“Summer”, “Mountain”, “Standard”: rations of the last war of the Soviet Army

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War is not only about battles and campaigns. With poorly provided material support, even the best army will soon become unworkable. And even completely fall apart. The supply of hostilities is not limited to providing them only with weapons, equipment and ammunition. A hungry soldier is not a soldier. Let's remember how the Soviet Army ate in its last war - the Afghan one.

First of all, it is possible to speak about any full-fledged provision of food for the personnel of our troops in the DRA only from 1981, when it finally became clear that the Soviet military contingent, albeit limited, landed there seriously and for a long time. In particular, only from this period, instead of having very limited capacities and possibilities for field kitchens, stationary soldiers' canteens built from light prefabricated structures (CPM) began to appear in the locations of our units and subunits. By 1986, there were already up to two hundred such food items.



At the same time, the harsh and unusual conditions for our soldiers, which were in many respects at the medieval level of the country, made their own adjustments to everyday issues. In Afghanistan, as you know, the most scarce and valuable resource was the most ordinary water. Finding its source, not poisoned and at least more or less pure, was in itself a big problem. However, even the water used for cooking was suitable by Afghan standards for food, it could cause extremely disastrous consequences, laying in a hospital bed or even a hospital unit at once. The same viral hepatitis was a real scourge for our troops "across the river", and all the years of their stay there. Using local products for cooking was also fraught with consequences - for the same sanitary and hygienic reasons.

It is precisely because of this, and also because of the specifics of conducting military operations (in a raid on the mountains or conducting a convoy that you don’t painfully organize normal nutrition), the basis of the diet of almost all the Soviet Army personnel who served in the DRA was various canned food, concentrates and dry rations . In particular, in the first quarter of 1980, 70 tons of canned meat, 650 tons of various canned cereals, 410 tons of first dishes, again in the form of concentrates and canned goods, 850 tons of various vegetables and potatoes were put into the boilers of 150 thousand of our soldiers and officers. , but also supplied exclusively in dried form, and 85 tons of crackers. During the same time, 75 thousand sets of dry rations were consumed. Here it is worth stopping separately.

As already mentioned above, for units that performed real combat missions in Afghanistan, “dry land” was generally the main, and for very long periods, the only “daily bread”. At the same time, everyone was fed differently. Consider some of the main types of Afghan rations on the basis of the order of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR of 1982, which approved its norms.

So, the military “ordinary” infantry - motorized rifle, mountain rifle units, relied on the basic “Suhpay” at the norm number 1: a pound of biscuits, a can of canned meat, a can of cereal with meat, tea and sugar. The paratrooper soldiers were released according to the norm No. 17 - they had more rations and biscuits in their rations, and there were more rusks and twice as much porridge. And, most importantly, it included even “delicacies” like canned sausage forcemeat, pate or “Tourist's breakfast”. In double against infantry again. What is characteristic, paratroopers were supposed to all this even dry fuel - to warm up.

A special article was mountain rations for personnel operating at altitudes of more than 2000 meters. He, in turn, was divided into summer and winter options. The first option included more liquid foods (juices, fruit soup), and the second - more high-calorie foods. There were not only condensed milk and cookies in this “dry tea”, but even caramel, vitamin dragees, instant coffee.

Separately in terms of supply was, as you might guess, special forces. Dry rations for it were developed in the Etalon series. They were distinguished by increased quality and improved, as far as possible in the conditions of war, product range. For example, the presence of “Etalon 5”, in addition to the same condensed milk, also allowed chocolate for special forces to prepare a hot drink in the field, which turned out to be very useful in the highlands blown by icy winds.

For already very extreme conditions, primarily for actions to perform special combat missions related to a long separation from supply points, during which each gram of luggage was counted, in the mid-80s a “super dry” or small-sized diet was developed . It was a set of briquettes of food concentrate sealed in plastic and additionally packed in aluminum foil. One rations included a dozen of these briquettes with a total weight of 600 grams. A full meal was considered the use of four such briquettes, soaked with fifty grams of water each. Such a “dry drink” was two and a half times lighter than usual, the volume was five times less. And, by the way, it could be stored twice as long. In those days - a real breakthrough.

As you can see, the Afghan war gave an impetus to the development of not only the tactics and strategy of the Soviet army, but also its support, including in the field of nutrition of soldiers and officers.
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  1. +2
    April 8 2020 08: 46
    Interesting topic.
    Such a “dry drink” was two and a half times lighter than usual, the volume was five times less. And, by the way, it could be stored twice as long.

    Once I ate bread, which is eaten by astronauts in orbit and borsch in tubes
    Very tasty and nutritious.
    1. +7
      April 8 2020 09: 33
      And I have dinner IDP N ° 7 for today ... beef meatballs in tomato, rice porridge with beef and meat with green peas and carrots ... I heat the butter with refried onions in a frying pan and it's all in one pile ... there’s still I have vegetable caviar, so I also add .... well, someone like that, but I like it ...
      1. +1
        April 8 2020 09: 36
        Quote: Rostovchanin
        And I have dinner IDP N ° 7 for today ... beef meatballs in tomato, rice porridge with beef and meat with green peas and carrots ... I heat the butter with refried onions in a frying pan and it's all in one pile ... there’s still I have vegetable caviar, so I also add .... well, someone like that, but I like it ...

        They got their way. Drooling laughing
        1. The comment was deleted.
      2. 0
        April 8 2020 10: 15
        Quote: Rostovchanin
        And I have dinner IDP N ° 7 for today ... beef meatballs in tomato, rice porridge with beef and meat with green peas and carrots ... I heat the butter with refried onions in a frying pan and it's all in one pile ... there’s still I have vegetable caviar, so I also add .... well, someone like that, but I like it ...

        How much is it by weight and calorie content?
        Thank you.
        1. +1
          April 8 2020 11: 42
          Well, a box of 7 packages ... 15 kg ... almost 20000 kcal per box on average .... about 3000 - 4000 kcal one package ... they are different ... 7 rations
          1. 0
            April 8 2020 11: 51
            I'm about your dinner. I looked on the Internet, it turns out almost a kilogram of food. You all of the above - meatballs in tomato sauce, rice porridge with meat, meat with green peas and carrots, vegetable caviar - eat at one meal?
            1. +4
              April 8 2020 12: 40
              Well, in general, they divided it into two, and for what purpose are you interested in ... breakfast at 7 in the morning, dinner at 17 ... have you ever worked on a shift laughing we have very few rats ... wink
              1. 0
                April 8 2020 12: 49
                No sarcasm, dear Dmitry. I was simply struck by such a volume of food. But, if after a day of running around, and without a full breakfast, it is not surprising.
                In the form of an explanation: such a hefty guy appeared, two meters tall and a hundred in weight.
                1. +4
                  April 8 2020 12: 59
                  Even for 120 laughing , it’s not always possible to eat fully, to sleep on the spot too ... such a job wink
                  1. 0
                    April 8 2020 13: 04
                    My regards!
      3. 0
        April 8 2020 11: 09
        And I have dinner IDP N ° 7 today

        No. 5 Tastier
        1. 0
          April 9 2020 19: 40
          Soldier number 8 is cool. With lazy cabbage rolls and beetroot caviar. Only towards the end of the shelf life are the bars like tar. And the rest is delicious. And what is included in 5?
  2. +12
    April 8 2020 08: 47
    The stew in the suhpai was GREAT and sausage stuffing! However, the porridge was normal, satisfying even tasty, especially when it already growls in the stomach. About crackers and biscuits, we will not talk, they WAS!
    1. +12
      April 8 2020 08: 51
      Don’t remind! Porridge from the field kitchen, with a smoke, is something with something !!! But I wonder which dry packs are better-Soviet or which now? I understand that it’s a matter of taste, of course, products and technologies of different quality, but It would be interesting to compare ...
      1. +9
        April 8 2020 08: 55
        The old ones are much better quality. And stew, and "meat and vegetable". The biscuits and crackers are so-so. The tea is disgusting.
        1. +11
          April 8 2020 08: 57
          Quote: Spade
          Disgusting tea.

          I agree! only tea does not cause delight, and the rest was NATURAL !!! Tasty.
          1. +10
            April 8 2020 09: 02
            Quote: rocket757
            I agree! only tea does not cause delight, and the rest was NATURAL !!! Tasty.

            But the new ones are more diverse. There are much nicer.

            And the old ones were more convenient. The volume is much smaller. But as already written, it’s dangerous to eat like this for more than three days.
          2. +4
            April 8 2020 09: 10
            Quote: rocket757
            I agree! only tea does not cause delight, and the rest was NATURAL !!! Tasty.

            Well, if there was "Georgian tea. Top grade". This is already cimus, this is no longer there.
            1. +6
              April 8 2020 09: 18
              Indian "Three Elephants", then it was good ... just anyway, long-term storage did not improve the taste of many products.
              1. +1
                April 8 2020 09: 38
                Quote: rocket757
                Indian "Three Elephants", then was good

                The aroma from him was .... Fabulous.
                Still good was our No. 36. Also fragrant
                1. +3
                  April 8 2020 10: 27
                  Tea "Cheerfulness" of the Yaroslavl "spill", very much in the subject!
                  However, I was taught to drink Kalmyk green tiled tea ... with milk, with salt and other goodies! A special taste, for an amateur.
                  1. +1
                    April 8 2020 10: 42
                    Quote: rocket757
                    Tea "Cheerfulness" of the Yaroslavl "spill", very much in the subject!

                    For some reason I haven’t been drinking tea for a long time) Therefore, not in the subject)
                    1. +1
                      April 9 2020 09: 34
                      I don’t refuse coffee, but I really like green or lime tea or black tea with bergamot.
                      1. +1
                        April 9 2020 09: 36
                        I'm green in the Army for 2 years so tired .... laughing
                        Still do not eat watermelons
          3. +10
            April 8 2020 10: 05
            I don’t know ... tea is now in the Indian diet, in addition to tea and coffee, and three types of drinks (CHERRY, raspberries, peach), and there are also cream creams for tea or coffee ... we are shift workers and the military in the woods on the roads are often friend we take out the friend, while the essence and the matter are always exchanged .... I always have the IRP behind the back in the Urals ... you see the taiga ... here everyone shares with each other who has what ...
            1. +2
              April 8 2020 10: 15
              Quote: Rostovchanin
              I don’t know ... tea is now in Indian diets,

              I talked about tea that was in the 70s.
              Brew, aroma to the entire barracks, no longer hide laughing
        2. +12
          April 8 2020 10: 24
          Super-duper rations in those days did not even see. But with ordinary I used it like this: - I immediately opened all the boxes and sorted the porridges by name; - bonfire or tripod with blowtorch; - in the cauldron laid cereals by the number of eaters; - heating with stirring; - adding cans of tinned meat for 4-5 eaters and again mixing; - adding half a cup of water and covering the cauldron with a lid; - languishing over low heat for 10-15 minutes; - Dinner is served! The motorized riflemen covering us or the landing were choked with saliva from the smell!
      2. +7
        April 8 2020 09: 00
        Quote: DMB 75
        I understand that it’s a matter of taste, of course, of different quality products and technologies, but it would be interesting to compare ...

        Stew, something else from the old stocks can be found ... only the terms there will be prohibitive !!!
        And so, everything was natural! Minced meat sausage of such quality still need to search!
        1. +2
          April 8 2020 09: 13
          Quote: rocket757
          Minced meat sausage of such quality still need to search!

          In the North there was "Sausage minced meat" in 20 liter barrels, you open it, the smell! Drool is already flowing.
          1. +3
            April 8 2020 09: 23
            Quote: tihonmarine
            "Sausage minced meat" in 20 liter barrels,

            There was no such thing. Herring in large jars, I saw it ... only again, those that are old, it was possible to eat, but it is advisable to put a clothespin on your nose. I’m still okay, Baikal was born and we are accustomed to products "fermented" according to local technology, the same Omul with a smell! and the fighters, some of them, were specifically turned up.
            Those. everything was cool, if you didn’t delay the delay ... procurers.
            1. +3
              April 8 2020 09: 44
              Quote: rocket757
              A herring in large banks, I saw it ... only again, those that are old, it was possible to eat, but it would be desirable to fasten a clothespin to the nose.

              The usual 120 liters. barrel, herring 105 kg. If brine 1,1 is lightly salted, then you need to store it at + 5 degrees, but as always and especially in the summer, stored in uncooled warehouses, of course, after a month, and if after two, then the clothespin did not help either. I worked there on a supply vessel, carried all over the North. But the products were all of very good quality, unless of course the quartermasters competently stored. Many canned meat was from Lithuania, beyond praise.
              1. +1
                April 8 2020 16: 09
                Orsk stew did not come across?
                1. +1
                  April 8 2020 16: 32
                  Quote: Aviator_
                  Orsk stew did not come across?

                  No, at that time everything was planned, who supplies the Northern Fleet, who is the border troops, etc. The rear service worked well. There was neither a cooperative, nor private owners, everything was state-owned. Here sauerkraut and salted tomatoes in barrels came from Ukraine.
            2. +2
              April 8 2020 09: 45
              Quote: rocket757
              It's okay for me, on Lake Baikal we are also used to products "fermented" by local technology, the same Omul with a smell!

              Do not gratify the soul.
              1. +2
                April 8 2020 10: 21
                Ha, ha ... I myself sometimes made Astrakhan roach and perch using a "special technology". If only Dad and I ate ... the old soldier is accustomed to eat what IS! And all of our ladies, turned up their nose from the fish, and then from us!
                Here you want the Norwegian herring, a special ambassador, you gobble up!
                1. +3
                  April 8 2020 10: 44
                  Quote: rocket757
                  Here you want the Norwegian herring, a special ambassador, you gobble up!

                  The first time I saw the Lapps salting herring. They laid it out in rows, beautifully, with a hill, sagged after a couple of hours, bonged and tied a barrel to the mast. I say to my neighbor, to the same green one, "Look, you fools, they got a barrel of herring without salt," he also twisted his finger at his temple. After 5-6 days they opened this barrel and sorted it out again, but now they salted it. After 3-4 days they were already eating a herring, the smell was not usual, but they took it by the tail, pulled it and all the bones along with the tail were gone. They eat with such pleasure. Well, a month later, we also grieved for a sweet soul.
                  1. +1
                    April 8 2020 10: 50
                    Well, yes, she is. And also how the Greenlanders "cook" a shark, HAKARL is called ... in our north, this is how the locals cook fish.
                2. +1
                  April 8 2020 11: 00
                  Quote: rocket757
                  Ha, ha ... I myself sometimes made Astrakhan roach and perch using a "special technology".

                  By the way, I remembered that in the 60s in St. Petersburg, at the corner of Nevsky and Liteiny, there was a good branded beer bar from the Stepan Razin brewery, and so there, very often such a "smelly" ram was on sale. Not everyone could try this, so the "gourmet" was always enough for us. And what a beer it was! "Zhiguli", "Rizhskoe", "Double gold", "Velvet", "Leningradskoe" oh yes, under a taranechka, cimus. Oh, to him, special ambassadors from the Dry Sea, or white-haired halibut with a smell. Now beer is not right.
                  1. 0
                    April 9 2020 09: 20
                    Quote: tihonmarine
                    Now beer is not right.

                    New varieties appear, new producers .... at the beginning, the beer is very pleasant, not expensive. As the summer began, the beer season, all beer becomes sharply worse and more expensive. Commerce, everyone works for profit.
                    And halibut, yes, very good!
                    1. 0
                      April 9 2020 09: 59
                      Quote: rocket757
                      There are new varieties, new producers .... at first the beer is very pleasant

                      Beer should be made from barley, and it is healthy, but from oats, rice is not that. And now "powder" according to the "Pilsdner" system is even harmful beer. It is a pity that he was young and did not learn from his grandmother to make his own beer and his own yeast.
      3. +10
        April 8 2020 09: 07
        The stew is also basically nothing to itself, but it doesn’t have ice at all, two norms are one legs and tails, Serpukhov meat processing plant, it was 2004-2007, Chechnya.
  3. +1
    April 8 2020 08: 52
    As mentioned above, for units performing real combat missions in Afghanistan, “dry land” was generally the main, and for very long periods, the only “daily bread”

    For this they could have fucked up. For violation of the military charters. If I’m not mistaken, it was necessary to get disruption at the army level for feeding dry food for more than three days

    And for food there was a very wide range of field kitchens. Starting with the MK-1963 kitchen adopted for supply in 10 for 10 consumers, respectively.


    Food was given out for N days, and these foods were prepared. And it was not a "dry ration", despite the presence of canned food.
    1. +5
      April 8 2020 11: 15
      Nobody had anyone and nobody asked anything at the army level. A soldier must endure hardships and hardships, well, and further according to the charter!
      With regards to soldering, barley with meat is not very edible even when heated, in the cold it is only if it is already not in the grave. Rice with meat went well both hot and cold. Biscuits, then such, if there is nothing to eat, then just to kill the feeling of hunger will come down.
      No platoon or commander of the unit in his right mind will pull such a kitchen with him to the fields. For almost 50 kg in my weight. It is better to dry on this weight load and ammunition. There will be more sense. Such a stove was used in mobile guards when escorting wagons or fighters on the perimeter when fencing landfills. When there is transport than to deliver. On block posts is also a normal thing.
      I simply am silent about the operation of the burner. Initially, if you take a new one, it normally does not burn or puffs with smelly kerosene or solar smoke.
      In general, as with all Soviet technology. After receipt, disassemble and reassemble humanly.
      1. 0
        April 8 2020 14: 53
        Quote: dgonni
        Nobody had anyone and nobody asked anything at the army level. A soldier must endure hardships and hardships, well, and further according to the charter!

        Nonsense.
        This was even done in Chechnya.
        For couches: the rear guards are more likely to strangle than to give you extra dry packs. They are much more profitable to give out products

        Quote: dgonni
        No platoon or commander of the unit in his right mind will pull such a kitchen with him to the fields.

        Where will he go?
        Dry rice is inconvenient to eat, word of honor.
        And rations will be given for three days AND EVERYTHING.

        Quote: dgonni
        I simply am silent about the operation of the burner. Initially, if you take a new one, it normally does not burn or puffs with smelly kerosene or solar smoke.
        In general, as with all Soviet technology. After receipt, disassemble and reassemble humanly.

        But you shouldn’t write nonsense ...
        1. +1
          April 8 2020 15: 07
          This was even done in Chechnya.

          At least not always and not everywhere. Up to 2 weeks on IRP-B, I don’t know the reasons.
          They could not deploy normal PCBs, we stood in blocks in Grozny, but there were no kitchens (not enough for everyone)?
        2. +1
          April 8 2020 15: 10
          I don’t know how in Chechnya. But in the USSR Armed Forces. At the cordon of the test site for two weeks they gave out dry land and did not waver. And there, at least fry dry tea, at least cook your problems.
          For the nonsense about the burner, a horse was neighing. You see the niches did not use what lay in the warehouses in storage. It looks new but does not work. And until you disassemble it with the assembly, it will not work. And this applies to electric power plants of all kinds of ESD, autonomous heaters for tents and repair workshops working on a solarium, by the way. Kung heater also applies to well and ending with mobile and small kitchens.
  4. +2
    April 8 2020 08: 57
    -Super-suhpay, or a small-sized diet, has been developed.
    The basis was taken food for the astronauts.
    There was then no soy meat, palm condensed milk.
    Tourist sausage and breakfast (not to be confused with canned rice and fish canned food) is practically the same.
    Well, without dry alcohol (dry fuel), for example, barley with lamb is almost impossible.
    And with water, indeed, was strained.
    1. +1
      April 9 2020 19: 52
      Pearl barley porridge with lamb is the most delicious that I ate in my youth. That's at least kill. I do not know why. In 90 there was an army on sale in the market. I always asked my parents. They looked like a step-mother but took it. And it's not a joke.
  5. +1
    April 8 2020 09: 16
    I don’t know how it is now, but about 5-7 years ago a friend on the occasion bought a package of dry. They opened it, tried it, it turned out to be a very good thing, even a type of stand for dishes is provided for heating food with dry alcohol. Everything is packed cool, every product, even goulash, is very edible.

    P.S. I forgot to mention, this friend once fought in Chechnya, so he says, there wasn’t such a quality there.
  6. +1
    April 8 2020 09: 45
    Our whole landfill was strewn with biscuits from dry rations. Disgusting thing: no taste, no color, no smell)) But stew and "tourist's breakfast" - mmmm, yummy.
  7. 0
    April 8 2020 10: 09
    The ration is good! But, not to the table it will be said: "Cleaner hands - harder feces!"
  8. -2
    April 8 2020 11: 06
    A hungry soldier is not a soldier. Let's remember how the Soviet Army ate in its last war - the Afghan one.

    How many read the memoirs of the Afghans-officers .. They fed badly (sprats in a tomato and a slice), but I am silent about the soldiers Perhaps they plundered .. (if I'm wrong, I apologize)
    And yet, the Shuravi fought and not only fought, but also built ..

    First of all, about any full-fledged supply of food for the personnel of our troops in the DRA can be discussed only since 1981

    But I’m sorry, I read memoirs from the very beginning of the deployment of troops until the beginning of the 80s .. hi
  9. +1
    April 8 2020 11: 20
    Quote: Spade
    Quote: rocket757
    I agree! only tea does not cause delight, and the rest was NATURAL !!! Tasty.

    But the new ones are more diverse. There are much nicer.

    And the old ones were more convenient. The volume is much smaller. But as already written, it’s dangerous to eat like this for more than three days.

    Somehow I had to eat this for a month. Do not die - but boring to nausea. Then, after that we got into the first Soviet canteen that came across, where we enjoyed eating eggs, borsch, a patty cutlet with pasta and washed it down with jelly!
  10. 0
    April 8 2020 12: 12
    I don’t know what number the dry one had with us, it was packed in a white cardboard box. The composition included either stew or sausage, salted and peppered. and stew class, a can of porridge, canned fish, biscuits, tea, sugar, salt. To this they simply gave ordinary bread. I don’t remember how many people have one bun. He served in the GSVG of the missile forces.
  11. +4
    April 8 2020 13: 01
    Any person who has experience of living on dry rations for more than 7-10 days will remember the word "sukhpai" with a shudder for the rest of his life. And if we add to this the disinfected drinking water from "suspicious sources" - many have long been dead, cirrhosis and liver tumors have taken their toll.
    That’s why they distinguish between dry rations - meals for a period of not more than three days without preparing hot food, and a wearable untouchable supply - a stock of products for a longer period.
    1. +1
      April 9 2020 19: 55
      Here it is not necessary. A modern dry bed is great for a week. I personally tried to live like that. In 2012, it was about the case. The main thing is that there are different diets.
      1. +2
        April 9 2020 20: 04
        You do not compare modern rations and dry tea forty years ago.
        1. 0
          April 9 2020 20: 08
          Well, in this sense, I agree. What was 80 I do not know.
          1. +1
            April 9 2020 20: 31
            A can of stew, a can of pearl barley with meat, sometimes a can of buckwheat with meat, crackers, tea, sugar. Rusks are black. There was also lard and dry potato powder. It's hard to call this potato food. And then I could not eat fat for about five years.
            1. 0
              April 9 2020 20: 37
              Do not eat. And rusks say they were such that they could be thrown, in bunkers and tanks. It’s good that there is progress in this area.
  12. +2
    April 8 2020 14: 34
    I recall Mozdok 2001 - for two a loaf of bread, pork stew 1 can and 1 can of buckwheat with meat. Water from the belly. 3 days ... Winter
  13. +1
    April 8 2020 14: 55
    I strongly recommend lovers of beef stew to look for the Belarusian Berezovsky meat processing plant (RB). They sell it in bulk. On the bank is the head of a red bull. Just don’t confuse, someone has a very similar can (Glavproduct, like).
  14. 0
    April 8 2020 19: 06
    Afghan, Turkvo, SAVO sat on the Semipalatinsk stew. Some say KTOF didn’t eat.
    1. +3
      April 8 2020 22: 01
      He served in KTURKVO in Ashgabat, then in Kabul, 90 percent of the cans were in solidarity without signs of a manufacturer with the marking of the year of manufacture and contents.
  15. +2
    April 10 2020 22: 26
    In 1993-95, there were "Afghan norms" of allowances in Tajikistan. 2 cans of meat, a can of porridge, a chocolate bar 50 g (in winter) or juice 125 g (in summer), condensed milk 50 g, sugar, tea, biscuits, dry alcohol, 3 alcoholized napkins. This is from the scouts. In the infantry - combined arms rations. If it is a subdivision, then the products are "loose", down to milk and egg powder. Cook as you can. Nobody went hungry.

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