What people keep in memory of the war
The closer our Victory Day is, the more letters the editors of the Lipetsk children's newspaper Zolotoy Klyuchik receive from their readers about their heroes. A few months ago, we invited the children to talk about what relics of the war were kept in the families of the residents of the region. The stock was born (although the word is completely inappropriate) “Front relic”. Because it’s not an action, but a great desire to remember what was done 75 years ago.
Letters came and come. Flow, a few dozen a day. We publish, although everything, of course, cannot be found on the pages of a children's newspaper.
I am sharing with you, dear readers of Military Review.
Button
In every family there are memorable and dear to the heart things inherited from previous generations. Our family also has a thing that is dear to us and we carefully store it.
I, like all girls, really love jewelry. And I find every way that my grandmother showed me a box with them. I would like to touch beads, bracelets, earrings and ringlets faster. But there is one inconspicuous little thing in our casket - a bag with a button. An ordinary, unsightly button. I did not understand before how she was generally honored to live in this jewelry box.
But grandmother Galya always carefully takes it out of the bag and examines it, as if she saw her for the first time, and then just as neatly put it back, as if afraid to break it. And it didn’t even occur to me to consider it, I was busy with more beautiful things.
Once I could not stand it and said: “Grandma, why are you looking at this button, because it is ugly and old?” My grandmother looked at me and affectionately said that this ugly and old button is more expensive than all the jewelry that is stored in the box. This button from the quilted jacket of the great-great-grandfather who died at the front.
My great-great-grandfather, Markovin Petr Markovich, lived in the Ryazan region, the village of Kuzminka. He was a Red Army soldier, served in a mortar battalion. And he died in the Smolensk region on April 7, 1943.
Now I look differently at this inconspicuous button ...
Alina Kulygina, a student of the gymnasium No. 1 of Lebedyan.
Twenty year commander
Masha Mukovnina, third-grader of Lipetsk gymnasium No. 69, spoke about the photograph of her great-grandfather.
“Anatoly Alekseevich Tagiltsev returned from the war as a hero, medals and orders shone on the gymnast. Here story only one award - the Order of Alexander Nevsky.
The battalion of Anatoly Alekseevich approached the Oder. By this time Tagiltsev had come a long and difficult path. He participated in the liberation of Soviet and Polish cities, was seriously injured. And now - a new task. Anatoly Alekseevich had with his company to force the river, seize the bridgehead and ensure the crossing of other parts.
The Germans noticed them, when no more than ten meters were left to the coast, they opened fire. The sappers of Tagiltsev, under the cover of their machine guns, were the first to reach the barbed wire and managed to make passages for machine gunners. Grenades flew into the front trenches of the Nazis, fighters mowed down enemies from rifles and machine guns. But the company itself was thinning: out of 120 people, 40 remained alive ... Soon reinforcements approached, the battle broke out with renewed vigor, and by morning the Germans moved Tanks. The commanders of the first and second companies died, so Anatoly Alekseevich took command of the combined forces.
The Germans launched another attack, but, fortunately, our reinforcements arrived. The task was completed.
Anatoly Alekseevich went into battle as a senior lieutenant, and returned as a battalion commander.
Fifteen years ago, in the Topchikhinsky district of the Altai Territory, in the small homeland of Anatoly Alekseevich, on the building of the chapel of Alexander Nevsky, a memorial plaque was opened to veterans of the Great Patriotic War. There is also a surname Tagiltsev.
Anatoly Alekseevich lived for many more years. And he worked as a judge in the city of Mud. ”
80 years without a trace
And this is one of the publications of the newspaper "School Vector", which is published by students of a school in the village of Bolshoy Samovets, Gryazinsky District. She was sent by the school teacher and editor-in-chief of the newspaper Nadezhda Kostereva.
“My great-grandmother once said that her dad went missing at the front. At that time she was very young. And she only remembered how he carried her in his arms when he was escorted to the war.
A few months later the family received a notice that Vasily Fedoseevich Pechenkin was missing. For a long time, relatives kept a yellowed photograph of a soldier sent from near Bryansk. This is the only thing that remains of his family.
And recently a very important event for our family has happened. The great-grandmother was informed that in the Bryansk region there was a trace of her father Vasily Fedoseevich, whose fate had not been known for almost 80 years! In October 2018, the search unit "Bryansk Front" discovered a funnel, and in it - the remains of four Soviet soldiers. Vasily Fedoseevich was identified by the initials scratched on the soldier's bowler hat.
Almost a year ago, in the distant village of Golubei, Bryansk region, the remains of twenty-five fighters found were reburied, among them was Vasily Fedoseevich. "
Lyosha Sokryukin,
fifth grader of the village of Bolshoy Samovets, Gryazinsky district.
The Bolgov family stores the things of a fighter Markin
The Bolgov family from the village of Terbuny stores the belongings of the deceased fighter Markin, who during the years of the war defended the terbun land.
The head of the Bolgov family, Gennady Alexandrovich, and son Sasha have been in the Lipetsk Expeditionary Club “Neunyvaki” named after Vladislav Shiryaev for several years. They participate in the search for fighters who fought in the Terbunsky and Volovsky district.
Last summer, they returned from an expedition that took place near the village of Vershina, Terbunsky District.
In one of the last expeditions, search engines found an aluminum spoon, on the handle of which there was an inscription: “Markin”. Next they dug a round iron pot - also with a surname. Then they lifted up the fighter’s remains and his belongings: a glass flask, cartridge pouches, a toothbrush, a penknife, a chemical pencil, a nipple, a Mosin rifle case, pieces of a belt, buckles, buttons, one boot. Found and the locket, unfortunately, is empty. But the surname, written on a spoon and a bowler hat, made it possible through the archives to find out the fate of a soldier.
Alexander Kasyanovich Markin was born in 1909 in the village of Pochinki, Penza Region. And he died on August 15, 1942 on our Terbunsky land. The search for Markin's relatives did not give a result; his trace was lost. The remains of a soldier were reburied at the Terbunsky Frontier memorial complex. And personal belongings are now kept by the Bolgov family.
In captivity
This letter was sent by Yaroslav Buneev, a student of Lipetsk gymnasium No. 69.
“I heard a lot about the war from my parents and grandmothers, but I remembered one story especially well. This is the story of the war years of my great-grandmother, Natalya Vasilyevna Kuznetsova.
She was born in 1923 in the village of Krutye Khutor of the Lipetsk region. She studied at a rural school and graduated from eight classes, and then went to Rostov to continue her studies. This time fell at the beginning of the war. The city of Rostov-on-Don was twice occupied by the Germans. During the second capture of the 42nd year, the inhabitants of Rostov were shot and taken prisoner, and my great-grandmother and many others were taken to Germany. There they were laborers at the Schroeder factory, and the number of the prisoner was knocked out on each hand. They were beaten, starved, fed with slops with worms, in those difficult times only the strong in spirit survived.
Two years later, one of the Germans came to the factory to select a worker for her farm. She liked my great-grandmother Natasha. So she became a servant in the Frau family. While caring for pigs, she sneaked a meal for pigs because they fed animals better than prisoners. The first time she worked on a farm, a German woman tried to provoke my grandmother to steal, deliberately leaving her valuables and money in a prominent place. Great-grandmother Natasha was not a thief.
Once a German woman saw her grandmother secretly eating with pigs, and since then, Frau began to feed her maid better than animals. Grandmother Natasha very skillfully crocheted and knitted many beautiful tablecloths for the German woman.
She worked as a servant until the Soviet soldiers began to free the German prisoners. All this time, the great-grandmother lived in old huts built in lowlands or ravines. And in April of the 45th year, Soviet prisoners of war in Germany were released and sent to their homeland. My great-grandmother Natasha finally returned home.
The post-war years began. In the 47th year, she married a fellow villager, my great-grandfather Ivan. In memory of the past there was only an archival certificate stating that the great-grandmother was held captive by the Germans from September 1942 to April 1945.
I don’t remember her at all, I was 5 years old when my great-grandmother died. But from the stories of my family, I know that this is a great hard worker, a strong and cheerful person. "
Another story of the prisoner - Alexei Tikhonovich Zubarev. She was told by Andrei Luchnikov, fourth grader of Lipetsk school number 41.
“In 1941, my great-grandfather, Alexei Tikhonovich Zubarev, was only 20 years old. He got to the front with such a young guy.
Great-grandfather fought in the infantry. Liberating Belarus, he was shell-shocked in a heavy battle. Woke up already in the prisoner of war camp.
Life here was unbearable: cold and hunger. They fed the soldiers water in which sawdust floated. The prisoners were bullied and beaten. Once, a German officer took my grandfather out to the ranks of soldiers and began a demonstration beating. My great-grandfather even lost his hearing, after which he received a disability. Saved Zubarev from death in German captivity that he was exiled to agricultural work. For this, the soldiers were transferred to a farm located in Lithuania. There, food for the prisoners was the ears that the hungry soldiers ate.
After some time, the captives were liberated by the advancing units of our Army. My great-grandfather was in the hospital, and then returned to the front again. May 1945 he met in Berlin. For bravery, endurance and courage in battles with the Nazi invaders, he was awarded the George Zhukov Medal. We keep this medal in our family. "
"Take me!.."
About her great-grandmother, Zoe Ivanovna Kharitonova, wrote Polina Kuleshova, a student of the school in the village of Panino, Doyurovsky district.
"Zoya Ivanovna was born in the village of Rudaevka, Voronezh region. The war began for her in July 1942, when her native village was occupied by the Nazis.
In 1943, seventeen-year-old Zoya Lyapunova volunteered for the front along with five of the same fighting girls from her village. They were taken by the orderlies. After taking the oath, Zoe and fifteen other girls were placed at the disposal of 19 auto-rotations. They were given cotton trousers, overcoats, 42nd-size boots with studded soles, they were introduced to all the rules of first aid, and they assigned a car and a half to each nurse.
Throughout the war, Zoya Ivanovna carried wounded soldiers from the battlefields, took them out of the front line. She told how the wounded ferried across the Vistula. And one day they brought them in the evening and only sent a ferry, as planes with a fascist swastika, similar to black spiders, appeared over the horizon. The bombing began and lasted until the morning. They were lucky, the ferry safely crossed the river. Zoya Ivanovna, together with everyone, took refuge in the trenches. But the planes of one echelon barely finished the bombing, others flew in. They bombed even at night in the light of spotlights, which the Nazis attached to the aircraft. The bombing lasted a month.
In March 1943, when the second month of the girl’s military service was going on, the Nazis launched a counterattack near Kharkov and pressed our troops. The enemy was twenty kilometers from Lozova, where Zoya Ivanovna was. An order was received for the immediate evacuation of the wounded from the hospital. It was necessary to take them all out in six cars. She recalled how she loaded her lorry and wanted to hit the road, but suddenly she saw a guy crawling along the hospital corridor whose legs were amputated and asked: “Take me, I want to live too.” She picked it up on her back and carried it to the car. Put in the cab with the driver, she, as always, sat in the back of the truck. They were not supposed to ride in the cockpit. And they went to their destination. On the road, they saw an armored car with soldiers who told them that the enemy had bypassed Lozova and was in front.
From the environment were selected on the road. In one place, the car landed aboard. Together with the driver, I had to transfer the wounded to a nearby village. And then with the help of local residents put a lorry on wheels. We continued on at night with the headlights off. The wounded groaned, and the nurse Zoya Ivanovna reassured them. She looked after them, did dressings, encouraged. Only in the morning did we get to ours.
For the safe exit from the environment and the courage shown in saving the wounded, the brave nurse was awarded the medal "For Military Merit." She did not have to retreat anymore. Until the victorious day she spent on the offensive. Zoya Ivanovna was on the Southwestern Front, on the I and II Ukrainian fronts, in Poland, and reached Berlin. On one of their May days, they arrived at the walls of the Reichstag in their native sanitary lorry. All the walls there were covered with our soldiers. Then they pulled out a ladder, and almost under the ceiling of the first floor with charcoal, Zoya Ivanovna led out on the wall: "There was a fighter of 19 Sanrot Lyapunov’s presence here."
In July 1945, she returned to her native village. In August of that year, she entered a medical school in the city of Rossosh. And then she got married and, by the will of fate, ended up with her husband in the village of Dobroe, where she worked for 32 years. First, the midwife in the hospital, and when he was disbanded, she went to work in the district hospital. "
Purse
The old purse is kept by the Orlov family from Lipetsk. Here is a letter from Gleb Orlov, a student at Lyceum No. 3.
“Dmitry Nikitovich Shestopalov was called up for war in 1941. He was a driver in a car carrying ammunition. One day they began shelling from the air. The soldiers began to dig in. My grandfather was injured. Three fragments hit him. After the shelling, he himself pulled two fragments from his leg, and the third remained in his thigh for life.
Grandfather had a purse with documents. During the shelling it lay in a jacket on the ground. He was pierced through by a fragment. This purse is stored at our place.
In 1941, in an unequal battle, the grandfather detachment was defeated, and they were captured. After his release, he continued to fight. In 1946 he returned home and for some time served in public service. Grandfather was awarded the medals that are now stored in our home.
Grandfather lived a long life. He was a respected man at the state farm of the Tambov region. A good memory of him was preserved among the villagers and numerous relatives. ”
Kind, long memory to all who defended our land! Thanks!
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