On the humanitarian masterpieces of the Stalin era

Stalin's censorship, persecution of literary works, the extreme ideologization of the school curriculum are a set of stamps from modern historians, who, as often happens, consider only one side of the coin. The fact that this coin (like any other) has a downside, in the program "Intelligence" argues historian Yegor Yakovlev.

The historian emphasizes that the ideological component, of course, took place. Moreover, often the representatives of the creative intelligentsia, trying to achieve certain dividends for themselves, could go “over the heads” of their colleagues, who quickly turned into opponents, “sworn friends”.

For all this, ideology, as it turned out, did not put a fat cross on domestic humanitarian science. To a large extent, a certain framework made it possible to develop the humanitarian direction “in depth”.

Egor Yakovlev:

The Stalin era has become the era of the emergence of outstanding humanitarian masterpieces that are not outdated even today, and today they are interesting from one point or another.

One example is the colossal work in the USSR on the formation of an enlightened society, a knowledge society in the country: when the literacy level in the USSR grew several times over a couple of decades, revealing a real world phenomenon.

Comments

[Alexander Suvorov]

NasRat (Evlampy Spiridonovich)
as a social experiment .... more + or -?

Plus for the poster, and minus for the mockery!

[New Year day]

Quote: Nasr

Something about Brezhnev every day do not remember? Although most of the current commentators from the Brezhnev era ...

Sucks Leonid Ilyich!

[Nasrat]

Oh ... variety ...


need to add holiness!

[New Year day]

Quote: Nasr

need to add holiness!

I agree...

[Nasrat]

And so it is necessary three times a day! Throughout the week ...
The sect is formed !!!

[Svarog]

One example is the colossal work in the USSR on the formation of an enlightened society, a knowledge society in the country: when the literacy level in the USSR grew several times over a couple of decades, revealing a real world phenomenon.

It is precisely that the education of the population is only one phenomenon .. just think about it, before the revolution, only 14% of the Russian population were literate, and already in the 40s -100%.
And there are opportunities for such a breakthrough now, now even more, only government officials are needed in power, and not a punks who still can’t get enough of money.

[Foul skeptic]

and already in the 40s -100%

this is not true.

[Sergey Valov]

"Before the revolution, only 14% of Russia's population were literate" - not true, in fact, many times more.

[Alexander Suvorov]

That's right at times ?! Well, surprise us with another "masterpiece" about general education in tsarist Russia. No, I did not write correctly, in Russia which we lost, this is how you think it will be more correct.

[Foul skeptic]

After all, man did not write about general education. 14% is actually an understated figure. More likely 30 percent of the total data. Another question is that the criteria for education are constantly increasing, what was considered a sufficient level of education at the beginning of the century, was insufficient in the middle and so on. Well, the plus is that the Caucasus almost did not shine to become educated, and Asia did not shine at all to become educated under the policies that were pursued.

[Alexander Suvorov]

Vile Skeptic (Timur)
After all, man did not write about general education.

Well, as if his phrase:

"Before the revolution, only 14% of Russia's population were literate" - not true, in fact, many times more.

At times, this means at times, i.e. 2, 3, 4 times, and maybe more. But even 14% I consider an overestimated figure. Because church parish 3 classes are not an education from the word at all!

[Kirill Dou]

Literacy is not synonymous with education. Literacy is the ability to read and write. Therefore, yes, parish schools provided literacy, but not education. Early, like a school in the USSR, it also did not necessarily make a person educated.

[Foul skeptic]

At times, this means at times, i.e. 2, 3, 4 times, and maybe more

Can. Or maybe not.

Because church parish 3 classes are not an education from the word at all!

I wrote about

Another question is that the criteria for education are constantly increasing, what was considered a sufficient level of education at the beginning of the century, was insufficient in the middle and so on.

The first 11 years of the educational program did not differ much in the level of knowledge provided from the central vocational school
The course of educational program at first was calculated 3-4 months. The program included reading, writing, the simplest account. In the early 1920s, the People's Commissariat for Education clarified that classes at the liquidation center had as their goal to teach reading clear print and written fonts; make short notes necessary in life and official affairs; read and write integer and fractional numbers, percentages, understand diagrams and schemes.
And only in 1930 a new round began - seven-year periods, graduation in literate, illiterate and illiterate and a course on retraining of illiterate in literate.
So yes, illiterate in the USSR-it is literate in the Republic of Ingushetia. And all this is just the nuances of the account. There is no point in arguing about the level of education without first deciding on this very level.

[opus]

Quote: Alexander Suvorov

At times, this means at times, i.e. 2, 3, 4 times, and maybe more

complex issue...

Wait, wait! Let me look at you last time... [A. Ostrovsky, "The Thunderstorm"]
You will be prudent and not lie like those times. [Chekhov, "The Swedish Match"]

Dictionary of the Russian language in four volumes, volume III, 1959.
Other using the "times" dictionary of the time did not expect.

There is a literate expression "several times more".
If the number is 10 times more, we can say "an order of magnitude more"

Quote: Alexander Suvorov

are not an education from the word at all!

but what is "Education"?
A. This is the actual presence in a person of a significant amount of knowledge, as well as skills that enable him to apply this knowledge in practice.
I think that there were an order of magnitude more educated in Russia before the revolution than in today's Russia.
And literacy in% - it was like that

/ / /
Sources:

 Show / Hide text

+ Bychkov N. Literacy of the rural population according to Zemstvo statistics // Legal Bulletin. 1890. July-August. S. 310-312.
+ Lenin V.I. About our schools. Full Sobr. Op. Volume 24. M .: Publishing house of political literature, 1973.
+ Maslov S.A. On the popular spread of literacy in Russia on a religious and moral basis. M., 1848.
+ Population of the USSR: according to the All-Union Population Census of 1989 / State. com USSR statistics. Inf. Centre. M .: Finance and statistics, 1990. 45 p.
+ Rashin A.G. The population of Russia for 100 years (1813-1913) .M .: State Statistical Publishing House, 1956.
+ Rubakin N. Literacy / Encyclopedic Dictionary. F. Brockhaus, I.A. Efron St. Petersburg, 1893.
T. IX-a. S. 537-539.

----------------------------
Threat. victims of the exam in the Russian Empire and in the USSR until 1989, there were definitely no ...

[AU Ivanov.]

Factor of. About 60% of the Russian population was literate. Soviet educational programs were not education either, but for some reason, its graduates were classified as "literate". And do not forget that practically all the "fathers" of Soviet industrialization received an excellent education in the "backward" Russian Empire.

[Barmaleyka]

Quote: AS Ivanov.

About 60% of the Russian population were literate.

the question is what is literacy

[AU Ivanov.]

At that time - the ability to read, write and perform 4 arithmetic operations. Now a person can be called illiterate if he does not have computer skills. It’s called progress.

[Undecim]

After all, man did not write about general education. 14% is actually an understated figure. More likely 30 percent of the total data.
The stubborn reluctance of holivar participants to turn to documentary sources raises the question. The main emphasis in the dispute is on who is spreading manure. Meanwhile, you can see everything.
For example, literacy in the Russian Empire before the First World War.

Let us turn to this document.

[Undecim]

Literacy in the provinces.

[Undecim]

Final figures with explanations.

[Undecim]

Statistics for schools and students.

[Foul skeptic]

Viktor Nikolaevich, it makes no sense to turn to this source in determining literacy of the population of the Russian Empire before the 1917 revolution. Therefore, I do not appeal. Pay attention to the footnote at the bottom of the page and it should become clear to you why. Another 20 years before the revolution.

[Undecim]

Why is it pointless. Before the revolution, not 20 years, but six. I don’t think that during these six years there has been a fantastic leap in one direction or another. In addition, the available figures are specified from other sources, serving as a kind of benchmark.
By the way, it is worth clarifying that literacy in this document refers to the ability to read and write.

[Foul skeptic]

Viktor Nikolaevich, do you think Svarog meant peasant performances in 1902? I doubt it very much)) I still think that you have not seen the footnote "Based on the data of the 1897 census." If you are about the messages added later with information from the 1911 school census, then it does not allow us to estimate the number of people with a minimum student base available in 1911 in the country. If only because the number of people in the country in 1911 was known only approximately. Moreover, this is the most insignificant of the factors.
Of course, for lack of a different reference point, one must use what is. In this sense, one can correlate with the literacy of conscripts, these data can be found. But they are unsystematic and cover a narrow circle of the population, and therefore are not able to give an accurate picture. No, the figure is displayed, but it is hardly relevant to reality. Moreover, the impact of knocking out a literate / illiterate population during WWII is not amenable to accounting. But coming back to the moment you enter into conversation

the emphasis in the dispute is on who is throwing manure. Meanwhile, you can see everything.
For example - literacy in the Russian Empire before the first world war.

nevertheless, it seems to me that the source of the information is cautious, and the judgments about manure are hasty.

[Undecim]

Timur, the source is refuted by another source. I did not see any sources at all from any of the "litigating" parties, neither dubious nor doubtful. That's what my comment was about.

[Sergey Valov]

If absolutely the entire population, including the elderly and the outskirts of the empire, then, most likely, something like this.

[Sergey Valov]

Read the memoirs of people who lived before 1917 (you will not succeed in communicating with them, but I talked) there will be a lot of new things for you.
"About the general education in tsarist Russia." - note, I did not write it.
“This is how it will be more correct in your opinion” - for a reasonable dialogue, learn not to speak on behalf of the interlocutor. On this and say goodbye.

[parusnik]

Those. a company for the elimination of non-literacy in Soviet Russia, and then in the USSR, only a fake of a state scale? .. Sawed money? .. And without literacy, they did not win? ...

[Alexander Suvorov]

Here, and I about the same! It is not clear what kind of illiteracy they fought if, according to the bakers, up to 80% of the population of the Republic of Ingushetia was literate.
True, for some reason everyone misses the point that education in a church parish school, and only this was accessible to the peasantry, cannot be called education. God's word is not education, it is driving people into the brains of obedience to the king and the church.

[AU Ivanov.]

Education in parish and zemstvo schools was only slightly inferior to gymnasium. God's law was mandatory for all educational institutions of the Republic of Ingushetia.

[Reptiloid]

Quote: AU Ivanov.

Education in parish and zemstvo schools was only slightly inferior to gymnasium. God's law was mandatory for all educational institutions of the Republic of Ingushetia.

Well yes! Well yes! What is the parish church, what is the gymnasium ?????
And who studied there? In the parish church? If when they recruited, then in the army the soldiers were for some reason illiterate in their mass, there were not enough literate !!!!! What was the article by Roman Skomorokhov! About soldier shawls! According to which they taught. This is 1MB, and in 2MB there were no illiterate soldiers.

[AU Ivanov.]

According to the General Staff of the Russian Imperial Army, illiterate recruits at the beginning of WWI was 1%. According to the naval department, even less. Who studied in elementary schools? For example, Joseph Dzhugashvili, who before entering the seminary, graduated from a theological school.

[Reptiloid]

It was written here ----- literate, who knew how to read. I wrote my last name, ----- literate! And who did not write --- 27%
Thus, my great-grandfather learned to write and read well in the army in 1MB.
And when he returned home with frostbitten feet to the village, those who studied in the parish parish learned worse. He was immediately made "" zemstvo "" ------- that is, ----- measure, count, count.

[AU Ivanov.]

"Zemsky" means belonging to a zemstvo, that is, to a local self-government body, which has nothing to do with agriculture. There were church schools, railway schools, city schools, factory schools, and so on. By departmental affiliation.

[Reptiloid]

I don’t know what such a position would be called now? Responsibilities included measuring land, calculating the possible yield, fixing the real crop, some means to consider, expenses ..... And the villagers called it so ---- Zemsky. And members of his family ---- Zemovs. A respected position was in the village of Abakumovo.
There are some expressions and words in the villages .....

[AU Ivanov.]

"Zemstva - elected bodies of local self-government in the Russian Empire and the Russian Republic in 1864-1919 at the level of the province, district and volost"
You got the zemstvos with surveyors - surveyors, surveyors.

[Reptiloid]

it was the children of my great-grandfather who told me about how, instead of their last name, they called Zemovs. Yes, not only to me, but also to other descendants. After the revolution, the words surveyor or topographer were not in that village Zemstvos were abolished, but the word ---- remained in that village. Although you certainly know better. It’s just that there weren’t others so literate to count and write down in that village. I don’t know if there was a parish church there, my grandparents were born after the revolution and already studied at the Soviet school, everyone got higher education.

[Reptiloid]

Quote: AU Ivanov.

"Zemsky" means belonging to a zemstvo, that is, to a local self-government body, which has nothing to do with agriculture. There were church schools, railway schools, city schools, factory schools, and so on. By departmental affiliation.

I remembered today that we, in St. Petersburg, about 15 minutes from home, have Zemsky Lane! That's the thing --- the Zemstvos were abolished for more than 100 years, but the lane remained! Oh! This is wrong.

[AU Ivanov.]

We also do not have cavalry guards, but the street in St. Petersburg remains. And they don't trade hay on Haymarket.

[Barmaleyka]

Quote: AS Ivanov.

Education in parish and zemstvo schools was only slightly inferior to gymnasium.

in the sense in the parish taught ancient Greek ?!

[Foul skeptic]

Those. a company to eliminate non-literacy in Soviet Russia, and then in the USSR is just a fake of state scale?

no

And literacy never won?

won

[Kirill Dou]

.And without literacy, they did not win? ..

- judging by the way you wrote the word "illiteracy" - yes, you didn't win

[parusnik]

So, I write Cursed, cursed

[Reptiloid]

I read the comment, Alexey, I thought the tablet was buggy,

Quote: parusnik

So, I write Cursed, cursed

But it turned out differently! And on the other hand, how can one speak and be surprised at the absence? If you recall our domestic budget and unstoppable films? Where ----- any errors, due to indifference and ignorance, or a lie? And if you recall the theater, some?
And if you recall, how much the speech of deputies and officials is clogged with all sorts of non-literary words and phrases? After all, using such words as alcoholics in relation to pensioners and victims, they primarily demonstrate their lack of education ..... well, yes! Education was given to them, so they didn’t take it .... again, as another masterpiece said ---- EP burnt all.

[boss]

you talk about literacy at the level of "reading a newspaper fluently", and you are given an example where 20 years after the revolution 70-80% of children had the opportunity to study algebra, the beginning of analysis, trigonometry, geometry by themselves. chemistry at the level of understanding the difference between organic and inorganic.
physics at the level of confident mastery of the basics of mechanics, understanding, the law of conservation of energy, the concept of gravity and acceleration.
literacy is not the ability to read and write, but something more not?

[nikvic46]

patron (stas) An illiterate person cannot read a newspaper fluently, but you still need to look at subscriptions to scientific journals, popular scientific literature. Look how many people have subscribed to the magazines "Radio", "Chemistry and Life", "Young Technician". This is a direct path to knowledge. And now look at the current subscription.

[Barmaleyka]

reading your opuses you understand that even now education is not very

[Nyrobsky]

Quote: Svarog

One example is the colossal work in the USSR on the formation of an enlightened society, a knowledge society in the country: when the literacy level in the USSR grew several times over a couple of decades, revealing a real world phenomenon.

It is precisely that the education of the population is only one phenomenon .. just think about it, before the revolution, only 14% of the Russian population were literate, and already in the 40s -100%.
And there are opportunities for such a breakthrough now, now even more, only government officials are needed in power, and not a punks, who still can’t get enough of money.

There are big problems with this, because what is now in charge of reforms in education has a different task, namely simplifying education with the aim of primitivizing society in both thinking and needs.
The task of the USSR is to grow a man of creator, the task of Russian liberotas to grow a man of consumer.
A good education will soon be directly linked to the availability of good financial opportunities. No money, no education - get a basic minimum and low skilled work.

[boss]

I agree, it turns out that now the creators are not needed,
But this is the soul of the people ...

[Mcar]

Quote: strannik1985

Where is the video?

On this topic. Culture is a system of taboos, frameworks, restrictions. Censorship in the same clip. While there was censorship, our creative intelligentsia created masterpieces. There was no censorship, and they somehow fell silent. And all without exception.

[Reptiloid]

culture is a system of taboos, frameworks, restrictions ......... minded ....
Great said, Alexander! I thought something like this, but could not formulate a little higher
Just started your video. In addition, about 37 years old. Issued 8-volume edition in supers with maps ----- HISTORY 19 CENTURY. Chalk paper, photo. I have. Read. Yes, it’s just under the editorship of Tarle, about whom Yakovlev has just said. Can he say about this publication?

[Mcar]

Quote: Reptiloid

culture is a system of taboos, frameworks, restrictions ......... minded ....
Great said, Alexander! I thought something like this, but could not formulate a little higher

Well, what are you, Dmitry, that’s not what I said. I, like many, learn from various interesting, intelligent and even wise people. To say so accurately and succinctly, you have to live a much more eventful life than mine.

These are the words of an interesting person Vitaly Sundakov. At one time I watched all the videos with his participation. Take a look, just on the topic found:

[Reptiloid]

Yes, Alexander, I watched Sundakova with interest, but not all, probably. Traveler, researcher, organizer.
And you could also say if Sundakova had not been heard, this reality and it is around us.

[Finches]

I will quote the now classic phrase from the author of The Quiet Don: "There was a cult, but there was also a personality!"

[GKS 2111]

colossal work in the USSR on the formation of an enlightened society in the country, knowledge societies: when the level of literacy in the USSR for several decades has grown significantly, revealing a real world phenomenon.

[eagle owl]

Bulk also fell down the forest. Only now even here they howl that it’s horror! So it’s not a matter of personality, but of personalities who howl that a thief is a victim of a bloody terran and other things.

[Reptiloid]

And it is not only a matter of creating universal school education or higher education. For working youth there were technical schools, clubs, and circles for young workers, where they began to understand that despite work, school must be finished and studied further.

[Catfish]

In UDN, for example, there was a labor school, and the people after it entered the university quite normally.

[Avior]

Interesting know-how
Article in the video section, but without video
A new approach, you need to discard old mossy traditions

[Krasnodar]

I also recently sent a comrade without an offer in the attached file

[novel66]

reminds a joke

[polar fox]

Quote: Avior

Article in the video section, but without video
A new approach, you need to discard old mossy traditions

this is due to the numerous jokes about inserting videos and not text ... here, they corrected as they could.

[Basarev]

Any ideology should be prohibited. Because it is by definition dogmatic, which means it is hostile to critical thinking. Ideology is like religion: intolerant of criticism and progress, it produces illiterate fanatics who hate development and seek to destroy everyone who is at least somewhat better than them. That is just everyone.

[knn54]

Arseny, as Aristotle said: Nature does not tolerate emptiness. If there is no idea in the head, ALWAYS there is someone who puts his own.

[AU Ivanov.]

There is no room for ideas at school. The school should give knowledge, and not clog up children's heads with propaganda. Personally, I do not trust the upbringing of my children to outsiders.

[anjey]

In your opinion, the illiterate fanatics of the USSR, from widespread devastation and poverty, after the First World War, Revolution and Civil War with Intervention from 1921 to 1941, from creaking carts and wooden airplanes, for 20 years stepped to the first models of jet aircraft and rocketry, built from the ruins of a powerful industrial and agricultural country, which, moreover, defeated Hitler’s most powerful European army to the nines and again recovered after the terrible Patriotic War ..

[New Year day]

Quote: Basarev

Any ideology should be prohibited.

it doesn’t happen! In any state there is ideology in everything, otherwise there would be no state. Another thing is that this ideology is not advertised or does not suit

[Fraracol_2]

What is ours now?

[New Year day]

Quote: Fraancol_2

What is ours now?

Money, money and money!

[Fraracol_2]

Well, this wonderful idea was invented at the dawn of mankind.

[Kirill Dou]

a certain framework made it possible to develop the humanitarian direction “in depth”.

- to what depth, damn it? What could be the depth of the humanities if there was no main reason for this - a variety of theoretical approaches?

[svp67]

The initial picture of the article had to use this, a real humanitarian masterpiece and precisely of the "Stalin era", for all times

[Alien From]

Video........? Author person ???? How much shit can you post!

[Fraracol_2]

Of course, there were successes in culture, art, especially in cinema. But for me, all this is canceled out by the fact that any artist could lose, at best, freedom, but rather a life for the authorities that didn’t like, and more often one specific person, a work of art, supposedly in the wrong direction, or ideological deviations. And maybe just like a good example for other artists. This, it seems, was not in any country in the world.

[polar fox]

Quote: Fraancol_2

that any artist could lose, in the best case, freedom, but rather a life for the authorities who didn’t like,

Leah, Akhedzhakova, I recognized you!

[Fraracol_2]

There is absolutely no need to be Akhejakova. Just be able to compare the facts, and have at least some head on his shoulders.

[Demagogue]

Tsarist Russia possessed an elite education. It is difficult to understand for people who did not live there. But the system worked. You can argue who invented the radio or the light bulb, but our scientists are present in this discussion. Not to mention the periodic table, for example, where everything is obvious. Now in our science there are no figures of this scale.
Just in tsarist Russia was a meritocracy. Only the most capable children from poor families were admitted to serious education. But admitted. And why do the rest need education?

[Mcar]

Quote: Demagogue

Tsarist Russia possessed an elite education.

Even how elitist. According to a single census in the Republic of Ingushetia, only 1% continued their education above the initial one. And how many fractions of a percent did have higher education is unknown.

Quote: Demagogue

And why do the rest need education?

So that modern clematis have a chance. To authors of something more was. And that is more or less normal with producers and consumers, but not very much with authors.

[Mordvin 3]

Quote: Demagogue

And why do the rest need education?

And the rest had to plow and sow? My grandfather, for example, from peasants, in the Red Army became a mechanical instructor.

[Slavs]

I’ll come from the other end ... How I was taught in the USSR now ... The difference is enormous and not in favor now ... So, I have no reason to roll on how we fought with illiteracy in the Union and what successes have been achieved. Where would you be now, wise guys, if not for Soviet education. Although the number of wretched people on the site seems to come from the nineties, plus grateful descendants who moved to Israel, plus Westerners who lacked jeans and circuses even then ... But right now, it's good ... Lepota ...

[Golovan Jack]

Quote: Slavs

if not for Soviet education. Although by number

One "l" is superfluous in the word, you are my literate ...

Quote: Slavs

as taught in the USSR and now ... The difference is huge and not in favor of now ...

I have a good higher education from the USSR. Now I work with guys who studied already in the Russian Federation. Normal guys. I said

Quote: Slavs

how to fight illiteracy in the Union

This is in the past. Now all are literate (able to read-write) by default.

What about the speech, the stands? Save your vocal cords, this is a working body

[Slavs]

Quote: Golovan Jack

One "l" is superfluous in the word, you are my literate ...

Yes, you know, that's how I am suffering with this education ... What is not a comment is a mistake))

Quote: Golovan Jack

I have a good higher education from the USSR.

I read your comments, I never doubted.

Quote: Golovan Jack

Now I work with guys who studied already in the Russian Federation. Normal guys

In your area and should not be otherwise. I was less fortunate, our managers have two higher ... They write worse than me)))
But I didn’t say a speech about universities ... Have your children graduated from high school long ago?

Quote: Golovan Jack

Now all are literate (able to read-write) by default.

How many classes are needed to read and write? Do you learn to think now?

Quote: Golovan Jack

What about the speech, the stands?

Thank you for evaluating my oratory skills)))
It was about the fact that general illiteracy was defeated in the USSR, and this was after the revolutions, civil wars and the Second World War. This is a fact that should be respected. But for many, this is straightforward, everything was bad in the "scoop" ...
I do not agree with this and expressed it in a free and accessible form. What hurt you I do not understand?

Quote: Golovan Jack

Save your vocal cords, this is a working body

When I print, I don’t say a word)))
I don’t like familiarity, but I won’t be rude, you’ll be older, but I still haven’t lost my respect for people.

[Golovan Jack]

Quote: Slavs

I still have not lost respect for people

So do I. My apologies, if I accidentally touched.

Quote: Slavs

many people get hot, everything was bad in the "scoop" ...

They just never lived there. "Everything is bad" - well, it certainly was not.

Quote: Slavs

Do you learn to think now?

Whoever needs it is learning themselves. And successfully.

In my times, by the way, too - they didn’t teach anyone to think by force ... because it’s useless

Quote: Slavs

our two top managers ... They write worse than me

This is a disease of young animals today, yes ... literacy is not their hobby, as a rule.

In a hundred years there will be, as they say, full of "hares" But I, fortunately, will not find it

Okay. I apologized there, if

[Slavs]

Everything is fine. I’m not a red girl, I didn’t cry)) The main thing is that they came to consensus)

[Mavrikiy]

"Nat I, other writers, for comrade Fadeev"

[rocket757]

Easy to talk, reason now.
Whatever they say, the Power of the Soviets pulled the camp out of the big train and brought up a competent, comprehensively developed citizen!

[IL-64]

Too lazy to watch. The phrase "humanitarian masterpieces" discouraged any desire. Lysenkoism is one of the masterpieces, no?

[Mavrikiy]

Thank you, I was reminded a lot of what is not on the shelf, I’ll go to the collapse, look.

[Minato2020]

From the Internet.

Honored Teacher of Ukraine, Vladimir Ivanovich Lysov.

... How did our lessons go.
Lysov began the first lesson by declaring immediately: “I will give tasks for those who want to know math and for ballast.” He referred to the “ballast” both girls and boys, those who themselves did not want to solve more complex problems. He immediately recommended that they buy a specific textbook with tasks for entering a university and promised to give assignments from it. He told the first group that these tasks do not concern them, it will simply bring interesting tasks. But, by the way, even our “ballast” in the end had a level much higher than the stars from other schools. All these guys entered the Donetsk and Kiev institutes the first time. Because Lysov’s assessment still had to be earned, just because nobody got anything from us.

Textbook edited by M.I. Skanavi Lysov called the “moron” and did not favor him very much. Because in that edition, the tasks in it were divided into groups: A, B, C. Which, in his opinion, made it possible to determine the level of moronism, and not to teach to think. He said that it was not necessary to think about these problems, but it was just stupid and accurate to perform calculations.

Usually the lesson began with the fact that Lysov ran after a break and said on the run: “I brought you such an interesting task!”
He never set time, he needed a result, he didn't care how much we thought to get it. Then the questions were posed differently: “And who decided differently?”. Further: “And who found an even more beautiful solution?” Someone argued otherwise at some point, he was also interested. He did not raise competition with us, on the contrary, he wanted us to be able to work in a team. We were constantly engaged in creativity, we were engaged in it all together, and he simply helped us in this. Only at the end could he show us his aerobatics. When instead of several pages of a solution, he did everything in a couple of lines. We all gasped, and Vladimir Ivanovich smiled with satisfaction. A beautiful, custom solution is what he appreciated the most. That was exactly what he expected from us ...

... Ultimately, we were all passionate about mathematical problems no less than Vladimir Ivanovich. He always welcomed collaborative work and group discussions of tasks. Therefore, he himself could somewhere tell something in the bullfight, just by running past and seeing how we are tormented at some point. We even called back in the evenings to discuss the problem, we all lived in different parts of the city. I got to school every day for half an hour, someone rode an hour, someone even longer.
Vladimir Ivanovich always encouraged those who wanted to work. How? He only used what is called social encouragement, to chat, to joke, that he could. But to say: I put you five for this - never! He did not recognize the work for evaluation. He did not force us to study, he wanted to see our interest, dedication, desire to work. Work creatively, not cramming. He did not require memorization of formulas or proofs of theorems. It was always fun and very interesting with Vladimir Ivanovich ...

http://www.childneurologyinfo.com/about_us-Lisov.php

[meandr51]

A much more important comparison is the number of engineers in the Republic of Ingushetia and the USSR. In RI 18 thousand, in the USSR in 1940 - 200 thousand