Global warhead delivery range. Sarmat today and tomorrow
Russian Strategic Rocket Forces celebrate their 60th anniversary with new work aimed at increasing combat effectiveness and maintaining combat potential. In this context, the project of a promising complex with the RS-28 Sarmat intercontinental missile is of particular importance. Now preparations are underway for a new stage of testing, and in a few years the finished sample will go into service.
According to the commander in chief ...
The latest information about the status and prospects of the Sarmat project was recently announced by Colonel General Sergei Karakaev, Commander of the Strategic Missile Forces. An interview with him was published on December 16 in The Red Star.
According to S. Karakaev, preparations are underway for conducting state flight tests of a new rocket. In addition, the leading military universities are already studying the characteristics, design and capabilities of the new complex.
The leading enterprise in the serial production of Sarmatov will be the Krasnoyarsk Machine-Building Plant. Now it is modernizing the production base, due to which new tasks will be solved in the future.
The Commander-in-Chief reaffirmed that the first new weapon will receive the 62nd missile Uzhursky Red Banner Division (Krasnoyarsk Territory). According to previous reports, now they are preparing to receive promising missiles there.
The new-generation Sarmat complex is intended to replace the older R-36M2 Voyevoda systems. As mass production, modern missiles will replace existing products on duty. Strategic Missile Forces extend the life of R-36M2 missiles, for which purpose in the GRTs im. Makeeva is carrying out the corresponding development work. The GRC project will allow keeping the Voivode on duty until the advent of a modern replacement.
The Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Missile Forces recalled the characteristic advantages of the new Sarmat missile. In terms of basic characteristics, it should not be inferior to the previous sample, but in other respects it is superior to it. A wider range of military equipment is also provided, from a number of existing warheads to promising hypersonic systems.
Sarmat missile deliveries will have to affect the general state of the Strategic Missile Forces weapons. So, in 2024, the share of modern designs is planned to be brought up to 100%. Old Soviet-made systems will be completely decommissioned, and only newer missiles will remain in service, including "Sarmat."
Plans for the future
According to well-known data, the technical design of the Sarmat complex has now been completed. Last year, a full throw test cycle was conducted. After this, preparation for flight tests began, which continues to this day. The timing of the first full launch has not yet been specified.
Last year, the Strategic Missile Forces command indicated that the first production Sarmatians would be deployed by the 62nd Missile Division. Now it continues to operate the aging R-36M2 missiles, but is already preparing to receive modern RS-28s. The command plans to put on duty the first "Sarmat" in 2021. Then, in a few years, all "Voivode" connections will be decommissioned with replacement.
Earlier, open sources mentioned the future rearmament of the 13th missile Orenburg Red Banner Division. Like the 62nd Missile Division, it is now armed with R-36M2 systems that need to be replaced. Arming new systems is expected in the early twenties.
Within a few years, probably by the second half of the twenties, two missile divisions would finally abandon the well-deserved but outdated Voevoda ICBMs. They will be replaced by modern RS-28 with higher characteristics, capable of providing a number of new capabilities to the Strategic Missile Forces.
However, before starting mass production and putting on duty, it is necessary to conduct flight tests and carry out fine-tuning of equipment. This will take some time, but so far there is no reason for a serious revision of the work schedule. Apparently, the 62nd Missile Division will indeed receive the Sarmatians in 2021.
Strength issues
The Russian Ministry of Defense has not yet announced its plans regarding the number of Sarmatians required. This led to the emergence of various forecasts and estimates. In addition, data allegedly from foreign intelligence is known.
So, in July, the American CNBC channel, citing the US intelligence community, spoke about the Strategic Missile Forces plans to receive at least 60 new ICBMs. At the same time, it was argued that Sarmat will be able to be brought to combat duty already in 2020 - up to the deadlines previously mentioned by officials.
Information from U.S. intelligence does not yet have official confirmation, but it looks quite believable. It is this number of missiles that is necessary to replace the existing R-36M2 in two divisions in the proportion of “1: 1”, and also, possibly, to create a small reserve.
According to open data, about three dozen silo-based ICBMs can now be deployed in the 13th and 62nd missile divisions. Thus, the use of existing facilities will replace almost 60 old Voevod with the same number of new Sarmatians. In addition, a certain number of missiles should go into arsenals to create a reserve for the future. However, estimates of foreign intelligence may differ from the real plans of the Russian Strategic Missile Forces.
Political factor
At the moment, the development of Russian strategic nuclear forces, including Strategic Rocket Forces, taking into account the limitations of the Treaty on the Reduction of Offensive Arms (START III). This document will be valid until February 2021 - unless Russia and the United States extend it or work out a new agreement. Further developments in the area of strategic nuclear forces directly depend on the decisions of Moscow and Washington.
START III imposes restrictions on the number of nuclear weapons carriers (general and deployed), as well as on the number of warheads. The formation of strategic nuclear forces is carried out in a given framework. Taking advantage of this, countries are constantly forming and changing the configuration of their forces. The absence of restrictions on the IOS-III will give them the opportunity to uncontrolled build up arsenals.
It is also necessary to remember the third countries that are not part of the existing Russian-American agreements, but that have nuclear weapons. They also have to be considered a potential threat that should be considered when planning.
If START III is not extended or replaced, the first stage of deployment of the RS-28 ICBMs will be in a very difficult period. Our country will have to closely monitor the former partners in the agreement and respond to their actions. One of the answers to the growth of foreign strategic nuclear forces may be an increase in the number of own missiles on duty.
According to well-known data, Sarmat, being a heavy-class rocket, must show high performance. Stated "global" range of delivery of warheads. The warhead can carry at least a dozen combat guidance units of individual guidance. Also, the RS-28 will become the carrier of the Avangard hypersonic percussion apparatus. All this makes Sarmat a convenient and flexible tool to deter a potential adversary - both for the Strategic Missile Forces and within the framework of all strategic nuclear forces.
In the case of maintaining the offensive arms treaty, Sarmat will be entrusted with the task of updating the materiel, including with the growth of combat capabilities. In this context, all the special capabilities of the rocket will also be more than useful.
Waiting for new items
It is obvious that in a few years our strategic missile forces will receive completely new weapons with special capabilities that can significantly affect defense capability. However, to obtain such results, you need to carry out a lot of important work. So far, the state’s flight tests of the rocket remain the main item on the agenda. Only after that, “Sarmat” can be transferred to the troops and put on combat duty.
The process of developing and finalizing a new missile complex is taking place against the backdrop of a deteriorating international situation, breaking agreements and certain risks. All this requires improving the strategic nuclear forces and strategic missile forces in response to new challenges. One of the main answers of this kind will be the expected XNUMX% renewal of arms of the strategic missile forces, and the new Sarmat is its most important component.
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