Automatic Impact Robots: Project Outline

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Automatic Impact Robots: Project Outline

It turned out to be not so easy to choose a photo for your extravagant idea. But, in general, what I intended is most similar to the T-85 MLRS developed in Thailand, only a concrete body, instead of tracks, augers, and instead of a launcher, a manipulator with a cartridge loaded with rockets

In a boring time of the coronavirus epidemic, what else can you think about, if not about future wars and weapons intended for them? No disease will stop this ancient occupation of mankind, and if so, then new ideas in the field of weapons will also come in handy.

Automatic drums Robots — this is my concept, which took shape piece by piece for several years. It differs sharply from what is usually offered in military robotics, and differs in this way. Let me remind you of my idea, which has already been expressed more than once, that weapon one end is associated with battle tactics, and the other end is related to industry. This idea is also suitable for analysis, for example, in an article about BMP-1, when it was necessary to identify the tactics under which this machine was created. It is also suitable for creating concepts for new military equipment.



Most often, equipment and weapons are designed from the tactical end. This is a well-known desire to obtain equipment with higher tactical and technical characteristics. The military put forward requirements for performance characteristics, and designers and industry must contrive to make it. This is one of the most compelling reasons for the inhibition of the development of military equipment when the wishes of the military go beyond what is realized in metal or when the requirements are contradictory and there is not enough ingenuity to combine them in development.

But you can, after all, create technology from the industrial end. A model is being made that the industry can produce easily and simply, in-line, with acceptable characteristics, not necessarily outstanding. A typical representative of such products is the STEN submachine gun, in which the main requirement was the simplicity of design and production. Not the best was this submachine gun, but they produced it decently.

So automatic shock robots can be designed in the same way, from the simplicity of production. The simplicity of production allows the production of such machines in-line and flood them with a theater. The goal is mass. The mass nature of automatic and autonomous robots dictates a fairly simple tactic. Either it simply collapses with the whole mass and destroys the enemy due to a sharp superiority in numbers, or simply beat it without stopping until the enemy is destroyed or runs. In the operational-tactical sense, this is the realization of the slogan: "Fight not with people, but with iron," but in a strategic sense it is a direct exchange of industrial potential for the mobilization potential of the enemy. Automatic shock robots need a fully or highly automated industry, and then you can fight and knock down an enemy with an incomparably large mobilization potential, for example, a country like China.

I will not describe in detail the whole chain of thoughts that led to this concept, but I will immediately outline its essence. An automatic shock robot is a fully autonomous crewless machine that can move independently, find targets and fire at them, replenish ammunition and refuel. That is, in addition to purely combat missions, the robot must be able to perform a number of transport and supply functions, which are also part of the fighting.

Shell


The main thing in any combat vehicle is what it hits the enemy with, that is, a shell. The projectile should be at the same time as simple as possible in design and efficient. Only one type of ammunition meets these criteria - a missile. After some thought and comparison, I took the Type 107 75-mm projectile as ammunition. The Chinese model, obviously, came from German rockets during the war, only Chinese designers reduced it in size and caliber, making it more compact and convenient. It does not require a launcher, and even more difficult to manufacture a gun barrel.


The prototype of the projectile is a 107-mm Type 63 missile. It’s hardly easier to come up with

Now improvements to this ammunition. Metal for the warhead and combustion chamber - to hell. Both must be made of concrete or silicalcite. Concrete pipes of the corresponding diameter of about 100 mm and a length of up to 4 meters are manufactured on automated lines, for example, СМА-256. In a similar way, you can create an automatic machine for forming conical head parts. It is possible to make a nozzle washer out of concrete, and a connection of the head part with the combustion chamber, so that in the whole projectile there can be only one metal part - a fuse socket, the size of which is slightly larger than the nut.

The search for the most technologically advanced rocket fuel and explosives led me to an interesting option - ammonium dinitramide. It can be used both as explosives, slightly inferior to TNT, and as a component of rocket fuel. There is an interesting Swedish patent of 2005, in which formulations of liquid monobasic rocket fuels are given. For example: 61% ammonium dinitramide, 11,3% ethanol and 27,7% water or 62% ammonium dinitramide, 12,5% ​​ethylene glycol and 25,4% water. It is believed that the addition of polyethylene glycol can make this liquid rocket fuel solid or gel, which will allow it to be used in rockets.

Ammonium dinitramide melts at 92 degrees C, which allows it to be poured into the warhead as TNT. In addition, the production process allows you to get this substance in a mixture with ammonium nitrate, that is, a finished mixed explosive.

Using the same substance as an explosive and oxidizing agent is a great technological advantage that simplifies the entire ammunition production cycle.

Concrete auger


For the projectile you need a car that will transport them and will shoot them. What it is? First of all, it is a screw conveyor, as the most passable and suitable type of equipment for all terrain. The auger also makes it possible to simplify the chassis design as much as possible: four bearings and a transmission with transmission to two augers. Easier can hardly be imagined.

Secondly, the body of the machine is concrete or silicalcite reinforced with reinforcement. One part of it is a kind of “soap box”, which includes embedded parts for installing screws, transmissions, engine mounts and other equipment, as well as connecting elements. This is, in fact, a boat that creates buoyancy cars. The upper part of the case is a block of protective-enclosing structures, also of reinforced concrete or silicalcite, which are connected by embedded parts to the lower part of the case and "monolithic" with it. The technology is taken from block housing construction. They protect the car from enemy fire. In general, protection is not an absolute priority; a wrecked car can be disassembled and used parts suitable for repair or construction of a new one.

Thirdly, the layout. The engine, transmission and current generator are in the lower part of the stern, the fuel tank in the housing between the screws (it does not have to be steel, it can just be a recess in the lower part of the body, closed with a stove top and sealed with polymer), a computer in the front of the body, protected by a steel casing and protective enclosing structures, the thickest in the frontal part and front of the casing. Here is the battery. The compartment for shells is centered in the upper part of the body, in which the shells are stacked in a dense stack.

The engine is rotary, in which the role of the pistons is played by the trihedral rotor rotating inside the cylinder of a special shape. Good idea of ​​the German designers Walter Freude and Felix Wankel. It is the most compact and powerful internal combustion engine. Modern models with a volume of 1,3 liters give 250 “horses”, which is quite enough for an impact robot.


Rotary engine - a miracle of German technology

The engine is very torquey, due to the fact that it gives out power for three quarters of a revolution of the shaft. It has much fewer parts than a piston engine, and the task of processing a complex cylinder can be solved by an automated processing complex or injection molding, if the cylinder is made of silumin.

Such an engine can run on gasoline or ethanol, which is more preferred. The same substance as a motor fuel and a component of rocket fuel is an important technological advantage.

How does it shoot?


Very simple. The shells are packed in cassettes, welded from steel strips, four shells per cartridge. The weight of the equipped cartridge is about 100 kg. Shells are released from this cartridge, which is simultaneously guides for them.

Cassettes are lifted from the ammunition by a special manipulator, similar in design to industrial manipulators.


Industrial manipulator at work. They are not made for battle conditions, but manipulators are not so difficult to adapt to this. It can be fully electric, and can also be protected by an armored casing.

This manipulator must lift the loaded cartridge, ensure stability during start-up, be protected from the effects of a jet stream, as well as damage by bullets and fragments. The degree of freedom of the manipulator should be such that without any difficulties take any cartridge from the ammunition compartment, and also, after firing shells, take the cartridge outside the vehicle’s overall dimensions and drop it to the ground. Also, the manipulator must have a sufficient reach beyond the size of the machine in order to be able to reload cartridges from another machine or truck, as well as from a stack on the ground. Guidance in azimuth and elevation is carried out by changing the position of the manipulator, for which it is equipped with rotary mechanisms. This will allow shells to fire direct fire, on a flat or mounted trajectory.

If enemy fire was shot down or damaged by a manipulator, the machine can act as a transport machine, distributing cartridges with shells to other robots.

Control, navigation and aiming


Autonomous shock robot is controlled automatically, offline. The basis of management is a digital map of the theater of operations, pre-compiled and loaded into the memory of the machine. The map is compiled according to the Earth’s remote sensing data, it indicates the areas accessible for the movement of cars, as well as the main data characterizing the available areas: roads and lanes for movement, their length, direction and width, slopes of roads and terrain, main obstacles, etc. . data. When constructing a route, the robot primarily uses electronic map data.


A typical example of an electronic map is a three-dimensional terrain model. The robot does not need to spend computing power on building visualization, it will perfectly manage the digital database

The robot is also equipped with a gyrocompass for determining the azimuth of movement, pitch and roll angle sensors, a positioning system either by satellite signal, or before triangulating the direction to the beacons. An additional navigation system is dead reckoning, which on the earth will be quite accurate. For direct observation of the traffic situation - laser range finders searching for obstacles and measuring the dimensions of the passage in the front and rear of the machine.

For aiming, a matrix thermal imager is used with a resolution that allows you to classify targets by temperature (a person, a machine with a working engine, a flash of a shot), as well as infrared sensors to detect targets near. You can also install an acoustic system to detect the location of the shot. For aiming, external target designation commands can be used, which are transmitted over the air via short messages, for example, the tactical number of a machine or unit, command code, coordinates and type of target.

An infrared laser rangefinder is used to communicate between machines and recognize their own. Their cars are recognized by reflectors (which is necessary to maintain intervals of movement and combat order), as well as by scanning a tactical barcode or QR code printed on the side of the car.

I will confine myself to a brief description of the main percussion machine, without a special deepening in the technical details. But this is not the whole concept, of course. It includes a number of ideas related to the automatic production of machinery, ammunition, fuel, automatic transport from automatic plants to theater of operations, as well as aviation reconnaissance and cover, also automatic.

There must be a lot of fighting robots. As a rule, they should act with lava, sweeping away the enemy with fire. Losses do not matter; no matter how much the enemy knocks out or damages robots, others will replace them and repeat the attack, until the moment when there is nothing left of the enemy.
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  1. sen
    +2
    April 18 2020 06: 21
    Secondly, the machine body is concrete

    Seriously!?
    1. +4
      April 18 2020 09: 15
      Concrete can really provide no less protection than modern types of composite armor.

      True, it will be no less expensive and no less difficult to manufacture. But at the same time it will have more weight and, more importantly, volume / thickness

      So there really isn’t much point. Concrete will only make the project more expensive.
      Similarly for the manipulator .. He will make the project more expensive.
      Similarly for turbojet PCs, they will make the project more expensive
      Similar to rotary engine
      Similarly, for screws that will have to be changed very often, they will also require increased fuel consumption
      Similar to autonomy requirements
      Similar to required sensors


      In short, all this will be a very expensive pleasure.
      1. +2
        April 18 2020 19: 48
        Comrade Shovels, and now I will prove to you that your brains are broken. Concrete cannot cost more than steel in any weather.
        The current cost of a cube of concrete is 2500-2700 rubles.
        How much does a cube of steel cost? Sheet per sq. meter and a thickness of 50 mm, in a stack a meter high (that is, a cubic meter) - 20 sheets. The cost of each is 18,5 thousand rubles. Total - 370 thousand rubles. You made a mistake with your rating 148 times!
        And all the rest of your assessments are as accurate and objective as this one.

        Accept the assurances of perfect respect to you.
        1. +3
          April 18 2020 20: 06
          Quote: wehr
          Comrade Shovels, and now I will prove to you that your brains are broken. Concrete cannot cost more than steel in any weather.

          And who told you that modern armor consists only of steel? laughing
          And in order for concrete to have the same degree of protection as modern armor, very expensive elements will have to be added to it. Up to depleted uranium, like the Americans.
          And make such concrete layered
          And what is the output?
          My brains are not broken ... And it’s not in my brains, but in the fact that some people have zero knowledge in the field of equipment
          1. 0
            April 18 2020 20: 25
            Have you read somewhere that I suggested making concrete protection equivalent to steel? Of course not. There is no such thing in the article. And I’ll also explain that protection against bullets, fragments and small-caliber shells is sufficient, in fact from accidental hits.
            Since there is no such statement in my article, then you, comrade. Lopatin, argue with voices in your head.
            1. +2
              April 18 2020 20: 56
              Quote: wehr
              enough protection against bullets, fragments and small-caliber shells

              Is the shell of the 25-mm "Bushmaster" small-caliber in your opinion?
              He punches 16 inches of reinforced concrete. 40 centimeters.

              That is, a square meter of reinforced concrete armor protecting against a "small-caliber cannon" will weigh at least a ton.

              How much will your misunderstanding weigh, and for how many tens of meters will the screw spiral be erased when moving on asphalt or concrete because of this weight?


              Quote: wehr
              You, comrade Lopatin, argue with voices in your head.

              These voices are common sense. And I do not argue with them.
              laughing
              1. 0
                April 18 2020 21: 38
                You are precisely arguing with the voices in your head, attributing to me what I did not state. Not the first time, by the way.

                Well, shooter M2 made a successful shot and hit. This will be his last successful shot, as other robots will focus their fire on him. No matter how good the M2 is, a dozen hits by rockets will turn it into scrap metal.
                1. 0
                  April 19 2020 08: 28
                  Quote: wehr
                  Well, shooter M2 made a successful shot and hit. This will be his last successful shot, as other robots will focus their fire on him.

                  Well concentrated, so what?
                  First of all, Bradleys don't ride one at a time either. And the shooting by four machines of a platoon of sedentary augers is rather entertainment.
                  Second, an unlikely direct hit is needed, and the Bradley's fragments are protected.


                  Quote: wehr
                  You are precisely arguing with the voices in your head, attributing to me what I did not state. Not the first time, by the way.

                  Do you refuse your words that the misunderstanding will be made of concrete? Do you refuse your words about providing protection against small-caliber guns?
                  1. +1
                    April 19 2020 10: 56
                    The plot of the augers is only dirt and wetlands, that is, places with low soil density. In addition, the auger is extremely harmful to nature, seriously damaging the soil in its path. On the asphalt, the car immediately begins to lead to the side, and the screws will quickly collapse, spoiling the road surface.
                    In the swamp and in the mud, the caterpillar gives way to the auger in cross-country ability, but in any other place it surpasses the augers. Speed, durability.

                    Question - why does the robot need armor at all?
                    The strength of robots is mass, you are absolutely right. Therefore, they should be as cheap as possible.
                    A five-millimeter layer of the cheapest steel as a body on top of the welded frame of steel pipes will be cheaper than concrete and sufficient. And cheap paint to protect against corrosion and masking. In addition, such a robot will be lighter than concrete, which will affect cross-country ability.
                    1. -1
                      April 19 2020 12: 11
                      Quote: Shurik70
                      Question - why does the robot need armor at all?

                      So that an expensive robot (not cheap to make it) lasted more than a minute on the battlefield
                      1. -1
                        April 19 2020 12: 26
                        A dozen centimeters of concrete can stop a pistol bullet.
                        But who will use the artillery robot at pistol distances. Hollow will be from afar. So the counteraction will be large-caliber shells and missiles. And from them a dozen centimeters of concrete is useless. And to measure the thickness of the armor with meters - an expensive robot will turn out, and patency is close to zero.
                      2. 0
                        April 19 2020 12: 43
                        Quote: Shurik70
                        But who will use the artillery robot at pistol distances.

                        In the version of the author, have to.
                        Cheapness has an unpleasant property. It reduces accuracy. What forces to reduce the distance.
                    2. 0
                      April 19 2020 13: 26
                      Well, caterpillar. Let’s imagine a situation when a caterpillar has flown away (this happens on soft soils), or it was interrupted by a shell or a mine. And what do you propose to do? There is no crew. There are no repairmen either. Machines operate automatically and without people.

                      Not to mention the many details that make up any track.
                  2. 0
                    April 19 2020 14: 34
                    And what, “Bradley” is absolutely invulnerable to the shock wave? And the shock wave does not touch him either? The projectile contains 1,26 kg of explosives, that is, its high-explosive effect is very good.

                    That's all for you. Superficially, shallowly, without taking into account all factors, in a word, "sphero-conical in a vacuum."
                    1. +1
                      April 19 2020 15: 37
                      Quote: wehr
                      And what, “Bradley” is absolutely invulnerable to the shock wave?

                      You will still get at least next to it with turbojet ammunition. Without measuring wind parameters with an expensive sensor, without normal guides with an expensive positioning system.
                      Yes, and the PCs themselves, the more precisely, the more expensive because of the inclined nozzles, which generally need to be drilled with precision accuracy

                      Quote: wehr
                      Superficially, shallowly, without taking into account all factors, in a word, "sphero-conical in a vacuum."

                      Gold words.
                      laughing laughing laughing
                      Here you will agree, you did not even think about the possible weight of your miracle armor.
                      1. 0
                        April 19 2020 19: 18
                        What for? Volley and from a distance closer.

                        What for? It is necessary to fight with a number, and not with miracle armor.
                      2. 0
                        April 19 2020 19: 22
                        Quote: wehr
                        What for? Volley and from a distance closer.

                        First, you still need to get to the volley.
                        Secondly, in the salvo to where it is necessary, only the first RS flies. And then you have to apply measures to reduce the dispersion of MS in a salvo.
                      3. 0
                        April 19 2020 19: 25
                        A volley of several cars for one target.
                      4. 0
                        April 19 2020 19: 33
                        Quote: wehr
                        A volley of several cars for one target.

                        Firstly, not a few, but a dozen. Best case scenario.
                        Secondly, it will be impossible to synchronize.
                      5. +1
                        April 19 2020 22: 40
                        Ten, two, three ...
                        This is a battle to exhaust the ammunition, endurance, physical strength and psychological stability of the enemy. No matter how trained he is, he will soon be shell-shocked by close tears, burn away from gunpowder gases, exhausted by continuous battle and onslaught. And he will become a victim of gray boxes, ruthless, soulless, insane, knowing neither fear, nor pity, nor mercy.
                        The ideal of total war.
                      6. 0
                        April 20 2020 14: 41
                        Quote: wehr
                        Ten, two, three ...
                        This is a battle for the exhaustion of ammunition, endurance, physical strength and psychological stability of the enemy

                        In this case, infantry fighting vehicles shooting inactive mobile rovers will definitely defeat
          2. -1
            April 20 2020 11: 06
            Quote: Spade
            And who told you that modern armor consists only of steel?

            Not only. It consists of materials even more expensive than steel)
            1. 0
              April 20 2020 14: 43
              Quote: Mikhail3
              Not only. It consists of materials even more expensive than steel)

              Exactly. Because the weight.
              Attempts to solve the problem of protection against modern means of destruction with homogeneous armor take weight beyond the limits of adequacy
              1. -2
                April 20 2020 14: 49
                The author's idea is to protect the car only from accidental fragments and bullets. The device just needs to be so cheap that losing it won't affect the bottom line. That's all. The principle of "Liberty", only you do not lose people. Whoever has the industry can release more robots per unit of time won. And you still haven't got it?)
                1. 0
                  April 20 2020 14: 52
                  Quote: Mikhail3
                  The idea of ​​the author is that it is necessary to protect the car only from random fragments and bullets.

                  This is unrealistic for a chenokhod.
                  1. -2
                    April 20 2020 15: 40
                    Why? It is impossible to wind a tin tape on a pipe from the sewerage? While it is beaten with fragments (the screw is almost entirely underground, the shield is dragged from above), a lot of time will pass. Survival in battle will be no more than that of a tank, at disparate costs. This thing will have a height of about half a meter, or even less, go hit.
                    1. +1
                      April 20 2020 15: 47
                      Quote: Mikhail3
                      Why? It is impossible to wind a tin tape on a pipe from the sewerage? While it is beaten with fragments (the screw is almost entirely underground, the shield is dragged from above), a lot of time will pass.

                      She herself will be erased much faster.
                      But it's about something else.
                      About the speed of shenekokhodov. Which makes it so that there will be no "accidental fragments and bullets".
                      Will be intentional.

                      Or normal protection, or high mobility.
                      1. -3
                        April 20 2020 15: 50
                        A disguise on the battlefield is not taken into account? Soldiers crawling in vain, right? And the same tanks, they are on the battlefield, pitted with trenches, craters, crevices, special obstacles, at what speed are they moving? Most of these obstacles, by the way, are not an obstacle for the auger. A crawler has to crawl a few hundred meters in total. Disposable gizmos, brought to the battlefield, used, and all. Your objections are all more helpless and helpless. Pride tears the soul?))
                      2. 0
                        April 20 2020 15: 54
                        Quote: Mikhail3
                        A disguise on the battlefield is not taken into account?

                        No, not taken into account
                        These are robots. Moreover, autonomous.

                        Quote: Mikhail3
                        And the same tanks, they are on the battlefield, pitted with trenches, craters, crevices, special obstacles, at what speed are they moving?

                        Here the author the other day powerfully hysteria about the same security of a concrete robot as a tank.

                        Quote: Mikhail3
                        A crawler has to crawl a few hundred meters in total.

                        From the starting line to the place where it will be destroyed?
                        I agree.
                      3. -2
                        April 20 2020 16: 05
                        Quote: Spade
                        No, not taken into account
                        These are robots. Moreover, autonomous.

                        This is a robot HALF and lower. Alas, it became uninteresting.
                      4. 0
                        April 20 2020 16: 08
                        Quote: Mikhail3
                        This is a robot HALF and lower

                        This is a robot more than two meters high.
                        Do not forget. it's a Shenekokhod. The smaller the screw diameter, the smaller the "contact patch". That is, less cross-country ability
                      5. -1
                        April 20 2020 16: 09
                        His goal is to spoil the idea, if not his own, so that either it would not be at all, or then it could be stolen and passed off as his own.
                        So he tries, not understanding how he looks at the same time.
        2. 0
          April 18 2020 22: 15
          Interesting ideas. But Lopatov is right. How much will all this cost in RUSSIA ?! What will be the final price after all the intermediaries and amateurs to cut the budget ?! In the USSR, they could make candy. But in RUSSIA at first they think how to sell. And then about protecting the homeland.
      2. +2
        April 18 2020 22: 06
        I specifically support the engine - the price is higher than that of the piston, plus a much shorter service life, high and quick wear.
        1. 0
          April 18 2020 22: 35
          Fewer parts, i.e. less machining. Easier for automated assembly.
          100 hours of motor resources at a speed of 20 km / h is 2000 km. It is unlikely that the robot will be able to drive so much in continuous battles without receiving severe damage.
          1. +2
            April 18 2020 22: 38
            Well, look, why rotary engines did not go into the automotive industry, massively? For the reasons that I indicated. The shaft did not go. Why do you think that with a smaller shaft in the defense they will go? Count the economy. They were used by us and Mazda. Both of them refused.
            1. 0
              April 19 2020 00: 18
              100 hours of motor resources is already enough for such a combat robot. He is unlikely to need more.
              Don't you see that the idea is fundamentally anti-economic? Automatic production, maximum simplicity, in fact, a machine for consumption.
          2. 0
            April 19 2020 08: 33
            Quote: wehr
            Fewer parts, i.e. less machining.

            But this machining is expensive precision.
            1. 0
              April 19 2020 13: 29
              This was difficult to do in the 1970s. Today, processing of similar complexity is sometimes done for entertainment.
              Laser or EDM CNC machine will make this from any steel.
              1. 0
                April 19 2020 15: 46
                Quote: wehr
                This was difficult to do in the 1970s. Today, processing of similar complexity is sometimes done for entertainment.

                That is why their production was actually abandoned?
                1. 0
                  April 19 2020 19: 20
                  If you walk around and shout at every corner: "Expensive! Expensive!", Then many good things will seem impracticable.
                  If your concrete is more expensive than armored steel, then what else can I talk about?
                  1. 0
                    April 19 2020 19: 26
                    Quote: wehr
                    If you walk around and shout at every corner: "Expensive! Expensive!", Then many good things will seem impracticable.

                    Why? The network has a sales schedule for rotary engines. Rapid growth followed by recession. Tried it, didn’t like it.
  2. +5
    April 18 2020 06: 28
    Thanks to the author for the interesting non-standard approach.
    But then I see "the devil is in the details."
    You offer to fasten a low-repairable, in an advanced, whimsical to the quality of oil, engine practically not mastered in our production, to a cheap concrete machine with concrete shells. Yes, and supplement it with an automatic manipulator, the production of which in Russia, I, just like that on the move, did not find. But even if they are produced, it is difficult equipment both in production and repair, which is extremely negative for any damage. Correct, if I lack knowledge, the current realities of production in the Russian Federation.
    But getting to know your idea was interesting.
    PS Oh yes. Also alcohol in fuel ...
    - "Half a liter? To smithereens? Yes, I will ...." © "Operation Y" laughing
    1. +3
      April 18 2020 09: 36
      About concrete. Tell me why concrete? If low cost is needed? Why not recycled plastic, not recycled tires with fiber reinforcement and adhesive resin layers. The same ready-made solutions on ships are already being used, for radio transparency, for relief. It's all necessary to move. The robot should be light. It must be delivered to the place. This is the logistics. Therefore, the size is minimal. On the screw, he himself will not be able to move quickly. Conclusion. Again the track or wheels with inserts inside from breaking through at break.
      Why rocket concrete? The nozzle is still metal. And what about carbon fiber? Then the case is made of cheap recyclables. And the main thing is easy.
      Why is the complicated expensive manipulated? There is also a bunch of hydraulics (by the way, I’m sweeping the current design for mass production for the same reason, but for the intelligence officer). There is an automatic loader, chains and pushers. Just arrange the supply of cassettes of 4-10 charges and boost karapuziki.
      Thanks to the author and everyone for considering the topic.
      1. 0
        April 18 2020 22: 05
        Why concrete?
        Because it is the fastest and cheapest way to make a case. This is a technology of industrial housing construction, and concrete robots can be made on DSC and on their very primitive equipment.
        The iron demountable form, iron embedded parts and fittings fit into it. Then the concrete. Then they shook it on a vibrating table and in an autoclave for steaming. After a few hours, the product comes out with regulatory strength, the mold is removed, and parts of the housing are ready for installation. They put it, welded it on the embedded parts, filled the seams with concrete - the case is ready.
        1. +1
          April 19 2020 08: 26
          Uh ... you didn’t take into account logistics. Since these massive robots must be easily transported. What are the transportation costs? Plastics do not burn, while they are molded by casting, pressure, etc. In any casting for the mechanism, a bunch of additional processing and fasteners.
          Well and the main thing. Why do we need cars with MLRS? What kind of war concept are you considering. Today, the war is aimed at capturing key infrastructure facilities, at targeted strikes. Look at the example of Syria. Huge spaces, and point fights. For the nodes. With cover by the population. As a result, you need a lot of accurate shooting. Many intelligence drones. If you go according to the scheme, then you need a complex, aerial reconnaissance of drones of different levels. Actively transmit data. And robots on the ground, with mortars, guns, machine guns, rockets from a single center, receive an adjustment to the main task and perform it. At the same time, they don’t even need anti-ballistic protection, the most bulletproof of the mesh screens on top
          1. 0
            April 19 2020 14: 39
            Just took into account, but not in the way you could imagine. The industrial base, due to its sufficient simplicity, moves after the advance of machinery, from line to line. Robots do not need to be transported; they drive on their own. The whole concept is ground on this.
            1. 0
              April 20 2020 06: 51
              Quote: wehr
              Robots do not need to be transported, they ride on their own

              What on the screws? !! Author, enumeration.
              1. 0
                April 20 2020 07: 16
                Well, the points:

                1) Metal, heavy, washable, screw spoiling the coating,
                It can never be cheaper than a simple wheeled chassis, which is mastered and mass produced.

                2) Rotary engine? Seriously? we have huge problems with ordinary engines ...
                3) Manipulator? Truth?
                Does the author know how much it costs? how much does the control computer cost to it? Software? service?
                The idea of ​​placing an expensive and fragile manipulator on a disposable drone is the apotheosis of this article ...
                4) Well, for a snack on-board electronics:
                Lopatov correctly noted - a good avionics can not be cheap. and with an autonomous robot - it must be good, otherwise it will get lost in three pines or attack civilians or its units.

                But for warming up the mind - thanks bully
      2. -1
        April 18 2020 22: 46
        I agree on all 100 plastic and the manipulator is simpler. And for the auger, transformer sliding wheels are needed, like a moon rover. (Only not produced by Nortek AShK !!!) so that the all-terrain vehicle can quickly move along the roads. The idea is crude, but if you fantasize, then why not.
    2. 0
      30 May 2020 20: 19
      In the field, the motor must not be repaired, but quickly changed to another, and the broken should be sent to the rear for repair!
  3. +3
    April 18 2020 06: 56
    Hmm ... they didn't think of this even during the Second World War ... everything was made of concrete and on augers. It remains only to understand whether the concrete will withstand all this mockery of itself. Will it be able to withstand the pressure of gases that will be formed in the combustion chamber of a rocket engine? And if it can withstand, then how thick should the walls be and whether the engine can lift this weight ... And the augers, with all their many positive qualities, have one, but very serious drawback, which so far limits their scope, they do not work well on hard surfaces ...
    , most similar to the T-85 MLRS,

    It seems that it is better to take the "Azov" as a basis
    and "holes", in the form of viewing devices in the armor, no, and the dimensions are larger
    1. +2
      April 18 2020 21: 58
      Concrete can withstand a lot. Only the price he will be like a good steel. Components, compaction, processing after hardening. Dubai skyscraper is a confirmation of this.
      1. 0
        April 19 2020 04: 14
        Quote: garri-lin
        Concrete can withstand a lot.

        But the loads applied to the building and to the rocket, and even more so to the vehicle self-propelled on the road, are different, will it withstand them
        1. +1
          April 19 2020 10: 08
          Maybe it will withstand. But its application loses its meaning because of the complexity of production and price. The most negative is that concrete needs to gain strength for several weeks. Purely optional, you can say that everything described in the article can be made of concrete. But practical, this will not give the expected benefits. There will be no cheapness. There will be no simplification of the process. Ine will accelerate production.
          1. 0
            April 19 2020 13: 25
            Quote: garri-lin
            But practical, this will not give the expected benefits.

            I see only one advantage, it is its use in the absence of metal and engineering base ...
            1. 0
              April 19 2020 13: 32
              If in the Great War comes to this, then there will be big problems with the filling. With electronics in particular. And yes. When the press will have to get out. In WWII, bombs were made to save metal. And if not fairy tales in the USSR, instruction manuals on GO had instructions on how to make mine shells out of concrete. Although he did not see it.
          2. 0
            April 19 2020 13: 32
            You are fifty years behind the current level, if not more. In industrial housing construction, the task of hardening concrete has long been solved by steaming in an autoclave.
            1. 0
              April 19 2020 13: 38
              This is only part of the possible options. Press with ultrasonic treatment, polymer additives for micro-reinforcement such as fiber, steaming, impregnation after drying.
              1. 0
                April 19 2020 15: 28
                Quote: garri-lin
                This is only part of the possible options. Press with ultrasonic treatment, polymer additives for micro-reinforcement such as fiber, steaming, impregnation after drying.

                And will it be easier to build from steel?
                1. 0
                  April 19 2020 15: 36
                  If steel is easier. And regarding construction, concrete has many advantages. I myself was surprised to learn that the Dubai skyscraper is concrete. I thought steel but no.
                  1. 0
                    April 19 2020 15: 48
                    Quote: garri-lin
                    I myself was surprised to learn that the Dubai skyscraper is concrete.

                    Most likely reinforced concrete
                    1. +1
                      April 19 2020 15: 58
                      Well yes. Pure concrete is not used in non-dry structures. Concrete compressive reinforcement for tensile strength.
            2. 0
              April 19 2020 15: 27
              Quote: wehr
              industrial housing construction the task of hardening concrete has long been solved by steaming in an autoclave.

              What are the loads of concrete in house building? Will he stand the drums? And how long?
    2. 0
      April 18 2020 22: 27
      Reinforced concrete is very plastic, it was not for nothing that ships were made of it. And this was back in the first half of the 20th century. I think the idea will work if the metal is strained. "Only the Chinese should not be given an idea"!)))
  4. MP
    +6
    April 18 2020 07: 27
    The author’s thought is clear, but I would like to draw attention to a number of details. Firstly, screw rotors are chosen as a mover. They are good for soft ground, but not good for hard ground. And in the future, the main hostilities will take place in urban areas. You can’t imagine a universal caterpillar here.
    Secondly, such a robot must have a fairly developed artificial intelligence. At least at the level of a predatory animal, such as a wolf. In urban multi-level buildings, it’s difficult to wage war even for people, and a primitive robot will simply turn into an easy target for cunning two-legged monkeys. Now there are no such technologies. This is the cornerstone of the whole concept of using robots. If there is no such AI, then control is possible only remotely by a human operator with all the ensuing disadvantages.
    Thirdly. In my unsophisticated view, it is easier to make a flying drone robot based on available technologies. It does not need developed artificial intelligence, it is enough to recognize the target, shoot and return to base. That is already implemented at the present stage of development of technology. But such a drone is problematic to make from cheap materials, unless it is a one-time kamikaze. Therefore, I think, first of all, combat robotics will develop in this direction.
    1. -1
      April 18 2020 12: 56
      I read the article, I decided to unsubscribe that I think about it, and then ... everything I wanted to say. From me, plus.
      The whole problem of combat robots is that if you make them as smart as possible, they become as expensive as possible, make them as simple and cheap as possible - they are dumber than any
      2 week rookie.
    2. -1
      April 19 2020 00: 20
      The city must be taken in the ring and constantly bombard it. Six months later, if anyone remains there, then the last crawling half-corpses.
      1. 0
        4 May 2020 10: 38
        And here, dear author, you are already not only 50 years behind, but, I’m afraid, not 1000 years behind. If you think in terms of taking cities, then take an example of the bombardment of Belgrade: destruction of the air defense system, military communications, power plants, means broadcasting, as well as other critical infrastructure. About 1000 years: destroy the sources and supplies of food and water, and you will achieve the goal much faster. And do not forget the anti-example (in this sense) of the besieged Leningrad and the road of life. In general, you were previously told that fighting with wide fronts, squares and stupid sieges of cities is now not used due to low efficiency. Further: concrete boxes with a low resource themselves will break earlier than in six months. Or all six months will need to drive new ones instead of the old? Next: a long siege gives the enemy time to concentrate and prepare for a breakthrough.
  5. +1
    April 18 2020 08: 18
    This sketch has no perspectives ..

    1. There is an animal that has four legs. Why fence the caterpillar wheels? But even if they pile up, they will "die" as soon as a normal technique appears on "paws" (of which there may be not only four). "They will die" means that they will not withstand the competition right on the battlefield, that is, almost literally. By the way, there is already such a technique, a dog from Boston Dynamics ..

    2. Which robot will be more competitive? Massive and stupid, "dying" in batches at the front? Or agile, able to hide, get out of the fire, and so on? It is not difficult to guess even before the start of the war that the second. A robot that knows how to feel a sense of fear (and in general to feel), which means to be able to choose a situation when it is dangerous to climb on a rampage (to have an instinct for self-preservation), when you need to hide and wait. And so on. That is, a model of a predator animal that hunts down its prey. And a massive dumb robot is a transfer of resources.

    3. Here is a wolf (or any other predator). He does not contact the satellite, he does not require any ready-made maps for his work. Because he has eyes, he is guided by the locality, even if she does not know her stupidly. Why make digital cards? Who will win the war? Robot with a digital card? Or a robot that randomly roams around the area and stealthily carries out everything that moves? The war has not yet begun, but the answer is already obvious ..

    We solve the problem, and now, on the current technological and production base. Just not as the author sees it ..
  6. +2
    April 18 2020 08: 19
    As they say: with your lips and honey would slurp. Do you understand that the described machine, together with the BK and the service infrastructure, will cost even as a middle-class foreign car even with mass mass production?
    1. 0
      April 18 2020 18: 29
      Like a Rolls Royce Silver Spirit.
    2. 0
      30 May 2020 20: 47
      So what? Tanks cost millions (not rubles) and can live for long!
  7. +3
    April 18 2020 08: 49
    Colleagues, in principle, have already said almost everything about the proposed project.
    I’ll add from myself that it’s high time to stop thinking that China has nothing except meat and trilines.
    They will do these robots more and faster than us. Because factories for the production of robots are still being built by people.
    That is why, as Suvorov said: “You have to fight not by number, but by skill. In the case of robots, their quality, not quantity.
  8. +2
    April 18 2020 08: 51
    Concrete .... Have you seen the firing videos from any RPG concrete slabs etc. How beautiful they scatter in slow motion))). Moreover, why do we need a robot with a MLRS made of concrete ??? Will he shoot point blank? MLRS have always worked on areas from long distances. From close ones, there is "Sun" .. How and where will you get with a concrete shell and at what distance? ...... If an assault robot that will conduct accurate fire at a short distance, such as in a city, then probably ordinary thermobaric He needs ammunition in the ammunition rack and an automatic loader. Sighting range, at least 500 m. Small size and well armored, on wheels With combat-resistant inserts (many, but not large) ... ..Type drove out, fired at the targets and hid around the corner))). This will probably be more practical)))
  9. +2
    April 18 2020 09: 08
    After some thought and comparison, I took the Type 107 75 mm projectile as an ammunition. The Chinese model, obviously, came from German rockets during the war, only Chinese designers reduced ... It seems that the Author wrote an article in the "day", immediately after the "expense" of guests! If this is a Chinese 107-mm RS, then why not a Type 63? It is also known that the Chinese created the "Type 63" on the basis of the Soviet 140-mm RPU-14 ... and the German RS "Nebelwerfer" often had a different design! And now about the "concrete shells" ... Well, yes there is brands of heat-resistant (refractory) concrete ... but how much is such concrete cheaper than other materials, how thick will the "glasses" for concrete PCs have to be, how much weight will such PCs be ...? And why concrete, and not "ordinary" ceramics .. . light and durable .... (carbides-oxides ...)? Why invent "explosive" rocket fuel, if it has already been invented and used ... for example, in Igla MANPADS? Concrete hulls? Yes, it was already! Back in WW2! And the "concrete" T-34 was "invented"! And the concrete hulls of ships! But, as the saying goes, "it was, yes, it floated ..."! Are there many concrete ships being built? .. (!), moreover, "in the old-fashioned way", "iron"! Acoustic communication? Acoustic recognition systems? On the battlefield, where artillery weapons are firing, ammunition explodes, tanks "clang" with planes whistling at extremely low altitude, soldiers swearing ...? belay Oh, lads ... I don't have the mood to comment on Verkhoturov today! Somehow, not interesting! How not to criticize Verkhoturov, "Verkhoturov's misunderstandings" still pass from article to article!
  10. +5
    April 18 2020 09: 10
    Cool you from coronavirus stomps! wink The article was just late by April 1st.
    The tensile strength of concrete is less than that of steel by 50-100 times, the compressive strength is about two times, therefore, this concrete projectile withstood the pressure that occurs in it when the fuel burns, in your case, it is also explosive, the wall thickness will be such that there will be no internal volume in the shell. And therefore, these will not be shells, but monolithic pillars which would be better to launch ballistic at the enemy. I think it will be very scary when you see how four meter posts fall next to you and collapse into rubble.
    Yes, and with a rotary propulsion device, we still need to think. If we want to build a defense with the help of these "robots", then this mover will go, we have few roads. And if you capture Europe, it will not work, since it is not intended for movement on hard surfaces.
    But it is better to consider that this is by April 1. drinks
    1. +2
      April 18 2020 11: 13
      Quote: Peter is not the first
      I think it will be very scary when you see how four meter posts fall next to you and collapse into rubble.
      drinks

      Well, you can’t do it like that .... I imagined, and the beer spilled ... from laughter laughing
      It will be really scary to think, but what do these people, besides the pillars, still have weapons?))) And the adversary will roll back, losing the dignity. drinks
    2. -1
      April 18 2020 20: 06
      From the minutes of the meetings of Hitler and Speer, December 5, 1944
      Splitterbetongranaten fur 21-cm Granatewerfer
      Speer: „Wir werden es mit Guß bei 12-cm machen. Da ist die Splitterkraft sogar ausgezeichnet. Bei Betonguß ist die Splitterwirkung ebenfalls ausgezeichnet. Ich glaube, daß wir da an sich in einiger Zeit mehr bieten werden “

      Deutschlands Rüstung im Zweiten Weltkrieg. Hitlers Konferenzen mit Albert Speer 1942-1945. Frankfurt am Main, “Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft Athenaion”, 1969, S. 456
  11. 0
    April 18 2020 09: 37
    Well, where did this Wankel engine find use in the last forty years? They talked a lot about him from the moment of his invention, but alas, technical problems do not date the possibility of widespread use.
  12. +1
    April 18 2020 09: 40
    Wankel engine? It’s ridiculous.
    Dealt with them, in the context of aircraft modeling, in the early 80's. Resource and maintainability below all skirting boards. I talked with the cops at the end of the same 80s that went on the VAZ five-interceptors. Wankels stood there too. After a couple of years, everything was written off, since repairing them was almost done anew. There, seals, which play the role of rings in a cylinder engine, must be made almost using space technology. And what replaces the sleeve is also not anyhow any metal can be made. Otherwise, it wears out very quickly. In general, three hundred or four hundred hours left and change the entire rotor group.
    The bottom line, the Wankel ICE itself, is certainly a good thing, but expensive in production and maintenance. And if we also strive for an adequate resource, then the cost there will be even an order of magnitude higher and will approach the turbojet engine with a variable thrust vector. Otherwise, already all cars would ride them.
    Concrete, this is generally something with something ..))
    In short, the author, they sold you the wrong grass.)))
  13. 0
    April 18 2020 10: 39
    In short, as I understand it, without a soldier is the road to nowhere?
  14. +1
    April 18 2020 12: 19
    Mankind will refuse to create fully robotic autonomous combat systems in the very near foreseeable future. They will sign conventions, treaties, moratoria, etc. As was the case with hib / bio and other weapons of mass destruction. The basis will be the factor of humanism, moral categories, etc., to the touch, not tangible substances.

    Science fiction writers were the first to think about these issues as early as 100 years ago. Having first appeared in fiction around the 1920s, robots immediately got out of human control and began to rebel.
    In contrast, Azimov's rigorous logic and technocratic approach 70 years ago made the robot a product of conveyor technology and a predictable human assistant.
    The Laws of Robotics have their own vulnerabilities, which subsequently forced Asimov to modify and revise them. However, the complete concept of the behavior of the robot and the concept of robopsychology significantly influenced the authors who wrote in this genre of science fiction. Azimov's stories had a significant impact on culture, science and production.


    But real life turned out to be such that no books can be invented.

    For example, baby DOGO ™ (There is an article about him on VO "Tactical combat robot DOGO") is 5 years old today. These are his childhood pictures, when he was still controlled remotely. Today, such a device equipped with autonomous navigation systems and visual recognition of objects can do such things that will not seem like little.




    As for the large systems described by the author, their cheapness, even with a very mass production, is very relative, they are very vulnerable, old defense systems in the form of "hedgehogs", concrete blocks, and even walls made of cardboard boxes of the corresponding color, which artificial intelligence are on long distance will not soon be distinguished from the real ones.
    By the way, today the issue of the neutralization of such systems by the owners themselves has not yet been 100% resolved.
  15. 0
    April 18 2020 12: 54
    More promising are flying or floating swarms. They can be cheap and not very intelligent (brains somewhere separately), 5G to help with communications, + satellite, of course.
    A kind of film "Birds" in metal-plastic performance.
    And crawling on the ground is only for special assault missions, here shrew robots can in some cases be better than a robot tank, and they can’t cover them with aviation and artillery.
    1. 0
      4 May 2020 11: 06
      And there will be a bungle for the old woman: if the swarm has an external communication facility (for example, satellite), then each UAV element of the swarm already becomes much more expensive. If it’s near, it’s enough to cut the vulnerable links of the chain: the DROLiU plane or its substitute. If not, the task is an order of magnitude easier: broadband REPs isolate the communication between group members and they turn into disoriented and incapable of distributing goals, and protecting key goals with air defense systems is simplified by an order of magnitude. If everything is complicated (satellite communications, airborne electronic warfare and all that), and the swarm is large, then air defense missiles with an explosive EMR generator or with a special warhead are used, of course, ex .888 to avoid friendly fire. In all cases, the result of the use of a very large swarm (at least an order of magnitude greater than with any of the raids of missiles or UAVs in Syria) operating over a certain territory will be iron rain from blanks and an unfulfilled combat mission. That's why a proxy / hybrid / guerrilla war is being fought in small groups, because it is more effective. And the Americans' dreams of a large all-annihilating swarm without air superiority, air defense and missile defense will remain wet dreams.
  16. The comment was deleted.
  17. 0
    April 18 2020 22: 16
    Throw the idea to the author. Engine. Essentially, the movement of the piston is important. Namely, this process converts thermal energy into mechanical energy. Cranks, crankshafts, cranks, flywheels, gears are all intermediaries. What are they needed for? Just a cylinder. Gases push the piston. And behind the piston is hydraulic fluid. Due to the incompressible fluid, the pressure of the piston is transmitted anywhere through the pipes and does the work. The piston has a damper. So that the sudden movement caused by combustion is transferred to the fluid smoothly. And there was no water hammer. And the process of fuel combustion itself can be made smoother. Another plus is location flexibility. Cylinders do not have to be located nearby. They can be scattered over several voids in the hull. The engine compartment disappears. The defeat of a single cylinder reduces power but does not destroy the entire engine. The prospect is mass.
  18. 0
    April 19 2020 05: 44
    Well, comrades have already appreciated the use of concrete, and the wankel and screws ... There’s nothing more to add. I will say a little about something else. If you evaluate the author’s project in size, you get something like Willy’s first tank. Least. Only even more useless, because with such dimensions it will be just an ideal target on the battlefield. If at all there will reach, but will not be destroyed by drones. About the prospect of bullying nurses on point targets, I will not even even, not to mention the ammunition. AI is not a bit suitable, remote control is possible only at very short distances.
    In my humble opinion, small tracked vehicles now have the potential for development. Yes, they can be done a lot, survivability will be provided by size and speed, and out of armament there will be enough PC and AGS. And of course, they alone will not fight, rather as moving firing points to support the infantry.
    1. 0
      April 19 2020 13: 34
      Totally erroneous opinion.
  19. -2
    April 20 2020 11: 07
    I sincerely hope that the author’s article will not be taken seriously.
  20. 0
    April 23 2020 18: 37
    The concept is interesting, but there is a hole in it. Alas, the car will not acquire acceptable characteristics immediately. To rivet more and less, in principle, does not imply this. So the car at the start will be worse in performance, but due to losses (especially not combat) the whole car will be just gold.
    In polygon conditions, she can work poorly, but in battle, childhood diseases will emerge, which, oh, how they will not immediately reveal. This is both a loss and an even greater deterioration in characteristics at the start. It will be radically unclear what and how damaged the car to the state "unable to return to base." Maybe the car just got stuck and incorrectly calculated the amount of fuel. Even smart modern quadrocopters are notoriously guilty of this, although there are no impassable obstacles in the air. Or maybe it was intercepted by the enemy's electronic warfare. Or maybe a Chinese fityunka for half a dollar flew off from the vibration and broke something.

    Now an analogue of interwar time between the 1st world and the second. Technical solutions will appear in response to challenges and as a result of the systematically accumulated experience of current combat platforms. However, even in the current conditions, your concept does not even meet the current challenges of the time, not to mention the war of the future.
    1. 0
      April 24 2020 14: 03
      Yes, this is a machine of total, destructive war, not police operations.

      Do you know so perfectly what the future war will be like to say so categorically? Are you one of those who take Syria as the pinnacle of military affairs?
      1. 0
        4 May 2020 11: 55
        Dmitry, I’ll add something that is not mentioned by other commentators, for example, Al_lex: if you want something cheap, then you need to refine what is already produced by the civil industry, because this is cheap (for civilians, especially middle-class individuals, the budget is not the same as for the military) and reliable (no one wants to buy a foreign car that can travel 100 km and break down). Industrial robots do not belong to such, because have a really fabulous cost, otherwise why, in your opinion, is robotization in industry in our country somewhere at the level of 1%? I answer: 1) because we have almost no production, 2) because the robot itself is useless without the tool that it will use, and software that will teach it to use, and this money is already an order of magnitude larger than even the robot itself (mass production is, of course, good for the price, the bad thing is that R&D is still needed to develop this very robot, which will hardly be applicable to civilians (otherwise the cost of R&D increases even more).
        And Nikolaevich was correctly mentioned that concrete (and by the way, brick!) Ships have not been built for a long time: an extensive development path is always easier than developing something there: picked up, riveted from a bunch of blanks and filled up with iron. But that’s why they are developing expensive technologies, that out of 100 bullets / shells / grenades, only 1 will hit the target, and it’s far from the fact that it will hit (feel the difference) So how many times does this machine with an insignificant resource have to roll back and forth, while will complete the task? Isn’t it easier for the enemy to bomb a BP / fuel depot? Moreover, the siege is supposed to be for months.
        And it was rightly noted that it’s pointless to fight with the screws in modern Europe (and China, by the way, too), because the widest network of roads becomes an insurmountable obstacle for them, like swamps for the Tiger.
        By the way, about the Tiger and T-34: the latter, it seems, is simpler and cheaper and worse than the Tiger in all respects (less penetration range, no barrel purge and gun stabilization, even at least 10 km / h, like the Tiger, etc., etc.) .P.). It turns out, heaped up with a number, right? Not so: the combination of a compact KV-1 and torsion bar suspension, inclined sheets, etc. unusual (in the sense of almost never used), but assembled into a complex of solutions made it very difficult (maneuverability, low and narrow silhouette) and a dangerous target (good booking and a powerful gun, high cross-country ability - an element of a tactical level (correct, if not wrong)), maintainable in the field, easily mastered by tankers, transportable along railway lines and a whole bunch of everything known only to specialists, and not to us, couch experts.
        In short, to collect something really good even from the available, even simple and cheap, like a Kalash, the task is not trivial from the word at all.
      2. 0
        4 May 2020 12: 06
        And in the case of war: total war will be the last in the history of mankind, Albert Einstein spoke about sticks and bows on this subject. There are always Iskanders / Perimeters and the like for the concept of a missile defense / disarming nuclear strike / limited nuclear war. Just due to the fact that the level of military awareness of the plans of our esteemed partners is an order of magnitude higher than what we have with you. And therefore, you propose to prepare for a past war, not a future one.

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