Privatirs and corsairs of the island of Jamaica

97
Corsairs and privateers (privateers) of the island of Jamaica in the 17th century were known in the West Indies no less than the filibusters of Tortuga. And the most famous of the Jamaican Port Royal privatists, Henry Morgan, became a living personification of that era. Today we will begin the story of Jamaica and the dashing filibusters of Port Royal.

Privatirs and corsairs of the island of Jamaica

Privatir with a musket, painted tin figurine, 1720




Jamaica Island: History and Geography


The name of the island of Jamaica originates from the distorted Native American word "Haimaka" (Xaymaca), which can be translated as "land of springs" (or "sources"). There really are a lot of small rivers - near 120, the longest of them, Rio Grande, has a length of more than 100 km, and along the Black River small vessels can rise up to a distance of 48 km.


Black River, Jamaica


For the Spanish ships crossing the Atlantic Ocean, such an abundance of water resources turned out to be very useful, Jamaica became for them an important base on the way to Central America and vice versa.


Spanish ships, medieval engraving


This island was discovered by Christopher Columbus 5 on May 1494, during his second voyage to the shores of America.

In 1503-1504 (fourth trip) Columbus again found himself in Jamaica, this time forcedly, because he had to put his storm-tormented ships aground near this island. To improve the supply of the crews of his ships, he acted as a great magician, able to "extinguish the moon" (lunar eclipse 29 February 1504 g.).


Christopher Columbus and the lunar eclipse of 1504, engraving


On this island, Columbus spent a whole year surviving the riot of part of the team, led by the brothers Francisco and Diego Porras, who accused him of not making enough efforts to return to his homeland.


The battle in Jamaica between Christopher Columbus and Francisco Porras


Only on 28 of June 1504 from the island of Hispaniola two Spanish ships came for them.

Sometimes you hear that Columbus received the title of "Marquis of Jamaica", but this is not true. This title (as well as the title of “Duke of Veragua”) was granted in 1536 to the navigator’s grandson - for refusing to claim the land opened by his grandfather (and, accordingly, from income from it).

Jamaica belongs to the group of the Greater Antilles, being the third largest, second only to Cuba and Haiti. One of the Spanish settlers wrote about Jamaica:
“This is a magical, fertile island, similar to me, either a garden or a treasury. There are many better lands that we have not seen elsewhere in India; it is replete with cattle, cassava and other ... fruits of various kinds. We did not find a more pleasant and healthy place in India. ”


The island is stretched from west to east (length - 225 km), its width ranges from 25 to 82 km, and the area is 10991 km². The population of this country is currently more than 2-x million 800 thousand people.


Jamaica Map



Jamaica, medieval map


To the coast of Panama, where the loading of the Silver Fleets was carried out, from Jamaica all 180 sea lees (999,9 km) - Hispaniola and Tortuga were further.


Jamaica on a map of the Caribbean


The northern coast of Jamaica is rocky, with a narrow strip of beaches in the central part. On the southern, more rugged, there are many bays, the best of which is Kingston Harbor (in the southeast of the island).


Antique Map of Kingston Harbor and Port Royal Harbor


It is closed from the ocean waves by the sandy scythe Palisadouz, whose length is 13 km. It is here that Kingston is located - the capital of Jamaica, here, a little to the south, the pirate city of Port Royal was previously located.


Kingston, 1891



Modern Kingston, aerial view


Currently, Jamaica is divided into three counties: Cornwall, Middlesex and Surrey, their names remind of the centuries-old domination of the British.

The first European settlement in Jamaica (New Seville) appeared in the 1509 year. On the island, the Spaniards met with the friendly tribes of the Taino Indians (“good, peaceful” - apparently, compared to the Caribbean Indians) from the Arawak group. By the beginning of the XVII century, these Indians almost did not remain on the island due to diseases brought by immigrants and difficult working conditions on sugar plantations (currently the number of Taino Indians in Jamaica is about 1000 people).


Modern Descendants of the Taino Indians, Jamaica


To work on plantations already from 1513, the Spaniards began to import black slaves from Africa to Jamaica. As a result of such a “migration policy”, the population of Jamaica currently consists of more than 77 percent of blacks and about 17 percent of them are mulattos. Indians (2,12%), Caucasians (1,29%), Chinese (0,99), Syrians (0,08%) also live on the island.


Sugarcane plantation, Jamaica, 1891. Working conditions at the end of the 19th century did not change much compared to the 17th century.


The conquest of Jamaica by the British


In 1654, Oliver Cromwell decided what to do with the warships that had freed up after the end of the war with the Netherlands. It was a pity to disarm them, to pay the crews a salary "just like that" - even more so. And so it was decided to use them for the war with Spain in the West Indies: the victory promised great benefits to English merchants trading with the New World, and the capture of new territories made it possible to resettle “so many people from New England, Virginia, Barbados, islands Somers or from Europe, as much as we need. ”

The reason for the seizure of Spanish possessions was the attack on the English colonists of the island of St. Christopher (1629 g.), Tortuga (which was then under the control of the British - 1638 g.) And Santa Cruz (1640 g.).

In early August 1654, Cromwell handed over a note to the Ambassador of Spain, which contained obviously unenforceable and even provocative demands to ensure the religious freedom of English subjects in lands controlled by Spanish kings and to give English merchants the right to free trade in them.

The ambassador stated that “demanding this is the same as requiring my master to give both eyes!”

Now Cromwell’s hands were untied, and a squadron of 18 warships and 20 transport ships was sent to the West Indies with the order to seize the island of Hispaniola for Britain. In total, the ships housed 352 guns, 1145 sailors, 1830 soldiers and 38 horses. Later, from three to four thousand volunteers were added to them, recruited on the British-owned islands of Montserrat, Nevis and St. Christopher. This squadron started “making money” on the island of Barbados, in the harbor of which the British captured either 14 or 15 Dutch merchant ships, the captains of which were declared smugglers.

The governor of Hispaniola, Count Penalba, had only 600 or 700 soldiers to defend the island, who were helped by local colonists and buccaneers who did not expect anything good from the British. Despite the clear superiority of forces, the British expeditionary force did not succeed here, having lost about 400 soldiers in battle and until 500, who died from dysentery.

In order not to return home “empty-handed”, on May 19 on 1655 the British attacked Jamaica. On this island their actions were successful, on 27 of May the Spaniards capitulated. Cromwell, however, was unsatisfied with the result, as a result of which Admiral William Penn and General Robert Wenables, who headed the expedition, were arrested and returned to the Tower after returning to London.

Time has shown that Jamaica is a very valuable acquisition; this colony was one of the most successful in the British Empire. The end of the era of privatists and filibusters was relatively painless for Jamaica. In colonial times, its economy, based on the export of sugar, rum, and then coffee, tropical fruits (mainly bananas), then bauxite, was quite successful. Jamaica even became the first country in the New World where a railway was built. Slavery on this island was abolished earlier than in the USA (in 1834) - not because of the special love of the British colonialists for freedom and democracy, of course: neglected blacks constantly rebelled, disrupting the supply of sugar and rum, and the British came to to the conclusion that there will be fewer problems with civilian workers. And the planters were now spared from the worries regarding the maintenance of disabled slaves.

The Spaniards tried twice to conquer the island. With his loss, they reconciled only in 1670, when the Madrid Peace Treaty was concluded, according to which Jamaica and the Cayman Islands passed under British jurisdiction.

On 6 of August 1962 of the year, Jamaica declared its independence, while remaining part of the British Commonwealth of Nations, that is, the head of this state, as before, are the monarchs of Great Britain - a country in which there is still no document that could be called a constitution . And there is an opinion that the same dear old lady Elizabeth II is by no means a “fairy-tale” or decorative queen, and the governors-general of the British Dominions are not “wedding” generals at all.


The modern emblem of Jamaica: a man and a woman from the Taino tribe hold a shield with the cross of St. George (taken from the old English flag), above which is the royal helmet, characteristic of the coats of arms of the former British colonies. On the tape, the motto in English: "Of the many - a single people"


But back to the XVII century.

The British conquest resulted in the influx of adventurers and poor people into Jamaica, mainly from Ireland and Scotland. Due to its advantageous geographical position, the island turned out to be extremely attractive to English privatists (privateers), they especially liked the small city of Puerto de Caguaya, founded by the Spaniards in 1518. The British began to call it Passage Fort, and the harbor was named Port Caguey. The new town, which in June 1657 arose at the tip of the Palisadous Spit, was called Point Caguey. But this city will receive worldwide fame under the name Port Royal - such a name will appear in it at the beginning of the 60 of the XVII century.


Port Royal, engraving of the 17th century



Port Royal Plan


Vice Admiral Hudson and Commodore Mings, their campaigns against the Spaniards


The Spanish attack was not the first to attack Jamaica, but vice-admiral William Hudson based on this island, who raided the city of Santa Marta (in present-day Colombia) in 1655 and Commodore Mings led expeditions to the shores of Mexico and Venezuela in 1658-XNUM.

Hudson's expedition was rather unsuccessful: his prey was guns, gunpowder, kernels, hides, salt and meat, which, according to one of the officers of that squadron, could not recoup "gunpowder and bullets that were used up in this business."

But the raids of Mings, whose bold actions and fortune could be envied even by Olone and Morgan, were very successful. In 1658, his ships attacked and burned the port of Tolu, as well as the city of Santa Marta in its vicinity (New Granada). Three Spanish ships were captured, which Mings favorably sold to the corsair captains (Laurence Prince, Robert Searle and John Morris). And at the beginning of 1659, Mings, at the head of a squadron of three ships, reappeared off the coast of Venezuela, sacking Cumana, Puerto Cabello and Coro. In Koro, the Commodore got a fabulous “prize” - an 22 box with silver (400 pounds each). An 1 Spanish ship was also burned and 2 Dutch (under the Spanish flag) were captured, one of which had a cargo of cocoa. The total production cost of 1659 was 500 000 pesos (about 250 000 pounds). In 1662, Commodore Mings led the combined squadron of British warships and corsairs of Port Royal and Tortuga, which attacked the city of Santiago de Cuba (this campaign is described in the article Tortuga Caribbean Filibusters Paradise).

Subsequently, the “worries” of seizing the Spanish ships and robbing the coasts fell on the shoulders of the Port Royal privatizers.

The rivalry of Port Royal and Tortuga


Port Royal and Tortuga fiercely competed for the right to be the most “hospitable” base visited by privateers and corsairs: each ship entering their harbor brought substantial revenue to both the state treasury and local “businessmen” from the dealers of the loot, owners of taverns, and gambling and brothels to planters and buccaneers, profitably selling various supplies to filibusters.

In 1664, the former governor of Jamaica, Charles Littleton, in London, presented to the Lord Chancellor of England his thoughts on the development of privatism on this island. Among other things, he pointed out that "privatization feeds a large number of sailors, from whom the island receives protection without the participation of the naval forces of the kingdom." If the private owners were forbidden to base in the ports of Jamaica, Littleton pointed out, they would not return to peaceful life, but would go to other islands, “prize goods” would cease to arrive in Port Royal, and then many merchants would leave Jamaica, which would cause a significant increase in prices.

Another governor of the island, Sir Thomas Modiford, after the abolition of the temporary restrictions of privatism in 1666, joyfully informed Lord Arlington:
“Your Grace is well aware of the great antipathy that I had for the privates during my stay in Barbados, but after I accepted His Majesty's decrees for the strictest execution, I found my mistake in view of the decline of forts and the abundance of this place ...
When I saw how deplorable they were flotillawho returned from Sint Eustatius, so that the ships were broken, and people went to the coast of Cuba in order to earn a living, and thus were completely alienated from us. Many remained on the Windward Islands, not having enough funds to pay off their obligations on Tortuga and among the French buccaneers ...
When, around the beginning of March, I discovered that the guard of Port Royal, which under the command of Colonel Thomas Morgan (not the pirate Henry) numbered 600 people, was reduced to 138, I gathered a Council to decide how to strengthen this very important city ... everyone agreed, that the only way to fill Port Royal with people is to welcome letters of marque against the Spaniards. Your Excellency cannot even imagine what general changes have occurred here with people and in business, ships are being repaired, a large influx of artisans and workers who are traveling to Port Royal, many are returning, many debtors are released from prison, and ships are sailing from Curacao ", who did not dare to enter because of fear of creditors, came and equipped again."


Tortuga Governor Bertrand d'Ogeron (which was described in a previous article, The Golden Age of Tortuga Island), trying to make his island more attractive for privateers of all stripes, he brought ship carpenters and caulkers from France so that they could "repair and ship ships that come to Tortuga." In his letter to Kolbert of 20 on September 1666, it says:
“We must make sure ... to further increase the number of our filibusters.
Thousands to one thousand two hundred people, two thirds of which must be able to carry weapon. “The remaining third should be children of 13, 14 and 15 years, some of which would be distributed among the colonists, and the other part would take up filibuster.”


In the struggle for corsairs and privateers, the British even considered the possibility of a military expedition against Tortuga and the Coast of Saint-Domeng. However, in December 1666 it was decided that the attack on Tortuga
“It will have very bad consequences, for the assassination attempts (on French settlements) will accustom them, desperately needing guys, to revenge on our seaside plantations ... it is advisable to give commanders of warships such moderate instructions: to take on their ships all the Buccaneers of the Protestant religion and others who will swear loyalty to the king. "


Forced collaboration of Port Royal and Tortuga


Meanwhile, the measures taken by the Spanish government to accompany their caravans and strengthen the settlements of the New World pushed the corsairs and privateers of Tortuga and Port Royal to cooperate and coordinate actions: the time of the loners was gone, now “big squadrons for big things” were required. The authorities of the competing islands also understood this.

In the fall of 1666 (at that time there was a war between France and England), the English captain Willem, who visited Tortuga, spoke with the Governor d'Ogeron
"Tried his best to keep the peace between Tortuga and Jamaica, saying that the people on that island would force the general to do this, even if he would resist."


Three days after that, French privateer Jean Picard (better known as Captain Champagne) returned to Tortuga, who brought with him an English ship he had captured.


Jean Picard (Captain Champagne)


Bertrand d'Ogeron bought this ship from Picard, and allowed Captain Willem to pick it up in Jamaica to return it to its rightful owners.

Governor Thomas Modiford, in response, freed eight captured French filibusters.

“The ship that delivered them was loaded with wine and many black women, which we really needed,”

- reports d'Ogeron.

Why did he need these black women so much, d'Ogeron is silent. Perhaps some of them became "priestesses of love" in the first brothel of Tortuga (opened in 1667). But most of them were probably used as servants - after all, darn shirts and washed the pants of sailors who came to the island of corsair and privateer ships, too, someone needed.

In 1667, a peace treaty was concluded between England and Spain, but the British filibusters continued their attacks on Spanish ships and coasts. At the end of 1671, Mr. Francis Wiesbourne and his French counterpart from Tortuga Island Dumangl (a participant in Morgan’s famous campaign to Panama), acting without a privateer certificate, robbed two Spanish villages on the northern coast of Cuba. They were captured like pirates by Colonel William Beaston, the commander of the Royal Frigate, the Essistance, and taken to Port Royal. In March 1672, captain's friends were sentenced to death, but the Jamaican authorities did not dare to execute this sentence, fearing revenge from the Tortuga filibusters. As a result, the pirates were released and continued their fishing at sea. Hardly experiencing the impossibility of issuing privatian certificates to “their” corsairs, Jamaican officials enviously watched as “the French from Tortuga do with the prize everything that they manage to capture.” In November 1672, Deputy Governor Thomas Lynch sadly complained that "now in India there is not a single English pirate, not counting some sailing on French ships" (hinting that some of the English filibusters have gone to Tortuga and Saint-Domeng).

However, close "business ties" did not prevent privateers from attacking ships of other countries (not only Spain), if there was such an opportunity. During the Anglo-Dutch war of 1667, privateers of the Netherlands, who willingly and fruitfully collaborated with both the British and the French, began to actively attack British merchant ships in the Caribbean.

"Pirate Babylon"


Back to Port Royal. The base of corsairs and privateers in Jamaica developed rapidly, quickly reaching the level of the French Tortuga, and soon surpassing it. Port Royal Harbor was larger than Basseter Bay and more convenient. In its port, usually from 15 to 20 ships were usually located at the same time, and the depth of the sea reached 9 meters, which made it possible to receive even the largest vessels. In 1660, there were 200 houses in Port Royal, in 1664 - 400, in 1668 - 800 buildings, which, according to contemporaries, were "as expensive as if they stood on the good shopping streets of London." At its peak, there were approximately 2000 wooden and stone buildings in the city, some of which were four-story buildings. Privately owned companies included the 4 market (one of them is slave), banks and representative offices of trading companies, numerous storage facilities, several churches, a synagogue, more than a hundred taverns, numerous brothels and even a menagerie.

The congestion of the Port Royal port is eloquently testified by the following fact: in 1688, it received 213 ships, and all ports of the American coast of New England - 226. In 1692, the number of inhabitants of Port Royal reached 7 thousand people.


Port Royal, drawing


One of his contemporaries described this city as follows:
“The taverns are chock full of gold and silver goblets, sparkling with precious stones stolen from cathedrals. Ordinary sailors with heavy gold earrings with precious stones play on gold coins, the value of which no one is interested in. Any of the buildings here is a treasury. ”


It is not surprising that contemporaries considered Port Royal to be “pirate Babylon” and “the most sinful city in the entire Christian world.”

During its heyday, located at the western end of the spit Palisados ​​Port Royal, had 5 forts, the main of which was called "Charles".


Fort Charles, Jamaica, a suburb of Kingston


In 1779, the commandant of this fort was Captain I rank (future admiral) Horatio Nelson.



Other forts bore the names Walker, Rupert, James, and Carlisle.


Port royal


Corsairs and privates of Jamaica


Great fame among the English pirates of that time was Lewis Scott (Lewis Scot), about whom Alexander Exkemelin wrote:
“Over time, the Spaniards became convinced that there was no escape from the pirates at sea, and began to swim much less frequently. But this did not help them either. Not meeting the ships, the pirates began to gather companies and rob coastal cities and settlements. The first such pirate to engage in land robbery was Lewis the Scot. He attacked Campeche, sacked it and burned it to the ground. ”


In 1665, in the official documents, the name of the famous corsair Henry Morgan first appears: together with captains David Maarten, Jacob Fakman, John Morris (who will fight the French corsair Champagne and lose the battle in a year - see article The Golden Age of Tortuga Island) and Freeman, he goes on a hike to the coast of Mexico and Central America. During this expedition, the cities of Trujillo and Grand Granada were looted. Upon return, it turned out that the captain’s testimonies of these captains were no longer valid in connection with the conclusion of peace between Spain and Britain, but the Governor of Jamaica Modiford did not punish them.

In 1668, captains John Davis and Robert Searle (who, as we recall, bought their ship from Commodore Mings) led a filibuster squadron (not private) from 8 ships. They intended to intercept some Spanish vessels off the coast of Cuba, but, not finding them, headed for Florida, where they captured the city of San Augustin de la Florida. The corsairs were mined by 138 grades of silver, 760 yards of canvas, 25 pounds of wax candles, decorations of the parish church and the chapel of the Franciscan convent, worth 2066 pesos. In addition, they took hostages for whom a ransom was paid, and black slaves and mestizos, whom they hoped to sell in Jamaica. Since Robert Searle acted without a privateer certificate, he was arrested in Jamaica but released a few months later and participated in Morgan’s campaign in Panama.

The unofficial title of leader of the Brethren of the Coast (Coastal Brotherhood) for some time wore Edward Mansvelt (Mansfield), who was either an Englishman or a Dutchman from Curacao.


Edward Mansvelt


For the first time his name in historical sources appear in 1665, when he, at the head of 200 filibusters, attacked the Cuban coast, plundering several villages. In 1666 we see him as the commander of a squadron of 10-15 small ships. Alexander Exquemelin claims that in January of this year he attacked Granada, other sources do not mention this campaign. But, given the conscientiousness of this author, it can be assumed that this expedition, nevertheless, took place. In April 1666, Mansvelt's privates attacked the island of St. Catherine and the island of Providence (St. Catalina). On the latter, he tried to gain a foothold, making it a new base for corsairs and privatizers, but, having not received reinforcements from the governor of Jamaica, he was forced to leave him. The circumstances of the death of this corsair are not clear. Exquemelin claims that he was captured during another raid into Cuba and was executed by the Spaniards. Others talk about death as a result of some kind of illness, or even poisoning. He was succeeded by the famous Henry Morgan, who received the nickname "Cruel" from his contemporaries. It was he, of course, who became the most successful privat and pirate of Jamaica, a kind of "brand" of this island.


Laird Cregar as Henry Morgan, 1942


The life and fate of Henry Morgan will be discussed in the next article.

To be continued ...
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  1. -2
    13 August 2019 18: 40
    Laird Cregar as Henry Morgan
    It is strange why "Henry Morgan" is written in Russian. I had to write the whole article in English ...
    1. 0
      13 August 2019 19: 05
      Slavery on this island was abolished earlier than in the USA (in 1834) (from the text)
      Here is the "lamp of democracy" for you! belay Some Jamaica rubbed its nose in this matter to the Americans! negative
  2. +11
    13 August 2019 18: 47
    Valery, thanks, as always interesting and informative.
    I like how people lived: England and France are at war, and their colonies in the New World open up to each other and do each other friendly favors in the form of staffing for brothels and laundries, if someone explains to me what they were at that time in those places were different. smile With Spain, the world is not a disaster, we will rob anyway ... There is something in this, a kind of naive and unobtrusive charm ...
    1. +8
      13 August 2019 19: 56
      I join Michael! Article zest !!!
      About the sharing! Not rarely, on the contrary, having peace, the privatists of Britain and France tried each other weakly !!!
      1. +9
        13 August 2019 20: 34
        Vladislav, that is the beauty of their life. This is now we have received an order - run to run. And they have there:
        “Tom, our majesty has declared war on yours.” What do you say?
        - Let's go to the pub, Louis, we will wash this case. A wonderful rum was brought to "Drunken Bedlam" yesterday. And let the majesties figure it out for themselves. I'm going to rob Cartagena in a week, are you with me?
        laughing
        And in the morning, Louis will be lying on the white sand, cut to the shoulder by the blow of Tom’s boarding saber during a quarrel over the beauty of Lumba ... And drunk Tom will be entertained in drabadan until the morning, shooting coconuts on palm trees to bring down one of them for beautiful black woman ...
        This is life, I understand that. laughing
        1. +6
          13 August 2019 21: 32
          Here they are - the elements of the sweet life and the pernicious influence of the (Masters) of the West. "Today he plays jazz, and tomorrow he will sell his homeland!"
        2. +9
          13 August 2019 21: 46
          And by morning, Louis will be lying on the white sand, cut to the shoulder by the blow of Tom's boarding saber during a quarrel over the beauty of Lumba ... And drunk Tom in drabadan
          ,, as one of my favorite characters said:
          -The word "rum" and the word "death" mean the same thing to you.! tongue
          (Dr. Livesey) (s)

          From a hangover, sirs,
          Will you be gray
          And the white light will not be nice to you in the morning.
          The enemy will be pleased -
          You are no longer a warrior
          If they dance in the fingers
          Sword and musket. laughing
          1. +3
            13 August 2019 21: 58
            Good evening Sergey!
            To your post you need to clearly add, "Jin" drinks !
            1. +4
              14 August 2019 01: 28
              Quote: Kote pane Kohanka
              To your post you need to clearly add, "Jin"

              Gin is a classic taste of fir stool.
    2. +3
      13 August 2019 20: 00
      Quote: Trilobite Master
      I like how people lived: England and France are at war, and their colonies in the New World open up to each other and do each other friendly favors in the form of staffing for brothels and laundries,

      Ukraine and the Russian Federation are the same: someone is fighting, and someone is sharing the loot, someone is selling fuel, someone is paying humanitarian aid ... nothing has changed since then.
      1. +9
        13 August 2019 20: 18
        Quote: polar fox
        so Ukraine and the Russian Federation

        Well, what are you doing here with these matters, are there no other places?
        There is a clear sea, white beaches with palm trees, a warm evening breeze, a bottle of rum, a bonfire on the shore, salty sea humor of fighting friends and a cheerful young black laundress, wearing only beads of clothes ... What Ukraine are you talking about? Where is it at all?
        No, whatever you want, and I am now in Jamaica, I just got into a dispute under the approval roar of my comrades with a saber, demolished the top of a coconut without spilling a drop of milk, with one hand I hug a young dark-skinned bacchante and in the other I have a bottle of rum ... And everything else hurt me. Which I wish you too. laughing
        1. +3
          13 August 2019 21: 08
          Filibusters, corsairs, privateers .... The bottom line is they have robbers with a big ... Waves! This is if you discard the romantic component. laughing And about white sand, a bottle of rum and mulattos nearby, you certainly wrote beautifully !!! Realistic and romantic! good
        2. +7
          13 August 2019 21: 09
          And then a tank leaves the corner!
          1. +4
            13 August 2019 21: 14
            Whose??? Really ...recourse
            1. +10
              13 August 2019 21: 20
              How "whose"?!?! Argentinian, essesno! "Argentina-Jamaica, 5: 0".
              1. +4
                13 August 2019 21: 52
                Quote: 3x3zsave
                How "whose"?!?! Argentinian, essesno! "Argentina-Jamaica, 5: 0".

                You'd better not remember. As it looked "Night Shame", when the Portuguese nailed our knuckle-footed 7-1.
                1. +4
                  13 August 2019 22: 08
                  Sorry, Vladimir! I'm not a fan, from the word "absolutely" request
                  1. +3
                    13 August 2019 22: 13
                    Quote: 3x3zsave
                    Here I am not a fan, from the word "absolutely"

                    Yes, I somehow cheered for them, bent-legged, and then stopped. One crybaby Arshavin requested a hundred million. Like Kokorin. Generally crazy, or what?
                    1. +1
                      31 October 2019 06: 07
                      The difference between a pirate and a Russian football player. The pirate has only one wooden leg.
          2. +6
            13 August 2019 21: 50
            Anton! Jamaica - Round! There are no corners.
            1. +6
              13 August 2019 22: 03
              Never mind!
              "-Grandma, take out your goats, now tanks will pass here.
              -Oh, my dear, where are the tanks to go here ?!
              - These are special tanks, with one track. "
              (X / f "Vertical coverage")
              1. +5
                13 August 2019 22: 07
                "Vertical coverage
                ,,New film? winked
                1. +6
                  13 August 2019 22: 15
                  Why new? Late 70s, starring Galkin Sr.
                  1. +5
                    13 August 2019 22: 17
                    "Return move"?
                    1. +6
                      13 August 2019 22: 22
                      Maybe I won’t say more precisely, I remember there were two films with Galkin, such as a dilogy about the Airborne Forces.
                      1. +4
                        13 August 2019 22: 35
                        Quote: 3x3zsave
                        two films with Galkin

                        Yes, Special Attention and Backlash. Childhood films. Watched as many times as shown. smile
                      2. +5
                        13 August 2019 22: 56
                        Pancake! That's right! My head became full of holes. Vertical Reach is a book.
                        What did Ophelia "for memory" recommend?
                      3. +5
                        13 August 2019 23: 10
                        Quote: 3x3zsave
                        What did Ophelia "for memory" recommend?

                        I do not remember. smile
                        Remember remember boy i'm barefoot
                        The boat that swayed under the willows
                        Girl with a scythe
                        I touched my curls with my lips ...

                        I don’t remember anything else. smile
            2. +7
              13 August 2019 22: 29
              Quote: Trilobite Master

              Anton! Jamaica - Round! There are no corners.

              Well, if you look at it from the point of view of Euclidean geometry ... But, from the point of view of the geometry of Riemann, or Lobachevsky - everything is not so simple ... (according to the latest research by British scientists) the number of corners and => tanks in Jamaica is directly proportional to the amount of rum consumed inside and is weakly related to the presence / absence of a "young dark-skinned bacchante" within the reach of the percipient's hands.
              1. +5
                13 August 2019 22: 41
                To get to the tanks in Jamaica, one Roma is not enough. Here you need something more fun.
                And let's ask Valery: how were the people discussed with various stimulants of plant origin? Used? Probably yes, otherwise where would the Kraken or Davy Jones come from? But the tanks ...
                However, the Kraken seems to be of Scandinavian origin, it’s clear there, fly agaric ...
                1. +6
                  13 August 2019 23: 54
                  Quote: Trilobite Master

                  To get to the tanks in Jamaica, one Roma is not enough. Here you need something more fun.

                  So, after all, it’s not about tanks, but about corners! Corners are, well, a terrible thing in their uncertainty. Behind them, if desired, you can hide at least the Kraken, at least the tank, at least the Masters of the West ... laughing
                  Quote: Trilobite Master
                  And let's ask Valery: how were the people discussed with various stimulants of plant origin? Used?

                  I join. Although, to be honest, it's hard for me to imagine what was so "interesting" they were at the time. could use. Lophophora williamsii? So Jamaica, it seems, is not Mexico. Maria Ivanovna? It is not a fact that it was already grown in those places. Coca leaves? So they don't care for cocaine ...
                  So there is only Al Kugl.
          3. +4
            13 August 2019 21: 55
            Quote: 3x3zsave
            And then a tank leaves the corner!

            Quote: Phil77
            Whose??? Really ...recourse

            And on the tank it says "I’m changing harem pants for the mulatto Lumuba and two bottles of Rum."
            Signature Polar Fox!
            The request to the Polar Fox not to be offended by my brick humor! Well, I’m not rushing in my mood after today's article by Valery to delve into insenuations with Ukraine, Russia and the money!
            Better “yo-ho-ho, and a bottle of Rum” (now also the Horse-Eater and the Enchantress) will catch both of us into oblivion for two weeks, without the right of correspondence - Seven people on a dead man’s chest, willow-ho-ho and a bottle of rum)! !! drinks laughing
            Regards, Vlad!
            1. The comment was deleted.
            2. +4
              13 August 2019 22: 11
              But you rarely remember a bottle of Roma, maybe this cup will pass you!
            3. +1
              14 August 2019 23: 30
              Hello, hello! Our horse is a serious man, he is a doctor, and jokes are bad with doctors. Will diagnose and - no rum, even die. hi
          4. +2
            14 August 2019 23: 23
            Well, thanks, Anton! fellow
            Everything went so well until I got to your tank, burst out so that I nearly turned a cup of tea on myself. laughing Suddenly I imagined our romantic Mikhail, embraced with a wonderful bacchanal and crawling out of tropical bushes Shermanyuga, stinking on the whole island with his solar exhaust ... How can you, however, know how, quite simply and without a mat ... face about the teabel. All the romance under the tracks of an Argentine tank. smile drinks
        3. +6
          13 August 2019 21: 40
          Ek beauty Lumba, our polar fox hurt! Already ready, not only piastres, but the last bloomers ......... fellow
          Oh Michael, we can’t see the retirement beaches of Tortuga, Jamaica and Cuba! Fortunately, raids on the Ottoman coast were allowed, but this does not shine for me! With our .... in Kolashny row !!!! wink
          So I’ll go instead of a galley on a steep-sided pinas, to the kitchen in the apartment and instead of Jamaican rum, I am lounging coral from Ural cherry !!! In a month and a half it will be infused, it will ripen by the new year! I’m sitting down in frosty January, after reports, control cards, checks, services and New Year’s watch at the devil knows what Christmas tree is by the fireplace, I’ll put the floor of a glass of cherry liquor on and remember my conversation with you about privates and privateers, corsairs and pirates, silver Spanish caravans and hunters bukanerov .....
          and the fire breathes in the fireplace, in one gulp, the southern hurricane will conquer outside the window, the dream of our remorse flutters, the bell of the market is boarding.
          Logs blaze with stomp, an enemy flag flies in height, slam Mars with a sad rumble, collapse the grotto - cheers atass.
          Maybe a fairy tale, maybe fiction, but she has one dream! Sin is not to go to her, but the truth can be here, and far!

          Still, the poop from me is thin, where I, to Sergei and Anton, about Zhenya Funk, are generally silent !!!
          Thanks again to Valery for today's essay!
          Regards, Vlad!
          1. +6
            13 August 2019 22: 01
            Eka Beauty Lumba
            ,, I'm thinking everything recourse Is she really pretty or is it after a couple of bottles of Roma? feel
            1. +5
              13 August 2019 22: 09
              Quote: bubalik
              Eka Beauty Lumba
              ,, I'm thinking everything recourse Is she really pretty or is it after a couple of bottles of Roma? feel

              A few weeks at sea, what the hell rum! lol
              Rum is for losers that the beauty Lumba did not look at!
              1. +5
                13 August 2019 22: 09
                A few weeks at sea, what the hell rum!
                good wassat
            2. +3
              14 August 2019 04: 01
              Quote: bubalik
              Is she really pretty or is it after a couple of bottles of Roma?

              Well, it’s by eye ... (C)

              1. +1
                14 August 2019 23: 34
                Handsomely hi , but you run the risk, colleague, of being sanctioned for distributing "pornography". smile
                1. +3
                  15 August 2019 14: 24
                  Let them first prove that Jessica Parker Kennedy from "Black Sails" under the sheet is not blue satin panties and not an alcoholic T-shirt.
            3. +3
              14 August 2019 23: 37
              After a couple of bottles of rum, no beauty is needed anymore. Tested on my own experience. laughing
          2. +5
            13 August 2019 22: 50
            Quote: Kote pane Kohanka
            and fire breathes in the fireplace, in one gulp,

            You know, Vladislav, I don’t know how. In order to do this, I will need several hours of hard work, and that, perhaps, will not work. No, I won’t even try. smile
            For poetry - my respect. hi
            1. +4
              13 August 2019 23: 11
              Impromptu about daimyu and samurai quite nothing came out.
              1. +3
                13 August 2019 23: 31
                Quote: 3x3zsave
                Impromptu about daima and samurai

                If this is about my work, then I have a mind game, the ability to handle words and, in fact, the supply of these words, no more. Vlad has emotions and feelings. This is different.
                What about daima and samurai? I do not remember. smile "I remember, boy, I'm barefoot ..." laughing Do you remember any "Hokku"?
                1. +3
                  13 August 2019 23: 36
                  "I would use a katana and a horse,
                  Yes to the line of fire
                  And seppuku on the tatami,
                  It's not about me. "
                  This is yours.
                  1. +5
                    13 August 2019 23: 46
                    Quote: 3x3zsave
                    This is yours.

                    Not mine. This is Filatov. I just changed a few words. smile
                    In any case, Vlad is far from me in terms of sincerity and brightness of mental images, or rather "never"
                    1. +3
                      13 August 2019 23: 50
                      About Vlad - I agree! He would write novels for the youth, and he sprinkles quarterly reports.
                      1. +4
                        14 August 2019 04: 49
                        Friends praised! By the wealth of the syllable, my idol Pushkin! Alexander Sergeevich was able to just talk about complex and difficult - about simple, and it is always exceptionally beautiful!
                        "The Lukomorye has an oak ......".
                        Where am I miserable .... hi
                      2. +2
                        14 August 2019 04: 52
                        Quote: Kote pane Kohanka
                        At Lukomorye oak .....

                        Gold chain on oak ... laughing
                        Here, the Russian spirit ... Here, Russia smells ... wink
  3. +8
    13 August 2019 19: 23
    The line between pirates and privateers has always been thin, ce la vie.
    Thank you for the interesting material.
  4. +7
    13 August 2019 21: 13
    Enchanting, Valery!
    Now the question is backfill. Where do you get thumbnail photos?
    1. VLR
      +8
      13 August 2019 21: 33
      Anton, do you mean pewter figurines? I accidentally found the first one, then, when I realized that they were, and very interesting (there were such high-quality "tin soldiers" before), I began to purposefully search on various sites - there are in museums, there are at auctions.
      Or did you mean something else when you asked?
      1. +7
        13 August 2019 21: 47
        I mean, is this your property? Including painted by you? However, I already heard the answer, take off my hat! hi
        Nevertheless, let me recommend. Identify yourself as the author of the illustration (at least). In any case, this is your work and your time. Meanwhile, such a "trifle" is constantly neglected by Shpakovsky (oddly enough), and Vashchenko is very dear (which I can only welcome).
      2. +2
        13 August 2019 21: 59
        Quote: VlR
        and very interesting (there were such high-quality "tin soldiers" before),

        I dug up such a tin Red Army soldier with a rifle at my grandfather in the garden, and threw him into the fire. Melted, in short. Here ... fool
        1. +3
          13 August 2019 22: 13
          Quote: mordvin xnumx
          Quote: VlR
          and very interesting (there were such high-quality "tin soldiers" before),

          I dug up such a tin Red Army soldier with a rifle at my grandfather in the garden, and threw him into the fire. Melted, in short. Here ... fool

          Ah mistakes of youth, also at one time messed up ....
  5. +5
    13 August 2019 21: 52
    "... the head of this state, as before, are the monarchs of Great Britain - a country in which there is still no document that could be called a constitution."
    There are several authors on the site who write very interestingly, but the full realization of talents is hindered by the "fad" of each of them.
    Timokhin has a "fad" for the United States, and because of this, he sometimes spoils excellent material with "anti-American use." Shpakovsky has the same trouble with the Soviet past. Ryzhov has an "anti-British orientation". Nothing else can explain this passage about the absence of a constitution. It is unlikely that such an "ideological basis" will contribute to the qualitative growth of materials.
    1. +5
      13 August 2019 22: 04
      And what about Viktor Nikolaevich? Throw "fad" !!! laughing
      Dear Victor, we are all sinners, but imagine us sinless !!!? Well, whom will you “delay” laughing
      Sincerely, sinner Vladislav !!!
      1. +2
        13 August 2019 22: 07
        My "fads" to creativity are not an obstacle, since I do not write articles. But it would be interesting to know.
        1. +4
          13 August 2019 22: 28
          The fact that you being an order of magnitude more erudite than many Authors do not write your articles!
          I’m afraid that if you wrote Victor Nikolayevich, they wouldn’t be trite to publish! Your misfortune you are correct, there is no anti-spiritual courage and political commitment in you!
          Example, your today's comments on the article about tanks! Nice by the way !!!
          Regards, Vlad!
          1. +5
            13 August 2019 22: 32
            Why not print? After all, almost two dozen were printed. And I stopped writing for reasons quite prosaic - they steal!
            1. +5
              13 August 2019 22: 37
              And they drink mostly "rum".
              1. +5
                13 August 2019 22: 40
                What Aesop you are!
                1. +4
                  13 August 2019 22: 49
                  "With whom you lead, from that you will fly in"
            2. +3
              13 August 2019 22: 37
              Quote: Undecim
              steal!

              Here you bastards! laughing I also stole one article ... crying
        2. +4
          13 August 2019 22: 32
          Oh, Viktor Nikolayevich, don’t be famously!
          1. +4
            13 August 2019 22: 38
            Just Shpakovsky today's article brilliantly confirmed my thesis. I cannot explain this exercise to the commanders by anything else.
            1. +4
              13 August 2019 23: 08
              Damn, and I missed ... "Tie" poured.
              1. +5
                13 August 2019 23: 12
                Quote: 3x3zsave
                The screed "lil.

                Do the floors round off? Eh, I used to be a concrete worker.
                1. +5
                  13 August 2019 23: 24
                  I myself was originally a concrete worker. But in "finishing" it is a different process.
                  1. +5
                    13 August 2019 23: 28
                    Quote: 3x3zsave
                    I myself am originally a concrete worker.

                    And I'm a master in the production of reinforced concrete products. laughing I passed the diploma for four. crying
                    1. +2
                      13 August 2019 23: 32
                      By the way, in megacities a very popular profession, of course, taking into account age.
                      1. +4
                        13 August 2019 23: 35
                        Quote: 3x3zsave
                        By the way, in megacities a very popular profession, of course, taking into account age.

                        Figures. I studied as a master of reinforced concrete, we were paid salaries in sand and cement at 90. Fled to a car mechanic. wink
                      2. +4
                        13 August 2019 23: 41
                        Well, we already exchanged impressions from life experiences drinks
      2. +2
        13 August 2019 22: 35
        I may not be ... Well, it is, in terms of increasing self-esteem laughing
    2. +8
      13 August 2019 22: 46
      "The Americans were afraid of Timokhin, the Austrians were afraid of Shpakovsky, the British were afraid of Ryzhov, and the Italians were afraid of Flint himself." laughing
    3. +7
      13 August 2019 23: 26
      Quote: Undecim
      There are several authors on the site who write very interestingly, but the full realization of talents is hindered by the "fad" of each of them.

      Viktor Nikolaevich, are you really so categorically denying the authors the right to indulge a little bit of their petty passions? This is not compassionate.
      In addition, such moments give the creations of the authors some individuality and recognition. A sort of "Carthage must be destroyed." smile
      1. +3
        13 August 2019 23: 37
        The authors are completely free in their choice, including the choice of individual phobias. Someone from the United States, someone from Britain, especially gifted in the little things, do not trade and take the Masters of the West immediately by the horns.
        1. +3
          13 August 2019 23: 58
          I just would not want these little phobias to spoil the impression of the whole creation. But as long as you don’t demand authors, they have the right, I want to urge readers to be more lenient and not pay attention to small ones (I emphasize small smile ) fad.
          Although yes, here is what is considered a "cute highlight" and what is an "obsession" ...
          I take my words back: we will criticize and point out the shortcomings - objectively, strictly and ruthlessly. No indulgence. Perhaps, to the well-known author, nobody just pointed out his fad with the Masters of the West on time and now we have what we have. smile
  6. VLR
    +4
    14 August 2019 00: 03
    Quote: HanTengri
    So there is only Al Kugl.

    I also came to this conclusion
  7. VLR
    +4
    14 August 2019 00: 08
    Quote: Trilobite Master
    Kraken seems to be of Scandinavian origin

    Oh sure. In the article "The Golden Age of Tortuga Island" I wrote about it.
  8. +1
    14 August 2019 14: 03
    Valery, thanks for the article from the fascinating series. I ask you to enlighten about the origin of the word "privatir". Isn't it a synonym for the word "privatizer"? And what is their difference from privateers, filibusters?
    1. VLR
      +3
      14 August 2019 14: 46
      Privateers and privateers are synonymous: a ship owned by a private individual who hunts merchant ships or smugglers. But, the word privateer appeared earlier - in the Mediterranean in the 1664th century. And the word "privateer" appeared in the XNUMXth century (for the first time in the text that has come down to us - in XNUMX) with the same meaning, but to designate English privateers. The word privat is translated into Russian as "private".
      And filibusters are pirates of the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico.
      1. +1
        14 August 2019 16: 47
        Thanks, Valery. how privat is translated I know. It’s just that I thought it a sinful thing that the privatir comes from the occupation — to privatize other people's property. In this context, Morgan is an innocent child compared to Chubais.
        1. VLR
          +3
          14 August 2019 16: 59
          In principle, privatization and privatization are cognate words. So Chubais is a pirate worse than Edward Tich and Black Bart - about whom through 2 articles, at the end of the cycle: 7 articles turned out.
          1. +4
            14 August 2019 18: 23
            Quote: VlR
            In principle, privatization and privatization are cognate words. So Chubais is a pirate worse than Edward Tich and Black Bart - about whom through 2 articles, at the end of the cycle: 7 articles turned out.

            Waited !!!! A magical name-Chubais sounded! Truly, all these guys of specific maritime professions compared to this offspring of hell are just plain-minded children! isn't it? (with him!)
            1. +3
              14 August 2019 23: 48
              And estimate if this character was born at that romantic time !?


              Would kill. Right away. No talking. Now his law protects us from him, and then everything was much simpler.
              1. +3
                15 August 2019 07: 00
                Anatoly Stepanovich made an invaluable contribution to Russian literature. For another 50 years any red cat, in Russia, will be called "Chubais".
                1. +5
                  15 August 2019 07: 09
                  Anton, why didn’t the cats please you again? Neither I, nor Kotische, nor Mikado, did anything bad to you for a while! And you dragged some castrated spaniel into our cat campaign. It's a shame ... sad
                  1. +2
                    15 August 2019 07: 23
                    This is not me, this is the people.
                    "Sow reasonable, good, eternal,
                    Say, thank you, heartfelt,
                    The generous Russian people! "(C)
                    And with feline I have a complete understanding, in spite of my canine essence. drinks
                    1. +3
                      15 August 2019 07: 45
                      Only here it is not necessary to push everything on the people! We know you, intellectuals: just a little - people are to blame for everything!
                      "Sow reasonable, good, eternal,
                      Just take heart drops ... "
                      (almost C).
                      So I and the dogs are also in full order. drinks
                      1. +2
                        15 August 2019 08: 38
                        "Drops of the Danish King
                        Drink, gentlemen! "
                  2. +3
                    15 August 2019 16: 17
                    I am with you !!!!! I have a wonderful outbred friend-cat, Phil. Regarding the redhead (with a small letter!), If we are talking about sea vagabonds, I suggest kicking! I think he is worth it.
                    1. +2
                      16 August 2019 12: 42
                      I agree, but first "cats" to him. I used to quote cats so as not to offend the lovers of the oldest domestic animal, I myself am one of those.
  9. K
    0
    19 August 2019 15: 45
    "total 180 sea lions (999,9 km)"
    In fact, the author of 180 nautical miles will be 333,36. One nautical mile is 1,852 meters.
  10. 0
    27 September 2019 13: 41
    The first photo is a musket, not a musket)

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