemy. Soviet naval groups regularly went to sea and organized vigil in probable missile launch areas, including and very remote - all the way to the Philippine Sea. Such a service lasted until the first half of the eighties.

By this time, the likely enemy had received new SSBNs, armed with intercontinental SLBMs, the launch of which could be carried out almost at their own bases. The patrol routes changed dramatically, which then affected the features of the Soviet BOD service. In 1980-85. "Golden Eagles-B" KTOF began to use their anti-submarine capabilities in a different way.


The ship "Azov" in one of the last campaigns, 1988

Now the BODs had to accompany their SSBNs to the areas of combat duty, as well as search and supplant the multi-purpose hunting boats of the likely enemy. In addition, the possibility of carrying out deep modernization of ships was considered, after which they could accompany and protect surface ship groups when working at a great distance from the bases.

Ships in politics


It is worth noting that in the history of the BOD pr. 1134-B service there were not only long trips with the search for submarines, but also more interesting episodes. So, in November 1981, the BOD “Tallinn” crossed the Indian Ocean, where it met with the patrol “Flying”. On November 26-27, an attempted coup d'etat took place in the Republic of Seychelles, after which Soviet ships received orders to arrive in Victoria, evacuate embassy workers and, if necessary, support the legitimate government. Already on November 28, two ships arrived at the specified port.

Local authorities managed to repel the attack and arrest several mercenaries. In December, Tallinn and Flying left the Seychelles for several days, but then returned and remained in Victoria until mid-January 1982. The direct participation of the USSR Navy in the battles was not required, but the arrival of two ships clearly demonstrated the interests of Moscow in the region - and, probably, significantly influenced further events.

Difficult period


In the late eighties, the situation began to change. The Navy made serious plans to modernize the BOD, Pr. 1134-B, but their implementation was in question. In addition, due to political and economic problems, military service exits soon ceased. The future of Berkutov-B has become foggy.


"Petropavlovsk" at sea. US Navy photographer has the opportunity to consider his weapons

In the first years after the collapse of the USSR, only one ship was able to carry out a military campaign - in 1993, “Kerch” solved problems in the Mediterranean Sea. In addition, in 1993-98. several ships of the KChF and KTOF made voyages with friendly visits to foreign ports. However, there was no question of restoring full duty on duty.

In 1987, the head BOD came to Nikolaev for a major overhaul, which took several years. In 1988, the repair of Tashkent began. Due to the collapse of the USSR, the repair of two ships was not completed, and in the fall of 1992 they were completely excluded from the lists of the Navy. In 1994, two BODs were sold to India for cutting metal.

Other problems were encountered by Ochakov, who in 1991 came to the Sevastopol Marine Plant for overhaul. Two years later, a fire broke out on the ship, which required additional restoration work. The repair schedule was revised, and the ship's return to service was moved to the beginning of the two thousandth. However, this did not happen. In 2008, the BOD was taken out of the dock and sent to sediment; in 2011, they lowered the naval flag.

In March 2014, Ochakov participated in a real operation for the last time. "Polite people" flooded the defended ship at the entrance to about. Donuzlav. What contributed to the return of Crimea. Later BOD was picked up and sent for recycling.


"Tashkent" - the sixth BOD series

In the fall of 1992, the BOD Tallinn was renamed Vladivostok. In the summer of 1994, Vladivostok and Petropavlovsk were expelled from the KTOF. In 1996-97 two ships were sold to Indian enterprises for cutting.

In 2000, the penultimate Berkut-B, Azov, was withdrawn from the Navy. This ship completed its journey in Inkerman, where they were disassembled. After that, in the Russian Navy, there was only one BPL, etc. 1134-B, “Kerch”.

The Last Ship


In 2005-2006 “Kerch” underwent regular repairs with the replacement of some units and maintenance of a number of systems. After that, the BOD returned to service and resumed access to the sea. Plans were made for modernization to extend service life.

In the summer of 2014, the ship was again repaired. After its completion, “Kerch” was to become the flagship of the KChF, replacing the “Moscow” missile cruiser, which was waning for repairs. However, on November 4, a major fire occurred on board the BOD, seriously damaging several aft compartments. Inspection of the structures showed inexpediency of restoration; the ship was offered to write off. In the future, it was proposed to convert the BOD into a training or headquarters vessel, but then returned to the disposal plans.

In the summer of 2019, it was announced that in 2020, the Kerch BOD would nevertheless go for recycling. On February 15, 2020, the flag was lowered on the ship. On April 24, under the “Farewell of the Slav” and the long beeps of other Kerch ships, they were brought out of Sevastopol for the last time. Now, Inkerman will carry out work on cutting the ship into metal.


"Tallinn" at the anchorage, 1981. In the same year, the ship helped the Seychelles government

It should be noted that Kerch will still serve the fleet, albeit in an unusual way. In 2016, it became known that gas turbine engines would be removed from the ship and used to repair the Ladny prospect, pr. 1135. This ship will again go to sea in May.

End of an era


The first BOD, pr. 1134-B, was transferred to the fleet at the end of 1971, and at the beginning of 1972 it entered the combat personnel. The last ship began service in 1980. For two decades, the ever-expanding Berkutov-B group has served in various parts of the World Ocean and has been looking for enemy submarines, preparing to prevent an enemy nuclear missile strike or defending its own SSBNs.

However, by the beginning of the nineties the situation had changed dramatically, and in just a few years almost all anti-submarine ships were decommissioned due to the impossibility of repair and full operation. Only one "Berkut-B" survived to our time - however, the fire predetermined its future fate. The era of large anti-submarine ships of project 1134-B came to an end. The last of them will soon be cut into metal.
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  1. +7
    April 29 2020 18: 22
    The era of Soviet ships. Handsome men ... I got up at the last berth ... Correctly naval - I got up against the wall ... It sounds scary. Kerch .. https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=3221225051275471&set=pcb.3221294941268482&type=3&theater&ifg=1
    1. +6
      April 29 2020 18: 38
      Destroyers are melting before our eyes ... what remains? corvettes with eight "calibers" and four torpedoes, which need to be reloaded in the port ... and with a so-so GAS ... silent about engines. awesome surface fleet ...
      1. +3
        April 29 2020 18: 46
        Quote: Dead Day
        Destroyers are melting before our eyes ... what remains? corvettes with eight "calibers" and four torpedoes, which need to be reloaded in the port ... and with a so-so GAS ... silent about engines. awesome surface fleet ...

        I hope for the best ... Russia is great, and without Ukraine, Belarus, the Baltic is weak .. That is all the problems.
        1. +7
          April 29 2020 19: 09
          The interest is purely empirical ... For what are the cons? Where in my words is the word not true? What really Russia became stronger without its European fraternal Soviet republics ???
          1. +6
            April 29 2020 21: 06
            You said it right! Do not pay attention to idiots.
      2. +1
        April 29 2020 21: 20
        Quote: Dead Day
        . what remains?

        проект 22350 request
    2. avg
      +3
      April 29 2020 18: 52
      Yes, for me they are also the most beautiful. And how the turbines "sing" ... The Yankes even took care that during their visits, the local population admired our ships, and against this background they were losing.
    3. +3
      April 29 2020 20: 43
      Quote: 30 vis
      The era ...

      I read with sadness.
      Beautiful. Very beautiful on the go.
      Oddly enough, but by perception, these are some of the most magical images.
      Among the best in our fleet, I would also add the KR PLO of project 1123, RRC of project 58, BOD of project 61, MRK 1134, IPC 204.
      Of today's, only RTOs of project 22800 correspond to the aesthetics of Victory and Beauty.
      I understand that reasoning is subjective ...
      It’s a pity that they were transferred to the Pacific Ocean. It really shortened it from the battle path.
  2. +2
    April 29 2020 18: 47
    I will never forget when they provided the BOD bombing, in the compartments everyone was shaking and a couple of times it was just not a joke.
  3. +8
    April 29 2020 18: 48
    But what was the speed of construction and commissioning! Hmm ...
  4. IC
    +2
    April 29 2020 19: 27
    Powerful beautiful ships. At one time they made a strong impression on the West.
  5. +8
    April 29 2020 19: 42
    He served on "Tashkent", "Tallinn" and "Nikolaev". I consider these ships to be the pinnacle of Soviet military shipbuilding. A very successful series. Graceful appearance, powerful weapons, good habitability. What else was needed to meet the enemy? Compact strike weapons, which our industry could not supply then. True, then they would be called destroyers.
    1. +3
      April 29 2020 21: 14
      I agree with you. The most successful Navy of the USSR Navy. With proper modernization with the replacement of the missile system on the Fort, it would have turned out to be an excellent destroyer of air defense. It is a pity that they built so few. It’s a pity that they couldn’t
      in the 90s worthy of modernization.
      Now these beauties will remain only in the memory of sailors,
      in photographs and television screens.
    2. +3
      April 29 2020 23: 03
      Another miscalculation at the concept level. To create a Universal PU for Termites and Snowstorms was more than real. And some sober-minded such an option offered. But the Gorshkov Cockroaches won.
      1. 0
        April 30 2020 11: 23
        Quote: Cyril G ...
        Another miscalculation at the concept level. To create a Universal PU for Termites and Snowstorms was more than real. And some sober-minded such an option offered. But the Gorshkov Cockroaches won.

        Yes, Gorshkov just wanted a lot of things, but he lacked real power. He maneuvered the whole
        a career between defense ministers and general secretaries. And the latter were incompetent and were
        in missile-anti-submarine delirium.
  6. +3
    April 29 2020 20: 38
    The large anti-submarine ship Kerch and the B-380 diesel-electric submarine Holy Prince George at the Vtormet cutting base in Inkerman. This is how the era passes away.
    1. +4
      April 29 2020 20: 41
      Even in Inkerman, feeling his fate, he looks great!
      1. +4
        April 29 2020 20: 50
        He served his as much as he could even give the turbine.

  7. 0
    April 29 2020 21: 19
    strange that there is no TTX request
    1. +3
      April 29 2020 23: 02
      Displacement full 8565 tons, standard 6700 tons. Length 173,4 meters, width 18,5 meters, draft 5,74 meters. Full speed 32 knots. Cruising range 5200 miles at 20 knots. Autonomy is 30 days for fuel and water reserves, 45 days for provisions. The crew of 429 people (51 officers; 63 midshipmen).
      Powerplant: gas turbine, 92000 hp, 2 screws
      Armament: 2 x 4 missile launchers "Metel", 2 launchers air defense systems "Storm", 2 launchers air defense systems "Osa-M", 2 x 2 76-mm gun mounts AK-726, 4 x 6 30-mm gun mounts AK-630, 2 x 5 533-mm torpedo tubes PTA-53, 2 x 12 RBU-6000, 2 x 6 RBU-1000, 1 Ka-25PL helicopter.
  8. +3
    April 29 2020 21: 23
    This series is one of the most beautiful in the USSR.
    The article does not at all talk about Azov, the only ship carrying 3 air defense systems.
    Well, the fact that the BOD pr. 1134-B could become the basis for the next-generation universal ships, without separation into destroyers and BOD.
    1. +5
      April 29 2020 23: 00
      BOD pr. 1134-B could become the basis for the next-generation universal ships, without separation into destroyers and BOD.


      It is absolutely true, but local non-state interests prevailed. And the ships came out successful and seafaring. In principle, if they began to build a large series of 1134B, then 1155 and 956 would completely lose their meaning. But someone wanted state awards and nishtyakov.

      While the Americans showed a significantly more robust approach. I'm talking about Sprouts. They were built from the 60s, then cruisers of the Ticonderoga type were built in the Spryuans building, and already taking into account their construction, operation and application of steel, Berks were built. They have no zoo for envy.
      1. 0
        April 30 2020 08: 54
        What do you say, the spruce of the first series was as skewed and flat as 1155

        As for 1155 and 956, they thought that the bunch would be more effective than 2 station wagons. It was difficult to make a bet; it turned out that it was difficult to keep two so different ships nearby in constant readiness to put out repairs to the sea and everything in pairs.

        Therefore, the modularity in our fleet is wrecking because a ship with air defense modules will go out to fight against it because they’re either not working or in another warehouse or the crew has recently been decommissioned entirely ...

        Therefore, there should be a multi-purpose ship and not a highly specialized
        Let him be worse than it turns out that he cannot do anything at all.
        1. 0
          April 30 2020 09: 15
          Specialized ships make sense in / and up to 500-600 tons, and THEN too. All that should be more multipurpose.

          I didn't seem to argue about modularity. And Spruance-Tika is an example of a reasonable approach to the operation and construction and saving of "people's" money.
          1. 0
            April 30 2020 09: 47
            Is it tika then saving folk money?

            Why then did arliberka start doing?
            1. +1
              April 30 2020 10: 21
              Of course. For Tika is created in the body and with the mechanisms of Spruence. More truly not so
              Spruence-Kidd-Ticonderoga, and only then, by the 90s, based on 20 years of operating experience, Burke was built. GEM the same LM-2500. Would you like to compare with the creepy Gorshkovsky menagerie of different sizes?
              The line to improve a successful model under construction in large-scale series is clearly traced.
              - Sprouts - 31.
              - Kidd - 4 (Iranian order)
              - Ticonderoga - 27
              - Burke - 60.
              1. 0
                April 30 2020 12: 29
                Exactly the same zoo as it is now. But there is no Gorshkov. Probably all the same, it was not in him
                1. +1
                  April 30 2020 12: 40
                  Founding father so to speak. Everything goes along the rails laid by him. Tirpitzes are absent as a class. Only now everything has become worse. To build a series of ships without understanding the capabilities of the star is a bold minus to fleet specialists and command.
                  1. 0
                    April 30 2020 12: 42
                    Gorshkov is probably to blame again. Uuu from the other world crap.
                    How convenient it is to forget that after the Second World War the United States had the most powerful fleet in the world, the strongest economy and a nuclear bomb.

                    And what we had and we had 0, not even zero, but with many zeros.

                    And for 30 years, the man built knocked out the second fleet in the Second World. And you about
  9. 0
    April 30 2020 07: 27
    And what happened to Ochakov? Chet did not understand
    1. 0
      1 May 2020 13: 44
      Fire. In 1992
  10. 0
    April 30 2020 07: 38
    I’m not afraid of this word, but in my opinion - the most beautiful ships of the USSR Navy! There were .... crying
  11. 0
    April 30 2020 10: 14
    The most beautiful ships at that time, when I saw him from the train car at the entrance to Sevastopol (he went to the sea), I fell in love with this project right away, wanted to get on it to serve, it was November 89th, but was distributed on MT.
  12. 0
    31 May 2020 23: 39
    I never understood why let the ships be scrapped. Replace electronics and weapons - and let them continue to serve. Even the engines can be replaced. Better a modernized destroyer or a frigate there than none.
  13. 0
    4 July 2020 21: 47
    No, I don’t argue - beautiful ships. Large, seaworthy. As a child, he admired them. But ... practically the same armament as that of the BOD pr.1134-A. In theory, the gas turbine plant should have provided savings in weight and dimensions. Rivet your ships with a new power plant in an old hull. But no - "Buki" turned out to be much larger (and more expensive) than "Az-s". with practically the same combat capabilities. So the current zoo has old roots.
  14. +1
    17 July 2020 22: 10
    Such powerful ships were built in 2 - 2,5 years from laying to raising the flag. And now? Lousy corvettes in 2000 - 3000 tons of displacement for 5 - 6 years to build? Thanks to the drunk Borka and the fat pig Egorka!
  15. +2
    17 July 2020 22: 29
    During his work on the BOD 1134 A he was noted at the main complex of the PKK. There, our system stood for the preparation and testing of missile torpedoes. Huge "birds" by board 4, only 8 pieces. in the "armpits". Boards "Kronstadt" and "Admiral Nakhimov". It is a pity that these glorious ships have gone into the past ...
  16. The comment was deleted.

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