Military-technical cooperation "Ladoga". Special vehicles for special tasks

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The risk of a massive nuclear missile strike by a potential enemy made special demands on the organization of command and control of troops and civilian structures. Protected command posts and special command and staff vehicles were required. An interesting version of special equipment for commanders and leaders was created as part of the Ladoga military-technical cooperation project.

Military-technical cooperation "Ladoga". Special vehicles for special tasks
One of the built cars "Ladoga". Photo by Alternathistory.com




Special assignment


An order to develop a promising highly protected vehicle (MTC) appeared at the very end of the seventies. The development of military-technical cooperation was entrusted to KB-3 of the Leningrad Kirov Plant. The project manager was deputy general designer of KB-3 V.I. Mironov. In 1982, in order to continue work on the military-technical cooperation, KB-3 created a special design unit - KB-A.

The new car had special requirements. It had to be based on existing components and have the maximum unification with serial equipment. Moreover, it was necessary to provide a high level of protection and the ability to work in conditions of radiation, chemical and biological contamination. The customer required to organize an ergonomic and comfortable habitable compartment with a developed set of communications. In fact, it was a command and staff vehicle with a number of characteristic features for top-level command.

A promising model received the designation MTC "Ladoga". The basis for such a machine was the spent serial chassis of the main tank T-80 Some units of the tank were borrowed in their original form, while other units had to be developed anew. As part of the Ladoga project, they proposed and implemented a number of design solutions that were not previously used to create domestic armored vehicles, which allowed us to obtain the desired results.

Design features


The basic tank chassis retained the main details of the hull, but lost the turret and internal units of the fighting compartment. Instead, a superstructure-cabin was mounted to accommodate new equipment and crew jobs. The superstructure was made of armored steel and provided some protection. Inside the inhabited compartment had an anti-neutron lining.


Military-technical cooperation "Ladoga" from a different angle. Photo magazine "Technology and weapons"


On "Ladoga" the gas turbine engine GTD-1250 with the power of 1250 hp was used. The engine was equipped with a system of blowing off dust from the blades, which simplified its operation in the infected area and subsequent decontamination. The transmission has remained the same. An electric unit in the form of a compact gas turbine engine and generator with an output of 18 kW was placed on the left fenders. This product was supposed to provide power supply systems in the parking lot.

The chassis design did not change and was completely borrowed from the T-80. Six-wheeled chassis with torsion bar suspension showed high mobility and did not need to be improved.

The habitable compartment was divided by a wall into two compartments. In the bow of the case there was a control compartment with two workplaces, including with the driver's post. Access to the compartment was provided by two hatches in the roof and a manhole in the main compartment. The hatches were equipped with a set of viewing instruments for driving day and night.


Interior of the inhabited compartment, left front workplace. Photo by Twitter.com/skylancer7441


The main part of the inhabited compartment, placed inside the superstructure, was intended for passengers represented by representatives of the high command. For them, several comfortable chairs, tables, etc. were intended. Landing in the car was carried out through the hatch in the rear of the left side of the superstructure. It had a large flap and a lowered ramp with steps.

At the disposal of passengers there were developed means of communication for various purposes. According to some reports, the Ladoga equipment even provided control of strategic nuclear forces. The crew also received advanced means of monitoring the situation. At least one PTS sample received a mast with cameras for all-round visibility. This device was placed on the roof of the superstructure, and the video signal was transmitted to internal monitors.

Of some interest were regular means of internal communication. The PTS crew and command used a tank intercom and headsets. However, instead of massive fabric headsets, specially designed ones made of good leather were used. They were intended both for the crew and for the transported command.


Headset for the crew and passengers of the MTC. Photo Yaplakal.com


Much attention was paid to collective defense against weapons mass destruction. In addition to standard solutions specific to Russian armored vehicles, some new ideas were used. So, depending on the situation, the air supply could be carried out from a filter-ventilation unit or from a separate cylinder installed at the aft of the superstructure. Various means were installed inside and outside the casing to monitor the situation and take measurements. The protected compartment had a supply of water and food. With it, the crew could hold out for 48 hours.

In terms of its dimensions, the Ladoga military transport vehicle did not differ much from the basic main tank, but the weight was reduced to 42 tons. The driving performance remained at the same level. A special armored vehicle could move along roads and rough terrain and overcome obstacles. Whether installation of equipment for underwater driving was planned is unknown.

"Ladoga" in trials


In the first half of the eighties, the first prototype of the Ladoga military-transport vehicle was built at LKZ and brought out for testing. The equipment was tested in different places and in different conditions. The Karakum desert, the Kopetdag and Tien Shan mountain ranges, as well as some areas of the Far North, became testing grounds for equipment. The experimental machine successfully overcame the designated tracks and maintained the required conditions inside the protected volume.


"Ladoga" with the w / n 317 in Chernobyl. Photo magazine "Technology and weapons"


A new stage of testing and testing equipment in the most difficult conditions began in the spring of 1986 and was associated with the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. In early May, the Ladoga with the tail number 317 was transferred from Leningrad to Kiev. Then the car went to the scene of the accident. A highly protected vehicle and its crew had to conduct reconnaissance of the area, as well as show the capabilities of equipment in conditions of radiation pollution.

Operation of the Ladoga military transport vehicle in the accident zone was carried out by a special detachment, which included the crew of the machine, sanitation and dosimetry services, as well as doctors and support specialists. In some PTS flights, representatives of the governing bodies joined the crew.

Ladoga performed rather complicated work. She had to examine various sections of the terrain, making observations and taking measurements. Objects were filmed, simplifying work planning. The PTS acted both at a distance from the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, and directly on it, including in the ruined engine room.


Ladoga on the site of the Patriot Park. Photos Park Hotel Patriot / vk.com/sssr_hotel


Such operation of the Ladoga military-transport vehicle continued until the beginning of autumn. Then the machine went through a thorough decontamination, and on September 14 it was sent back to Leningrad. In the future, "Ladoga" No. 317 was used as a platform for conducting various studies and experiments. After operation in the accident zone, the armored vehicle remained in good technical condition, although work in the contaminated area left its marks.

Small series


According to various sources, the Ladoga product was built in a small series. During the eighties, LKZ produced no more than 4-5 such machines, including a prototype for testing in different parts of the country. Unfortunately, detailed information on the construction and operation of such equipment - with the exception of the 317 board - is not yet available.

Apparently, the role of the military-technical cooperation led to a lack of information. Ladoga was intended to serve the country's top military and political leadership, and such work does not allow publishing too much information. From time to time, various fragmentary information appears about the operation or basing of such equipment, but it is not possible to complete the picture.

To the delight of lovers of military equipment, recently one of the Ladoga military-technical cooperation vehicles released is now a public museum exhibit. At the end of July, an armored vehicle with tail numbers "104 / 180" arrived at the branch of the Patriot park in the city of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky (Rostov Region) and became part of its exposition.

For one reason or another, the museum "Ladoga" at the moment is in poor condition. Some units are missing, the internal equipment of the inhabited compartment is removed, there are numerous damage to both the paint and the structure itself. It is hoped that the new owners will pay enough attention to the unique machine, and in the future it will look the same as after leaving the assembly shop.

Accurate information about the status and accessories of other military-technical missions issued by Ladoga is not yet available. Perhaps they will appear in the future. Also, it cannot be ruled out that the remaining samples will eventually become museum exhibits - like the already exhibited 104 / 180 machine.
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44 comments
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  1. -5
    14 August 2019 18: 14
    Yes, here it is, the inertness of thinking, having such a comfortable salon and armchairs, the "crew" could easily have been provided with headphones and a microphone, but they gave them leather headsets. Interestingly, "leather jackets" were not given to the crew?
    1. +12
      14 August 2019 18: 24
      This is still a tank and was supposed to work in a nuclear war. Headphones are good, of course, but when roads are gouged by explosions and instead of cities are ruins, on the go you’ll bury your forehead in the hatch on the ruins. headphones will not save. And you’ll swallow a microphone on a bump
      1. 0
        14 August 2019 19: 14
        Quote: RWMos
        This is still a tank and was supposed to work in a nuclear war. Headphones are good, of course, but when roads are gouged by explosions and instead of cities are ruins, on the go you’ll bury your forehead in the hatch on the ruins. headphones will not save. And you’ll swallow a microphone on a bump

        Yeah, it remains to add that he was supposed to lead the infantry into the attack. Do you even understand WHOM these machines were for? The top political leadership of the country should ride them, consider the members of the Central Committee. And there, where they would drive, the roads were not gouged by explosions, engineers would have smoothed them. And it’s not a tank, but KShM.
        1. +8
          14 August 2019 19: 20
          laughing Well then, the armor must be removed - what for, if she ride on the highway. A radar absorbing coating such as lead is many times more effective. And then the tracks should be removed - on wheels faster.
          What a fright you took. that this tank will rummage through the cleared ?! He’s also a specially protected vehicle, so that in case of something you can sit in the forest - and there, up to 48 hours to command the Strategic Missile Forces!
          1. -2
            14 August 2019 19: 36
            What a fright you took. that this tank will rummage through the cleared ?! He’s also a specially protected vehicle, so that in case of something you can sit in the forest - and there, up to 48 hours to command the Strategic Missile Forces!

            A war can begin at a time when you are scattering subordinates for fires and floods in the Irkutsk region. There is no time for command, gave the green light to retaliate and quickly into the nearest hole. Here Ladoga will pull you out of the hole and take you to the correct phone - command. And the suicide bombers will already clear the track, as the knowledgeable friend svp67 correctly noted. tongue
            1. +6
              14 August 2019 22: 23
              A few more pictures:



            2. 0
              15 August 2019 08: 54
              as the knowledgeable friend svp67 correctly noted, suicide bombers will already clear

              The opinion of the "knowledgeable" comrade is the only correct one, the rest are regularly cleaned up.
          2. +4
            14 August 2019 19: 50
            Quote: RWMos
            He’s also a specially protected vehicle, so that in case of something you can sit down in the forest - and there, before 48 hours, command the Strategic Missile Forces

            Sorry, but you did not understand the meaning of what was written. Yes, some of these machines had means of communication with the Strategic Missile Forces launcher, such as a "nuclear briefcase", and for 48 hours, that is, for two days, there was food and water in the car, for the entire crew, all the same equipment, it can break down
            Quote: RWMos
            Well then, the armor must be removed - what for, if she ride on the highway.

            And by the way, you don’t see what is installed on her VLD? External fuel tanks, not DZ. Armor, for protection against radiation, in case of passage through the infection zone. Highway, not highway, but the T-80 has the most comfortable suspension of our tanks, and even on bumps it goes very well. And of course the seats are very comfortable, you can only dream of such tankers
        2. The comment was deleted.
        3. 0
          15 August 2019 11: 21
          Quote: svp67
          The top political leadership of the country should ride them, consider the members of the Central Committee.
          Not to ride, but to move around the infected area, if necessary, is possible in personal protective equipment, how can you attach a microphone to a gas mask? So the headset with all its attributes is very appropriate here.
          1. 0
            15 August 2019 16: 03
            Quote: Bad
            So the headset with all its attributes is very appropriate here.

            Ordinary headphones with larynges or a microphone would be even better
            1. +1
              15 August 2019 23: 18
              Quote: svp67
              Ordinary earphones with larynges would be even better

              No, it’s not better, remember how you yourself, the first time it was inside a tank or other piece of iron, how many cones did you fill while getting used to? And here is an uncle from the Central Committee at an advanced age, perhaps never a military man (or a former cavalryman), or do you think they had regular trainings and exercises? No! this company of special vehicles was standing in one of the garrison near Moscow, in a separately fenced area, all movements were only inside the park, and the materiel of neighbors was used to maintain the skills of mechanical drivers.
              1. 0
                15 August 2019 23: 24
                Quote: Bad
                Remember how you yourself, the first time inside a tank or other piece of iron turned out to be, how many cones were filled while getting used to it?

                But this is far from a tank, in terms of ergonomics. There is enough free space and there are excellent chairs so that you would not fill your own cones. I think you should not upload photos of the Germans who fought that war without helmets, in only headphones.
                Quote: Bad
                And here is an uncle from the Central Committee at an advanced age, perhaps never a military man (or a former cavalryman), or do you think they had regular trainings and exercises?
                Yes, the fact of the matter is that you still need to get used to the headset, and it's hot in it, headphones, in this regard, are more comfortable for older people
                1. 0
                  15 August 2019 23: 35
                  What to get used to? Hang the tangent on the third button and press a finger? It will not be hot, there is a condo there and not one (in the salon and for special equipment). There, after all, there are also crammed means of communication as in R-142.
                  1. 0
                    15 August 2019 23: 37
                    Quote: Bad
                    What to get used to?

                    How do you like a photo of one of the test engineers of this "pepelats"?


                    P.S. By the way, even the headset in this car was unique, from well-crafted dark cherry leather, for a driver with a laryngophone, and for a member of the Central Committee and a liaison officer with a headset (such as in the picture above).
                    This is from here:
                    https://www.yaplakal.com/forum11/topic1449103.html
      2. 0
        15 August 2019 09: 25
        VIP armored personnel carrier, something similar flashed in Syria.
      3. 0
        15 August 2019 23: 42
        Quote: RWMos
        And you’ll swallow a microphone on a bump


        P.S. By the way, even the headset in this car was unique, from well-crafted dark cherry leather, for a driver with a laryngophone, and for a member of the Central Committee and a liaison officer with a headset (such as in the picture above).
        https://www.yaplakal.com/forum11/topic1449103.html
    2. +3
      14 August 2019 18: 26
      It is not very clear where the noise insulation comes from? About her in the article - not a word. On the example of rally cars, from which everything "unnecessary" is removed, starting with noise isolation, so that the pilot and the navigator, sitting side by side, communicate through laryngophones / microphones, Ladoga could have gone by the way of abandoning noise isolation in favor of headsets. Looks reasonable.
      1. +1
        14 August 2019 18: 55
        Interestingly, the current command has something similar?
        1. +2
          14 August 2019 19: 00
          Interestingly, the current command has something similar?

          Surely. When this crap appeared in the 80s, it was terribly secret (although what is there to keep secret?).
          When showing off at special training grounds, she left last. Soldiers-conscripts were deployed around, and the political leaders grazed so that they would not look back. laughing
        2. 0
          14 August 2019 19: 18
          Quote: Chaldon48
          Interestingly, the current command has something similar?

          The command did not have them, these machines were for the country's leadership, the army command had its own equipment. These machines are like "business jets".
          1. 0
            15 August 2019 00: 19
            "Business jets" are armored "Mercedes", armor, of course, compared to the T-80, complete zero, but what comfort! And you can hold the "nuclear briefcase" on your knees.
      2. +2
        14 August 2019 19: 17
        Quote: Proctologist
        It’s not very clear where the noise insulation is from in the cabin. About her in the article - not a word.

        The T-80 itself has an interesting feature, it is the quietest of our tanks, thanks to its engine, the main noise is directed to the stern, and in front of it it can never be heard. Plus a shot, he also does not drown out the sounds and vibrations of the armor.
  2. +7
    14 August 2019 18: 43
    Just yesterday, in the comments, the author was told that journalism, especially "technical", was not for him. With a lot of information about a car, this is the worst article about it. Even Wikipedia is better.
    I recommend Mironov's article "VTS" Ladoga "in the journal EQUIPMENT AND ARMS for October 2012.
    A few photos from the above article.
    1. +3
      14 August 2019 18: 44

      The workplace of the driver.
      1. +4
        14 August 2019 18: 45

        The interior of the cabin.
    2. -1
      14 August 2019 21: 04
      Just yesterday, in the comments, the author was told that journalism, especially "technical", was not for him.

      No dirt, good writer.
      1. +2
        14 August 2019 21: 14
        Everyone has their own taste, their own style: dad loves watermelon, and mother is an officer.
  3. 0
    14 August 2019 19: 30
    Well, let's say the bosses survived and got into these devices. And who gathered to command, the people, that is, the performers are already inanimate.
    1. +1
      14 August 2019 20: 04
      the performers are already inanimate.

      According to real calculations, after a complete exchange of nuclear strikes, up to 40% of the population of the USSR, mainly in rural areas, survived. The control structures, even with the first massive (more than 50% of charges), remained at the "between regions" level. Now, after disarmament, the forecast is much more optimistic.
    2. +3
      15 August 2019 12: 54
      Quote: Ros 56
      Well, let's say the bosses survived and got into these devices. And who gathered to command, the people, that is, the performers are already inanimate.

      It’s just the performers who are living - the armed forces from the 50s of the last century were preparing to act in conditions of nuclear war and radiation contamination of the area. All these outbreaks and HLFs were not in vain done - those inside the equipment had great chances to survive.
  4. KCA
    0
    14 August 2019 19: 41
    Well, it’s fun, decontamination was carried out, you don’t have to write nonsense, you can wash the dirt off the boards, and also wash away the induced radiation with shampoo? If the tractor rode directly to the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, it only sucks forever, well, or melt 60 tons in open-hearth with 600 tons of clean scrap, although sensors can be detected at customs anyway
    1. 0
      14 August 2019 20: 31
      Where will you get marten?
      1. +1
        14 August 2019 21: 26
        ... although work in contaminated areas left its mark.


        And what is meant here by "footprints", a stashed flask with an "awl" under the back seat?
      2. KCA
        0
        14 August 2019 21: 43
        From the sedimentation tanks in the Chernobyl NPP contamination zone, practically all of the ferrous metal that was there was gone, you can’t even talk about the colormet, I won’t find the marten anywhere, but all the armored personnel carriers, MTLB and so on, have fused somewhere, apparently , or there were operating open-hearth furnaces, the induced iron cannot be fused without remelting, the background is too large, and there are sensors at any customs post, the inspection team also comes to the ships with the radiation registrar, if not from the on / off side, then the importer’s country
        1. +2
          14 August 2019 21: 56
          They started cutting equipment slowly in 2006. In 2012, it was already being cut at full speed.
          You obviously don’t understand the difference between induced radioactivity and radioactive contamination.
          And if the induced radioactivity is "eliminated" only naturally, until the decay of activated isotopes takes place, then radioactive contamination is eliminated by various methods of decontamination, both physicochemical and mechanical, up to sandblasting.
          Technique of the Chernobyl zone of the phonil due to radioactive contamination, which is disposable.
          In order to activate the induced radioactivity at some significant levels, you need much more time. When calculating reactor materials, they start at least five years old.
          1. KCA
            +1
            14 August 2019 22: 34
            I wrote that the radioactive dirt can be washed away, but the induced radiation is not, the time required to convert stable elements into unstable depends on the radiation power and on the material itself, for example polyethylene, lead, and even some grades of stainless steel are very stable, but cast iron, ordinary steel is easy to start under the influence of radiation, and it is impossible to stop the process until complete decay, half-life of various iron isotopes from milliseconds to millions of years
        2. +1
          14 August 2019 22: 11
          Quote: KCA
          you can not talk about colormet

          All Chernobyl has long been sacked. A sad sight, not a single whole apartment was left. To whom grief, and to whom the looter with profit.
        3. +1
          15 August 2019 00: 13
          They tried to bring them to the Baltic states for remelting on a quiet one, so the steelworkers refused to work, after they put the sensors on acceptance
    2. 0
      14 August 2019 21: 23
      I think that, as you put it "tractor", not only melted, but also zahavali after studying the consequences of being in the engine room. Having received exclusive data, I think at that time people were not so "reckless" to be near the firing technology.
      1. KCA
        0
        14 August 2019 21: 34
        Then there were no reckless ones, but after 1991? I personally walked past a fenced sump with weak-sounding pieces of iron, simply fenced off with a fence, though inside another fence with a PCB and 3 signaling circuits, the pieces of iron have been there for 70 years, and how much more they will lie, I don’t know, forever, within the limits of human understanding given time period.
    3. +3
      14 August 2019 21: 24
      Nevertheless, almost all (if not all) of the armored vehicles from there were flooded with "slops", and what they did with it later was known only to those who got a certain gesheft from this.
      1. +3
        14 August 2019 21: 32
        It is extremely difficult to guess what "traces" the author had in mind, but the compensating ones obviously speak of induced radioactivity. This is a difficult question, since its level depends on the material and the time and intensity of exposure to neutron radiation.
        1. +3
          14 August 2019 21: 35
          Thanks, Vic. God saved me from this case in Chernobyl in the person of my military registration and enlistment friend Captain Seryoga Malikov. My eternal gratitude to him.
  5. 0
    15 August 2019 03: 11
    What’s wrong with us is horseradish to the apocalypse.

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