The main myths around the Kalashnikov assault rifle

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The Ministry of Defense announced that in 2020 it will purchase 40000 new AK-12 Kalashnikov assault rifles for the needs of the department. This is a new model of the famous weapons. Two years ago, they began to do it in series.

Hugo Schmeisser has nothing to do with it ...


The appearance of the AK-12 in the troops reminded that Kalashnikovs are now in service in more than 100 countries around the world. And the Indians last March launched their own factory for the production of "Kalash", moreover, their most modern designs.



These good news they didn’t interfere with the new wave of circulation of myths that clung to Kalashnikov for his more than seventy years history. The main one: the first-born of the AK-47 series - just a replica of the German STG-44 assault rifle (Sturmgever) designer Hugo Schmeisser.

Proponents of this myth speak of a certain external similarity between an assault rifle and a rifle, and also that from 1946 to 1952, Hugo Schmeisser, along with other German gunsmiths, worked in the design bureau of the Izhmash plant.

This is the end of the argument for myth. Real facts come into play. They are like that. Kalashnikov’s construction was preceded by another Soviet development - the Tula automatic machine of Bulkin or TKB-415, with which there is also an external similarity, even more than with the STG-44.

In addition, comparing the AK-47 with a German rifle, experts came to the conclusion that there was nothing in common in their details. The difference is visible from the locking mechanism to the trigger. And most importantly - the rifle and machine gun are made under completely different cartridges: 7,92x33 mm and 7,62x39 mm, respectively.

From the first myth follows the second. As if the German gunsmiths gave the Kalashnikov assault rifle the simplicity and reliability with which he became famous throughout the world. Here we must turn to history. The AK-47 walked heavily into the series. He was bulky, uncomfortable, difficult to handle. Weapons could only be serviced by specially trained soldiers. So he did not even get into the Korean War of 1950-1953. The first use of a Kalashnikov assault rifle came in 1956, in Hungary.

In Izhevsk Design Bureau meanwhile, work was underway to change the design of the machine. We experimented with materials and steels, tested new ways of processing them. As a result, in 1959, the country received a modernized Kalashnikov assault rifle - AKM. It was simple and reliable, lightened by 700 grams. It was then that the legendary Kalashnikov assault rifle was born, which until today has not lost its brilliance and superiority over other small arms.

Listen to the experts


There are myths of a different order, so to speak, debunking the “established stereotype”. These include allegations that the Kalashnikov assault rifle, like any other weapon, overheats in operation, and then “spits out” the cartridge or simply wedges it. Proponents of this version can only say one thing: you can foolishly break anything. Better listen to a reputable expert.

“The Kalashnikov assault rifle, in my opinion, is the best example of an army assault rifle in terms of the ratio of indicators such as technical characteristics (range, rate of fire) and reliability,” Sergey Zainullin, deputy chairman of the All-Russian Society of Civil Weapons Owners, said on the TV channel Zvezda. - Indeed, army weapons, unlike hunting and sports weapons, are operated in very harsh conditions. This is water, and dirt, and sand. The Kalashnikov assault rifle has shown its high reliability both in African sands and in the Arctic. And everywhere this weapon works absolutely reliably. ”

What the experts agree with is the fact that the shortened modification of the AK-74 - AKS-74U did not justify itself in the airborne troops. The military called this modification an amphibious assault, although the designers initially developed the AKS-74U for melee defense of the crews of various military vehicles, artillerymen, signalmen, etc.

Convenient shortened machine gun and really liked the paratroopers. Attitude towards him changed during the Afghan war. As you know, the landing is not limited to close combat. At long distances, the AKS-74U showed a shorter range and critically low accuracy of fire.

In addition, in a long and intense battle, the shortened machine gun overheated. Therefore, the AKS-74U was taken from the paratroopers and returned to those to whom it was supposed to be, as an effective replacement for a pistol in the conditions of defense against the enemy after the defeat of a regular combat vehicle.

You can recall a couple of myths about the legendary machine. For example, about the incredible simplicity of the production of “Kalash” or about the fact that he did not change his classically successful design for decades. Better pay attention to his ancestral heir - AK-12.

He also has a difficult fate. Introduced to the public in 2011, the new machine failed the first tests. It was finalized again, tested and, finally, in 2015 it was adopted. However, the new machine went into the series and the troops only in 2018.

Let's hope that now with the AK-12 the countdown of the history of Kalashnikov assault rifles of the new era will begin, and he will become the same legend as his eminent predecessor.
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  1. -16
    19 February 2020 18: 18
    If the author refers to the first serial AK as "AK-47" .... Is there any point in reading the article further?
    1. +15
      19 February 2020 18: 27
      Has - pay attention to the year of publication

      1. -9
        19 February 2020 20: 12
        To be honest, the words of the late Mikhail Timofeevich Kalashnikov that it is correct to say "AK" and not "AK-47" seem to me much more authoritative.
        The AK-47 is just one of the earliest versions of the assault rifle that entered service in 1949 as the AK.
      2. +2
        20 February 2020 00: 02
        Connoisseurs love to post this guide. But for some reason they will not understand the issue to the end.

        AK-47 is an experimental assault rifle made in the amount of 1500 pieces for military tests, according to the results of which the Kalashnikov assault rifle (AK) was adopted under the name 7,62 mm.
        The AK-47 was never in service and was not mass-produced.
        1. +3
          20 February 2020 18: 26
          Quote: Undecim
          AK-47 is an experimental assault rifle made in the amount of 1500 pieces for military tests, according to the results of which the Kalashnikov assault rifle (AK) was adopted under the name 7,62 mm.
          The AK-47 was never in service and was not mass-produced.

          1500 pcs and not serially ???? You are wrong, this is a small series. And the machine itself is "pre-production", and it has several subspecies AK-47 model 1, 2, 3, 4 ...
        2. +4
          21 February 2020 12: 52
          Perhaps you should turn to the most authoritative expert in this matter - Mikhail Timofeevich Kalashnikov himself.
          Let's take his book "Notes of a Weapon Designer". In it, Kalashnikov calls the AK-47 assault rifle everywhere (even if we are talking about later modifications).
          Let's take another book - "The Trajectory of Destiny", authors Kalashnikov MT, Kalashnikova EM .. The picture is the same. Kalashnikov M.T. several dozen times he calls his AK-47 assault rifle.
          That is, the AK-47 is not at all the "Hollywood" name of the famous assault rifle. And if Kalashnikov stubbornly (despite the orders of Minister Ustinov) calls his brainchild AK-47, then there are good reasons for that. And it is not for us to convince Kalanikov that he is wrong.
          1. 0
            21 February 2020 13: 27
            Kalashnikov can call his machine gun in private correspondence and memoirs as he likes.
            The question is, under what name was the machine made and was in service.
            If you find the GRAU index on weapons with the name AK-47, I will be grateful.
            Everything else is transfusion from empty to empty.
            All the best.
          2. 0
            10 March 2020 02: 46
            You never know what Kalashnikov called his machine gun in books written by someone, take Stalin’s decree in one of the last two Kalashnikov magazines last year and read for yourself how to properly name this type of weapon.
      3. -1
        10 March 2020 02: 41
        Dear this photoshop was made by the wise men of the theory that the Kalashnikov assault rifle allegedly had the name AK 47. In one of the last issues of the Kalashnikov magazine last year, 11 or 12 I do not remember exactly what for you like Stalin’s decree on adopting a Kalashnikov assault rifle and how to call it, so there aren’t any 47 numbers there at all. If you don’t believe, see for yourself.
      4. 0
        10 March 2020 02: 50
        And yet, why do you think the next modification of the machine was called AKM and not AKM 47 or AK 47M?
    2. +3
      19 February 2020 18: 31
      In Google banned?
      1. +4
        19 February 2020 18: 55
        Especially if SCS -45, then no one comes into hysteria for some reason.
      2. +1
        20 February 2020 18: 30
        Quote: infantryman2020
        In Google banned?

        This instruction is just for those who conducted military trials of the AK, then these instructions looked like this:
        1. +1
          21 February 2020 05: 40
          15 copies?
          1. -1
            21 February 2020 11: 07
            Quote: mat-vey
            15 copies?

            And why so sure that this is only this instruction? The numbering could be end-to-end, that is 14 735 is generally the literature that was released that year
            1. +1
              21 February 2020 11: 09
              Quote: svp67
              The numbering could be end-to-end, there are 14 735 toyes, which are generally literature that was released that year

              And how then reported on the net?
              1. -1
                21 February 2020 11: 13
                Quote: mat-vey
                And how then reported on the net?

                So report back ... they know very well that, for example, numbers from 14000 to 15000 belong to this manual, and if a leaflet with this number is just found, then there will be no questions about which manual it belonged to
                1. +1
                  21 February 2020 11: 16
                  And why are they wondering so wonderfully? Maybe all the same according to MT Kalashnikov? Do it easier?
                  1. 0
                    21 February 2020 11: 21
                    Quote: mat-vey
                    And why are they so sophisticated wondering?

                    In every hut, your toys
    3. -3
      19 February 2020 20: 28
      And what should he call, like without -? Stop making this nonsense.
  2. -2
    19 February 2020 18: 19
    good Kalashnikov, there is Kalashnikov, there’s nothing to add
  3. +6
    19 February 2020 18: 21
    And in the case?
    Continuous rehash.
    There will be pain in the comments of the information ...
  4. +2
    19 February 2020 18: 23
    The title of the article is promising, but in the end I could not find for myself the answer to the question of whether Kalash breaks the rail.
    1. +13
      19 February 2020 19: 38
      Quote: Vyacheslav Viktorovich
      Does Kalash break through the rail.

      punches. along.
      1. -1
        20 February 2020 08: 32
        Quote: polar fox
        punches. along.

        wooden ... laughing
        1. 0
          20 February 2020 10: 28
          My father served in the railway troops, he told me I had to adapt the holes in the neck of the hole in the field, but under the cartridge 7,62x54. I won’t tell you which holes to make holes, most likely something like R-24 or R-18.
          1. 0
            20 February 2020 11: 50
            Quote: mat-vey
            most likely something like R-24 or R-18.

            These rails are for narrow gauge roads with minimal load, such as trolleys. Although they have a neck of no more than 10,5 mm, I think there is no guarantee of penetration. And then, why do we need a hole of 8 mm, if the bolts of the butt joint M27. Probably this adapt was for 8 and below (which below - I can not imagine). Even on 8 hole 16mm according to gost
            1. +1
              20 February 2020 12: 49
              That was in 1954 +. Most likely, but not sooner, but for any temporary narrow-gauge railways and temporary bypass routes when eliminating the consequences.
          2. 0
            26 February 2020 05: 32
            There were such, PO-1 and PO-2, PD-3 - a device for punching a rail neck. It looks like a huge micrometer. Of course, a hole was not punched there by a bullet, but by a punch, just a blank cartridge was used as a source of energy. And also the powder rail breakers PR-1 (A), PR-2 were quite common. A blank cartridge was also used there. And there was a crimp in the kit to "make" blanks out of combat ones - to remove the bullet, fill it with mastic, squeeze it.
            1. 0
              26 February 2020 05: 32
              Here, in fact, the picture was found
    2. +2
      19 February 2020 20: 13
      What difficulties, on YouTube, it is full, who just does not check, armor-piercing incendiary with a rail neck from 20 meters.
    3. +2
      19 February 2020 20: 29
      No, it doesn’t.
  5. +13
    19 February 2020 18: 24
    Yes, these sofa "experts" have already got it. Find ten differences or who stole what.
    1. +1
      19 February 2020 18: 46
      And why should the thing be disconnected from the thing?
      1. +3
        19 February 2020 19: 14
        So there is a return spring ..
        1. 0
          19 February 2020 19: 33
          Thanks for the info. I never saw a thing in real life.
          1. 0
            19 February 2020 19: 35
            I, too, unfortunately, only AKM and AK-74 live
            1. +1
              19 February 2020 19: 37
              I shot from a Mauser (gun), though from a bolo.
              1. -1
                19 February 2020 19: 39
                There is only Nagant (and even then one-time), PM and Margolin.
    2. +1
      20 February 2020 04: 41
      Proponents of this myth speak of a certain external similarity between an assault rifle and a rifle
      On this basis, I demand that Maybach be considered a copy of the hunchbacked Constipation!
  6. -1
    19 February 2020 18: 28
    AK - everything, he is being replaced by the "Centurion".
    1. 0
      19 February 2020 18: 57
      And what about the "Sotnik" (well, maybe), Dvoryaninov's cartridge 6x54?
      1. 0
        19 February 2020 19: 32
        It is necessary to find out in TsNIITochmash, which is the main executor for "Sotnik".
    2. +1
      19 February 2020 19: 00
      Isn't "Sotnik" a set of equipment?
      1. +3
        19 February 2020 19: 35
        "Sotnik" is a comprehensive program for 2020-2023, consisting of subprograms:
        "Sotnik-SO" - small arms,
        "Sotnik-BP" - ammunition,
        "Sotnik-SIB" - means of individual body armor.
        1. 0
          20 February 2020 01: 08
          Thanks, interesting.
  7. +4
    19 February 2020 18: 36
    Soap, start over

    How much can be poured from empty to empty. Before the memory of M.T. Kalashnikov, I am ashamed.
  8. +5
    19 February 2020 18: 50
    Nothing new is said. All this has long been known.
  9. +2
    19 February 2020 18: 51
    The Kalashnikov design was preceded by another Soviet development - the Tula automatic machine of Bulkin or TKB-415.
    And there is no external resemblance to the AK-46 variant2? Moreover, after the competition in 1944, Bulkin's assault rifle lost its exotic appearance and became "vertically" similar to the AS-44 Sudaev.
  10. +3
    19 February 2020 18: 58
    The more myths, the more popular the trunk. But we should not forget that there is no limit to perfection. The main thing is not to complicate, as is customary in the modern world. The idea of ​​Kalash is simplicity. Hang gadgets, but don’t complicate. The main metal, that is, the barrel, spring and receiver! I am not a gunsmith, I am a user (the former and not the fact that not the future). I could be wrong
    1. 0
      20 February 2020 09: 44
      The main thing is not to complicate, as is customary in the modern world.

      It’s hard to make it simple. And to make it difficult, simple to do.
  11. +3
    19 February 2020 19: 02
    Residents of Moscow and the region can go to an exhibition of weapons of Syrian barmaley. There are a lot of storm troopers. So compare with AK. The direct successor to Sturmweger is the Spanish Setme and its licensed copy from Hackler und Koch.
    1. 0
      19 February 2020 19: 20
      The direct successor to Sturmweger is the Spanish Setme and its licensed copy from Hackler und Koch.

      What kind of storm trooper do you mean? If Mauserian Stg 45, then - yes, of course. Because the Heinelovsky Stg 44 has nothing to do with SETM, except perhaps only Germanic roots. hi
      1. +1
        19 February 2020 19: 25
        I apologize, from the instinct I forgot the correct transcription of the assault hever. Assault weapons. SETME was created by immigrants from Germany (not a company, a rifle. To this day is in service). Heckler und Koch created in 50 stupidly bought a production license. Information in directories and at the office. Manufacturer's sites. Kalash with a stormtrooper beguiled, only a blind man can.
        1. +1
          19 February 2020 19: 47
          Quote: Dmitriy Zadorozhniy
          Kalash with a stormtrooper beguiled, only a blind man can.

          And alternatively gifted?
        2. +3
          19 February 2020 20: 51
          Not only blind, as life shows
          1. 0
            20 February 2020 05: 40
            This creative person is a common thing ..
  12. 0
    19 February 2020 20: 07
    Put on mass production, it’s not squish candy with tea.
    This is an indicator of metrology. standardization and quality control of the highest order.
  13. 0
    19 February 2020 21: 23
    Schmeiser has nothing to do with it. And Walter or Sudaev?
    1. 0
      20 February 2020 05: 42
      With Sudaev from one design bureau all the more a master mentor, no one canceled the legacy. And Walter, what side?
      1. 0
        20 February 2020 09: 56
        There was a Walter submachine gun, which influenced the design choice more than a Schmeiser submachine gun. This is not a statement, but a question.
        1. 0
          20 February 2020 10: 03
          Quote: Pavel57
          There was a Walter submachine gun, which influenced the design choice more than a Schmeiser submachine gun.

          And what is in the "construction" from Walter, who so influenced her?
      2. 0
        20 February 2020 10: 18
        The machine uses a gas exhaust system, in which part of the powder gases ejecting bullets is removed from the barrel through two holes in a special casing. These gases press on the annular gas piston, which is placed around the barrel and sleeve, which translates the shutter in contrast to previous Walther designs, in which the piston was used for these purposes. The barrel is locked by turning the bolt, in front of which there are combat stops.

        The checkbox translator firing modes displayed on both sides of the receiver. The sighting device is mounted on a high base due to the use of a “linear” scheme (the butt and the moving parts of the automation are on the same axis as the barrel) and consists of a front sight with a gunner and a sector sight.

        Butt wooden. In the manufacture of the machine, stamping was widely used.
        1. 0
          20 February 2020 10: 23
          Well, this is closer to Korovin, but the "design" is not like that. The Kurkovy trigger, so everyone began to "get carried away" with them, they even forced Schmeisser to change the trigger.
  14. +1
    19 February 2020 21: 28
    hi To name "AK-47", just, there can be no complaints - this is documentary fact! Yes, dear aka Wiruz, already, your colleagues have given a very clear example! Yes

    And so, allegedly "refuting (although The author's personal value judgment can hardly be considered an "argument of refutation": wassat
    foolishly you can break anything.
    ??!) "some" myths ", right there, others are attracted by the ears! Yes

    Not to mention the fact that when you read the phrase about, because of the "overheating of the weapon", "spitting out" the cartridge, everything becomes extremely clear and understandable with the level of "mastery of the material of the declared topic" ... request winked

    Another characteristic "pearl" from the same series of "refuting myth-making" wassat
    Kalashnikov’s construction was preceded by another Soviet development - the Tula automatic machine of Bulkin ...

    so, "no comment"! request smile

    Never, for all, more than half a century, of his adult life (even in incomplete 5 years, for the first time taking in his hands a rusty, from the war, "mosinka", from school childhood and during the first half of his life feeling and re-sorting-re-assembling almost all modifications 7,62 mm AK and AKM, as well as -5,45 mm AKS-74, in his youth and youth after shooting a lot of AKM and AKS-74, not counting other types of domestic small arms and still, although without the previous "enthusiasm", being interested in weapon history and designs) have not heard about these "myths":
    You can recall a couple of myths about the legendary machine. For example, about the incredible simplicity of the production of "Kalash" or about the fact that he did not change his classically successful design for decades.

    "from which finger were they sucked" ??! After all, this could only be "remembered" by someone who is not at all familiar with the history of the creation and production of AK (even with its embellished "canonical" version!) ??!
    Never, in more than 10 years of my "surfing the Web", including on many weapons and military-historical sites and forums, have I come across such "myths about the simplicity of production and the invariability of the AK design" (maybe only I passed this cup , and some thread from the readers-commentators of the VO, in all honesty, still heard about "something similar" from kindergartners or some "type of weapons expert" from the "echo" of Moscow ??!) ??!

    I do not want to dwell on other obvious author's "myths" - I see that our esteemed colleagues are already fruitfully working on this! good
    Reading such "mythical" would-be "refutations", I do not know whether to laugh or cry - probably this is from the category of those cases when the "catch phrase" is applicable:
    paved road to hell

    ?! what

    And yet, my personal opinion, IMHO, so to speak: if I had a choice, I would like to have, fully trusting my life, AKM or AK-74 in battle!
    But not AK-12 (15), since it is quite obvious to me (even from incomplete disassembly and assembly of this "similarity") that its "creators" frankly neglected the conceptual foundations that were originally laid in the design of AKwho know a lot about army weapons, Mikhail Timofeevich Kalashnikov and his associates in NIIPSMVO, as well as Kovrov and Izhevsk gunsmiths (all workers and engineering and technical specialties), who participated in the creation, testing, production and technical support of serial production of this "family" of the famous weapon-Warrior!

    PS I know very well that such critical comments of mine usually "do not survive" on VO, so I refrain, and this time I also wanted to keep quiet, so as not to waste my time and nerves in vain, but I could not resist .... perhaps I got the reins. ... or "the stars fell like that" ?! winked
  15. -17
    19 February 2020 21: 52
    To all the smithereens: German designers after the war worked in the USSR in special camps and special zones. Naturally, they brought the machine to mind. By the way, in the space industry, German designers played a major role. Read Ivanovsky. Missile technology was also made by the Germans. Their salaries were three times higher than the salaries of Soviet designers. All this is in the memoirs, all this is described. The same goes for anti-aircraft missiles, instrumentation, etc. But all this is fair: we defeated Germany with the allies, and, of course, took advantage of their design developments.
    1. +6
      19 February 2020 22: 51
      Quote: Old Fuck
      To all the smithereens: German designers after the war worked in the USSR in special camps and special zones. Naturally, they brought the machine to mind.

      Yes, the Germans did everything. Russian only stood on the towers.
  16. 0
    19 February 2020 22: 06
    A good machine was created by Mikhail Timofeevich. More than one generation of calome throwers has grown on it. wassat

    And most importantly - the rifle and machine gun are made for completely different cartridges: 7,92x33 mm and 7,62x39 mm, respectively.

    Generally not the topic. Based on this, it turns out that the AKM and AK-74 are completely different designs.
    Let's not be like Kalashnikov's "krittegs" claiming to be copied in the form of a store.
  17. +3
    19 February 2020 22: 24
    The article poured water over 2 pages, but what the author wanted to say was left unpublished. All the Schmeisser / non Schmeisser, Sturmgever / Ne Sturmgever handouts have been discussed a hundred times and all verdicts have been handed down by weapons experts: not Schmeisser-Ne Sturm.
    It seems that the author today found out about the comparison, was amazed, and decided to write a summary in a run.
  18. -3
    19 February 2020 22: 24

    So they won.
    1. +2
      20 February 2020 08: 25
      Who won? When did you win?
  19. -8
    19 February 2020 22: 33
    M 16 incorporates the main ideas of the shtwegever .. Something like a frame breaking on a hinge ... A spring is put into the butt .... (line-up), and so on trifles like a curtain closing the extractor windows there is a long list .. Kolashnikov took the concept to come with Germans and measures embodied by slow-wittedness even later
    1. 0
      20 February 2020 05: 53
      What do you mean by a “concept?” If about an “assault rifle”, then it fought in the First World War.
      1. 0
        24 November 2020 23: 46
        An assault rifle is a weapon for an intermediate cartridge, which the Germans disassembled and embodied in a specific weapon in 1943, and what do you mean ... and m16, as I wrote above, looks more like a Stumgever in terms of the device, this is a fact .... ak 47 is another system
        1. 0
          25 November 2020 16: 33
          The authors of this concept are considered the French, who proposed to strengthen the armament of the infantry with automatic rifles suitable for firing from the shoulder or from the belt from the hands, on the move or from short stops. The purpose of these automatic rifles was to support infantry, armed with conventional magazine rifles, directly during an attack on enemy positions.
          And the intermediate cartridge is only a solution to the recoil acceptable to the average person. And the so-called intermediate cartridges were already in the First World War and in more than one country.
          what is the "other system"?
    2. The comment was deleted.
    3. 0
      27 February 2020 06: 57
      What can I say? The fact that you write about Kalashnikov is not even nonsense, but the propaganda vyser is very reminiscent of ukroexperds.
  20. +1
    20 February 2020 05: 08
    I had to hear the phrase in different places (different parts of the planet): "There are only two real and irreplaceable things: a dollar and a Kalashnikov assault rifle."
  21. 0
    20 February 2020 19: 31
    The dispute over the designation of this type of weapon has no reason. No matter how AK is indicated, there is no fundamental difference in design. There are only technological differences.
    1. 0
      21 February 2020 21: 18
      Quote: Monster_Fat
      "There are only two real and irreplaceable things: the dollar and the Kalashnikov assault rifle."

      Yes, this is a saying !!!
  22. 0
    27 February 2020 06: 51
    Kalashnikov’s magazine last November has an article describing the differences between AK and German Sturmgevehr 44 (Mp 43) .Mikhail Degtyarev, editor of the magazine, specially wrote an article where he posted photographs of both samples for people who like to speculate about borrowing Kalashikov from a stormtrooper. So they didn’t lie close to anyone. Anyone who is interested can see for themselves by reading the article.
  23. 0
    5 March 2020 08: 47
    Nevertheless, in Damansky, after the soldiers fired three horns in a row, the machine gun overheated and spat on the shots ... The barrel was brought up much later ... The worst thing for AK is not to clean it after getting into a puddle of water. Rust appears in the barrel ..

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