From Crimea - to the Kuban. Throw of General Ulagai

28
We saw serious preparation by white of his strategic landing (Strategic landing).

From Crimea - to the Kuban. Throw of General Ulagai




What could the Reds oppose him?

9-I army - the defender of the Kuban


By the beginning of the operation, the Kuban was part of the region of the Red Caucasus Front and was engaged in its right-flank 9th Kuban Army. The mission of the army was: a) ensuring the right flank and rear from the Crimea and Georgia, b) fighting the white-greens and rebels within the occupied territory, c) general assistance to calm and Sovietize the Kuban region.

Performing these tasks, the army units were located

1) 22 I rifle division with attached units (about 8300 bayonets, 230 machine guns, 28 light and 11 heavy guns) occupied: 65th brigade - Taman Peninsula, 66th brigade - Blagoveshchenskaya - Anapa, 64 brigade without one regiment) - Novorossiysk; in the division reserve - one regiment (in the col. Dzhiginskoye); the main task of the division is to protect the coast on the Achuev - Nebugskaya section and cover the following directions from the landing: Taman Peninsula - Krasnodar, Krasnodar - Novorossiysk;

2) Black Sea brigade - 2000 - 2500 bayonets, 30 - 40 machine guns, 12 guns, on the Nebugskaya section - the border of Georgia;

3) The 34 I rifle division (3600 bayonets, 400 sabers, 100 machine guns, 20 - 30 guns) had the 101 rifle brigade in the Maykop - Belorechenskaya region, 102 rifle and XNUMeri bavenes; the main tasks are the fight against the rebel movement and the cover of the Vladikavkaz railway and the center of the Kuban from Fostikov’s army.

4) 12 Cavalry Division (1000 - 1200 sabers, 60 machine guns, 12 guns) - east of the 34 division, in the Batalpashinsky area, with the same tasks.

5) A separate brigade at the X-NUMX assault (9 - 2000 bayonets) - Krasnodar, for carrying out garrison service.

Army reserves were located: 26-I rifle brigade 9-th division (2000 bayonets, 200 sabers, 43 machine guns, 8 guns) - Gastogaevskaya; the cavalry brigade of the 22th Infantry Division (450 saber, 16 machine guns, 2 guns) - Art. Varenikovskaya, 1 Caucasian cavalry division (200 bayonets, 1000 sabers, 50 - 60 machine guns, 12 guns) - Rogovskaya - Bryukhovetskaya.


General situation in the Kuban in the first half of August 1920


In addition, in the territory of the 9 Army there were front-line reserves - the Ural Rifle Brigade (about 5000 bayonets, 400 sabers, 40 - 50 machine guns, 12 guns) - in the vicinity of station Starominskaya, 2 brigades and cavalry regiment of the 2th Don division (about 5000 bayonets, 100 sabers, 100 - 120 machine guns, 32 guns) - in the Tikhoretskaya area. This brought the total number of red forces in the Kuban to 30000 bayonets, 4000 sabers, 700 machine guns and 150 guns. However, these forces were scattered in the territory of about 100 km and were extremely dispersed - usually not having more than one regiment at one point.

The preparation by White of the landing operation in the Kuban was not a secret for the command of the 9 Army. The latter knew about this and carried out a number of measures to prepare for the fight against the enemy landing forces. The most important of these was the creation of two fortified areas:

1) Yeisk (Yeysk - x. Boyko - st. Kanivskaya, st. Kushchevskaya) - with a garrison of 1500 - 1600 bayonets, 6 guns;

2) of Krasnodar (which included the most important administrative, political and railway points of the region: Krasnodar, Tikhoretskaya, Kavkazskaya) with a garrison totaling up to 4500 people.

The tasks of the districts included: a) the struggle against the white-green movement and hostile actions of local residents, b) preparation for the defense of the most important points of the region. In addition, the coast guard was assigned to the Yeisk district in the Yeisk - x section. Boyko (his forces were located: Yeysk - 500 - 600 bayonets, Art. Dolzhanskaya - 6 bayonets, Yasenskaya - 100 - 150 bayonets, Primorsko-Akhtarskaya - near 200 - 150 bayonets (two companies); other forces - in the depths of the area).


Commander of the 9 Army M.K. Lewandowski


The distribution of forces shows that the main attention of the command of the 9 Army was given to the Taman Peninsula and the Novorossiysk region, where rather significant forces were concentrated. The direction of Primorsko-Akhtarskaya was least covered.

The dispersion of forces and reserves ruled out the possibility of actions against the landings immediately with a large fist, forcing them to be thrown into battle in parts, losing time to concentrate and risking the rout of forces separately.

The landing and the first success of the paratroopers


Early in the morning of August 14, the ships with the group of General Ulagai approached the Primorsko-Akhtarskaya and after a short shelling started embarking. The convoy got up at the Yasensky crossing and, sending intelligence to Yeysk and Mariupol, provided landing from the sea and from Yasenskaya. The first grenadier battalion of the Alekseevsky Infantry Regiment, which landed first on a sandbank in 7 km north of the Primorsko-Akhtarsky battalion, between 8 and 9 spent two hours without effort knocked out two red companies from Primorsko-Akhtarskaya and, pursuing them, advanced to the evening. Free - in 15 km east of Primorsko-Akhtarskaya. The landing of the remaining forces was carried out without hindrance.

During the 14 of August, the Joint Infantry Division of General Kazanovich landed and part of the cavalry of General Babiev. On the 15, the 1-I Kuban division continued to land, and on August 16 the landing of the 2-Kuban division, the forming division of Colonel Buryak and rear institutions, ended.

The appearance of large enemy forces at Primorsko-Akhtarskaya for the command of the 9 Army was a complete surprise. Considering that only a demonstration by small forces is possible in this area, and "the main surprises may be in other areas", the army command assigned the elimination of the enemy to the 1 Caucasian Cavalry Division, ordering it to "drop it into the sea at all costs" . For this, the division was strengthened by two armored trains, two armored vehicles and an 2-gun heavy tractor battery.

Having made a forced transition on the night of the 15, the cavalry division at dawn focused on the Olginskaya - x line. Kotlyarova, and in the afternoon of the 15 of August she entered into close contact with the enemy west of this line. One brigade attacked and almost destroyed at x. Kurchanka, south of the railway, an isolated grenadier battalion of whites. But other units of the Consolidated Infantry Division approached, the further advance of the brigade was suspended. At the same time, the second brigade tried to advance on the Primorsko-Akhtarskaya, north of the railway, but, having received a blow to the right flank from x. Minin from the Umansky regiment (500 saber), which advanced there at night, rolled back in disarray - and lost Brynkovskaya.

The stubborn resistance met by the 1-th Caucasian Cavalry Division on the 15-th August, convinces the command of the 9-th Army of the overwhelming task of this division. According to the new plan of the commander (order No. 067 / op), the cavalry division was to keep the enemy for several days on the Brynkovskaya - Olginskaya line. During this time, the Ural Rifle Brigade was to concentrate in the Brynkovskaya area; in the district of x. Kotlyarova - Trunova - 14-I and separate Taman cavalry brigades (total about 500 sabers, 6 guns). In the future, a simultaneous transition to the offensive was supposed: by infantry on x. Maryansky, and then to Primorsko-Akhtarskaya, and cavalry - along the line of the railway.

However, this plan was easily foiled by the enemy. Having pushed aside the units of the 16-th Caucasian Cavalry Division on the outskirts of Brynkovskaya, Olginsky, Khut on the 1-th of August. Kotlyarova, the whites in the morning of 17 went on a decisive attack - setting themselves the goal of defeating the cavalry division and capturing the Tymoshevsky railway junction. In the morning, the division of General Babiev swiftly took the Brynkovskaya - Khut area. Serbina - pos. Voluntary, dropping the Reds cavalry brigade in the direction of Novo-Dzherelievskaya. At the same time, another brigade, under pressure from the Combined Infantry Division, advancing along the railway, from the front and threatening to cover the left flank with Shifner-Markevich's cavalry, advancing from Primorsko-Akhtarskaya to Stepnaya, was forced to hastily withdraw in the direction of the Hut. Kotlyarova - Novo-Dzherelievskaya, having thrown an armored train, an armored car and a tractor battery.

By the 18-hours of the 1-th Caucasian cavalry division, reinforced by the 14-th cavalry brigade, it was possible to linger on the Hut line. Butenko - 3 - 4 km west of Novo-Dzherelievskaya. But trying to linger is expensive for the mix. After 1 - 2 hours, the infantry of Kazanovich resumes pressure along the railway line. Meanwhile, Babiev’s division with the main forces goes to 19 - 20 hours in the Hut district. Seeker - Sementsova and abruptly turns south - to Rogovskaya, cutting off the retreat routes to the red units to Bryukhovetskaya and Timoshevskaya.


Fighting 17 August.


At the same time, the advanced units of the 2th Kuban Division approach from the south to the Rogovskaya crossing, ending with the encirclement of the Red Cavalry Division. Against Babiev’s cavalry going to the rear, a reserve cavalry reserve is being set up — the 14 I cavalry brigade with an armored train. The latter, taking advantage of the fact that only the advanced parts of Babiev are approaching the railway line by this moment, easily overturns them and leaves for Tymoshevskaya. Unaware of this, the following in 3 - 4 km, already in complete darkness, parts of the red cavalry division stumble upon the main forces of Babiev - and almost point-blank meet cross machine-gun and rifle fire. In a night battle, the division is defeated, losing up to 50% of personnel, all artillery and almost all machine guns. In the morning, disparate parts of its regiments gather — the 1 brigade in Bryukhovetskaya, 2 — in Timoshevskaya.

Продолжение следует ...
Our news channels

Subscribe and stay up to date with the latest news and the most important events of the day.

28 comments
Information
Dear reader, to leave comments on the publication, you must sign in.
  1. +3
    29 September 2019 07: 51
    Commander of the 9 Army M.K. Lewandowski

    One of those who fought for turning the Cossack villages in Chechnya into Chechen auls.

    When you read the biographies of most of these Bolshevik "heroes", the thought arises that there is, after all, the highest justice: for all their efforts in favor of the new government, they received the final deserved reward and appreciation from her -a bullet. It is branded as a fascist and traitor.
    1. -3
      29 September 2019 13: 00
      Well, to call Yezhov "the highest justice" - you must have
      a very peculiar perception of the world.
      1. +1
        29 September 2019 15: 11
        Or a deeply hidden sense of humor ... lol
      2. -2
        30 September 2019 09: 49
        Quote: voyaka uh
        Well, to call Yezhov "the highest justice" - you must have
        a very peculiar perception of the world.

        Most justly (and instructive) was their FATE: they
        destroyed by the authority for which they fought.
        And who exactly was the TOOL - Jehovah, Yehuda. etc., what's the difference?
        You can consider instument .. Nagan Yes
      3. -1
        29 October 2019 07: 54
        The merits of Yezhov at the post of the fight against enemies are undeniable! How can you slander him! Some 10 Chekists cleared !!! Not to mention his other merits!
    2. +4
      29 September 2019 16: 42
      Olgovich, you are a peculiar person and ideologically alien to me, but erudite. Now I looked at Wikipedia: in the revolution since October 1917, I fought with Kerensky. In 1918 in the Red Army, he always commanded army units, not punitive detachments. I did not notice any doubtful moments in my biography. He pleaded guilty, but if you were in his place ... you would admit that they killed Tsarevich Dmitry and poisoned Ivan the Terrible (I met the version that Grozny was poisoned), they knew how to "persuade"
      1. 0
        30 September 2019 06: 44
        Also tell us about the victim to the redhead Tukhlachevsky. Recovering the shameful military commander. And if Lewandowski joined his conspiracy, then there is a road to him, and despite all the previous merits. And Tukhlachevsky 100% passed it as glass containers.
        1. -5
          30 September 2019 10: 15
          Quote: besik
          Also tell us about the victim to the redhead Tukhlachevsky. Recovering the shameful military commander. And if Lewandowski joined his conspiracy, then there is a road to him, and despite all the previous merits. And Tukhlachevsky 100% passed it as glass containers.

          These victims are tens of thousands of non-ordinary "heroes" citizens. war.

          Who selflessly handed over and branded their "comrades", then the next clenched and handed over these brands, then the next ones, the next, and so on ..... belay Yes
      2. -5
        30 September 2019 09: 58
        Quote: Astra wild
        Olgovich,, you are a peculiar person and ideologically alien to me, but erudite

        request I don’t know anything special.
        As for ideology, it is not alien, I think, to you: Russia is the best country in the world.
        Quote: Astra wild
        In 1918 in the Red Army, all the time he commanded army units, rather than punitive units.

        He destroyed the Cossacks of Chechnya. Today it is hard to imagine, but less than a hundred years ago it was a formidable local force there, firmly defending Russia's interests directly in Chechnya.
    3. +1
      30 September 2019 00: 46
      When you read the biographies of some such White Guard "heroes", the thought arises that there is, after all, the highest justice: for all their efforts in favor of the new government, they received the final well-deserved reward and appreciation - a noose. Branded as fascists and traitors. Shkuro, Krasnov, Sultan Girey Klych.
      1. +1
        30 September 2019 06: 22
        Well, there are very few such White Guard "heroes" in your expression against the general background.
        On the contrary, most of the red "heroes" of the Civil War turned out to be spies, traitors and enemies of the people. And they were punished by the stern sword of Soviet justice)
        1. 0
          30 September 2019 06: 46
          These are the most famous. Many of them served in the German army. From translators to thugs. They knew how to fight only against the civilian population. This is what "became famous".
          1. -3
            30 September 2019 10: 52
            Quote: Moskovit
            These are the most famous. A lot of them served in the German army. From translators to thugs. They knew how to fight only against civilians... This is what "became famous".

            Well, what are you: USSR citizens- Fought against the USSR TENS TIME more. And precisely against the civilian population.

            Punishers, for example, Khatyn-Do not remember? Recall: HR Art. Lieutenant of the Red Army Vasyuru (leader of the slaughter), for example, staff Lieutenant Meleshko (deputy), etc. And there are hundreds of thousands.

            By the way, that Vasyura, that Meleshko, after the war, lived quite happy long life.
            В 1986 in the year (when Vasyur was tried), one of the punitive-Kozynchenko was summoned to court as a witness in the Vasyury case. He came to the process in orders and medals
            1. -1
              30 September 2019 11: 06
              Who remained in the USSR? Degenerates alone. All wars of light were in exile. And then under the wing of his enemy flocked. You are so fond of saying how they valiantly fought with Germany.
              1. -3
                30 September 2019 12: 57
                Quote: Moskovit
                Who remained in the USSR? Degenerates alone.

                Somehow it sounds ambiguous lol request
                Quote: Moskovit
                All wars of light were in exile. And then under the wing of his enemy flocked.

                belay Vasyura and Meleshko, citizens of the USSR (they are also punishers of Khatyn) and hundreds of thousands like them, remained in the USSR.
                And many were even amnestied.
      2. -4
        30 September 2019 10: 33
        Quote: Moskovit
        When you read the biographies of some such White Guard "heroes", the thought arises that there is, after all, the highest justice: for all their efforts in favor of the new government, they received the final well-deserved reward and appreciation - a noose. Branded as fascists and traitors. Shkuro, Krasnov, Sultan Girey Klych.

        Let's read:
        The defendants were indicted on the following points:

        Treason to the motherland, that is, acts committed citizens of the USSR

        But they NEVER were citizens of the USSR. Never

        But the Levandans were precisely theirs on the board, citizens of the USSR and faithful communists.

        Differences, do not catch?

        By the way, I didn’t understand — for you personally, tens, hundreds of thousands of Lewand’s destroyed in 1931-1940 are heroes? Or heroes are those who have them? belay Yes
        1. 0
          30 September 2019 10: 54
          That is, the fact that they helped the Germans and even stained themselves in war crimes does not bother you? Legal wording just let us down?
          1. -3
            30 September 2019 12: 49
            Quote: Moskovit
            That is, the fact that they helped the Germans and even stained themselves in war crimes does not bother you?

            Sentence-WHERE? What is hiding something?

            I know that they were convicted and there was no rehabilitation. So that’s how it works.

            Again question:
            By the way, I didn’t understand — for you personally, tens, hundreds of thousands of Lewand’s destroyed in 1931-1940 are heroes? Or heroes are those who have them?
            Yes
            1. +1
              30 September 2019 13: 24
              For me, unlike you, in the Civil War, there are no angels and demons. The revolution and all subsequent events did not arise from scratch. The centuries-old oppression of the people, ignoring the interests of the majority, backfired on the current government and all those who supported it. And all these "stabs in the back" (by the way, a favorite expression of the Nazis) are empty excuses of the monarchists. Then the same fate befell all lovers of the white idea.
              But it’s especially disgusting that with the Germans, who came to destroy Russia as a state, they also brought the former White Guards. Citizens or non-citizens of the USSR, they fought on the side of the mortal enemy of Russia, not the Soviet system, but statehood itself. The very right to exist of Russian and other peoples of Russia.
              The attitude towards those who were ground in the 30s is simple. Any hedgehogs do not mind. And the red commanders who honestly fought for the idea are sorry. They could bring a lot of benefit to the Second World War. Just do not talk about Voroshilov and Budyonny with Kulik.
  2. +10
    29 September 2019 10: 43
    It is very important to convert the first successes into a common victory
    Too bad it’s not always possible ...
  3. +7
    29 September 2019 11: 15
    The forces of the 9th army are smeared, a difficult task
    even taking into account centers of resistance
    1. +6
      29 September 2019 12: 34
      And what is the task of landing an amphibious assault, and even when the enemy is aware of it?
      Also archy difficult, or even harder
  4. +5
    29 September 2019 12: 34
    The fate of the Crimean landing is interesting, let's see what happens next
  5. +3
    29 September 2019 15: 10
    I read somewhere that General Ulagai was the prototype of General Chernoy, who was superbly played by Mikhail Ulyanov in X / F "Run".
    1. +2
      29 September 2019 16: 45
      I do not know about Blackness, but Slashchev was the prototype of General Khludov. They told me about this on the website, read somewhere
      1. 0
        29 September 2019 21: 43
        Sweeter, of course, is the prototype of Khludov. And General Charnotha is a collective image that combines the features of Babiev, Shkuro, Toporkov, and Ulagai too. Maybe also Barbovich, mindful of the origin of Charnotha.
  6. 0
    29 September 2019 18: 34
    If the red command knew ahead of time about the upcoming landing, then the conclusion was. A) good work of intelligence officers. Immediately I remembered the film: "'His Excellency's adjutant." B) the headquarters of the 9th Red Army did not manage to calculate the landing site and cover it.
    Once at school I was awarded with Furmanov's book: "Red Troopers". The author tells how the Red command organized its own contingent in the area of ​​the village of Grivenskaya. I hope the author will tell you the details, otherwise I forgot a long time ago
  7. +3
    29 September 2019 21: 28
    Yeah interesting. To the author, as usual, respect and respect.
  8. The comment was deleted.

"Right Sector" (banned in Russia), "Ukrainian Insurgent Army" (UPA) (banned in Russia), ISIS (banned in Russia), "Jabhat Fatah al-Sham" formerly "Jabhat al-Nusra" (banned in Russia) , Taliban (banned in Russia), Al-Qaeda (banned in Russia), Anti-Corruption Foundation (banned in Russia), Navalny Headquarters (banned in Russia), Facebook (banned in Russia), Instagram (banned in Russia), Meta (banned in Russia), Misanthropic Division (banned in Russia), Azov (banned in Russia), Muslim Brotherhood (banned in Russia), Aum Shinrikyo (banned in Russia), AUE (banned in Russia), UNA-UNSO (banned in Russia), Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People (banned in Russia), Legion “Freedom of Russia” (armed formation, recognized as terrorist in the Russian Federation and banned)

“Non-profit organizations, unregistered public associations or individuals performing the functions of a foreign agent,” as well as media outlets performing the functions of a foreign agent: “Medusa”; "Voice of America"; "Realities"; "Present time"; "Radio Freedom"; Ponomarev; Savitskaya; Markelov; Kamalyagin; Apakhonchich; Makarevich; Dud; Gordon; Zhdanov; Medvedev; Fedorov; "Owl"; "Alliance of Doctors"; "RKK" "Levada Center"; "Memorial"; "Voice"; "Person and law"; "Rain"; "Mediazone"; "Deutsche Welle"; QMS "Caucasian Knot"; "Insider"; "New Newspaper"