The Mystery of Russian Khazaria

153
Secrets of ancient Rus. One of the secrets stories Russia is a Khazar question. Was there a Russian Khazaria, or was the Khazar Khagan the ruler of the Rus? According to Russian sources (“The Word of the Law and Grace” by Metropolitan Hilarion), the title of ruler of the Rus is known: Vladimir and his son Yaroslav the Wise are called Khagans in this source. Were the Khazars Türks, or the basis of their ethnic group-Slavs-Rus?

The Mystery of Russian Khazaria

Tribute to the Slavs of the Khazars, miniature in the Radzivilov annals, XV century.




The mystery of the origin of the Khazars


Khazar is considered to be a Turkic-speaking people, which appeared after the invasion of the Huns. At the same time, the "Turkic-speaking" Khazars are being questioned. The logic of their “Türkic-speaking” is simple: since the Khazars lived in the vast area of ​​settlement of the tribes of the Türkic language group, it means that they spoke Türkic dialects. Although the same Finno-Ugrians have lived among the Slavs for thousands of years, they have their own language.

The history of the Khazar Khaganate is one of the most mysterious pages of world history. Khazaria was once one of the powerful regional powers, and had an impact on world politics. Interestingly, if the foreign policy of the kaganate is covered by foreign sources, then the internal history is little known. Russian annals, including The Tale of Bygone Years, report almost nothing about Khazaria. Although the war with the Khazars was an important part of the policy of the first princes of the Rurik dynasty.

Initially, in the VI century, the Khazars were part of the state of the Savirs (Savromats-Savors). Actually, the Khazar statehood was formed under the rule of the "Turkic empire", and gained independence after its collapse (630 AD). As a result, the dynasty of Turkic origin formed the ruling layer. However, the ruling stratum is not the whole nation. The succession of the Khazars from the Savirs is very remarkable. So the Savirs of the north occupied the land from the foothills of the North Caucasus in the south, to the Don basin in the northwest, as well as the basin of the right-bank tributaries of the Dnieper, Desna. And in the east, apparently, they belonged to the Volga, South Ural and Caspian steppes. After the collapse of the Turkic Khaganate, Khazaria occupied the same region. By the end of the VII century. the Khazar borders expanded to the west, in the southern Russian steppes. Also under the control of the Khazars was Volga Bulgaria (Bulgaria). Until the middle of the 9th century, tributes to the Khazars were paid by unions of the Vyatichi and Northerners tribes. That is, the borders of the Khazars in the north reached Moscow and Kazan.

It is interesting that the Khazaria from the Black Sea, the Caucasus and the Caspian in the south to the Dnieper in the west, the Middle Volga in the north and the Urals in the east completely coincides with the ancient Sarmatia, known from historical sources. In fact, Khazaria was the heiress of Sarmatia, only its elite was of Turkic origin, and then even adopted Judaism.

The question is who the simple Khazars were, the overwhelming majority of the population of the Khaganate. L.N. Gumilev suggested that the Khazars were the autochthonous (indigenous) people of the northeast Caucasus, who entered into symbiosis with the empire of the Turks and inherited power after its collapse. But there are no “North Caucasian” features in the culture of the Khazaria. Also in the Caucasus there are no recollections of this state and the Khazars' heirs. Some researchers associate the Khazar with Khorezm or Khorasan (in eastern Iran). Migrations of their Khorezm and the region of the Aral Sea steppes to the East European Plain occurred during the so-called. "Great relocation." It is possible that the Khazars were Central Asian Scythians-Sarmatians, who left the Kherzem region under the pressure of the Turks.

The ethnonym "Khazars-Azars-Araz" refers to the Indo-European, found in Indian and Near Asian mythology, as well as in Don folklore - it refers to the ancestors of the Don Cossacks (E. P. Savelyev. The ancient history of the Cossacks). The historian Y. Petukhov suggested (Y. Petukhov. Rus of Eurasia) that the Khazars came from the Middle East, from the territory of the former Assyria-Assuria. They were significantly assimilated by the Semites, hence the Judaism of their elite. Those tribes of Assyrians who wanted to save themselves went north. So they ended up in Khazaria, which they gave their name to. Indeed, “Assur” and “Khazar” are one ethnonym in different pronunciations. On the territory of the Khazars, they absorbed a number of local Turkic tribes. Assyrians created on the banks of the Volga a second Assyria-Assyria. When the Khazaria died, the Khazars became part of the ethnic groups of the Rus and Türks.

Khazars and Rus - parts of one superethnos


In all Greek sources, the Khazars act as Scythians. Greeks (Byzantines, Romans) are also called Russian-Russes as Scythians and Tauroscifs. In the Tale of Bygone Years, not only the Khazars are called Scythians, but also the Russian tribes - the Great Scythia. Moreover, in the Russian chronicles there is no data on the “foreign language” of the Khazars in relation to the Russians. In other sources, the Scythians are directly called the ancestors of the Russian and Slavs. Who are the mysterious Khazars?

The kinship between Russians and the Khazars is reported by an Arabic source, Collection of Stories (1126). There is a legend that “Rus and the Khazars were from the same mother and father. Then Rus grew up and, since he didn’t have a place that he liked, wrote a letter to Khazar and asked him for a part of his country to settle there. ” That is, this legend shows the idea of ​​close kinship between Russians (Russians) and the Khazars and the origin of the Russian state from the bowels of the Khazar Khaganate.

The Arab historian Al-Masudi reports that there were several judges in the Khazar capital: two for Muslims, two for the Khazars who were judged according to the Torah (Pentateuch Moiseevo), two for Christians, and one for Slavs, Rus and Gentiles. According to the same author, Muslims in the kaganate are mainly military mercenaries in the service of the kagan and merchants, the Jewish stratum was also not numerous. True, Jews and Muslims constituted the social elite of Khazaria. The main population of the Khazars were “pagans”. It is obvious that simple Khazars constituted a stratum of Christians.

Masudi also reports that among the pagans of Khazaria there are Slavs and Rus, “they burn their dead with their horses, utensils and jewelry ...” Masudi described not only the Slavic-Russian, but exactly the Scythian funeral rite. Cremation was received at the northern and western glorious-Russians, but they did not have a burial with a horse (there were few horses among the inhabitants of the forest zone); Baltic Varangians-Rus usually burned a boat. A burial with a horse under a barrow or cremation with a horse (Azov Scythians) was taken from the Scythians.

Thus, the Rus and the Slavs formed the basis of the population of Khazaria, and were descendants of the Scythian-Sarmatian population of the Azov, Don, Kuban and Caucasus steppes. Archeology confirms this. Monuments belonging to the Slavs of the early Middle Ages were found in Sarkel (Belaya Vezha) on the Don, in Tmutarakan on Taman, in Korchev (Kerch), on the island of Berezan, in the lower Volga (V.V. Mavrodin. The origin of the Russian people). Not “separate groups of Slavs,” as supporters of a stripped-down version of Russian history want to show, but the basic population of Khazaria. Actually, “Khazar” traces, no matter how hard they tried, were never found.

It is not surprising that the Russian prince Vladimir Svyatoslavovich and Yaroslav Vladimirovich are called Hagans, rulers of the Rus. The Grand Duke Svyatoslav Igorevich defeated and conquered Khazaria. Turkic-speaking and Jewish ruling communities were destroyed or fled. And the main part of the population of the Khazars - Slavs and Rus, became part of the Russian state. Khazaria became part of Russia. Therefore, Vladimir and Yaroslav, as the heirs of Svyatoslav, and became Hagan, since the Khazaria has become part of the Russian state. It is enough to recall how later the title of the newly-joined land was added to the title of the Russian Grand Duke or Tsar Emperor.

The Khazars, like the Rus of Kiev or Chernigov, were descendants of the Scythians, the heirs of Great Scythia-Sarmatia. Only Russian-Russians were the “trunk” of a huge superethnos, and the Khazars were a “daughter” ethnos, which was assimilated by the Turks and Semites. The Rus created a new empire-power, continued the traditions of the ancient northern civilization, and the Khazaria fell, the Khazars were doomed to degradation and extinction. Of course, they did not completely disappear; the Khazars became part of the Russian ethnos and Türks.
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  1. +2
    23 October 2019 04: 35
    I read somewhere, the first written mention of Kiev was found in the cover letter of a Jew who traveled from the capital of the Khazaria to Europe ...))
    1. +3
      23 October 2019 07: 09
      Quote: Zliy_mod
      I read somewhere, the first written mention of Kiev was found in the cover letter of a Jew who traveled from the capital of the Khazaria to Europe ...))

      Look for "Kiev Letter".
      1. +1
        23 October 2019 07: 30
        Yarosh's business card?
      2. 0
        23 October 2019 20: 50
        Seek, and ye shall find. Knock and it will open to you.
    2. +4
      23 October 2019 08: 29
      This is a very dubious document studied by Professor Omelyan Pritzak, its reliability was questioned immediately after publication. The document is, doubts that it is about Kiev)
    3. +5
      23 October 2019 09: 54
      In all Greek sources, the Khazars act as Scythians.
      This is in what sources?
      1. +5
        23 October 2019 10: 06
        Wend (Anatoly)
        This is in what sources?
        Probably in parallel reality.
        I hope your question is purely rhetorical? Something I don’t remember that Samsonov “stooped” to a discussion with us sinners.
        1. +5
          23 October 2019 10: 21
          Quote: Alexander Suvorov
          Wend (Anatoly)
          This is in what sources?
          Probably in parallel reality.
          I hope your question is purely rhetorical? Something I don’t remember that Samsonov “stooped” to a discussion with us sinners.

          Not that rhetorical, I was simply taken aback by such a statement. And I thought, maybe I don’t know what else in the sources. laughing
          1. +8
            23 October 2019 10: 26
            Wend (Anatoly) I was simply taken aback by such a statement. And I thought, maybe I don’t know what else in the sources. laughing
            You are not one colleague! hi I go into Samsonov’s articles to whisper and swear cleanly. Although in articles about the Civil War I largely agree with him, but when he begins to drive a heresy about the Great Russian superethnos ... request
            No, I’m Russian myself and am very proud of it, but not to the same extent!
      2. +4
        23 October 2019 11: 19
        Quote: Wend
        In all Greek sources, the Khazars act as Scythians.
        This is in what sources?
        Perhaps in the early Byzantine. At the end of the XNUMXth century, Priscus of Panius called the Scythians all who lived in the near-Scythia. Of all the sources, of course, much is said. There is a humble request to the authors of historical articles to use links and a list of sources.
    4. 0
      29 December 2019 16: 39
      The article resembles an old Jewish joke. Moysha - do you know that Mao Jie Dong is Jewish? Moysha - oh my God, only this was not enough. So, is Oleg gathering his things to avenge the unreasonable Khazars - bullshit?
  2. +10
    23 October 2019 05: 34
    As far as I know, archaeological excavations in the territory of the former Khazar Khaganate are quite active, which means that it is very easy to compare the material culture of the Slavs and the Khazars. Check out the famous haplogroups. Restore the appearance of the inhabitants according to the method of Gerasimov. Why does the author avoid such obvious points?
    1. +8
      23 October 2019 05: 59
      Because the answer will not be in favor of the author.
    2. +8
      23 October 2019 08: 01
      There is such a thing - a scientific approach. In the article it is not at all.
      1. +5
        23 October 2019 08: 08
        Talgarets (Mikhail Epanchintsev)
        There is such a thing - a scientific approach. In the article it is not at all.
        Yes, what’s there, I understood by one headline who the author is. It’s not that it doesn’t even smell like a scientific approach, here schiza mows our ranks ... laughing
        After this you can no longer read:
        Were the Khazars Türks, or the basis of their ethnic group-Slavs-Rus?
        The meaning always comes down to one thing: Russ is a great superethnos and they were EVERYWHERE. The Khazars, Tatars, and other nationalities were ALL masked Rus. They simply did not know anything about this because at that time Samson's computer had not yet been connected to the Internet ...! laughing

        P.S. Samsonov laurels Ukrainian Bebika do not give rest. He will soon overtake him with the digging of the Black Sea and with the victory of the Great Dukes over King Darius ...
  3. The comment was deleted.
  4. +2
    23 October 2019 05: 45
    Jews in the Caucasus survived in Dagestan. Tats are called.
    1. -1
      23 October 2019 06: 28
      The Jews in the Caucasus are called Juhuri (they have this self-name). And the Tats are an Iranian-speaking ethnos from the same regions, which has nothing to do with Jews. The attribution of Jews to the Tat is a Soviet fake, designed to prove that the Jewish people does not exist (which automatically makes the re-establishment of the State of Israel, the "stronghold of colonialism and reaction", not legitimate), but only a religion that was adopted by various ethnic groups around the world.
      1. +13
        23 October 2019 08: 59
        Quote: Zeev Zeev
        The attribution of Jews to the Tat is a Soviet fake, designed to prove that the Jewish people do not exist (which automatically makes the reconstruction of the State of Israel not legitimate,

        What is called - bent to the cold. Purely Jewish style - everyone offends us, undeservedly (?)
        If the "Soviet" argued that Jews do not exist, then why did Vissarionovich organize the Jewish Autonomous Region? Thus, giving the Jews, supposedly non-existent, autonomy in the USSR.
        Ah-yay, and two more Zeev.
        1. -6
          23 October 2019 09: 31
          The Jewish Autonomous Region was established in 1928. State of Israel in 1948. Attempts to de-legitimize Israel as a state of the Jewish people in 1964, after the creation of the "Palestinian people", and intensified in 1967 after the epic failure of Soviet policy in the Middle East.
          1. +4
            23 October 2019 09: 35
            Quote: Zeev Zeev
            The Jewish Autonomous Region was established in 1928.

            Sorry, in 1934.
            What about your words -
            Quote: Zeev Zeev
            The attribution of Jews to the Tat is a Soviet fake, designed to prove that the Jewish people do not exist

            Will we be responsible for the bazaar?
            1. -1
              23 October 2019 09: 41
              On March 28, 1928, the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR adopted a resolution “On securing for KomZET for the needs of continuous settlement of free lands by working Jews and in the Amur strip of the Far Eastern Territory” - in Birobidzhan.

              On August 20, 1930, the Central Executive Committee of the RSFSR adopted a resolution “On the Formation of the Biro-Bijan National District as Part of the Far Eastern Region”.

              By a decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of May 7, 1934, the indicated national region, founded in 1930, received the status of an Autonomous Jewish National Region.
              Regarding the denial of the Jewish people, we read. V. Runner "Invasion without weapons", 1977
              1. +12
                23 October 2019 09: 59
                Quote: Zeev Zeev

                Regarding the denial of the Jewish people, we read. V. Runner "Invasion without weapons", 1977

                I don’t even think about it. The entire logic of the actions of the Soviet government suggests that FEYK about the "denial of the Jewish people" has been sucked out of thin air.
                Another Jewish "lament of Yaroslavna"
                1. -8
                  23 October 2019 10: 16
                  This is not a fake, this is a semi-official (that is, not directly from the Politburo, but with the approval of the censorship), a position widely disseminated in scientific circles. Moreover, the denial of the existence of Jews as a nation that does not fall under the Marxist definition of a people was quite combined with the statement that Soviet Jews are hidden Zionists and the restriction of the right to work, study and advance in the army. George Orwell has described this quite well in his terrific 1984 book, Doublethink.
      2. +3
        23 October 2019 22: 20
        Quote: Zeev Zeev
        Jews in the Caucasus are called Juhuri (they have such a name). And the Tats are an Iranian-speaking ethnos from the same regions, who has nothing to do with Jews.

        Quite rightly, the Tats and Talyshs are the peoples of the Caucasus, Iranian in origin (although the question is with the Tatami - there can probably be Jews who were mixed with people who were expelled from somewhere at some time).

        But the "Mountain Jews" (which should not be confused with the "Jews of the Caucasus" (Ashkenazim) and "Georgian Jews") are THREE special nationalities, and differing quite strongly both in origin and culture, but one way or another related to Jews.
        1. 0
          23 October 2019 23: 17
          Not nationalities, but Jewish communities. Mountain Jews are Jews who came to the Caucasus from Persia (from there the similarity of language with tatami). The Jewish community closest to them is Bukhara Jews.
          1. +2
            24 October 2019 00: 55
            Quote: Zeev Zeev
            Not nationalities, but Jewish communities.
            It seems to me personally that all the same it is the ethnic groups that adhere to the varying degrees of confession of the varieties of Judaism. Too different backgrounds, different migrations, different cultures, aren't they?

            "Georgian Jews" ("Ibraeli") is generally one of the oldest "fragments" communities, probably Jewish exiles who were resettled in Georgia and Armenia during the period of the New Babylonian kingdom or the Assyrian conquests (or, at least, during the Roman-Jewish wars).

            "Mountain Jews" ("Juhuri") are probably forced migrants from the Arab Caliphate (8th century), or maybe they are Jews who supported the Mazdakites and fled from Sassanian Iran (5th century), from where they fled because of religious persecution. Perhaps this is a remnant of just the ancient Jewish component of the Khazar Kaganate, which survived after its defeat by Prince Svyatoslav.

            And the "Jews of the Caucasus" - in general, well, it seems to be considered, "from the country of Ashkenaz" (ie Germany and East Europe, with a large share of Italo-Germanic and Slavic blood). This is generally a "recent" wave of migration to the Caucasus - 18-20 centuries. Well, yes, 6 out of 26 "Baku commissars" were precisely the Jews-Caucasian Ashkenazi (the nationality of the other 20 commissars was not clarified).

            But the most tsimus is that I forgot about another exotic group of Judaists in the Caucasus - "Kurdish-Armenian Jews"! (I don't know now if they stayed there or not)

            Quote: Zeev Zeev
            The Jewish community closest to them is Bukhara Jews.

            To whom ? to mountain Jews - Bukhara? It seemed to me, IMHO, that the Taty are the closest to the Mountain Jews ...
            1. -1
              24 October 2019 06: 36
              These are just communities, not nationalities. And they do not adhere to any special "kind of Judaism". And mountain Jews are similar to tatami only in language. In about the same way as the Volga Germans are similar to the Jews of Lithuania, since both Plutdeutsch and Yiddish have common roots.
              1. +1
                24 October 2019 13: 43
                Quote: Zeev Zeev
                These are just communities, not nationalities. And they do not adhere to any special "kind of Judaism".

                Ok, let's try to figure out what a community is (national-religious) and what is a nationality. In fact, these are terms denoting the same thing, only the community apparently means a part of the whole, and nationality is a certain relatively independent group of persons.

                "Nationality is a historically formed community of people arising from separate tribes during the disintegration of tribal relations, at the early stage of feudalism, based on a natural economy, before the emergence of strong economic ties and a single economy."

                "A religious community is a community of people of a certain locality of any denomination or religion, united for the purpose of performing divine services, prayers and rituals.
                National community - a community of representatives of a separate nationality or on the basis of an ethnic community, created to preserve the language, traditions and development of the national culture. "

                The question of how to count, especially BEFORE the modern era, when world Judaism underwent globalization and was "brought to a common denominator."

                If you recall that Georgian Jews had a different origin and a different religious system, and clashed with the Jewish majority, concentrated in Syro-Palestine and Mesopotamia, it turns out that the community or all the same people? Judging by everything, there were severe mutual accusations of different origin and loss of original purity of blood (which, in fact, didn’t even exist among the ancient Israelis - 12 tribes - partly of different ethnic origin) - both of them accused each other of mixing with others tribes as a result of forced relocations. To this was added (apparently at the time of the beginning of the Scattering) a tough conflict between the Sadukkis and the Pharisees, which led to an even greater separation of Georgian Jews.

                Mountain Jews -According to some researchers, it is generally unclear who is of origin. Perhaps Persians and local Caucasian tribes with a Jewish ethnic core Judaized in Late Antiquity. Culture, customs, language - especially in the period before the 19-20 centuries. - differing radically from the rest of the Jews, are close to the Turkic-Persian and Caucasian. In fact, they do not have Judaism as a developed religion! (some say this is probably a multinational exile - the Mazdakites) Both Russians and Jewish travelers from Europe hardly identified them with the Jewish people.

                Well, with Ashkenazi Jews in general, the story, as they say, is dark. Yes, of course, genetic studies have shown that there is an ancient Mediterranean Semitic foundation, but also in the blood of this part of the Israeli people as a whole there is a huge array of genetic material of ancestors from converting Hera - Italians (in Late Antiquity), Germans (in the Early Middle Ages), Slavs (in the High Middle Ages) and even the Turks.

                About Kurdish-Armenian Jews I will not say anything, because I don’t know their history of origin.

                But there is still Karaites и Krymchaks (and not only in the Crimea, but also in the Caucasus) - which are most likely the surviving fragments of the Khazaria, more precisely the Turkic peoples who composed it and adopted Judaism, let's say, in a very truncated-simplified form.
                1. -2
                  24 October 2019 14: 36
                  I don’t know where the stories about the enmity of the Georgian Jews with the rest and about the special “Georgian Judaism” come from, but everything is generally much simpler. After the destruction of the First Jerusalem Temple, part of the Jews did not return to Israel, but remained in the Persian Empire, gradually settling across its expanses and neighboring countries, including Georgia. In later times, all kinds of Jewish refugees and migrants from both Persia and the Ottoman Empire joined this community. And in the 19-20 centuries from the Ashkenazi communities of the Russian Empire. Mountain Jews and Bukhara Jews are a later wave from the same Persian lands, who settled during the Middle Ages in on both shores of the Caspian Sea, in trade points like Derbent and Bukhara, where they were engaged in handicrafts and trade. Both of them had ritual Judaism, there were no theological schools, there was no study of the Torah as an important part of Jewish life.
                  In contrast to these communities, Ashkenazi - the descendants of the Jewish population of the Roman province of Judea, expelled from their home country after the Bar Kochba rebellion in 132-135 years and settled on the outskirts of the Roman Empire, preserved both the study of the Torah and the Talmud (both Talmuds), preserved and developed Judaism, and the system of Jewish education in general. Like the Sephardim and the communities of Iraq (not including Kurdistan), and North Africa.
                  The Armenian Jewish community does not exist, it was destroyed after the conquest of Armenia, first by the Persians and then by the Turks, and all Jews living in Armenia today are descendants of Ashkenazi and Persian Jews. They have nothing to do with the Jews of Kurdistan.
                  Karaites are generally descendants of the Jewish sect of the 8th century, who rejected the Oral Torah and are already, by and large, not Jews. And the Krymchaks are the descendants of the very Khazar Turks who converted to Judaism.
      3. 0
        20 December 2019 20: 38
        Quote: Zeev Zeev
        (which automatically makes the re-establishment of the State of Israel, "a stronghold of colonialism and reaction") illegitimate

        But Gromyko didn’t even know when the UN speech was pushing for the formation of Israel ...
      4. -1
        26 March 2020 23: 23
        Wrong. In the 11th century, Tat is Persian in Persian. Mahmoud Kashgari was a Turk, but an Arab. An Arab and a Jew are from Heber Synonyms and their five clans created the Arab Caliphate three Jews and two Arabs, but the Turk is higher as the People of the Most High Thor and Torah and hence the Torah and Tere law. Tats in the Caucasus are now genetically indicated on the map in the Berda area by modern science and the chronicle of the Rus campaign (the people of Rosh Ezekiel) to the Berda fortress is cited from a conversation between opponents about the Common Faith Rus and the Alban (Tat) Bird of Caucasian Albania as Second Ethiopia, where Jews are The people of the Priests as Priests of the same Romea)). False terms lose Spirit and Meaning from ideology. Fake ibn Fandlan gets Rus here, just like a fake of Tsar Joseph’s letters gets Khazars like Jews. The term Judaism was not, Bro. And Khazaria is the real Northern Kingdom of Israel, like the Turk People Tor Tura Salde and Torah. It is a fact. Their language is Aramaic. Rusokhazars had the alphabet and scripture 1158 years ago in Khazaria in Crimea before Rome, the myth and its slaves of the Slavs, whom Rome created from this text Rus priests (Jewish priest, Hagan clan Ashinar-king Cyrus the Khazars, his Temple). I own the Rus Scripture Manuscript now. Fake King Joseph at the beginning of the 20th century, as well as the fandlan here. Just found to create Israel in the Crimea, Stalin gave it to the Jews. Now returning.
  5. The comment was deleted.
  6. -5
    23 October 2019 06: 09
    The Grand Duke of Kiev Svyatoslav destroyed the Khaganate, maybe in vain
    the Khazars guarded trade routes (including river ones) and lived off these duties. And in their place came the wild Pechenegs
    1. +10
      23 October 2019 09: 04
      Quote: Dalton
      The Grand Duke of Kiev Svyatoslav destroyed the Khaganate, maybe in vain
      the Khazars guarded trade routes (including river ones) and lived off these duties. And in their place came the wild Pechenegs

      Only guarded? Is that all? What else did you do? Crimean rudeness also "guarded" trade routes. And Catherine (silly woman?), Took and left the trade routes without "protection".
    2. +7
      23 October 2019 10: 41
      The article is naive - amateurish ..
      But in any case, the Jewish state, and even on the Volga, was worth banging.
      Svyatoslav is right!
      For God's sake)
  7. +2
    23 October 2019 06: 28
    And the main part of the population of Khazaria is Slavs and Rus, became part of the Russian state.
    Those. there were Russian Russes of the Russian State and non-Russian Russes of Khazaria.
    Famously twisted .... recourse
    1. +3
      23 October 2019 09: 11
      Quote: Olgovich
      And the main part of the population of Khazaria is Slavs and Rus, became part of the Russian state.
      Those. there were Russian Russes of the Russian State and non-Russian Russes of Khazaria.
      Famously twisted .... recourse

      And what, in fact, surprises you? There are Russians-Russians, citizens of Russia, and there are Russians-Kazakhs, citizens of Kazakhstan, there are Russians-Ukrainians, citizens of Ukraine, it will not be remembered by night.
      The author of the article told you in Russian - the Jews and the Turks were the "upper" class, and the people were the Rus-Khazars, or Khazars-Rus. As you wish.
      Today, by the way, like the last five years, Jews rule Ukraine. Nothing new.
      1. 0
        23 October 2019 09: 38
        Quote: Krasnoyarsk
        And what, in fact, surprises you? Is there russians in here-Russians, citizens of Russiaand there are Russian-Kazakhs, citizens of Kazakhstan, there are Russian-Ukrainians, citizens of Ukraine, will not be remembered by night.

        I am surprised at the ease with which you identify today's realities with realities. 1 years ago
        1. -3
          23 October 2019 09: 52
          Quote: Olgovich

          I am surprised by the ease with which you identify today's realities with the realities of 1 years ago.

          Everything new is well forgotten old. Everything is old as the world. Nothing new under the moon.
          Is it enough?
          1. 0
            23 October 2019 10: 00
            Quote: Krasnoyarsk
            All new is well forgotten the old

            Yes, yes: Russian citizenship is a forgotten "citizenship" ... of Khazaria Yes lol
            1. +2
              23 October 2019 10: 15
              Quote: Olgovich
              Yes, yes: Russian citizenship is a forgotten "citizenship" ... of Khazaria

              Do not be weird. You perfectly understood what I mean.
              In Khazaria, if it existed, not only the Khazars lived.
              For any historical version, behind the insufficiency of irrefutable facts, there is always an argument that reduces this version to the genre of a historical novel.
              Why didn’t I agree with you about -
              Quote: Olgovich
              Those. there were Russian Russes of the Russian State and non-Russian Russes of Khazaria.
              ?
              Because the likelihood that the "citizens" of Khazaria were Rus is quite high and quite logical. But with evidence, as always, not a lot. If not to say - nothing at all.
              1. 0
                23 October 2019 10: 21
                Quote: Krasnoyarsk
                You perfectly understood what I mean.
                In Khazaria, if it existed, not only the Khazars lived.

                I agree with this.
                And the analogies of modern citizenship with those times, just a little cut the ear ...
      2. -4
        23 October 2019 09: 47
        We also rule Russia, and the United States, and Europe.
        1. +4
          23 October 2019 10: 18
          Quote: Zeev Zeev
          We also rule Russia, and the United States, and Europe.

          That is why both we and Ukraine live so poorly.
          1. -3
            23 October 2019 11: 27
            And why does the USA and Europe live well? And why does Australia live well?
            1. +3
              24 October 2019 09: 28
              That is why they live well, that the Jews and the Anglo-Saxons rule the world by robbing the rest of the world by financial means, and they are crushing those who do not agree with the military, incl. and Maidans and other "revolutions".
              1. -2
                24 October 2019 09: 36
                All clear. Stay there, health and good mood.
    2. +2
      23 October 2019 22: 56
      Quote: Olgovich
      Those. there were Russian Russes of the Russian state and non-Russian Russes of Khazaria

      Andrei, you will be surprised, but in his own way the author is right - only he does not know why.
      The fact is that among the Slavic-Russians who lived on the territory of the Khazar Kaganate, there are clearly TWO groups (according to burials and other data) - those who simply lived ("taxable population") and those who served ("service people") , primarily in military units, often with police functions (which were clearly perceived by the rest of the people as traitors, serving the enemies).

      They also formed regiments of heavy infantry with axes "al-Sakaliba" (a rather important part of the Khazar army, obviously created on the model of the Byzantine "ethereum") - and among them were pagans, Christians, and even Slavic-Russians who converted to Judaism.
  8. +11
    23 October 2019 06: 51
    It seems that Mr. Samsonov firmly decided to take away laurels from Ren TV. At least here, in VO. wassat
    He piled up so much that it is necessary to write an entire article in order to refute it.
    1. +4
      23 October 2019 15: 49
      To cut it short, he wrote:
      "Khazars are Russians too!"
      Like the Vikings, Scythians and everyone else drinks
      1. 0
        23 October 2019 17: 03
        Well, to be honest, the Khazars were not at all exterminated. They are mentioned more than once after the campaign of Svyatoslav. Surely a bit of Khazar blood is present among the North Caucasian peoples, residents of southern Russia.
        So the Khazars may not be "also Russians," but also Russians. wink
        1. 0
          23 October 2019 17: 26
          So that's great! drinks
        2. 0
          23 October 2019 18: 57
          Quote: Beringovsky
          Well, to be honest, the Khazars were not at all exterminated. They are mentioned more than once after the campaign of Svyatoslav.

          Svyatoslav could not kill all the Khazars ... Since the Khazars themselves (628) had exterminated the neighbors to the south, the Caucasian Albanians, and partially settled there ... The result for their descendants was excellent: 14 centuries after that (we will add other Turks, warriors of Khromoi who lezghin were cut out on the same lands) a purely Turkic state of Az-n was formed ...
          And if we listen to them, the Khazars, the plans voiced by the late Schneerson: "Through the destruction of the national in Georgia and Armenia, Khazaria will reach the borders of Turkey." - then it will become clearer why Serzh Sargsyan, a Khazarin who is clearly anthropologically, was spreading rot on Armenia under the dictation of the puppeteers ...
      2. +1
        25 October 2019 00: 12
        Russian, not Russian .. But Swedish bandits and Jewish merchants contributed a lot to the development of our great and mighty one, only the author somehow elegantly circumvented this topic. What alphabet did the rest of the Khazars use ... It’s obvious that the vast majority of the population did not know Hebrew ..
        1. 0
          25 October 2019 01: 50
          Two letters have passed from Hebrew to Russian: "Ш" - ש and "Ц" - צ
          The rest are Greek. There is no hissing in Greek. Therefore had
          take Jewish.
          And the letters "Щ" and "Ч" have already been invented within the Russian language on the basis of "Ш" and "Ц".
  9. +1
    23 October 2019 07: 30
    How it all reminds modern Russia - all these "elites", "strata", "main population" ... So the end will be the same.
  10. +3
    23 October 2019 08: 17
    Judaism is a fairly closed religion. It is inherited. and on the mother’s side .. Where did she come from in Khazaria? If Khazaria, let’s say so, is the only major Jewish state of the Middle Ages, then we can assume that both Canaan and Arabia were nearby .. Well, this is in order of delirium .. In vain the author published his opus .. There are darkness of questions for him .. By the way .. European Jews knew almost nothing about Khazaria
    1. +2
      23 October 2019 09: 19
      Quote: Aleksey Alekseev_2
      It is inherited. and on the line of the mother.

      And how will the Jews present here comment on your words?
      "Professor", Zeev-Zeev, Krasnodar, please respond.
      1. +1
        23 October 2019 09: 38
        Judaism is transmitted not only by inheritance, Judaism can be adopted, and with it one can become a member of the Jewish people. Affiliation to the Jewish people is transmitted through the maternal line (since the time of the first Jew Abraham). Belonging to a particular family of the Jewish people (the tribe of Israel) is transmitted through the paternal line.
        1. +2
          23 October 2019 09: 46
          Quote: Zeev Zeev
          Belonging to a particular family of the Jewish people (the tribe of Israel) is transmitted through the paternal line.

          But this I did not know. Thank.
          1. +1
            23 October 2019 09: 51
            It's my pleasure. Enough to read the Bible. Jacob had 12 sons. Their descendants after leaving Egypt divided the land of Knaan into 12 plots. One tribe (Levy) did not receive land, but received 6 cities of refuge and priestly functions, and instead of them, the descendants of Yosef received two allotments - Efraim and Menashe.
        2. +1
          23 October 2019 11: 15
          And you try .. A friend of my friends tried ... Although he is married to a Jewess, he really wanted to get the right Jew for permanent residence .. According to him, this bagpipe lasted several years .. The rabbis dissuaded him ..
          1. 0
            23 October 2019 11: 28
            Judaism to accept? I don’t need, I have everything in order with that.
          2. 0
            24 October 2019 16: 43
            The rabbis dissuaded him ..

            There is no need to live a happy life in Israel. It is more difficult with a funeral - but the same is solved. wink
    2. +1
      23 October 2019 14: 39
      Quote: Aleksey Alekseev_2
      Judaism is a fairly closed religion. It is inherited. and on the mother’s side .. Where did she come from in Khazaria

      How Judaism arose in Khazaria, is known to Jews by documents ... A very smart Jew acted very successfully in our area along the fifth column, which angered our Tsar ... Tsarek sent his whole family out of the Armenian territories ... He settled in Khazaria ... I convinced the local people to accept Judaism ... What Russians opposed, requiring the Khazars to accept either Christianity or Islam ... Shustryak demanded a religious arrow for dismantling, where he showed that the Khazars had the right to accept Judaism ...
      ______
      Well, it’s interesting that when the Jabotinsky climbed to Istanbul with the knowledge that all the Turks were twin brothers, the Ottomans, dumbfounded, did not want to accept the Kypchaks at first ...
      1. 0
        23 October 2019 21: 31
        Quote: Karen
        He settled in Khazaria ... He convinced the local people to accept Judaism ... What did the Russians oppose demand from the Khazars to accept either Christianity or Islam ...

        Here, right, the Russians ?! Straight, here, in V ||| century? That's what Samsonov is doing life-giving with people!
        1. 0
          23 October 2019 22: 42
          Since the Jews had a ban on the destruction of letters, you can track everything every minute :)
          1. +1
            23 October 2019 23: 00
            Quote: Karen

            Since the Jews had a ban on the destruction of letters, you can track everything every minute :)

            You probably already tracked? Can I have a couple of passages? It is desirable about how Russian (!!!) pagans (!) In V ||| (!!!) in. AD for some reason they demand from the Khazars to adopt either Christianity or Islam.
            1. 0
              23 October 2019 23: 05
              My tracking was a very long time ... Only memories remained :)
      2. -2
        24 October 2019 09: 04
        "Tsarek and sent his entire family outside the Armenian territories ..." ///
        ----
        Fraternal thanks from Our Tsar to your Tsar! good drinks
        But Samsonov said that all-all are Russians, there are NO OTHERS.
        And they don’t argue with the authorities. am
        1. 0
          24 October 2019 10: 07
          I think maybe the other day I’ll go to Yeghegnadzor ... They somehow found the oldest well-preserved Jewish cemetery outside of Israel
    3. +5
      23 October 2019 15: 53
      "By the way ... European Jews knew almost nothing about Khazaria" ////
      ----
      They knew very well. There is a detailed correspondence between the High Hagan of Khazaria and the head of the Jewish community of the city of Cordoba in Spain.
      Kagan describes all the peoples of Khazaria there, and he asks about Judaism.
      Letters were written in Hebrew.
      1. A letter from the dignitary of the Cordoba caliphate Hasday ibn Shafrut to the Khazar king (Bek) Joseph
      2. A response letter from King Joseph
      3. Fragment of a response letter from a subject of Joseph, an unnamed Khazar Jew
      1. +5
        23 October 2019 16: 10
        For once, an informative comment was received from you - indeed, the ruling elite of the Khazar Khaganate converted to Judaism for a completely prosaic reason: Jewish communities in the 8-15 centuries financially controlled the Silk Road from Central Asia to Europe.

        The adoption of Judaism for the Hagan meant embedding in the financial scheme, and for the Jews - its geographical closure. The same thing happened in medieval Italy, where Christians from aristocratic families converted to Judaism by marrying Jewish women to obtain a place in banks established by Jews.

        The reason is simple: Christianity and Islam at that time forbade the collection of loan interest from the borrower, while Judaism did not.
        1. +4
          23 October 2019 17: 30
          The mighty R1a flows in my veins
          haplo blood am "character - Khazar, merciless to the enemies of the Aryans" laughing
          1. +1
            23 October 2019 17: 51
            So are you really from the tribe of Levi - a descendant of the Mitannian Aryans? laughing
            1. +2
              23 October 2019 18: 10
              There are really so many cool haplogroups in me that Klesov himself must prepare my morning coffee. wink
              1. +1
                23 October 2019 18: 19
                Quote: voyaka uh
                so many cool haplogroups

                Is there an extra chromosome? laughing
                1. +2
                  23 October 2019 18: 23
                  The Masters of the World - reptilians from the planet Nibiru - have more chromosomes than ordinary people laughing
                  1. +3
                    23 October 2019 18: 42
                    Got a reptiloid !!!
                    Give up! laughing
                    We promise - dry linen, hot tea and our hospitality!
      2. 0
        23 October 2019 23: 50
        Please indicate: the source of the detailed correspondence. As far as I learned that only one letter was written by the head of the Jewish community .. But did the Supreme Hagan answer?
    4. +2
      23 October 2019 22: 51
      Quote: Aleksey Alekseev_2
      By the way .. European Jews knew almost nothing about the Khazaria

      They knew, and very well. Not only did they trade well, but even perceiving the formation of the new Jewish kingdom as the rebirth of Israel, they began to move there en masse - especially from those territories where they were subjected to discriminatory laws (from Byzantium, from Poland, from Italy, etc.).

      And so - a simple scientifically proven (!) Fact - the Jewish merchants / Rakhdonites had stable trade relations in TWO trans-Eurasian routes - through the north, along the Great Silk Road - and maritime through the south - from Spain \ Sfarad to China in the Early Middle Ages.
  11. +12
    23 October 2019 08: 27
    An article is a great example of why historians are taught:
    first, to know historiography, i.e. who and what on this topic in science, and not in the thin. literature, said before you.
    The second is to know the language of the source of the monuments you are studying.
    Third, to have knowledge in related disciplines: archeology, ethnography, anthropology, statistics, VID (auxiliary historical disciplines), not bad, mat. analysis for historians somewhere from the sixteenth to the twentieth centuries, etc.
    Only after that, express "your hypotheses", or retell your dreams.
    In history, as in science, hypotheses are meaningless if they are not based on these three pillars.
    You cannot read Wikipedia to make scientific "conclusions".
    1. +4
      23 October 2019 08: 56
      retell your dreams.
      laughing laughing laughing
    2. +3
      23 October 2019 09: 41
      Quote: Eduard Vaschenko

      first, to know historiography, i.e. who and what on this topic in science, and not in the thin. literature, said before you.
      The second is to know the language of the source of the monuments you are studying.
      Third, to have knowledge in related disciplines: archeology, ethnography, anthropology, statistics, VID (auxiliary historical disciplines), not bad, mat. analysis for historians somewhere from the sixteenth to the twentieth centuries, etc.

      Here I completely agree with you.
    3. +1
      23 October 2019 10: 06
      Quote: Eduard Vaschenko
      An article is a great example of why historians are taught:
      first, know historiography, i.e. who and what on this topic in science, and not in the thin. literature, said before you.
      Second, know the language source of monuments that you study.
      Third, have knowledge in related disciplines: archeology, ethnography, anthropology, statistics, species (auxiliary historical disciplines), not bad, mat. analysis for historians somewhere from the sixteenth to the twentieth centuries, etc.
      Only after that, express "your hypotheses", or retell your dreams.
      In history, as a science, hypotheses meaningless if they are not based on these three whales.
      You cannot read Wikipedia to make scientific "conclusions".

      hard to disagree ...
    4. +6
      23 October 2019 10: 14
      To the auxiliary disciplines you listed, I would also add logic.
      I could not understand why from the premise: "Masudi also reports that among the pagans of Khazaria there are Slavs and Russes," they burn their dead along with their horses, utensils and ornaments ... "the author comes to the conclusion:" Thus, the Rus and the Slavs constituted the basis of the population of Khazaria ... "Where does it follow that the Slavs and Rus made up the majority, and were not a small group living among the Khazars?
      1. +4
        23 October 2019 10: 17
        Yes, I agree, we have problems everywhere with logic, not only here hi
    5. +3
      23 October 2019 13: 57
      So it is, Edward.
      Only now sometimes these historians who have studied mathematical analysis have knowledge in related disciplines, etc. manage to draw completely opposite conclusions. Than and pour water on the mill fan.
      And why? But because the historian is also a man! wassat
      1. The comment was deleted.
      2. +3
        23 October 2019 18: 42
        Alex,
        I agree with you, we are all people.
        here a long conversation: formalism, inertness, etc. everywhere, sometimes there is a good study of the material, and then the conclusions - smallpox)))
        But as Mark Blok said (close to the text): the story is complicated because we are dealing here not with dead bodies, as in physics, but with people, and you and I do not always act logically. The conventional "king", like you and me, wants to sleep, sometimes does not want to do anything, gets tired, etc.
        That there is a king, they say about our AP, no plan, only a situational reaction.
        Therefore, the most important thing for the historian is to follow the sources, but, again, the problem is, they are not always sufficient, as is the case with the Khazars.
        I have a monograph on precisely these problems throughout the Khazar historiography from 18 to 20. The century is dedicated to: I repeat, all people are human hi
  12. +8
    23 October 2019 08: 45
    Khazar Russia is a story quite forgotten in historiography from the 19th century, built on erroneous translations and readings, long ago rejected in historiography; attempts to revive it in the 20th century were unsuccessful: there is no confirmation in the sources.
    All you need to know (briefly) about the Khazars and the Slavs. The Khazars are Türks, but other peoples also entered the kaganate: Alans, Bulgars, Caucasian peoples.
    The beginning of our history - with the tribute of which several southern tribes of the Eastern Slavs paid - nomads - the Khazars or the Alans subordinate to them - the Bulgars.
    Archeologists note that these events did not take place without a fight; in the borderland with Vyatichi there are traces of fires in the territory of Saltov culture. (Sedov V.V.)
    With the arrival of the Russian family in Kiev, the situation changes, the Russians take the Khazar tribute to themselves.
    As B.A. noted Fishermen - Khazaria, in the X century, it is a small parasitic state.
    Which ultimately led to the campaign of Svyatoslav and his victory over the Khazars.
    His campaign coincided with the crisis in the “nomadic empire”, at first the civil war of the tribes, caused by the adoption of the top of Judaism’s khanate, the departure of the Hungarians and the arrival of the Pechenegs, who probably finished off the kaganate.
    The Russians occupied several important Khazar outposts; the Russian cities of Tmutarakan and Korchev appeared in the Black Sea region.
  13. +5
    23 October 2019 10: 34
    Quote: Zeev Zeev
    Moreover, the denial of the existence of Jews as a nation that does not fall within the Marxist definition of a people was completely combined with the statement that Soviet Jews are hidden Zionists and the restriction of the right to work, study and advance in the army. George Orwell described it well enough

    Do not grind rubbish, it is impossible to grind it even with the help of Orwell
  14. 0
    23 October 2019 10: 46
    As I understand it, the author did not read Leo Gumelev, and therefore he is trying to drag his version by the ears and pass it off as scientific research, but he should dig deeper into the ground and read smart archaeological historians.
    1. 0
      23 October 2019 23: 57
      Call for acquaintance a clever archaeologist .. Rybakov, do not offer ..
  15. +1
    23 October 2019 11: 28
    The author is not aware of the latest research in the field of genetics of the origin of ethnic groups and the Khazars in particular.

    From the middle of the 2 millennium BC in the Black Sea steppes, in South Siberia and Central Asia, Persian-speaking Scythians - mestizos of the native inhabitants (northern Semites of J2) and Black Sea Aryans (R1a), who left for India, Iran and Asia Minor, lived. East of the Scythians lived the Sarmatians - the Mestizos of Asian Celts (Erbins R1b) and Northern Semites.

    From the beginning of the new era, the Tungus / Mongols (С2), Ugro-Finns (N1c1) and chum salmon (Q1) began to invade Central and then Central Asia from the Far East. These tribes first assimilated the Sarmatians and Scythians culturally and linguistically, and then in the 4 century invaded Europe led by the Ket Turkish-speaking Hunnu tribe.

    After that, the invasions of the Turkic-speaking mestizo tribes from Asia into the steppe zone of Europe took a regular character - Avars, Khazars, Polovtsy, Bulgars. In addition, Finno-speaking Asian Celts, known as Ugri / Hungarians, invaded Europe together with them.

    Only two peoples were able to form their state in Europe - the Khazars and the Hungarians. The first state had the borders of the mouth of the Danube - Dnieper rapids - Azov - Caucasus - Transcaspian. The second state is located in the only steppe zone of central Europe - the Pannonian lowland.

    The relations of the border East European Slavic tribes (Polyans) with the Khazars until the formation of the Russian Land state with the capital in Novgorod and the dependent principality in Kiev, headed by the Western Slav - Rus Askold Dir (862 year) were built on tributes paid by the settled glades to nomadic Khazars .This was the standard practice of the time, which was used, for example, by the Roman and Byzantine empires in relation to the bordering nomadic peoples.

    The meaning of calling on the principality of the Western Slavic Rurik - the grandson of the elder of the East Slavic tribe of Slovenes was to bring the organizational beginning to the totality of all East European Slavs to eliminate economic dependence on neighbors - Scandinavians, Khazars, Bulgar, Byzantines, Poles, Vlachs and etc. This task was solved by the grandson of Rurik, Grand Duke Svyatoslav, who destroyed the main enemy of the Russian Land - the Khazar state as such. The Asian part of Khazaria was absorbed by its Turkic-speaking rivals.

    The title "kagan" was used by the great princes of the Rus Land on a par with the Slavic title "sovereign" (from the word "domination" - power) in order to equalize rights with the kagan of Khazaria. In the future, instead of the irrelevant "kagan", the title "tsar" will be added to the title "sovereign" in order to equalize rights with the Byzantine Caesar and the German Kaiser, and then the "emperor" in order to rise above all the monarchs of Europe.
    1. +2
      23 October 2019 14: 14
      The sense of calling on the principality of the Western Slavic Rurik - the grandson of the elder of the East Slavic tribe of Slovenes was precisely that, to bring the organizational principle to the totality of all East European Slavs to eliminate economic dependence on neighbors -

      Feel free however! hi soldier soldier soldier
      Perhaps Gostomysl should be recognized as a great politician of the early Middle Ages, who far ahead of his contemporaries. Geopolitician 9v, it sounds!
      For Gostomysl! drinks
      1. +1
        23 October 2019 14: 22
        The Slovenian elder Gostomysl, of course, was only concerned about his neighbors on Ladoga (Scandinavians, Balts and Finno-Finns). But his grandson, Prince of Rus, Rurik, thought really geopolitically (within Europe), since the geography of raids by Western Slavs from the 6 century extended from the Iberian Peninsula (Askold Deer ravaged several Christian and Arab cities there before Kiev) to the North, Baltic, Black and Caspian seas.
        1. 0
          23 October 2019 14: 48
          Quote: Operator
          ... But his grandson, Prince of Rus Rurik thought really geopolitically (within Europe) ...

          IMHO, the first such "geopolitically minded" - Svyatoslav. Although hardly within the framework of Europe, he probably didn’t know a word like that.
          And raids for the sake of robbery, they are raids, and their geography depends mainly on opportunities and greed. And not from geopolitical advancement. The robbery of Iberia is certainly a good and worthwhile business, only how could he help protect the borders from the same Khazars?
          If Askold and Deer were thinking more about how to rob the distant than about protecting their neighbors, what kind of state builders are they?
          P.S. But Rurik, it may or may not have been hi
          like the Varangians (not just, but in the 9th century, of course)
          1. 0
            23 October 2019 14: 58
            On the drum, as the Western Slavs called the European subcontinent, the main thing is that they are well oriented among European states and tribes.

            As you know, the Western Slavs (including the Rus) living on the southern Baltic coast, for various reasons, did not have their own state. It is likely that the Russians with knowledge of the options for social structure wanted, but could not (due to their small size and small territory of residence) create something similar. And then they suddenly got lucky in the person of Gostomysl and graters of numerous and widely settled East Slavs with their neighbors.

            As a result, the Rus made Slovenes, Krivichs, Dregovics, Vyatichs, Drevlyans, northerners, Radimichs, Polyans and others an offer that could not be refused laughing
            1. 0
              23 October 2019 17: 37
              Quote: Operator
              On the drum, as the Western Slavs called the European subcontinent, the main thing is that they are well oriented among European states and tribes.

              Hardly. As you know, all the "foreign policy activities" of the Western Slavs were limited to their neighbors - the Saxons, Danes and Franks. It is not known about any attempts to negotiate with someone else. That was their outlook. They were not smart enough to unite, or to stick at least to a stronger Poland, or to accept Christianity. All they were capable of was squabbling with others and with each other. What kind of "orientation" can we talk about here?
              As for Rurik's proposal, which cannot be refused, I personally am more and more inclined to believe that there was no calling. It is simply just a well-"processed" version of events, recorded by a Kiev chronicler more than two centuries after the events. It was beneficial in this form - and it appeared.
              By the way, even according to the annals, with the exception of Slovenian Kriviches and Slovenian people, they had to persuade the rest to live with a sword in a single state. Apparently, unlike the first, they believed that everything was fine with the order laughing
          2. 0
            23 October 2019 22: 44
            Quote: Beringovsky
            IMHO, the first such "geopolitically minded" - Svyatoslav. Although hardly within the framework of Europe, he probably didn’t know a word like that.

            I knew. Leo the Deacon quotes his direct quotation of the ultimatum - where he demands the evacuation of Byzantine troops from Europe (which clearly meant the Byzantine territories of the Balkans from the Danube to the Peloponnese).

            Quote: Beringovsky
            If Askold and Deer were thinking more about how to rob the distant than about protecting their neighbors, what kind of state builders are they?

            Askold (and possibly Dir, although this may be the nickname of the first) - was \ were "military governors" of the Kiev region, supplied or hired by the Khazars, no more. Against this background, Rurik and Oleg tried to act much more independently.
            1. 0
              24 October 2019 11: 11
              Yes, I know. Dir (Dird) is György, Hungarian.
              Only in this hypothesis does the Rus campaign of 860g not fit well.
          3. 0
            24 October 2019 00: 15
            "And Rurik may not have existed at all." He was. It was he who brought the idea of ​​empire into the minds of the Slavs ... Well, the Jews helped a little ..
  16. +3
    23 October 2019 11: 31
    I can recommend the works of Anatoly Petrovich Novoseltsev to those interested in the Khazar Khaganate and the history of his relationship with neighbors. The man was specialized in this issue.
    Here is a small quote from his work "The Khazar State and its Role in the History of Eastern Europe and the Caucasus"
    The Khazar language, as proved by linguists, is Türkic, but together with Bulgar it belonged to a separate group of Türkic languages, quite different from other Türkic languages ​​most widespread in the XNUMXth-XNUMXth centuries. (Oguz, Kimak, Kypchak, etc.), well known in the Muslim world. This, obviously, explains the seemingly strange fact that Muslim authors provide contradictory data on the Khazar language. With the appearance of the first attempts to generalize the Türkic vocabulary, a model of which was the famous "Dictionary of the Türkic language" by Mahmud of Kashgar (XI century), such information no longer appears. But, at the time of Mahmud, the Khazar language had already disappeared, and the scientist did not record his vocabulary. But Mahmud uses the Bulgar language in his lexicon, and this is a solid proof of belonging to the Turkic family and the Khazar language, the closest relative of the Bulgars language. Differences between them, of course, existed, but at our current level of knowledge, they are elusive.

    The opinion of such a specialist is much more significant for me than the opinions of Petukhov and Savelyev combined and repeatedly multiplied.
    A lot can be said about Yury Dmitrievich Petukhov, but not that he is a historian. Racist, chauvinist, extremist - yes, which, incidentally, was recognized by the court. I would add a couple more definitions, but the Resurrected in the Mist will certainly define them as trolling or insults and will probably be right.
    Saveliev Evgraf Petrovich personality is no less odious. A Don Cossack, a graduate of a teacher’s seminary, he suddenly imagined himself a historian and began to write books about the history of the Cossacks. I tried to read his works, especially since among my ancestors there were Don Cossacks, at one time I was interested in this topic. This is complete horror and gloom. Cossacks everywhere, if someone defeated someone somewhere, it was the Cossacks. Cossacks are the ancestors of everything, etc. From a scientific point of view, his writings may only interest psychiatrists.
    Actually, the author of this article's choice of authorities for citation speaks volumes.
    I don't even want to talk about the article itself. It will be more useful to discuss the personal life of Ksenia Sobchak, there at least some facts can be taken from reality. The tendentiousness and enchanting stupidity shown by the author when writing articles about the Middle Ages has become the talk of the town on the site. I am glad that the majority of colleagues, even eternal antagonists, in their assessment of Samsonov's “creativity”, as a rule, agree.
    In discussing one of the author's past publications, I became interested in the source from which the author draws strength and inspiration. Colleagues expressed some interesting thoughts, and they were rubbed, which may indicate that someone did guess right. Now I am interested in another question: do you think, colleagues, does the author himself believe in the nonsense that he publishes here, or is it just another successful attempt to throw at the fan - to laugh cleanly? If the former, then it is time for the author's relatives to think about calling a doctor, if the latter, then it is time for the administration to take measures and lustrate the author on the basis of the "General Site Rules", section "It is forbidden on the site" p. H) "Trolling - provocation and incitement - that is, deliberate deception, slander, incitement to quarrels and strife, a call to unseemly actions. "
    And again, colleagues, remember, the Risen One in the Mist does not sleep and at any moment can come and give us all a testicle.
  17. +2
    23 October 2019 12: 30
    Khazars Turkic nomadic people. Kaz by the Turkic nomad. Hence, kaz-ah, the Kazakhs are also a nomadic Turkic people. Read MI Artamonov's “History of the Khazars” and do not invent any nonsense like this scientist said everything about the Khazars back in 1962.
  18. +4
    23 October 2019 13: 53
    Quote: sniperino
    There is a humble request to the authors of historical articles to use links and a list of sources.

    + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
  19. -1
    23 October 2019 14: 09
    How unexpectedly many specialists of various profiles in the comments !!! One author is not literate ....
    Referring to Professor A. Klesov: ".... to date, the opened graves of the Khazars (and this is more than 100 burials) show that they are all performed according to the rites of the steppe people ..... in the last two opened mounds, DNA analysis -genealogy showed R1a ... Z93 - these are the descendants of the Scythians, and among modern Russians R1a ... Z280 is another branch of the so-called Aryan haplogroup ".
    It turns out that at least the Khazars buried in these two mounds were descendants of the Scythians. That is, the author was not so wrong in deducing the Khazars from the Scythians. Here, apparently, it is necessary to clarify that it is difficult to find nationalities with 100% of one haplogroup, especially since the ancient peoples cannot be generalized. It’s all over there .....
    Here is the link to the 2017 video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nooA55MQD8M
  20. -5
    23 October 2019 15: 56
    Khazars are not Rus, of course. Khazars as an ethnos exist even now - they are Cossacks. They are considered "Slavs" and considered themselves as such since the adoption of Christianity.
    The problem is different. The term "Slavs" did not mean (and does not mean) ethnicity. Both Rus and the Khazars became "Slavs" as a result of falling into vassal dependence on Byzantium. But Russia is the East Germans. Khazars are Sarmatians (possibly before the adoption of Christianity they were already Turkic-speaking, since for some time they were under the rule of the Turkic elites). You can understand the difference between these peoples by comparing the Russian Federation and Ukraine. It is in Ukraine that the Khazars make up a fairly large percentage of the population relative to the total number
    1. +1
      1 November 2019 00: 50
      Quote: Force Multiplier
      The Khazars as an ethnos exist and now they are Cossacks

      In the internet there is information that the "hussars" are the same "Khaz-Ary" (Khazars). Let us recall the Polish winged hussars "with wings". And even today in Crimea they remember about winged griffins, though they only talk about Scythians, and it's a pity, the Khazars had the same thing: (for some reason, the picture is not inserted).
      1. -1
        27 March 2020 00: 21
        Goose in Turkic Kufi and Az. Kazak is a white goose. Cossack Khazar Gusar kai-Sak, rysar is read by transliteration as a hussar. My discovery is like a vice-gunpowder (one sound from the Türks). The knight is the hussar kaiSak, the royal Sak whose Golden armor was found by Kazakh Cossacks.
    2. -1
      27 March 2020 00: 28
      Rus and Khazars did not become Slavs even in the annals! Papal legates Cyril and Methodius in the Khazar voyage by order of the Pope took in 862 in Khazaria the Türks of the Altai kings of the Roda Ashin - the kagans of the Temple of Tsar Cyr the Khazars - the Jews. "Danube Slavs"! Rus Khazars that the Jews are a people of priests here, in real Israel (the Aramean horsemen of the north had the Gospels and Psalter, a synagogue and invented the Paper and the Book of Kagit!) Khazars to Rome and but slaves of the Slavs! In 864, the Slavs, who accepted the "liberated" serfdom (slave Cross slavery of the Hebrew Slavs) through Baptism, killed all the Bulgar Turks of 56 clans of the Khagans of Israel! Rome with the Slavs took this place. Therefore, the Russian language is now forbidden to slaves in Erephia !!
  21. 0
    23 October 2019 17: 49
    Quote: Beringovsky
    all "foreign policy activities" of the Western Slavs

    Rurik was only half Western Slav.
    1. 0
      23 October 2019 19: 03
      You see, there is an opinion that there was no Rurik (with Truvar and Sineus) at all. Well, or at least it wasn’t, as the chronicler describes it. What is the basis for this?
      Well, firstly, the name of Rurik is practically not used until Rurik Rostislavich, although Oleg, Igor and Svyatoslavov are a dime a dozen. This should especially strain the supporters of the Norman theory, because it was customary for the Scandinavians to give names to the first-born in honor of the paternal grandfather. In this case, instead of Svyatoslav, there should also be Rurik.
      Truvor and Sineus generally do not.
      Secondly, the name of Rurik practically disappears from the pages of the annals. Our princes, who loved to appeal to the memory of their ancestors, recall Oleg, Igor the Old, Olga, but never Rurik. Strange for the legendary founder, don’t you?
      Of course, I will not categorically assert that Rurik was not there and that's it. But let's imagine that this is really so? Then it turns out that for so long historians have broken spears from scratch. To build a foundation on such a shaky foundation - was Rurik, was not - and the whole building will be like a house of cards.
      1. +2
        23 October 2019 20: 01
        Quote: Beringovsky
        there is such an opinion

        Opinion does not work - cite a direct entry in the sagas / chronicles / annals that Rurik was not there or that he came from Sweden, Norway, Denmark etc.

        Until you quote, written evidence is valid in the PVL.
        1. 0
          23 October 2019 22: 23
          quote a direct entry in the sagas / chronicles / annals that Rurik was not

          How do you imagine such a record?
          Something like, "going to Slovenia, all, chud, etc. and sent for Rurik. But Rurik was not there!" So?
          I brought you one of the versions, brought the arguments. It is you who must seek the answer to them.
      2. +1
        23 October 2019 23: 16
        Quote: Beringovsky
        Well, firstly ... Secondly

        This is again the opinion.
        You can quote, plz.
        1. 0
          23 October 2019 23: 59
          The absence of Ruriks in the nameserver of Russian princes is not an opinion but a fact. Like the lack of links to it. Try to refute this, maybe you are lucky to find another Rurik. winked
          Or try to explain why this name was not popular.
          P.S. I don’t understand what quote you are asking?
          1. +1
            24 October 2019 00: 14
            Rurik Rostislavich - Prince Peremyshlsky (1086-1092)
            Rurik Rostislavich - Prince of Novgorod (1170 — 1171), Prince of Ovruch (1173 — 1194), Grand Prince of Kiev (1173, 1181, 1194 — 1201, 1203 — 1204, 1205 — 1206, 1207 —XNX )

            Quotation from the saga, chronicle / annals about the Scandinavian origin of Rurik or the absence of an event - Rurik's arrival in Ladoga in the 9 century.
            1. -1
              24 October 2019 10: 51
              Do you see? Only three princes, and this name appears two centuries later after the legendary Rurik. Why is there such oblivion of the "founder of the dynasty"? request This name was not particularly popular with Russian princes, was it? Compare at least with many Oleg, Igor and Svyatoslavs.
              How can you quote the absence of events? - How do you even imagine such a quote? "In such a year, there were no such events?" belay so what? This is absurd.
              1. +2
                24 October 2019 13: 09
                I refuted your opinion about the absence of Rurik descendants in the ranks of the Rurikovichs, you did not refute the entry in the PVL about the arrival of Rurik in Ladoga and its non-attribution to the Swedes, nor to the Norwegians, nor to the Scandinavian population of the Jutland Peninsula.

                Then say goodbye hi
  22. 0
    23 October 2019 18: 14
    The author is so boldly conjecturing the facts. Just continuous "historical impressionism:" the rest of the population "is obviously (!) - Christians ... ?? ... Kagan Vladimir is the heir of the Kaganate ...
    Then Peter I and Hirohito are simply the descendants of Octavian Augustus himself ....

    ps The problem of ethnogenesis of the Slavs, Rus, Khazar communities is really complex and very very interesting.
    However, I had to force myself to read this opus.
  23. +2
    23 October 2019 21: 06
    Jewish ruling communities were destroyed or fled. And the main part of the population of the Khazars - Slavs and Rus, became part of the Russian state. Khazaria became part of Russia. Therefore, Vladimir and Yaroslav, as the heirs of Svyatoslav, and became Hagan, since the Khazaria has become part of the Russian state.

    Cool. A hint of a second Israel in the Volga region.
    And the conclusion is amazing)) And how simple it is))
    God cannot change history, but historians can))
  24. +1
    23 October 2019 22: 39
    Quote: Samsonov Alexander
    It is interesting that the Khazaria from the Black Sea, the Caucasus and the Caspian in the south to the Dnieper in the west, the Middle Volga in the north and the Urals in the east completely coincides with the ancient Sarmatia, known from historical sources. In fact, Khazaria was the heiress of Sarmatia, only its elite was of Turkic origin, and then even adopted Judaism.

    No heredity in statehood! the Hunnic pogrom destroyed everything - both the Gothic power in the Dnieper and Sarmatia. Khazaria is a typical Turkic nomadic empire, which later transformed into a solid state of a mixed settled nomadic type.

    Quote: Samsonov Alexander
    The question is who the simple Khazars were, the overwhelming majority of the population of the Khaganate. L.N. Gumilyov suggested that the Khazars were the autochthonous (indigenous) people of the northeast Caucasus, who entered into symbiosis with the empire of the Turks and inherited power after its collapse. But there are no “North Caucasian” features in the culture of the Khazaria. Also in the Caucasus there are no recollections of this state and the Khazars' heirs.
    On the whole, he was right — the Khazars — obviously some of the peoples of the Caucasus who perceived both the North Caucasian and Turkic features.

    Quote: Samsonov Alexander
    The kinship between Russians and the Khazars is reported by an Arabic source, Collection of Stories (1126). There is a legend that “Rus and the Khazars were from the same mother and father. Then Rus grew up and, since he didn’t have a place that he liked, wrote a letter to Khazar and asked him for a part of his country to settle there. ” That is, this legend shows the idea of ​​close kinship between Russians (Russians) and the Khazars and the origin of the Russian state from the bowels of the Khazar Khaganate.
    In general, here it is not about ethnic kinship, but it's about a certain convention! And there is a clear mention of a certain agreement concluded between the arrived Scandinavian-Russians / Russians, who "settled" on the lands and regulated this fact, becoming in fact "military governors" of the regions, and the Khazar elite.

    A simple fact is that as Russia itself spread from the Novgorod-Ladoga area, so Khazaria spread from the territory of present Dagestan and the North-East Caucasus.
  25. +1
    24 October 2019 11: 37
    The funny thing is, what kind of "Russian Khazaria" was there when the concept of "Russian" actually began to take shape under Van the Terrible?
    1. +1
      24 October 2019 11: 52
      the concept of "Russian" actually began to take shape under Van the Terrible?
      The concept of "Russians" really appeared only after the annexation of Kazan. But it should be borne in mind that before that there was the concept of "rus" or "rusich", which is a noun, and these concepts existed before Ivan IV. And in view of the fact that there really was a large "Russian" diaspora in Khazaria, the use of this term as an adjective is quite natural. Perhaps you have not noticed that the adjectives from the words "rus" and "rusich" will just be "russkiy", so your claims to the author in this regard are clearly not fair. Just clarify for yourself the origin of words in Russian, then this question will go away by itself.
      1. +1
        24 October 2019 12: 04
        Varyags around the world in actually preserved sources are not called a case of "ala rus" (in Arabic, for example)? ... The concept of "rusich" - sorry there was no such concept, give a source of those years in which the word "rusich" would be .. Just do not refer to our sources, we simply do not have those years ... but what is))) "the tale of Bygone Years"? the authenticity of this source raises big questions for many. But even if THIS has to do with the real, there IN RUSSIAN (in noneshnie presentation) it is written who the "rus" are and where this name comes from. You comment on THIS))) By the way, Svyatoslav (the fact that the Pechenegs were killed after the campaign against Byzantium) what was the name? "rus"? Yes, in the Byzantine Chronicles, he and his people are called "Tavrami")))) Some of the "ancient ukrov" poison ... Others invent "ancient Rus" ... what nonsense))) The peoples and tribes who lived in those days were not called yourself neither ukrami ... nor russians .... other names were. And the Russian people began to form precisely under Van the Terrible as a whole from many, many, many peoples.
        1. 0
          24 October 2019 12: 27
          The Russian people began to form precisely under Van the Terrible as a single whole of many, many, many peoples
          I don’t understand. You need the sources of those years? And if you just think: where, for example, did "Prusy" come from, sort of like from Prussia. Yes, only the term "Prussia" is not very Russian-speaking, but in those years there lived just Russian-speaking people, and by the way, they still live in the form of, for example, Lusatian Serbs, though they don't call themselves that, but call themselves simply the old-fashioned Veneti. So the Karelian-Finns are still called Veneti of the Russians of the Russian Federation. That's bad luck - it turns out you can call people this way or that, which does not change the essence of the matter. There is such a concept in linguistics as synonyms, perhaps it is familiar to you. So vrt according to ak. Rybakov, the "Greeks" did not see the difference between the Rus and the "Chipped Scythians", but the Scythians seemed to call themselves "Sakas", and this is another concept. Today, already in linguistics, the difference between the Saxons, Sakas or there Ru-Sakas is no longer noticed by everyone. You see, you can endlessly find various names and even self-names of the same people. In vain are you looking for different peoples here, I think that brands (not a self-name) can also come up, but all the same, all this is essentially the same people, just an infinite number of both its names and self-names. To confuse people, to throw confusion on the topic, they often use the method of using terms from different languages ​​and even dialects. Think about it, I think that you shouldn't worry too much about this, it will be easier this way.
          1. 0
            24 October 2019 12: 36
            It is you and the like "historians" who direct the fog ... "Rusich" you say there were such))) Or not? 1000 years ago)))) Did you dream about it or where did you get it? Well I asked you an elementary question - in fact, our only source of knowledge of those years - "the tale of bygone years" - once again I ask, what is written there about who "rus" are and where it all came from. And you all about some Rusich poison ... Who called himself that? On the basis of what you say THIS? Brands is not a self-name you think? And it doesn't seem to you that you (and no one) simply do not know and cannot know - there is nowhere to know.
            By the way, before the Revolution did the people call themselves? Russian? Yes never))) Orthodox! Read the Great Russian literature of the 17-18th century ...... at least .... And about the Prussians .. so, dear, the peoples in Europe literally 3 centuries ago decided on their nationality, divided into territories.
            1. +1
              24 October 2019 12: 51
              [Quote] [peoples in Europe literally 3 centuries ago decided on their nationality, divided into territories. / Quote] Most likely even later, but they were not "determined" but they were forcibly identified. I myself remember that such "nationalities" as "Russians" or, for example, "Jews" appeared only in 1917. And you see, no one objects that the "Jews" are given the age of 3 years. By the way, in connection with what? Can you name another age of other so-called "nationalities", if you have something to say. Why confuse people? Personally, the term "Venets" is more in spirit for me, as my nickname speaks about, and the age of these Venets, be nati, ash cannot be counted right away. Well, the term "Russian Khazaria" I think is quite appropriate, although many others can be used, if only the people would understand what this is about. Yes, that's just in Russia lived and Rus and Rusich and hare, etc. So if there was a Rus, then there must be both the Rus and the Russians derived from them, and even more so the Russian Khazars, etc.
              1. 0
                24 October 2019 13: 01
                Do you mind that the "Jews" are 3,5 thousand years old? The documents are originals! Egypt, at least about this, about the people ... By the way, the concept of "Jew" only in our country is tied to nationality))) The non-secular state of Jews Israel is somewhat different than THIS interprets ... "Jew" is a religion-Judaism ... .No more ... everything else is evil. And our Russians, Georgian, Armenian, etc. Jews from Russian-Armenians, Georgians, etc. nothing genetically different .... just their ancestors adopted Judaism. For the same reason, sorry, no Russians, until "recently" there was no-Orthodoxy (violent and not violent) united the peoples on our territory, that is why no one called themselves Russians-ORTHODOX!
                And about "lived in Russia" .... 1000 years ago? You answered who are the "Russians" in The Tale of Bygone Years? Vyryagi "ros" or "rus" ..... all came under themselves crushed-local tribes and since then went "Russian land"
                1. +1
                  24 October 2019 13: 11
                  Vyryagi "ros" or "rus" ..... all came under themselves crushed-local tribes and since then went "Russian land"
                  But it is interesting that the "local tribes" were also Russian or were not and not Russian either. And what do you think? By the way: what year did this very Jewish religion appear? Do you have any info on this?
                  1. 0
                    24 October 2019 17: 35
                    The tribes could not be there "Russians" ... for the reason with which you yourself agreed, the concept of "Russians" can be considered from Vanya the Terrible .... Or did the Russians live there?))) What is the source of this? Prophetic dreams? And in general, I repeat, read the beginning of the tale of bygone years, where does the name "grew" and "rus" come from ... is it not written in Russian?
                    When did Judaism appear? The pharaohs still tortured the sons of Israel))) There is documentary evidence of this in the same Egypt. And what is not clear to you? By the way, are you personally Orthodox? Do you celebrate Easter-Pesokh? Wonderful Jewish Holiday))) What is it famous for? You want to read it)))) The question is why the Orthodox "smearing Jewish babies with the blood of a goat" are celebrating))
                    1. +1
                      24 October 2019 20: 48
                      When did Judaism appear? Pharaohs still tormented the sons of Israel))) There is documentary evidence of this in Egypt
                      The water has gone ... First, about the sons of Israel - tell me the very "documentary evidence", I have never really heard of them. And the question was when exactly Judaism itself arose ... And what kind of sons were there and in what specific pharaohs who were tortured in the end is not the topic. Sons of Israel that at that time already had a religion? If so, which one? Please answer the questions posed more attentively. To this day, I still have information that the religion of Judaism itself is quite young, and I asked the question of when, in your opinion, this religion arose, and which sons and who tortured - this is clearly not a question on the topic under consideration. Now about the concept of "Russians" - I have already noted that this term has two meanings: both a noun (nationality) and an adjective (as, for example, "American", "African", etc.). If you understand Russian, and it is quite possible that it is also native to you, then you will understand me here. Do not lump everything together. Now: "The question is why the Orthodox" are celebrating the smearing of Jewish babies with the blood of a goat)) "- We have just found out that the" Jew "nationality appears in 1917, that is, not very long ago. As for Orthodoxy: the term is complex and very ancient, few people understand it at all. In any case, the ROC appears only in 1944 (1943) -th year. Until that time, this concept has repeatedly changed its meaning, let us recall only the "Nikon reform" which ended in religious wars, but it seems that you do not know this topic, so it will take a long time to explain. And about Christianity of the "Greek pattern" (the state "Greece arose in 1821, and its inhabitants still do not call themselves Greeks.) The" Bible "was translated into" Church Slavonic "only at the end of the 1944th century, and this language itself was not known until the XNUMXth century. Why did you bring religions here, and what relation do dews and Russes have to religions? It looks like a transcendental mess in your head. For example: Russes and dews arrived from Arkona, the ancient religious capital of Vedic Orthodoxy! Have you ever heard anything about it? And what does the "Orthodoxy" of XNUMX have to do with the ancient forms of Vedism? Try to understand anything, otherwise I have to chew everything from the very beginning, and this is a very long time.
                      1. 0
                        24 October 2019 23: 31
                        Funny)))) Judaism-date of occurrence of the 1st century BC Jesus was a Jew ... and a hundred ... Although .... The ROC arose in 1943? I have no more questions.
                      2. +1
                        24 October 2019 23: 54
                        I have no more questions.
                        Hey, I just have a lot of questions. Where have you seen the documents that Judaism originated in the 1917st century? "Shulchan Aruch" in the first version was written in the XNUMXth century, and many consider the time of writing this book to be the beginning of the creation of a new religion, and this issue has already been discussed here on the site and the citizens of Israel, respected on the site, agreed with me. And who else are you here to refute their information, and first-hand? And read more closely the documentation of the Russian Orthodox Church, you do not seem to be in this. For example: the Russian Orthodox Church did not exist for a single day in RI, but the "Greek Orthodox Church of the Russian Patriarchate" was available. As far as I understand, this topic is far from you, so you can write any obvious nonsense regarding the absence of the concept of "Russians" before XNUMX, that before John IV (terrible for enemies). It looks more like you are some kind of gastrobeiter who happened to be on a Russian-language site and has no idea about the past of Russia-Russia, etc. Otherwise, you simply cannot be understood otherwise!
                      3. -1
                        27 March 2020 00: 04
                        Mirza Chet or Barys Godun bought Muscovy the role of the Fifth Patriarch of the Greek-Russian Catholic Church from the false patriarchs of the "Greeks of Phanar" secret Catholics as the fifth oldest Catholic Church! And that's all. They did not reveal any earlier baptism in 1589. This is where Rome and the troubles of the Roman kings came from after the Terrible king of the enemy of Rome. Clear? The territory of Rus Khazar Jews was the Northern Kingdom of Israel already in 862 and Without the adoption of "Judaism" - this is a new myth. Like all the fakes of Ibn Fandlan about the Islam of the Bulgarians of the Huns and the fake letters of Tsar Joseph about the Jews ... The Turks went to Their Synagogues! "- writes about the Türks People of the Torah of the Law of the Jews !! ... in nowhere. They were not at all. There were slaves every time different. They are not people, but hired workers. Guest workers, cap you write. They are nobody.
                      4. -1
                        27 March 2020 00: 08
                        Bro ... the Rus had Scripture with the alphabet in 862 in the Crimea in the Khazars of the Türks of the Altai kings of the genus Ashina-Altai this is also Our Country. And not only the Moscow Region and its yoke Tataromongol .... do not treat me about Vedism, I know everything about the Vedas, Arias, you are not. Zero. I dug the land of the Aryans as an archaeologist. Two academics in a family from Central Asia. I know all about it above.
                    2. 0
                      27 March 2020 00: 09
                      Bro the term Egypt you wrote. Whose is he? Where are the documents about the Jews, say? I will check.
                2. -1
                  27 March 2020 00: 11
                  Show me the original Jewish documents for 3500 years? And then I am a Russian biblical scholar and an Israeli of the Khazars I don’t know. And Israel now considers me a prophet in certain matters of Messianism. I am curious.
          2. -1
            27 March 2020 00: 15
            Taurus is also like Tur Tor Turk Turk Turk. Taur. Tour Salde. Thanra. Turan too.
  26. 0
    28 October 2019 19: 28
    The Khazars, like the Rus of Kiev or Chernigov, were descendants of the Scythians, the heirs of Great Scythia-Sarmatia.
    "Rus of Kiev and Chernigov" ?????? Guys do not wishful thinking, the residents of Kiev and Chernigov were not Russians, they did not consider themselves as such at that time. The Kiyans considered themselves POLYANS, and the Chernigov people - NORTHERS.
    But at that time Russians were called mercenary soldiers, among whom were Slavs, but there were also many of the same Scandinavians.
    1. 0
      1 November 2019 02: 02
      Quote: svp67
      "Rus of Kiev and Chernigov" ?????? Guys do not wishful thinking, the residents of Kiev and Chernigov were not Russians, they did not consider themselves as such at that time. The Kiyans considered themselves POLYANS, and the Chernigov people - NORTHERS.
      But at that time Russians were called mercenary soldiers, among whom were Slavs, but there were also many of the same Scandinavians.
      Sergey, please read your post carefully! In Kiev, "glades" really lived, that is how they most likely called themselves. But about the "Rus" for now, I will not say anything, but from what fright they could call themselves "Slavs", but they could not know this term at all, because this term was not their self-name, but more like a Latin origin, though sometimes they write that in Hebrew there is such: there is "glory" = "cross", but these two languages ​​were used by the Sephardim, but hardly the Ashkenazi, and even more so the Kievites themselves. And this term "Slavs" seems to arise somewhere in the XNUMXth century, not earlier. And about the "Scandinavians", so while it is known that they were clicking themselves "svei", it seems that I have not yet met other self-names, only studies say that there were no mentions of them in Russia, they didn’t have to do it, they were not very good were quite developed at that time. Here on the site there is a general confusion between self-names and foreign language klikuh (chase) of foreigners. Here in my opinion it is worth thoroughly understanding, otherwise the confusion is universal and transcendental. Something like this ...
      1. 0
        1 November 2019 06: 47
        Quote: venaya
        yes, they could not know this term at all, because this term was not their self-name, but more like a Latin origin, although sometimes they write that in Hebrew there is such: there is "glory" = "cross", but these two languages ​​were used by the Sephardim, but hardly whether the Ashkenazi, and even more so the Kievites themselves.

        No. Slavs, this is how we pronounce it now, in those days it sounded like "words", that is, those who "know the word", in contrast to those who "do not know" and it does not matter that "dumb" is is "German"
        Quote: venaya
        only studies say that there was no mention of them in Russia, they weren’t here to do figs, not really because they were sufficiently developed at that time.

        You are wrong, the excavations in the area of ​​Staraya Ladoga indicate that they were on our land. And it’s enough to read the agreement between the Rus army and Byzantium in 911, it was signed by the Rus:
        Prince Oleg and his subordinate bright and great princes and great boyars, who were represented by 15 ambassadors: Karla, Inegeld, Farlaf, Veremud, Rulav, Guda, Ruald, Karn, Frelava, Ruar, Aktev, Truan, Lidul, Fost, Stemid

        What are the "wonderful" names of the leaders of the Russian army.
        1. -2
          26 March 2020 23: 46
          Rus is the term only of the ancient Türkic dictionary of the 11th century Kashgar, Hebrew and Old Icelandic dictionary. Everywhere One meaning. Rus son of Turk is People of the Synthesis of the mobile war of the rider Tore Tere and the Karabels of the Caspian.
      2. -2
        26 March 2020 23: 50
        You rave very ignorantly. All Kings of the North come from the Don. The saga b Inglingach is the basis of their history. The Great City The Great Sweden is us Rus. In Crimea, in 862, they had the ABC of Scriptures (I now have them, the owner of the Russian-Khazar scriptures) priests + Jew, priest, Hebrew and Arab synonyms) and temples to Rome and slaves of the Slavs. There is no other.
      3. -1
        26 March 2020 23: 56
        Hmm .. the glades. the idiot must be treated. term The idiot is a citizen of Rome (myth. universe for these) who believes uncritically you are any of his nonsense. Glades in Russian Yelan-Polyana, and the Poles (glade Ulan and Alan and Alban and Arran their kind) is the Glade of Polonia, a fact. In Tatar, Alan is Polyana. Alan lived on the Ros River as well as the meadow and both served the Khazars. Alania and Albania or Arran is the place of faith and Rus according to the annals of the Rus campaign in Byrd. You learn to read and understand the meaning and not send quotes of ideology !. Rus Svendotslev (Svyatoslav) in Varang, Rus, Bulgarian Tsar from the clan of the king of Bulgaria Shishman (very Jewish name), and he was Polovtsian, i.e.Pole Alan Ulan Polyan ... all synonyms. These are the facts ...
  27. 0
    30 October 2019 17: 28
    The ethnonym Hunni (guns) dates back to 5 millennium BC, when the Bulgarian Aryans, led by their leader Khon, migrated from the Volga region to the Far East, Altai, Mongolia, the Baikal region (Buryatia), and the Amur region.
    The Huns, and especially the Khon-Bulgar empire of Attila, are considered the top of the Bulgarian statehood, the state of the Bulgarian "super-ethnos", a term recently learned by the Russians, referring to the Bulgarian super-ethnos, but want to appropriate it as Russian. The known world at that time was under the control of Attila.
    Attila was born in present-day Kazan (then Ashla, 394), belonging to the Bulgarian royal family Dulo, in his own name Kiy was called the city of Kiev, the emperor of the II Khon-Bulgarian dynasty, founded by his grandfather, the emperor Bulumar (Balamber). During Atila, there were dozens of cities named Bulgar. He himself named dozens of cities in Central Europe and Asia, whose names come from the Bulgar. In Jalda alone (Crimea) there were 15 cities with the names of the Bulgarians and the subsequent components of flowers and other favorable nuances. All this underlines the Bulgarian affiliation of Attila.
    The ethnonym Russian did not exist by itself among the Hon-Bulgarians. They were still Urus-Bulgarians. Urus (Rus) was officially introduced as a separate principality by the Khazar-Bulgarian Khakan only in 821 on behalf of the Bulgarian prince in Kiev Urus Aydar, a descendant of the Bulgarian khans Kubrat and Bat Boyan.
    "As-i" is one of the 50 names of the ancient Bulgarians in its 17000-year history. In the Middle East, the ancient Bulgarians-avi-egsazes (Hyksos), the conquerors of Egypt (in the 18th century BC), were called as "azir / asir" <"as-ar" ("b'lg-ar"), from where the name Assyria is obtained.
    In the North Caucasian dialects of the track-Bulgar language, "as-i" is pronounced with a suffocation "x", which gives the name "hasi / khazi / khaz-ar" ("b'lg-ar"). So "Khaz-ar" is equivalent to "Bulg-Aru".
    The Khazars had nothing to do with the Jews. Khazar is part of the Bulgarian dynastic family Tukhchiev, who are the nominal owners and rulers of the territories of the Azov and Kuban regions, the North Caucasus in the Empire of Great Bulgaria and the Khazar-Bulgarian Empire. While Kubrat was still alive, the leader of the Khazar-Bulgarian clan, Kir-Bagyl, came to the conclusion that after his death his sons would give up their Khakan titles and power would pass to his Bulgarian clan. But since Bat-Boyan does not fulfill this promise, civil wars begin, at the end of which, with the help of 100 Turkic troops, Kir-Bagyl comes out victorious. And he calls the state by his name Khazar. But this is a continuation of the earlier Bulgarian states, which is confirmed by Kir-Bagyl himself.
    In 1013, the Khazar-Bulgarian Empire split into Iskel (Rus = "Kara Bulgar" - "Western Bulgaria") and Ak Bulgar ("Eastern Bulgaria", or "Volga Bulgaria"). All the emperors (Khakan-Beks) of the Khazar-Bulgar were Bulgarians. Not a single Jew.
    1. -1
      26 March 2020 23: 40
      There is a Jew in the Russian and Roman languages ​​as a priest. The people of the Priests. One must have a mind and a Spirit for Knowledge. Quotes bear the stamp of the ideology of one authority, one must be able to avoid this religion of myths. Quotes were never Truth, but scholasticism & scholasticism of the Jesuits with their authoritarian logic Dogma. The truth is in reasoning and rejection of "facts" that have not passed it.
    2. -1
      26 March 2020 23: 44
      5000 BC is rare schizophrenia. The term AD was created by Dionysius the Younger Scythian abbot in the 6th century. There are no such ancient books. So it’s time to include the treatment of hysteria with myths of small tribes ... Turk is Vera like Moal and El and Rus. With different meanings. It's time to make sense of the words in the language of Rus, if you use it. He is not yours, but ours.
  28. 0
    9 November 2019 06: 13
    If the Russians were descendants of the Scythians .... then why did the Russians stop drinking the mare’s milk, which the Scythians used as food according to the testimony of Herodotus? The whole nation cannot completely abandon one tradition for no reason .... You cannot erase traditions if they do not contradict faith ...
    1. -1
      26 March 2020 23: 25
      I am Rus, the son of Turk drink koumiss. You beguiled the slaves of the Slavs with the Rus people of the Roche Apocalypse
  29. 0
    19 December 2019 07: 26
    And the main part of the population of the Khazars - Slavs and Rus, became part of the Russian state. Khazaria became part of Russia. Therefore, Vladimir and Yaroslav, as the heirs of Svyatoslav, and became Hagan, since the Khazaria has become part of the Russian state. It is enough to recall how later the title of the newly-joined land was added to the title of the Russian Grand Duke or Tsar Emperor.
    --WELL WRITTEN WRITTEN! ... HAGANS the so-called rulers in the Khazar Haganate ... in Russia there have always been kings! .. that’s all the salt))
    1. -1
      26 March 2020 23: 24
      Rus had slaves of the Slavs. Rus are not slaves. so they write because of the Roman myths of the executed Romanovs in the Russian revolution!
  30. 0
    4 May 2020 20: 09
    Khazars are residents of the Khazars. The territory is huge from the Black and Caspian Sea to Moscow and Kazan. Naturally, Caucasian peoples lived on the territory of the Caucasus. But the entire Volga region lived the whole north of Khazaria. Bulgars and Rus.
  31. +1
    16 December 2020 08: 01
    Article, bullshit ... In Byzantine sources, it is directly indicated on the occupation of the Khazars - nomadic cattle breeding, crafts, hunting ... The Slavs were engaged in nomadic cattle breeding and then suddenly forgot how to do it? laughing

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