BTR-60. The world's first production four-axle armored personnel carrier

70

BTR-60PA in Red Square

BTR-60 opened a new page in the creation of wheeled armored personnel carriers, becoming the world's first production four-axle combat vehicle in its class. Developed in 1956-1959, the BTR-60P became the progenitor of numerous military vehicles built on its basis, as well as further modifications of the BTR-70 and BTR-80, which are still in service with the Russian army and police. In total, during the serial production from 1960 to 1987, from various 10 to 25 thousands of armored personnel carriers-60 of all modifications were assembled in various plants for the year.

History of the BTR-60


In the 1950s, the main armored personnel carrier, which was in service with the Soviet Army, was the three-axle BTR-152, developed by the engineers of the ZIS plant on the basis of the chassis of the ZIS-151 off-road truck. The machine was highly reliable, but the military had a claim to it. This armored personnel carrier could not overcome wide trenches and ditches, and also was notable for insufficient cross-country ability, its ability to interact with tanks cross country were limited. One of the attempts to solve the problem was the work on improving the BTR-152, which was supposed to get a new chassis with a uniform arrangement of bridges, which was considered an effective way to increase cross-country ability. Such an APC was indeed created. Tests of the experimental machine, known under the designation BTR-E152V, took place at the beginning of 1957. The car really showed a noticeable increase in cross-country ability, but a new problem with handling came up.



In parallel, back in 1956, at the Gorky Automobile Plant, work began on the creation of a new armored personnel carrier. The car received the working designation BTRP - an armored floating vehicle. Creating a new model of wheeled armored vehicles, the developers expected to provide the car with high cross-country ability, as well as medium speed, which would allow to move along rough terrain together with tanks using the track laid by tanks. Based on these requirements, the appearance of a new armored personnel carrier was formed, which was supposed to have a high ground clearance, a tank track, and a high specific power of the engine. It was planned to create an armored personnel carrier with such clearance that the contact of the bottom of the vehicle with the ground was short-term and would not impede movement on the ground. At the same time, the designers expected to give the new BTR good amphibious properties: stability, speed, unsinkability and controllability in water bodies.

BTR-60. The world's first production four-axle armored personnel carrier

Experimental BTR-E152B

The first prototype of the new combat vehicle, created by the specialists of the design bureau of the GAZ plant, received the designation GAZ-49 and was ready by the middle of the 1958 of the year. Direct work on the new machine was led by Vladimir Alekseevich Dedkov, who had previously established himself as the creator of a whole line of Soviet armored vehicles: BTR-40, BRDM-1 and BRDM-2. The armored personnel carrier created in Gorky (today Nizhny Novgorod) met all the requirements of the military. The BTR was built on a completely original wheelbase with four bridges equally spaced across the base. At the same time, the designers turned to an unconventional layout for the BTR. In the front part there was a control compartment, followed by an amphibious compartment, and in the stern there was a motor-transmission compartment.

From the first production models of the future BTR-60, the prototype was distinguished by the installation of one GAZ-40P gasoline engine with a maximum power of only 90 hp. It was obvious to everyone that the engine power was clearly not enough for a machine with a combat weight of 10 tons. However, the attempt to replace the GAZ-40P carburetor engine with the YaAZ-206B diesel engine, which produced 205 hp, was unsuccessful - such a power plant came out too heavy, and the APC received a significant advantage in the stern. Since there were simply no other suitable domestic engines at the disposal of the designers, the way out of this situation was to install a twin of two GAZ-40P gasoline engines with their own transmissions. Each of the engines worked on two axles of a combat vehicle. Both engines were placed on a single frame, but not the motors themselves were blocked, but only their control drives.

The modified model of the armored personnel carrier with two GAZ-40P carburetor engines was fully ready by the fall of the 1959 year. It is worth noting here that at the same time in the Soviet Union other APCs were also being developed, the projects of which were offered by ZIL, Altai Tractor Plant, Mytishchi Machine-Building Plant, as well as SKB of the Kutaisi Automobile Plant. Of the variety of projects, the military chose GAZ-49, the model was considered the cheapest, simplest, reliable and most technologically advanced in production. BTR could easily be mass-produced in large quantities. It is curious that the military also liked the decision with the power plant, which the internal commission of the Minavtoprom openly called "illiterate" and "adventurous." But the military in the engine couple was pleased with the fact that when one of the engines failed, the armored personnel carrier retained the ability to move along the highway at a speed of up to 60 km / h. As a result, it was GAZ-49 that was adopted by the Soviet Army. The corresponding order of the Ministry of Defense was signed on November 13 of the 1959 of the year. The new combat vehicle was adopted under the designation BTR-60P, where the letter "P" meant "floating."


BTR-60P

Technical features of the armored personnel carrier BTR-60P


The armored personnel carrier created on the original base became the world's first production armored personnel carrier on a four-axle chassis with the wheel formula 8x8 (all-wheel drive). A feature of the new Soviet combat vehicle was an uncharacteristic configuration for an armored personnel carrier with a front-mounted control compartment, a middle one - an airborne compartment, which, depending on the modification, could accommodate from 8 to 14 people, and an aft MTO arrangement. When overcoming small water obstacles on the armor, an armored personnel carrier could transport even before 10 fighters, there was enough buoyancy reserve. In all versions, the crew of the combat vehicle consisted of two people - the driver and the commander.

The BTR-60 power plant was a pair of GAZ-40P six-cylinder carburetor engines that produced a total power of 180 hp. The engines allowed the mechanical drive to disperse the armored personnel carrier with a combat mass of 10 tons to 80 km / h along the highway, afloat to 10 km / h. The engines were powered by B-70 gasoline, which was poured into two tanks with a total capacity of 290 liters. There was enough fuel supply to overcome on the highway to 500 km. The new chassis provided the machine with easy overcoming trenches and ditches up to two meters wide.

The BTR-60P case was welded from armored plates with thicknesses from 5 to 9 mm, it provided the vehicle with a rather conventional bulletproof reservation, even though many armored plates were located at good angles to the vertical. The hull was load-bearing, its lower part was streamlined, and the bottom was flat. On the BTR-60P model, the hull was open at the top; on the march, to protect the crew and the landing from the weather, a tarpaulin awning could be pulled in, which was included in the laying of the armored personnel carrier. The landing was located on wooden transverse benches, to facilitate the exit of the combat vehicle in the upper parts of the side there were doors reclining towards the side. On the BTR-60PA version, two special rectangular manholes for landing, appeared on the roof, and on the BTR-60PB two side hatches were added to them. This landing option had obvious flaws. The soldiers had to leave the car through the sides, being at a height of two meters under enemy fire, on the BTR-60PA the situation was even worse, since there were only two hatches. At the same time, it was very difficult for wounded soldiers to get out of the APC, and with the roof over their heads the situation in this regard only worsened. At BTR-60PB, the problem was solved by placing side hatches, but only partially.


Soldiers firing at an aerial target from BTR-60P

The main armament of armored personnel carriers of the BTR-60P and BTR-60PA models was the 7,62-mm machine gun of the CBSS. The BTR-60P version had three swivel brackets designed for machine gun installation: a frontal (this is the main mounting option), two side (on the left and right side). The ammunition of the machine gun consisted of 1250 cartridges. Specifically, to increase the accuracy of fire, a shoulder rest was introduced in the construction of the CBSS. The paratroopers could also fire on the enemy over the sides of the hull from a personal weapons. Also, the RPG-7 grenade launcher, one AKM assault rifle, 9 F-1 hand grenades, and also a signal pistol were also included in the APC laying.

Three main modifications of the BTR-60


BTR-60 was mass-produced in the USSR from 1960 to 1987 year. From 1960 to 1976, the assembly was carried out in Gorky at the native plant, and from 1976 of the year armored personnel carriers were produced only in Kurgan at the facilities of KZKT - the Kurgan Wheel Tractor Plant (the transfer of part of the production to KZKT began already in 1967 year). Also, the mass production of the licensed version of the armored personnel carrier under the designation TAB-71 was carried out in Romania. The first version of the combat vehicle, designated BTR-60P, was produced in Gorky from 1960 to 1963 year. During this time, GAZ workers assembled 2626 vehicles. The main difference between these armored personnel carriers was the airborne compartment open on top, in which 14 motorized rifles could freely accommodate.


BTR-60PB

Quite quickly, the next modification of the BTR-60PA entered the scene, the main difference of which was the presence of a roof over the airborne compartment and a completely closed hull. This version was mass-produced at the GAZ plant from June 1963 to 1966, during which time the 2348 BTR-60PA came off the assembly line. At the same time, to maintain the combat mass of the armored personnel carrier at the same level, the number of troops dropped to 12 people. The military switched to the option with an armored roof under the influence of military events in Hungary in 1956, already then it was decided to release part of the armored personnel carrier with a closed airborne squad. But the main reason was the reorientation of ground forces in the early 1960-s to the possibility of action in the conditions of the use of tactical nuclear weapons by the enemy. In the context of the use of weapons of mass destruction, the actions of shooters who were in an open building were recognized impossible.

The most popular, recognizable and surviving version is the BTR-60PB, which, in addition to a completely enclosed building, was distinguished by the presence of an armored turret with powerful machine-gun weapons. The combat vehicle was created on the basis of the BTR-60PA in the period from 1962 to 1964 and was produced until the end of mass production, turning out to be the most successful representative of the series. BTR-60PB not only could carry the infantry squad, but also provide him with powerful fire support in battle. At the same time, the number of paratroopers transported has once again decreased, this time to 8 people, one of them played the role of a shooter. Due to the presence of a completely sealed enclosure and the installation of a special filter-ventilation unit, reliable protection of the crew and the landing against the damaging factors of WMD was provided.

BTR-60PB was distinguished from earlier models by improved protection (the forehead of the hull was holding an armor-piercing 7,62-mm B-32 bullet), the presence of a turret installation and more powerful weapons. In the tower, which was similar to the one that was mounted on the BRDM-2, a large-caliber 14,5-mm KPVT machine gun was mounted, paired with the 7,62-mm PC machine gun. The presence of an 14,5-mm machine gun allowed an armored personnel carrier to fire at targets at a distance of up to 2000 meters. At this distance, the 14,5-mm cartridge did not leave any chances for unarmored vehicles and some lightly armored vehicles, and also ensured the defeat of enemy soldiers and officers in any personal protective equipment, including those located behind light shelters.


BTR-60PB today

The wheeled armored personnel carrier developed in Gorky was supposed to first supplement, and in the future, replace all first-generation Soviet armored personnel carriers created in our country in the post-war years. The BTR-60 did a good job of this. Unlike all its predecessors, the “Sixtieth” received a new original chassis with the wheel formula 8x8. The four-axle car was distinguished by high cross-country ability and dynamic qualities, good smoothness and quickly became very massive. Following the tanks, the APC could easily overcome trenches, rows of trenches, various ditches, as well as water barriers. The BTR-60 was actively exported, having managed to take part in the Arab-Israeli wars, the Iran-Iraq war and other conflicts of the second half of the 20th century. In dozens of countries, these armored personnel carriers are still in service with both the army and police forces.
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  1. +8
    5 December 2019 18: 14
    A cult car and, frankly, until the moment I met the "kulibins" from the Island of Liberty, I believed that the armored personnel carrier was outdated and suitable only for melting. But the Cubans showed the whole world that the pages will still serve in other guises!
    1. 0
      5 December 2019 18: 42
      What is a page? what
      1. +10
        5 December 2019 19: 04
        Damn T9! Actually, it meant "old man"!))
        1. +2
          5 December 2019 19: 05
          AND ! This one can! And maybe.
        2. 0
          7 December 2019 16: 19
          Actually - "old man".
    2. Alf
      +3
      5 December 2019 20: 12
      Quote: Leader of the Redskins
      But the Cubans showed the whole world

      You haven’t seen the Jews yet, what they do with any technique. They were once called in one magazine - "recognized masters of modifications and modernizations".
      1. +4
        5 December 2019 21: 13
        Quote: Alf
        Quote: Leader of the Redskins
        But the Cubans showed the whole world

        You haven’t seen the Jews yet, what they do with any technique. They were once called in one magazine - "recognized masters of modifications and modernizations".

        Finns are cooler!
        1. +3
          5 December 2019 21: 46
          Well, at least a photo or something posted!))
  2. +5
    5 December 2019 18: 17
    Let me remind you, an article on VO about Sd.Kfz.234
    https://topwar.ru/120706-kolesnaya-bronetehnika-vremen-vtoroy-mirovoy-chast-12-nemeckie-tyazhelye-broneavtomobili-sdkfz231-8-rad-i-sdkfz234.html
    1. +3
      5 December 2019 18: 24
      And what is wrong? This is not my idea, but the conclusion of one of the historians of armored vehicles in the world. Unfortunately, I do not remember Baryatinsky, Svirin or someone else.
      1. +3
        5 December 2019 18: 26
        I have nothing against it. Partly agree with you. My comment came when I haven’t seen yours yet. And put your comment +
  3. +5
    5 December 2019 18: 22
    The ancestor! his "descendants" of course are different, but very recognizable, in principle!
  4. +3
    5 December 2019 18: 28
    BTR-60

    The USSR once again, in due time, made a revolution in technology.
  5. +14
    5 December 2019 18: 38
    The BTR-60 opened a new page in the creation of wheeled armored personnel carriers, becoming the world's first production four-axle combat vehicle in its class.
    The author decided to draw a line between armored personnel carriers and armored vehicles, although technically it is extremely difficult to draw such a line. This is about the "first in the world".

    Sd.Kfz. 231 (8-Rad) - 1936.
    1. +11
      5 December 2019 18: 45
      Quote: Undecim
      although technically it’s extremely difficult to carry out

      Why is it so complicated?
      There is a "landing" on the infantry department - armored personnel carriers.
      No other

      Quote: Undecim
      Sd.Kfz. 231 (8-Rad) - 1936.

      He has completely different "heirs"
    2. +7
      5 December 2019 20: 51
      Hi Vic! I read the headline and immediately thought, and someone will remember the German four-axle, and after all there was also an Austrian, an armored car with four axles. But still, both of them could not perform the functions of an armored personnel carrier, not that purpose.
      1. +5
        5 December 2019 23: 32
        I was not talking about the purpose, but about the device.
        In technical terms, there is no difference between an armored car and an armored personnel carrier. Many armored personnel carriers, like armored cars, were made on the basis of production cars.
        But if you want to be sure that in the spirit of the times - "there were no analogs", then here you can, of course, neglect the technical issues and concentrate, as the comrade below writes that "it was exactly an armored personnel carrier.
      2. +5
        6 December 2019 00: 05
        So it all started with the Austrian "push-pull" (almost symmetrical front and back)! The Germans borrowed from the Austrians, we borrowed from the Germans, and they went their own branch, sharing, in parallel with the allies in the bloc, those decisions!
        1. Alf
          +1
          6 December 2019 22: 17
          Quote: Leader of the Redskins
          So from the Austrian "push-pull"

          Here's another such 'miracle', this time Dutch-ADGZ.
      3. -1
        6 December 2019 03: 25
        How to say
        The purpose of the armored personnel carrier is not only transportation of infantry, but also transportation of equipment, for which the German was used as a radio with a long-range radio station
        So it’s quite an armored personnel carrier, it turns out?
    3. +4
      5 December 2019 20: 58
      Here, I found it. And it was simply called ADGZ, and had two control posts, front and rear.
    4. +4
      5 December 2019 22: 07
      Have you carefully read the text? The article says that the BTR-60 became the first four-axis in the class of BTRs, and not the first four-axis in general.
  6. +2
    5 December 2019 18: 43
    BMP, as a class, also gave birth to the Union!
    1. 0
      5 December 2019 18: 46
      Quote: Theodore
      BMP, as a class, also gave birth to the Union!

      The British, in the First World War. BTR, too, they are at the same time.
      1. +5
        5 December 2019 19: 18
        Well, as usual! The whole world considers the BMP-1 to be the first in its class. And only in her homeland are there unique people with their own "special" opinion. Can you link to the British BMP of the WWI period? And also on the presence of nuclear weapons at the same time at the belligerent parties.
        1. +7
          5 December 2019 19: 55
          Quote: Ponchik78
          A link to the British BMP period PMV is possible?

          In the tank Mk V they inserted an additional section with a length of 1.82 meters. And they called Mk V *
          This infantry fighting vehicle transported 24 infantrymen besides the crew.
          And they produced such TBMPs from serial "fives" of 200 "males" and 432 "females"
          So it goes...

          They also had an APC called Mk IX. Up to 30 people landing.
          True, they didn’t have time for the war, before the cessation of hostilities they managed to produce 36 cars out of 200 ordered
          1. -2
            5 December 2019 20: 09
            A section was cut to improve overcoming ditches and trenches, and not for landing. And they carried mainly supplies there, not soldiers. Moreover, he was officially a tank, and remained. Modern British people don’t call him the prototype of BMP. Well, about nuclear weapons, something I did not see)
            1. +1
              5 December 2019 20: 13
              Quote: Ponchik78
              A section was cut to improve overcoming ditches and trenches, and not for landing.

              Nevertheless, the fact remains. 27 people landing.
              And it is very difficult to pretend that this was not.



              Quote: Ponchik78
              Well, about nuclear weapons, something I did not see)

              This is solely your problem.
              1. +4
                5 December 2019 20: 22
                According to your logic, the prototype of the BMP may well be called the "wagenburg" of the Hussites or the "walk-city" of Ivan the Terrible. Also with guns and soldiers on board)
                And the fact that the main reason for the creation of BMP is the need to overcome areas of radioactive contamination during the onset, too. My problem?
                1. +1
                  5 December 2019 20: 30
                  Quote: Ponchik78
                  According to your logic, the prototype of the BMP may well be called the "wagenburg" of the Hussites or the "walk-city" of Ivan the Terrible. Also with guns and soldiers on board)

                  Are you sure. that "soldiers are on board" and not on foot?

                  Quote: Ponchik78
                  And the fact that the main reason for the creation of BMP is the need to overcome areas of radioactive contamination during the onset, too. My problem?

                  Naturally.
                  Because the main reason for the creation of BMPs in fact was machine guns and obstructive artillery fire, which was present in full in WWI.

                  By the way, Mk IX had special hatches for firing infantry.
                  Which some consider an integral and important part of the BMP.
                  1. 0
                    5 December 2019 20: 42
                    Infantry fighting vehicle, BMP - a class of armored fighting vehicles, the main purpose of which is fire support and transportation of personnel of the rifle (infantry) squad to the place of the combat mission with the possibility of an air assault from a vehicle, increasing its mobility and security on the battlefield in enemy use of nuclear weapons and for joint operations with tanks in battle. This is the official definition. Where is it about machine guns and barrage artillery fire? And yes, why an order of magnitude more powerful barrage artillery and machine gun fire during WWII did not lead to the creation of infantry fighting vehicles?
                    Mk IX was originally developed as an armored personnel carrier. So it was officially called always.
                    1. +1
                      5 December 2019 21: 09
                      Quote: Ponchik78
                      Where is it about machine guns and barrage artillery fire?

                      In the phrase "transportation of personnel of the rifle squad (infantry) to the place of the combat mission"

                      Quote: Ponchik78
                      And yes, why an order of magnitude more powerful barrage artillery and machine gun fire during WWII did not lead to the creation of infantry fighting vehicles?

                      Finances, resources.
                      They were not even enough for tanks.

                      Quote: Ponchik78
                      Mk IX was originally developed as an armored personnel carrier. So it was officially called always.

                      Yah?
                      1. -2
                        5 December 2019 21: 36
                        The first one! These are your speculations and no more. And the military prefers precise wording and definitions.
                        The second! In the Soviet Union, already in the second half of 1944, up to 100 tanks per day rolled off the assembly lines (!) The Allied tanks did less. But there were so many other armored vehicles that it was hard to imagine. Nevertheless, neither us nor the allies appeared anything like BMP. The gloomy Teutonic genius was not visited by the idea of ​​BMP either.
                        Third! But imagine)) https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_IX_tank
                      2. -1
                        5 December 2019 21: 55
                        Quote: Ponchik78
                        The first one! These are your speculations and no more.

                        "Conjectures" is that "the transportation of personnel of the rifle squad (infantry) to the place of the combat mission," that is, to the dismounting line, provides for mandatory protection from machine gun fire and artillery barrage ???
                        I don’t even know what to answer your passage ...
                        They made fun ...

                        Quote: Ponchik78
                        The second! In the Soviet Union, already in the second half of 1944, up to 100 tanks per day rolled off the assembly lines (!)

                        Hooray!!!!
                        You better tell me how much the USSR was forced to produce self-propelled guns instead of tanks


                        Quote: Ponchik78
                        Third! But imagine)) https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_IX_tank

                        There is nothing confirming your words.
                        There is a mention of being called "Infantry Carriers", apparently by analogy with "Gun Carriers". There is a mention of "The Pig"

                        Nothing to confirm that it is officially called the BTR, that is, at the local APC (Armored Personnel Carrier), is not written there.
                      3. 0
                        6 December 2019 08: 21
                        Quote: Ponchik78
                        up to 100 tanks per day (!) Allies of tanks did less. But there were so many other armored vehicles that it’s hard to imagine. Nevertheless, neither us nor the allies appeared anything like BMP. The gloomy Teutonic genius was not visited by the idea of ​​BMP either.

                        Well, they riveted tanks no less ... And there were enough armored personnel carriers, and TBTRs (the same kangaroos), and even something like an infantry fighting vehicle was - an M3 with a cannon (the Germans also had such), and "station wagons" with a boy in at the beginning of the war (albeit with a stretch, but the BMP-Boyce could fight with light equipment, and at the beginning of the war with tanks), and they had a cannon BRDM in the person of the M-8 Greyhound ...
              2. +3
                7 December 2019 12: 32
                Quote: Spade
                Nevertheless, the fact remains. 27 people landing.
                And it is very difficult to pretend that this was not.

                Nothing is complicated! wassat Many people constantly close their eyes and at the psyche level. tongue deny facts undesirable to their personal cockroaches. Or, again, the dictates of the psyche, they try to manipulate the interpretation of these facts. hi
            2. +2
              6 December 2019 04: 41
              And if the core is heated, then there will be a thermonuclear weapon!
      2. -1
        6 December 2019 11: 46
        Quote: Spade
        The British, in the First World War. BTR, too, they are at the same time.

        If you talk like that, then the Chinese came up with a Kalashnikov assault rifle (gunpowder!), The tank came up with Porokhovshchikov, cellular communications Popov, T-34 American Christie, and so on.
        Maybe there was a gloomy British genius and gave birth to some kind of banzai-wagon in WWI, but they made a working mass vehicle, which became a new significant type of weapon - in Union with BMP-1.
    2. +1
      7 December 2019 12: 28
      Germans. See https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/HS.30 1958.
      Although the idea itself has dimly hovered since 1945 in the USSR, and in Germany, and ... in France.
  7. +3
    5 December 2019 18: 48
    [QuoteHowever, the attempt to replace the GAZ-40P carburetor engine with the YAZ-206B diesel engine producing 205 hp was unsuccessful - such a power plant turned out to be too heavy, and the APC received a significant advantage in the stern.][/ Quote]
    Interestingly, why not put the diesel longitudinally behind the driver? A long narrow one, the passageway remains and the alignment is not violated (probably ...)
    1. +4
      6 December 2019 13: 38
      Here, everything is most likely simple: at first they made it from their components at GAZ and therefore did not bother with diesel, and then they would have to redo the whole machine from scratch, but why if the customer was happy with it? And it was unlikely then who thought that this scheme would live for so many years.
  8. +9
    5 December 2019 19: 33
    My father was a driver of a radio machine based on the BTR-60. Not very good on a two-engine system.
    1. +7
      5 December 2019 22: 01
      I am a lot of hundreds of kilometers. made on BTR60 PU, it’s just a car with radio stations, staff. My opinion is the same; two engines were a mistake. Most often they did not work synchronously, between the engines there was a thrust of gas from one carburetor to another. When servicing, drivers often lay down on this traction, it bent and as a result one engine received more fuel than another.
      I shot it if not in a hurry.
      Naturally, one diesel engine would be better, but for the reason indicated in the article, they put two gasoline engines.
      1. +2
        6 December 2019 06: 38
        I read that the reason was mainly the reluctance of GAZ to put "foreign" engines on their cars. And they didn't have their own. ZIL had an engine of suitable power. True, gasoline, but after all, gas also never diesel. And the ZIL-153 was just with this engine.
        In general, IMHO of course, but the ZIL-153 was better than the GAZ-49!
  9. +2
    5 December 2019 19: 35
    In the furnace of it!
    1. Alf
      +2
      5 December 2019 20: 15
      Quote: panzerfaust
      In the furnace of it!

      Whom? what
      1. +3
        5 December 2019 21: 17
        Probably both engines! laughing
  10. The comment was deleted.
  11. Eug
    +2
    5 December 2019 23: 12
    What is the height of the infantryman is the volume of the airborne squad calculated for? I have not seen this information anywhere.
    1. +5
      6 December 2019 00: 29
      Like all Soviet equipment - 168 cm. The average height of a Soviet man in the 1960s
      1. +2
        6 December 2019 10: 43
        Like the back seat of the nine. If the sprout is successful, then you sit, bending your head smile
    2. +4
      6 December 2019 01: 08
      Quote: Eug
      What is the height of the infantryman is the volume of the airborne squad calculated for?

      All military equipment was calculated on the growth of a fighter 175 cm +/-
      That was before, as I don’t know now. It is possible that the standard is the same in terms of growth, but they should be added in terms of volume, since any equipment has been added (the same body armor adds a lot of dimensions).
      1. +1
        6 December 2019 13: 51
        176 centimeters is a later standard.
  12. 0
    5 December 2019 23: 19
    "One AK-47 assault rifle" ... Sergey, how is that?
  13. +1
    6 December 2019 00: 54
    Quote: Undecim
    The BTR-60 opened a new page in the creation of wheeled armored personnel carriers, becoming the world's first production four-axle combat vehicle in its class.
    The author decided to draw a line between armored personnel carriers and armored vehicles, although technically it is extremely difficult to draw such a line. This is about the "first in the world".

    Sd.Kfz. 231 (8-Rad) - 1936.

    This is BA !!!
    Armored car!
    Read the difference yourself in Wiki laughing
  14. 0
    6 December 2019 03: 09
    The BTR 60PB was supposed to swim, but in the movie the return move he quickly drowned
    How so? winked
    1. +6
      6 December 2019 04: 43
      This was necessary to reveal the character of the heroes! Obviously the same. You still ask why the ring in the volcano from the eagles did not drop!
      1. +1
        6 December 2019 07: 03
        Quote: Vladimir_2U
        You still ask why the ring in the volcano from the eagles did not drop!

        It surprised me even at the first reading.
        1. +1
          6 December 2019 08: 14
          Eagles are proud birds - they want to fly, they do not want to not fly! hi
          Or fly but low ...
      2. +1
        6 December 2019 10: 41
        Eagles are not real, but fictional
        And the armored personnel carrier is real.
        It was not otherwise possible to show character without this?
    2. 0
      6 December 2019 08: 18
      Why was the PT-76 drowned in the film "Strict Man's Life"? From the same "waterfowl"!
    3. +5
      6 December 2019 10: 14
      Mostly our floating equipment was drowned for a prosaic reason - traffic jams in the bottom, designed to drain water, were twisted by drivers so that rainwater did not stagnate, and then they were forgotten. My older comrades drowned like that on the GTT when crossing the Zeya, at the construction of the BAM. Fortunately, everyone came up, it was not so far to the shore, and then the car with the property was then reached with the help of divers of the bridge battalion.
    4. +2
      6 December 2019 10: 50
      Quote: Avior
      The BTR 60PB was supposed to swim, but in the movie the return move he quickly drowned
      How so?

      So it’s one thing when an APC gradually enters the water and quite another when it flies into it with its muzzle down and goes entirely under water. The engine cooling louvers are open, through them a large volume of water immediately enters the body, after which it is buoyant and lost.
      1. 0
        6 December 2019 16: 51
        Then quickly flood to the top should have been under water
        But did not flood
    5. Alf
      +1
      6 December 2019 22: 13
      Quote: Avior
      The BTR 60PB was supposed to swim, but in the movie the return move he quickly drowned
      How so? winked

      I heard a bike that several fellow officers on the appearance of the GAZ-46 went fishing on it, swam to the middle of a small river and the floating car began to sink. They sailed out, received a melon from the commander, and finally READ the instructions in which it was said that before climbing into the water, it must be sealed in several places with special plugs that came with it.
      But ... a feature of our mentality is the fact that our person reads the instruction AFTER the mechanism has broken.
      1. -1
        7 December 2019 08: 50
        Yes it's a tradition smile
  15. +2
    6 December 2019 10: 06
    The BTR-60 defeated its main competitor, the ZIL-153, in an unfair fight. Sergei talked about the BTR-E152V, the modernization of the BTR-152, but then at the ZIL Grachev developed an already floating three-axle vehicle designed to carry 16 troops. The power plant is a 180 hp gasoline engine, as in BAZs and URALs. On tests, the ZIL-153 showed the best results, a batch of 10 vehicles for military tests was already ordered. But, followed by a voluntaristic decision to put into service the BTR-60P, perhaps the GAZ lobby was stronger, perhaps the military was attracted by the supposedly greater survivability of the twin-engine vehicle. So this armored personnel carrier went into series, and the letters PB were deciphered by those who served on them as "n .... b fighter", since servicing 2 motors, two transmissions on 4 axles was many times heavier than that of a three-axle single-engine car.
  16. -1
    6 December 2019 10: 13
    do you like Russian big names, the first in the world, having no analogue, etc., etc. laughing
    1. +2
      6 December 2019 11: 06
      And not in Russia, what, differently? Take any encyclopedia that was not written by us and almost never occurs in authorship of inventions. Most of what we have invented is not mentioned.
      For an example, read the history of the creation of cellular communications, who invented it and where it appeared for the first time.
      1. 0
        6 December 2019 17: 00
        What did you mean?
        Bell was invented, the first official appeared in the States, the first commercial in Japan
        In the USSR, the service was also
        1. +2
          6 December 2019 19: 15
          Quote: Avior
          What did you mean?
          Bell was invented, the first official appeared in the States, the first commercial in Japan
          In the USSR, the service was also

          Meant precisely cellular communication (not radiotelephones). Championship is attributed to Motorola (1973), although our analogue was tested back in 1957, and the Altai cellular system was put into trial operation in 1963.

          https://politikus.ru/articles/history/73912-9-aprelya-1957-goda-v-sssr-byl-izgotovlen-pervyy-v-mire-mobilnik.html
          And so in everything:
          primacy of multilayer armor on tanks is attributed to the British, although we still had it on the T-64,
          the first gas turbine tank is attributed to Abrams, not T-80,
          The British advertise their hovercraft as the world's largest hovercraft (I saw this film myself), although our Bison in displacement doubles it (the largest of the English Mark 3 has 320 tons, our Bison - 555 t (at a height of 21 meters)
          etc .....

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