Russia's first self-loading pistol

82
Already at the beginning of the last century, the leading armies of the world began to adopt the first samples of self-loading pistols. However, in the Russian imperial army things were not as good as many would have liked. On arms still remained though reliable, but archaic seven-shooter revolver system of Nagant. Adopted in 1895, the revolver stayed in the domestic armed forces for decades, successfully surviving the Second World War. However, already in 1905, the young Russian gunsmith Sergey Alexandrovich Prilutsky presented to the military his own development - a self-loading pistol, which can be called the first Russian model of rifle weapons this type.

For many years, it was believed that the first domestic autoloading pistol was the TK pistol (Tula Korovin). The pistol created by Soviet designer Sergey Alexandrovich Korovin was ready for the fall of 1926. TK chambered for 6,35x15 mm Browning became the first in the USSR serial self-loading pistol, the production of the new model began in Tula at the end of 1926 of the year. At the same time, Prilutsky turned to the idea of ​​creating a similar pistol at the beginning of the century.




The first Soviet serial autoloading pistol TK


The history of the gun Prilutsky


The emergence of self-loading or, as they often say in the West, semi-automatic pistols, was at the end of the XIX century. This period stories firearms marked the arrival of machine guns and magazine rifles of various systems. Designers of all countries of the world paid attention to such an important technical parameter as the rate of fire of small arms. As a result, the first models of store-powered self-loading pistols began to appear. At the same time, experts note that the proliferation of self-loading pistols was not as active as the opinion of such short-barreled weapons as a means of active defense in melee, was ambiguous. Many soldiers believed that there was simply no need to replace revolvers with self-loading pistols.

In self-loading pistols, the energy of powder gases was used to feed the cartridge from the magazine to the chamber. The energy arising in the barrel when burning powder charge, gave the impetus that set in motion the mechanism of automatic pistol. To shoot a weapon, the shooter must pull the trigger each time. In the creation of such short-barreled small arms at the beginning of the 20th century, the famous American gunsmith John Moses Browning seriously advanced, the result of the designer’s work was the legendary self-loading pistol M1911, which is widely used in the world today. However, many followers used the ideas of an American to design their own self-loading pistols.

It should be noted here that in those years, in those years, they used only the services of foreign designers, their own development and research work on creating mass-produced models of short-barreled weapons. For example, the same revolver of the Nagant system was designed specifically for the Russian army by the Belgian designers Emil and Leon Nagan. At the same time, Minister of War Alexei Nikolaevich Kuropatkin raised the issue of starting work on his own pistol many times. Even before the Russian-Japanese war in 1903, at the next meeting of the GAU Commission, Kuropatkin ordered the creation of a new short-barreled pistol, appointing an award for the invention in the amount of 5 thousand rubles. Most likely, Kuropatkin’s decision was the impetus that caused Russian gunsmiths to pay attention to short-barreled weapons and new research in this area.


Browning M1903


Not only gunsmiths responded to new requests from the military. It is believed that in 1905, the first draft of a self-loading pistol was presented in Russia. Speech on the sketch work, made so far only a student of a real school, Sergei Prilutsky. It is believed that in the draft design of the new pistol, Prilutsky used Browning developments on self-loading pistols, choosing 7,65 mm Browning (7,65х17 mm), popular in the early XX century, as the cartridge. The future designer sent his own project in a letter to the State Agrarian University, where the well-known designer Vladimir G. Fedorov, the creator of the first domestic machine, met him. After reviewing the project, Fedorov sent Prilutsky a list of wishes for such weapons. According to the authoritative gunsmith, the weight of the new self-loading pistol should not exceed 900 grams, the caliber of cartridges used - 9 mm, the capacity of the box magazine - no less than 8 cartridges.

Semi-automatic pistol of the Prilutsky model 1914 of the year


Having received the necessary recommendations, Sergey Prilutsky continued to work on the gun, while continuing to learn. After completing his studies in a real school, the designer graduated from the Higher Imperial Technical School. The modified self-loading pistol was presented by Prilutsky in 1911 year. Weapons under 9-mm cartridge "Browning long" was sent to the GAU. Experts acquainted with the pistol recommended to modify the product a little, considering that the presented pistol deserves attention and can be manufactured at the Tula Arms Plant. The main artillery control issued 200 rubles to Prilutsky for the release of a pistol.

When designing the pistol, Prilutsky relied on the scheme of the automatic operation of the Browning pistol of the 1903 sample of the year and the sketch created earlier. In this case, the designer on the recommendations of the military increased the caliber of the pistol to 9 mm, based on the cartridge Browning Long 9x20 mm. For his gun, the gunsmith created an individual design for the magazine latch, placing this part on the side surface of the box magazine case with a single-row arrangement of cartridges, and also removed the front upper part of the pistol casing. The subsequent reduction in the mass of the housing-bolt did not lead to a change in the automatic weapon system, but it did affect the reduction in the mass of the pistol, allowing it to meet the requirements. The length of this model of a Prolutsky self-loading pistol was 189 mm, the barrel length was 123 mm, there were 4 slices in the barrel of the pistol, the direction of the rifling holes was right. Magazine capacity - 8 cartridges. Today, this sample is stored in the collection of the Tula Museum of Weapons, some researchers believe that Sergey Prilutsky personally produced a pistol stored in Tula at one time.

Russia's first self-loading pistol

Prerevolutionary model pistol Prilutsky


After reviewing the new model of a self-loading pistol, the GAU Commission recognized the project to be quite bold and interesting, assessing the viability of the model and design of the pistol. At the same time, the staff of the Main Artillery Directorate identified the store's latch, which the designer placed on the store itself, as well as the rear sight and the extractor, which were combined and were one piece. The commission attributed the disadvantages of the Prilutsky pistol to the difficulty of incomplete disassembly of the weapon and the model’s tendency to throw the spent cartridges in the direction of the shooter. The project was proposed to be finalized, but the First World War, which began in 1914, prevented these plans. The war ended for Russia with a revolution that grew into a full-scale civil war, which for years had delayed the meeting of the GAU commission with the redesigned self-loading pistol model.

Self-loading pistols Prilutsky sample 1927 and 1930


Again, Prilutsky recalled his own development in the USSR, where in 1924 he filed the necessary documents for obtaining a patent for a pistol. From 1924 to 1927, when the patent was granted, the designer worked on revising the pistol, introducing a number of changes in its design that differed from the scheme indicated in the patent. The new model of the modified gun was originally created under the chambered Browning caliber 7,65 mm. Compared to the pre-revolutionary model, the new pistol lay better in the hands of the shooter and became more compact. The length of the weapon has decreased to 175 mm, the length of the barrel - to 113 mm. A box magazine with a single-row arrangement of cartridges contained 9 cartridges of the caliber 7,65x17 mm.

Korovin's pistol became the main rival of the Prilutsky pistol. In the course of comparative tests, a task was issued for the production of 10 self-loading Prilutsky pistols, which in April 1928 of the year went to the part of the Red Army for field tests. The operation showed that the self-loading pistol presented by Prilutsky differs for the better from Korovin and Walter pistols in its simplicity of construction and disassembly. The Prilutsky self-loading pistol consisted of 31 parts, and the Korovin and Walter models of 56 and 51 respectively. Tests also showed the reliability of the model. On 270 shots, 8 delays were recorded, while Walter had 17 delays, and the Korovin pistol had 9 delays on 110 shots. As members of the commission noted, Korovina and Prilutsky pistols were equal to each other in terms of accuracy, while both models were superior to Walter's pistol.



The Main Artillery Directorate recognized the Prilutsky pistol as the winner of the tests, but did not recommend it for launching into mass production and adoption by the Red Army because of the shortcomings. The following comments were attributed to the findings of the commission: during the extraction of the liner, the shooter often flew in the face, there were difficulties with removing the magazine, and when disassembling the arms, there were cuts. According to the results of the competition, an assignment was issued for the production of approximately 500 self-loading Prilutsky pistols, which most likely went to the field army, and the designer himself was recommended to eliminate the revealed remarks.

In 1929, the military put forward new requirements for the pistols, and Prilutsky and Korovin were instructed to remake their samples for the Mauser 7,63х25 cartridge. This time Fedor Vasilyevich Tokarev joined the race of designers. The tests revealed new flaws in the design of the Prilutsky pistol, which was heavier than 1300 grams and was characterized by a strong recoil impulse, which was considered unacceptable for such weapons. It should be noted that the remaining samples also showed approximately similar problems. All the pistols were once again sent for revision, but already under the new regular ammunition - the adapted Mauser cartridge, which was later designated the 7,62x25 TT. This ammunition for many years will become a regular Soviet cartridge for all pistols and submachine guns created in the country.



The next tests of pistols took place in the summer of 1930. Even more models took part in them; the traditional participants (Prilutsky, Korovin and Tokarev) were added by the self-loading pistols Walter, Parabellum and Browning. This time, the commission recognized the Tokarev pistol as the best model, which later became famous TT. Tokarev's pistol was officially adopted at the end of August 1930.

The gun of the Prilutsky system was inferior to the competitor in ergonomics, mass and trouble-free operation. After 1930, Sergei Alexandrovich Prilutsky did not return to his pistol and the creation of short-barreled weapons, concentrating on other developments. As an employee of the KB Tula Arms Plant, the designer participated in the creation of twin and quad Maxim machine-gun systems, designed for firing at air targets, worked on the machine gun for large-caliber machine-gun systems and the creation of submachine guns.
Our news channels

Subscribe and stay up to date with the latest news and the most important events of the day.

82 comments
Information
Dear reader, to leave comments on the publication, you must sign in.
  1. +10
    3 May 2019 06: 30
    And what type and circuit of automation was Sample 27 and 30?
    You raised an interesting and little-known layer in the history of Russian weapons business, dear author. Can you tell something about Splitting? He was a big fan of automation with a half-free shutter.
    1. +9
      3 May 2019 07: 30
      Dear Sergey, thanks for the article! Honestly, I didn’t know about this gun !!!
      Regards, Vlad!
      1. 0
        3 May 2019 07: 49
        But it’s very common with us that they did a decent copy of the weapon, but for some reason they didn’t pass the state tests, and they immediately send the weapon to the warehouse and forget about it, so in the warehouses there are a lot of unknown weapons that many people don’t even know about its existence.
      2. +8
        3 May 2019 11: 41
        Vlad, hello and back with the holidays! hi
        In fact, the pistol is clumsy even in comparison with the TT, and ergonomics are obviously lame. But, only one who does nothing is not mistaken, but this model is still a certain stage in the development of the domestic short-barrel. By the way, the Korovin pistol in terms of ergonomics is not much better.
        How do you like this "Monster", guess the familiar features? wink

        1. +4
          3 May 2019 12: 42
          Good afternoon! Mutually!
          Everyone goes crazy in their own way, in particular I am sick with pneumatics!
          His replica is Getcher.

          Regards, Vlad!
          1. +4
            3 May 2019 14: 33
            Hello again! smile
            I have this replica of the "eight", which, unfortunately, does not quite accurately reproduce the original.



            On the bottom shelf to the right.
            1. +5
              3 May 2019 16: 06
              Truly, OUR CATEY IS OUR !!!


              Top down:
              Big cat
              PPSh pneumatic replica,
              Thompson Pneumatic Replica,
              Hunter 1000 and three Izhiks, two with my butts.
              And this is my special pride. Daughter's gift for the New Year.


              If interested, the oil will dry - I will show my last toy!
              Respectfully, I apologize - I could not resist - boasting, sincerely your Vlad!
              1. +3
                4 May 2019 09: 15
                Sure show! Already languishing with impatience. smile
                1. +4
                  4 May 2019 13: 08

                  Old Izh-38s (it was restored, the spring was replaced with a gas one, a new stock was made, a storage case and other stray).
                  In fact, at the call of the soul, he “as a gift” for the son of a girl who serves me. Great kid, deserve it!
                  I myself began by owning this. By the way, I started to make stocks due to the fact that I managed to break it with him.
                  1. +3
                    4 May 2019 13: 16
                    Really will be a great gift! good They would not have written that it was IZhak — I would not have believed it. As they say, hands grow from the right place. smile
                    We tried to put a more powerful spring on the IZH-61, but the cocking lever began to bend from efforts, we had to refuse. My son gave me a Spanish "Drakosha", that's where the spring was replaced, and it turned out quite a weapon, so the pain with the optics.
        2. +6
          3 May 2019 14: 21
          On the topic of Luger, there is also a better fantasy.

          Luger M4 Carbine of the German company Waffe Werle
          1. +5
            3 May 2019 14: 25

            Werle AK47 Luger
            1. +4
              3 May 2019 14: 38
              There are absolutely monstrous products.

              Two pistols combined into one. The first “Parabellum” in a standard 9 mm caliber has a wooden butt and a long barrel with a muzzle brake. The second pistol, attached to the first, has a .22 LR caliber, bipod, as well as a part of the wooden box and a handle borrowed from the Thompson submachine gun. The store is not located in the handle, but in front of the trigger.
              In advertising, the company presses that Kalunnikov himself was holding the wunderwaffe in his hands.
              1. +1
                4 May 2019 11: 46
                Good afternoon, Victor hi ... And what about the second barrel for 22 LR, for sighting? Moreover, the trigger at the "eight" is gilded! That's exactly a wunderwaffle! fellow
        3. +2
          3 May 2019 14: 36
          Sea cat, I have a book somewhere: Beetle "Small arms", as I remember from this book, the Luger-Parabelum pistol looks like your "monster"
          1. +1
            3 May 2019 14: 42
            Good afternoon and Happy Holiday, dear Astra! love

            Yes, there is a part from Luger, but only one. If you have time and desire to train your observation skills, look through the Beetle, maybe your mood will rise. hi
            1. +2
              3 May 2019 15: 22
              The cat did not expect such awareness of women: to know the book "Small arms" and remember Luger
              1. 0
                4 May 2019 09: 18
                And you, a colleague, in vain underestimate our women. hi
                The names of Moldagulov and Pavlyuchenko tell you something.?
            2. +6
              3 May 2019 15: 58
              Thanks for the compliments. Searching for the Beetle's book will be a "fun" activity: do you know what renovation in an APARTMENT is?
              Therefore, I will try to name this detail from memory: - SHUTTER. More precisely, the "wheel" (I do not know how it is called correctly) on the side. A characteristic detail and it is noticeable in the illustrations of a colleague of the eleventh and in your picture in the top row
              1. +1
                4 May 2019 09: 27
                Always glad to make a pleasant love ... And as for the renovation, it's definitely a nightmare. As they say: “one crossing equals two fires”, I think the same can be said about repairs. smile
                And as for the pistol - yes, it's a bolt, but I don't really know how this "wheel" is correctly called. request
                With Borchard, there’s a real reloading handle sticking out of his left wok.
              2. 0
                4 May 2019 20: 50
                Quote: Astra wild
                Thanks for the compliments. Searching for the Beetle's book will be a "fun" activity: do you know what renovation in an APARTMENT is?
                Therefore, I will try to name this detail from memory: - SHUTTER. More precisely, the "wheel" (I do not know how it is called correctly) on the side. A characteristic detail and it is noticeable in the illustrations of a colleague of the eleventh and in your picture in the top row

                On Parabellum, there are as many as 2 of these "wheels" (right and left), in common parlance, it seems, they were called buttons. They had to be pulled up not backwards. My father once had one.
              3. 0
                11 May 2019 21: 59
                Crank in real life
        4. +2
          3 May 2019 15: 26
          How do you like this "Monster", guess the familiar features?

          Too many pistols fall under the description of this photo-robot: and, Nambu Type 14 arr. 1925, and, Lahti L-35 and the not-unknown Luger P.08. smile
          1. 0
            4 May 2019 09: 34
            That's right, colleague Victor, they are there, as well as parts from several more systems. hi
            Only this is not a photobot, but black ink and a student pen with a feather, plus my right hand and a sheet of Whatman paper. At one time, he had so much fun at his leisure.
            A Borchard pistol (on the comment above) - a black ballpoint pen, noticeably if you look closely. smile
            1. +2
              4 May 2019 18: 04
              Quote: Sea Cat
              That's right, colleague Victor, they are there, as well as parts from several more systems. hi
              Only this is not a photobot, but black ink and a student pen with a feather, plus my right hand and a sheet of Whatman paper. At one time, he had so much fun at his leisure.
              A Borchard pistol (on the comment above) - a black ballpoint pen, noticeably if you look closely. smile

              hi If a person is talented, Buddy Sea Cat, then he is talented in everything! winked good
              1. 0
                4 May 2019 21: 58
                Thank you, Buddy Pishchak! Very nice, especially since I appreciate your opinion. smile

                Happy New Year! drinks
                1. +1
                  4 May 2019 22: 16
                  hi I categorically welcome you, my friend Konstantin! I didn’t know that you are so expert, stylish and tasteful, you draw, but you are not at all surprised! wink
                  Mutually, with the upcoming! Good Health to you and your loved ones!
                  drinks
                  1. 0
                    5 May 2019 12: 45
                    Good afternoon, buddy Pishchak! hi
                    Today I climbed to look through the comments, suddenly something new and interesting appeared, and was somewhat surprised by one circumstance. Imagine, some kind of Mr. and D pushed me cons, and even if Ch. M. O. wrote for what and with what they disagree, so no - everything is on the sly. This does not make the weather for me, but all that remains is to be surprised at the gn and los t and nature of some anthropoids.
                    1. +1
                      5 May 2019 16: 19
                      hi Good afternoon, Buddy Constantine! I just unsubscribed to one boring vile type who "stuck" to me on an Article about a copy of Steyr TMP, and he also minuses me! smile
                      I re-read your comments under the Article, but some of the pluses to you were mine, so there was little to add, but this does not matter wink .
                      Do not be so upset and do not react too painfully to petty intriguers, do not give them such pleasure! You will still be a positive “general” commentator, but you have already become a “colonel” ?! Yes
                      Yes, and good, normal, people in the majority! Everything will be fine with your literary "career growth" -You, most importantly, write more often, actively respond to topics that concern you, please your colleagues on the site, readers and writers with your versatile Creativity! good
                      It's not evening yet, my Comrade Sea Cat!
                      drinks
                      1. 0
                        5 May 2019 17: 17
                        Thank you for your kind words, Buddy Pishchak! hi "I don't care much about career growth, the main thing is friendship and communication with people like you! smile

                        All the best and best wishes! drinks
                      2. +1
                        5 May 2019 20: 15
                        hi From the context of your "picks" under the Articles, I roughly understood "who is xy (minusator)?" (But, of course, only the Omniscient Banshee himself knows the truth)! winked
                        I think that your chagrin today, by and large, has been sufficiently leveled, Buddy!
                        Now I am reading, not only your added comments about Armata, Damansky and about PP (Vyacheslav Olegovich Shpakovsky). A very interesting "oil painting" is emerging!
                        In principle, I carefully and not indifferently follow only the comments of those comrades (not necessarily just Russians, commentators from different countries!) Who show common sense and competence (although I also look through the posts of note-taking pibols - "diagonally" - in search of rational grain) ...
                        I would like to take this opportunity to ask you about your above picture of the "weapon compilation" (similar to those "charades" that the journal "Foreign Military Review" published at the turn of the 80s and 90s).
                        The "front end" from the Bergman pistol "Simplex" was difficult for me, but something painfully familiar smile - I even had to look into the book of the All-Respected Alexander Borisovich Zhuk (by the way, you don’t know, he nevertheless did the conceived "third book" "Machine Guns" or did not have time, or did it, but it was not published in connection with his death?)!
                        This Uzi stock cannot be confused with anything, as well as the characteristic outlines of the parts of the Nambu pistols (in general, the handle with the trigger guard and the trigger, excluding the rear Parabellum part with a “butt” for the attached stock), lever locking system with a copier , entirely and fuse of the same "Parabellum", ejector from "Borchard", Mannlicher barrel with an underbarrel part and front sight, side latch "Steyr" (very characteristic, like the folding handle of the automatic "Beretta" 93P).
                        Most of all doubts were brought to me by a muzzle brake with a tide for a bayonet and a rack with an optical sight, so my assumptions about their belonging, respectively, the Thompson PP and the experimental British rifle of 4,85mm caliber turned out to be false, I had to turn to " imperishable "authorship of AB Zhuk - you have already tried, my friend Konstantin, to confuse the audience a priori without jokes, to shake up the brain, to tax! good
                        It is clear that the answer was found, but not so fast, especially if I start flipping through a good book, then I read it. feel
                        "Muzzle" from the barrel of the Argentinean PP Alcon M43, and the rack with "optics" from the US PP "Weafer" PKS-9.
                        For example, I was a little more embarrassed by the chamfer on top in front of the barrel, a little longer (not a "hint" to "Lahti"?) Than on the authentic "Parabellum", but then I made allowances for my excessive perfectionism and didn't become myself anymore " create false entities. "
                        But I would be interested to know your opinion, is it all right, didn’t miss anything else in your "Monster" ?! winked
                        In general, it was interesting and entertaining to consider, thanks to you, after all, the book of AB Zhuk, already about 15 years old, was not disclosed at all.
                        Health and well-being to you and your loved ones, my friend Sea Cat!
                        Sincerely.
                        hi
                      3. 0
                        6 May 2019 00: 57
                        Thank you, so it was not in vain that I tried! drinks
                        This blank with the "Monster" lay in my folder for 20 - 25 years, and I don't really remember when I "molded" it.
                        Yes, you decoded everything there, however, judge for yourself:


                        PS And with the "Foreign Military Review" - yes, there are mine, as you put it, "charades". Lieutenant Colonel Ivan Maltsev was the executive editor there; it was easy and fun to work with him. I also squeezed a few articles on shooters there. Something else was in the magazine "Arms Dvor", and then something like this started in the country ... wassat
                        And you health and success, and your loved ones too!
                        Respectfully, as always, your M.Kot. hi
                      4. +1
                        6 May 2019 03: 50
                        hi That’s why your "Monster" seemed so familiar to me, but it is, out there! smile
                        After all, there was a catch in the not "Nambov" bend of the trigger guard ?! wink
                        It was a good magazine "ZVO", one of my favorites, also with "military color pictures", I read some of its issues from 72 years old and right up to 93, until we in Ukraine were "naughty" with Russian "periodicals".
                        "Armory yard" I read only a few numbers, expensive it was then at retail we had - $ 12 one number. But then, before the era of the Internet, all these military-scientific and technical journals and books by Zhuk and Bolotin, Nagaev, Markevich, Blum, Fedoseev with Murakhovsky, Novikov, Hogg, the memoirs of Fedorov and Kalashnikov, made up for the lack of knowledge on weapons topics ...
                        Everything has its time and everything passes (exactly with the prophetic inscriptions of the ring of King Solomon) ...
                        Sincerely. Always your Pishchak.
                        hi
          2. 0
            11 May 2019 22: 00
            P.08 is Parabellum
      3. +5
        3 May 2019 15: 11
        Similarly, the namesake. For me, Sergey’s story is new .. More precisely: I knew that there was such a gunsmith and competitor of Tokarev, but I did not know about him anymore.
        I drew attention to the following detail: "made by a student of the Real School" - the level of a neighboring school, but can you recall a lot of designers - gunsmiths of the students of the school? For example, I can't remember ANYONE
        1. +1
          3 May 2019 16: 00
          I drew attention to the following detail: "made by a student of the Real School" - the level of a neighboring school, but can you recall a lot of designers - gunsmiths of the students of the school? For example, I can't remember ANYONE

          Thank you for the hint ... I also thought and could not remember. The youngest who came to mind was Samuel Colt.
          At the beginning of the XIX century, American inventor Elisha Collier created a number of fairly popular models of pistols and rifles. In 1832, one of Collier’s revolvers caught the eye of eighteen-year-old Samuel Colt when he sailed on the Corvo brig to India, having escaped from home. Colt became interested in the design and the rest of the sailing he made a wooden model of an advanced revolver. It is said that he borrowed the idea of ​​a mechanism that automatically cranks and locks the drum when cocking the hammer, either from the device of a ship’s winch, or from a steering mechanism (or whistled at all). Be that as it may, in 1835 Colt received patents for the invention of the “revolving gun” (“rotating weapon”) in London and Paris. In February 1836, he patented it in the United States.

          Details on warhead.su:
          https://warhead.su/2017/09/28/pervye-revolvery-kolta
    2. +1
      4 May 2019 08: 57
      The surname of the constructor is Groves.
      1. 0
        4 May 2019 09: 53
        "Who is this? Why I don't know" (Zhiglov: "The meeting place cannot be changed *)
        1. +1
          4 May 2019 12: 55
          Yakov Ustinovich Roshchepey or Roshchepiy is a Russian and Ukrainian Soviet inventor, one of the first designers in the world to develop a rifle, “from which you can shoot automatically” [1] [2].

          The name of the designer was spelled incorrectly in the comment.
          1. +1
            4 May 2019 13: 51
            Quote: kvs207
            The name of the designer was spelled incorrectly in the comment.

            I apologize - experience, as the code is a bit on the ear, so I write on the machine. Of course not right.
    3. +1
      5 May 2019 01: 26
      Browning is beautiful.
      1. 0
        5 May 2019 10: 07
        Misalignment of the trunk and earring? Well, in principle, a classic has proved itself, but I like the rotation of the barrel, as in Steier 1912, and many people like Steier, and the automation scheme is rarely used.
        Browning 1903 on ballistics does not look bad (almost Stechkin) + dignity - a free shutter, if not for the unification of the caliber, it would probably be better to use a pistol with a cartridge based on it.
  2. +2
    3 May 2019 07: 43
    An excellent pistol, it is a pity, of course, that in Tsarist times it never went into mass production.
  3. +3
    3 May 2019 09: 00
    Very interesting, never before heard of this sample pistol. Thanks to the author.
  4. +7
    3 May 2019 10: 07
    I will allow myself several additions and corrections.
    At the same time, employees of the Main Artillery Directorate allocated a magazine latch, which the designer placed on the store itself
    GAU employees really identified the design of the latch, but as requiring rework. Design features led to the fact that it was very difficult to remove a fully equipped magazine - the cartridges prevented the latch protrusion from moving, which quickly broke.
    the pillar and the extractor, which were combined and represented one part.
    This is the case that has been discussed many times - the material being copied from Wikipedia must be checked so as not to duplicate stupid things.

    In the photo the disassembled gun of Prilutsky from the Tula Museum of Weapons described in the article. The ejector (18) is placed in the longitudinal cutout of the casing - shutter and is fixed in it by the transverse axis (9).
    In the free position of the ejector, its hook (16) is lowered down, and the rear end (10) is raised, which indicates the absence of a cartridge in the chamber. Behind the ejector, a transverse cutout is made in the upper part of the casing, into which the rear sight (11) is inserted. On the side surfaces of the shutter housing, protrusions are made with a notch (12), for hand grip when retracting it back.
    As we can see, the extractor and the pillar are two different parts.
    1. +3
      3 May 2019 12: 13
      hi Dear Undecim, Thank you for these photos! good Now I understand how I was cruelly mistaken about the "flimsy latch of the gate feathers" (although there are still "stress concentrators" and places for the development of very possible "fatigue cracks" on the gate, but everything looks much stronger in design than I expected due to lack of information!)! smile
      Do you have information on the moderator used in the competitive Prilutsky pistol chambered for 7,62x25 mm ??? I know that in a meticulous search for comprehensive information, you have practically no competitors! good
      1. +4
        3 May 2019 12: 59
        Here on the design of the moderator information I have not met. It will be necessary to see. The easiest way would be to go to Tula, but at the moment it will not work.
  5. +3
    3 May 2019 11: 23
    The appearance of the first sample (pre-revolutionary) gives rise to vague associations with ... Desert needle. Funny similarity.
  6. +5
    3 May 2019 11: 49
    I always believed that, contrary to some Internet sources, the 9x9 Browning Kurz cartridge was used in the 17mm version of the Prilutsky pistol, otherwise the powerful 9x20 Browning Long cartridge, in the original version, without a retarder, would have such a free bolt (significantly weakened in front, with its flimsy latch of "feathers") would completely break off when shooting ?! But maybe I really am mistaken, and, in some magical way, every time I managed to avoid such an obvious (when looking at the external dimensions of this "command" weapon part) "bolt blowout in the shooter's face" ?! what
    Many of our designers-gunsmiths of the pre-revolutionary school were let down by this adherence to, a priori time-consuming and time-consuming, individual fitter adjustment, machine tool, especially turning and milling, processing of parts with a complex profile, which does not imply, at least "batch", more productive processing "pass-by" in multi-place devices, from the blanks of profile rolled products, required for mass production! The designs turned out to be overweight and mega-cost - in terms of the consumption of materials and tools, energy resources, the complexity and labor intensity of manufacturing.
    They designed their samples with "fitted" minimum gaps and too tight arrangement of parts and assemblies, "not giving an exit-free space" got inside (and this is inevitable in "non-sterile conditions" when using weapons on the battlefield!) Dust and dirt.
    Here is a simpler, with fewer parts, Prilutsky pistol, quite interesting in its design solutions (the automatic trigger safety device is especially striking, much earlier than the Sauer and the well-known Glock, which was also used in the domestic design! It would be VERY INTERESTING for me to see and the retarder used by Sergei Alexandrovich in his competitive 7,62 mm pistol, but so far he has not come across to me anywhere request , therefore, I can only assume its constructive solution) and by the accuracy of the battle a priori (after all, the stationary barrel of a pistol, with all other parameters being equal, is always more heaped than the moving, finely "wobbling" - as in TT, without the Browning centering protrusion on the breech barrel and the corresponding guide groove on the "mirror" of the shutter-casing, which was available on the imported "prototype"!), which was superior to the Tokarev pistol, was finally rejected by the military commission due to unreliable operation in dusty conditions.
    It is a pity, with the subsequent thoughtful refinement, the Prilutsky pistol could have turned out to be a fully combat-ready pistol, devoid of many of the shortcomings of the adopted TT model of 1930, and then of 1933, many human lives (lost as a result of accidents and failures caused by the design of the TT) were would be saved. IMHO.
    To the author of the Article, respected Yuferov Sergey, Thank you for raising the topic of the Prilutsky pistol on VO and popularizing knowledge about the history of domestic weapons! Keep it up! good
  7. +3
    3 May 2019 12: 27
    Thank! Great article! I have been interested in weapons for a long time, but I read about this gun for the first time!
  8. -13
    3 May 2019 13: 51
    famous designer Vladimir Grigorievich Fedorov - creator of the first domestic machine gun

    There was no machine gun as such. But there is a "creator of the first domestic machine". Wonders.
    The Main Artillery Directorate issued 200 rubles to Prilutsky for the production of a pistol.

    And today I would be in prison for the same thing.
    As noted by the commission, the accuracy of the battle Korovina and Prilutsky pistols were equal, while both models were superior to the Walter pistol.

    Has anyone ever met anything Soviet that would be worse than foreign?
    Only here, for some reason, the foreign in the world was in demand. But the Soviet one, not even in the USSR.
    Miracles.
    Mauser’s adapted cartridge, later designated 7,62x25 TT. This ammunition for many years will become a full-time Soviet cartridge for all pistols and submachine guns created in the country.

    Here it would be necessary to add in capital letters Sorry.
    They were attended by even more models, to the traditional participants (Prilutsky, Korovin and Tokarev) self-loading pistols Walter, Parabellum and Browning were added. This time, the commission recognized Tokarev’s pistol as the best model, which later became the famous TT.

    It’s clear that Walter and Browning are complete bullshit. Whether it’s TT.
    By the way, where is the beautiful TT now? Bullshit Walter and Browning, they, here they are. And TT hasn’t been seen anywhere for a long time.
    1. +8
      3 May 2019 15: 36
      Ww2-1, for your information: Browning 1903 in the same place as the TT.
      Regarding the 7'62x25 caliber, I talked with the frortists and for some reason they respected this cartridge. Apparently, because in the Second World War they did not have the opportunity to read reference books, but they were content to compare various pistols and cartridges
      1. -5
        3 May 2019 17: 13
        Quote: vladcub
        For your information: Browning 1903 in the same place as the TT.

        There is no year in the text.
        Quote: vladcub
        communicated with frortovikami and for some reason they respected this cartridge.

        Don't be creative. "The veterans who respect the 7,62x25 mm TT cartridge" immediately after the war replaced it with the 9x18 mm PM cartridge. And also missed. But the fact remains that the 7,62x25 mm TT cartridge was flooded from the army right after the war.
        Nowhere in the world did the 7,63x25 mm Mauser cartridge (this is approximately the same TT) "serve" in the army. And it's not just that.
        Quote: vladcub
        and they could compare various pistols and ammunition

        Where did they get this "plenty"? You look less "war movies".
        1. +4
          4 May 2019 11: 32
          ww, you are absolutely right: at the front they did not know what captured weapons were. Do not consider it hard to watch the newsreel: a partisan parade in Minsk, do all the partisans have "PPSh" or do they also have captured weapons?
          How many times flashed in the memories of the partisan commanders: “Saburov, Fedorov, Vershigor about captured weapons.
        2. +1
          4 May 2019 11: 44
          Actually, the TT pistol was changed to PM not by front-line soldiers, but a decision was made by governments. There is evidence that one of the initiators of the choice of PM was Beria.
    2. +6
      3 May 2019 16: 11
      ww 2-1 "Walterto and Browning" shitty "You either do not know or do not want to remember such" little things ": Walter - there was an arms company, now her name was bought by a toy factory. And Browning worked for the Colt company and the Belgian company FN, her emblem is visible on the handle of Browning 1903, and the TT pistol is not a company, but a model of a pistol. Even I remember you more
      1. -5
        3 May 2019 17: 14
        Quote: Astra wild
        Even I remember you more

        I am completely killed by this fact. I'm going to get drunk.
        On the topic, is there anything to say?
        1. +4
          4 May 2019 11: 36
          But didn’t she answer the topic to you?
          1. 0
            6 May 2019 11: 35
            Generally no, they talk about weapons-models and not about companies and their names
      2. +3
        3 May 2019 18: 01
        Nenene, Astra, not Walter’s name (trademark), but the entire Walter company, as well as Smith-Wesson, too, were bought by the Umareks company, which had previously been engaged in weapons toys and gas workers.
        1. +1
          5 May 2019 01: 02
          Quote: Horse, lyudovѣd and soulѣlyub
          Umareks firm previously engaged in weapons toys and gas workers.

          at the beginning of the 90s Bati had a "Umarex-Champion" revolver-bulldog, gas, .45 caliber, 5 rounds
          we with him through the muzzle nozzle (idle of course) for the holidays let fireworks
    3. +3
      3 May 2019 16: 20
      ..... The machine, as such, was not. But there is a "creator of the first domestic machine". Wonders.

      If we turn to historiography, then the aforementioned Fedorov “automatic machines” called all their products capable of automatic fire since 1921 ... By the way, since 1939 the name “machine gunners” entered the domestic military circulation, although in modern terms they were all armed with a pistol machine guns.
      Alas, miracles do happen but not in this case !!!
      Regards, Kote!
      1. -11
        3 May 2019 17: 22
        Quote: Kote pane Kohanka
        Fedorov called “automatic machines” all his products with the possibility of automatic fire since 1921 ...

        How would you more accurately say ...
        The first product of Fedorov did not have such an opportunity at all. The maestro forgot about cooling the barrel. A trifle, of course, but unpleasant.
        The second product ... The second product could lead automatic fire. But, you see, it’s one thing to simply be able to fire automatically. And another thing is to be a good machine gun.
        Even the illiterate Bolsheviks quickly realized that Fedorov was trying to sell them bullshit. And the Vanderwafli refused to release it. And, lo and behold, not knowing terminal ballistics, they were absolutely right. Maybe they tested it on the "enemies of the revolution", what do you think?
        Quote: Kote pane Kohanka
        the name “machine gunners” entered, although in modern terms they were all armed with submachine guns.

        PP, this is one of the types of machines. Automatic, this is a broader concept. This includes software, and AKM, and AK-74, and M16, and much more.
        But the M4 is not included. And AKSU is not included. And much more is also not included.
        1. +2
          4 May 2019 21: 04
          Quote: ww2-1
          Quote: Kote pane Kohanka
          Fedorov called “automatic machines” all his products with the possibility of automatic fire since 1921 ...

          How would you more accurately say ...
          The first product of Fedorov did not have such an opportunity at all. The maestro forgot about cooling the barrel. A trifle, of course, but unpleasant.
          The second product ... The second product could lead automatic fire. But, you see, it’s one thing to simply be able to fire automatically. And another thing is to be a good machine gun.
          Even the illiterate Bolsheviks quickly realized that Fedorov was trying to sell them bullshit. And the Vanderwafli refused to release it. And, lo and behold, not knowing terminal ballistics, they were absolutely right. Maybe they tested it on the "enemies of the revolution", what do you think?
          Quote: Kote pane Kohanka
          the name “machine gunners” entered, although in modern terms they were all armed with submachine guns.

          PP, this is one of the types of machines. Automatic, this is a broader concept. This includes software, and AKM, and AK-74, and M16, and much more.
          But the M4 is not included. And AKSU is not included. And much more is also not included.

          Figase, the news! laughing AKS-74U is not included in the submachine guns, and the control firing exercise performs! laughing Yes, the main exercises for him - there were different UUSs, but in skillful hands this is an excellent machine - light weight and dimensions, decent accuracy and accuracy. By the way, in the military personnel was recorded just like an automatic machine.
        2. +2
          5 May 2019 16: 05
          Quote: ww2-1
          And AKSU is not included.

  9. +4
    3 May 2019 15: 15
    Quote: SERGEY SERGEEVICS
    An excellent pistol, it is a pity, of course, that in Tsarist times it never went into mass production.

    In fact, he did not go into mass production in the Soviet Union. The first time Korovin circumvented it, and the second time Tokarev.
    1. +1
      3 May 2019 16: 21
      All right namesake, with the past holidays !!!
  10. 0
    3 May 2019 18: 26
    The next tests of the pistols took place in the summer of 1930. They were attended by even more models, to the traditional participants (Prilutsky, Korovin and Tokarev) self-loading pistols Walter, Parabellum and Browning were added.


    They would have waited a few more years and would have won the Browning High Power. This High Power served for more than half a century in various armies until it was replaced with more modern pistols. Production was stopped only in 2017, somewhere under the license they still do.

    In one of the Russian TV shows I saw him in the hands of an SS man. I wanted to be outraged, but ... really, the SS men were supplied especially and they had High Power.

    Duc, what am I talking about? Just compare the contemporaries of Browning High Power - TT, Prilutsky, Walter P38 with this same Browning High Power.

    Browning high power
    1. +1
      3 May 2019 18: 38
      Partisans in 1941 studied the captured Brownie High Power.

      1. +3
        3 May 2019 21: 29
        Quote: Horse, lyudovѣd and soulѣlyub
        Partisans in 1941 studied the captured Brownie High Power.

        And why exactly "trophy"? He seemed to be supplied with some kind of equipment. Like Thompson by the way.
        1. +2
          3 May 2019 22: 05
          Where from? From the German-occupied Belgium?

          Do not confuse Belgian Browning High Power with 1911 American Colt.

          Caption:

          The commander of the partisan detachment acquaints the fighters with the Browning M1935 pistol, Smolensk region, August 1941.
          1. +1
            3 May 2019 23: 20
            Sorry, I really thought about Colt 1911, too, after all, Browning. :(

            But strictly speaking, "Hi Power" was produced not only in Belgium, but also in Canada. It was definitely delivered to England and China, but I think I was mistaken about the USSR.
            1. +1
              4 May 2019 18: 47
              You are a plus. When a person is able to admit his mistake, testifies to his mind. And that is, some colleagues that I consider myself second after God
              1. -1
                4 May 2019 21: 36
                Some comrades, who are not comrades at all to us, generally consider themselves to be the god of reduced flanges and two-row shops.

                wassat
                1. -1
                  7 May 2019 13: 15
                  Quote: Horse, lyudovѣd and soulѣlyub
                  Some comrades, who are not comrades at all to us, generally consider themselves to be the god of reduced flanges and two-row shops.

                  "Gods of reduced flanges" in Russia sit in the Moscow Region. These are backward and poorly educated people who rule according to the principle "even a cook can rule ...". Since 1917, as they came, they still do not go away. Some argue here that the rimmed cartridge is "better" in self-loading and automatic weapons. Soldiers in war will be forced to die with a sideways weapon, but having captured such a weapon with a trophy, the enemy will be able to hammer nails into concrete walls with such a weapon laughing
                  The SVD merges the more advanced models that are in service with the Western armies, and even Russia's allies are no longer purchasing it.
                  In the 21st century, it finally dawned on why in the United States, after Germany, they switched to a flangeless cartridge at the beginning of the 20th century, and since the beginning of the 21st century, new rifle ammunition with reduced sleeve flanges has been intensively developed. In the United States, engineers teach physics, weapons develop accurate and high-quality. Cooks in the United States go about their business.
                  In the 21st century, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation begins to purchase the aging cartridge of the 50s of the 20th century - 7,62x51 NATO for its own needs, they are designing weapons for this cartridge. A smaller flange would do even better. But the "cooks" will not be able to explain this at once until they retake at least a school physics course. So that they understand at least a little how weapons work and how you can win in accuracy and accuracy in weapons limited by the mass of the weapon itself.
                  And the gas vent system for high-precision self-loading weapons can be performed so that it does not worsen, but improves the accuracy of the barrel: with three thin gas vents in the trunk array with one piece along the entire length of the barrel, in a triangular barrel profile. With a muzzle device for the removal of gases into gas outlets according to the TKB-0145S type. To make the bolt frame itself with an annular gas piston at the end closest to the butt, withdraw gas vents directly to it at a circle at an angle of 120 degrees, reduce the diameter of the bolt frame due to its economical diameter, with a reduced sleeve flange, a new cartridge, perform the gas vent frame and shutter perfectly balanced with the center of mass on the axis of the barrel, and light for self-loading (not fully automatic) weapons. So that there is a light, perfectly balanced shutter and frame completely with centers of inertia on the axis of the bore, and thereby reduce the negative impact of automation on the accuracy of shooting. Under powerful rifle cartridges, combat stops on the circumference of the combat larva of the shutter should be placed in 2 rows to reduce the height of their profile. The stops should be 6 or 12 (with a double-row arrangement of the stops). The store for such a rifle is single-row or double-row with rebuilding in one row. And there will be a long-range and accurate version of a self-loading sniper rifle. With bipod, when firing from a stable position, it will break all modern self-loading samples for accuracy.
                  Auto-fretting barrel in order to reduce the thickness of the barrel walls in its thinnest projections - inner cylindrical and outer "triangular" profiles. Modern nitrocarburizing of the barrel should be performed instead of chrome plating, so that the accuracy of the weapon does not suffer, as in the case of chrome plating of the barrel. Parts of a complex shape of a weapon should be made using MIM and 3D-printing to reduce their mass and the mass of the weapon itself.
                  ... Rebuilding shops, their importance for army weapons, are well understood in countries where there is a lot of shooting. The store with rebuilding easily gets rid of reliability problems, as the Germans learned in the Second World War after the first unsuccessful stores with rebuilding for the PP. Pistols in NATO armies are now rebuilding in one row, the stores are constantly being improved, and the new Boa constrictor is inferior to such pistols due to the outdated primitive design of the store made at the request of the Ministry of Defense. And with a rearrangement in one row, under a sleeve with a reduced flange, it would not be inferior to NATO pistols in accuracy and rate of fire. "Cooks" do not understand that the dangling of weapons after a shot to the left and right is a drawback that must be completely eliminated in order to increase the chance of a soldier's survival on the battlefield. Useless pistols, ineffective against modern Western ones, continue to be demanded from developers. Then there will be corpses. Someone will answer for the corpses? I propose to get rid of corpses even before they appear, to make weapons more accurate and perfect, surpassing the samples of the enemy.
            2. +1
              4 May 2019 21: 54
              In August 1941, near Smolensk, Browning High Power could only be captured from the body of an SS man.

              In Canada, it began to be produced only in 1942 and production became mass in 1944.

              From February 1944 to September 1945 alone, Inglis fired 151 pistols.


              hi

              During World War II, the pistol was manufactured in occupied Belgium for the German Wehrmacht and SS troops under the designation Pistole 640 (b) with the factory brand DWM Werke Luttich, a total of about 319 such pistols were produced. The relatively low quality of the occupation Pistole 000 (b) is usually explained by sabotage by Belgian workers, but rather, there was a usual decrease in the quality of production for wartime. At the same time, since 640, the gun was manufactured by the Canadian company John Inglis in Toronto - initially for China, and then for England, Canada and Australia. FN technical staff, who fled to the UK in 1942, participated in the development of production.
            3. 0
              6 May 2019 11: 39
              No, they weren’t mistaken, Browning was tested in GAU and received a very positive rating. According to the conclusions, one of the best personal weapons at that time.
              1. 0
                7 May 2019 17: 25
                In fact, the purchase of a limited batch for comparative tests and adoption is two big differences.

                They bought Walter PP for the NKVD before the war with cartridges for executions. That is yes.

                Browning High Power was used by special forces in the USSR after the war and was replaced in the 70-80s with the Manurin MP73 .357 Magnum revolver, when the work of the standard 9x19 from this Browning HP was already recognized as insufficient. At that time, there was no NATO slow-moving cartridge or it was not available in the USSR. It was later that Manurin MP73 was already replaced by a 9x21 pistol, and 9x19 was mediated in Russia to 7N31.
                1. 0
                  8 May 2019 10: 21
                  Someone is minus everything, do not sleep for someone)))
                  1. 0
                    8 May 2019 15: 35
                    Ukrainians envy Russian passports.
    2. 0
      11 May 2019 22: 16
      TT penetration is much higher. Even Colt 1911 is inferior
  11. +2
    4 May 2019 00: 08
    Well, as it were, a Prilutsky pistol won in the 1939 competition and was recommended for adoption by the Red Army .... It did not grow together, the war prevented. So, the Author, Prilutsky did not stop designing pistols in 1930 ...

"Right Sector" (banned in Russia), "Ukrainian Insurgent Army" (UPA) (banned in Russia), ISIS (banned in Russia), "Jabhat Fatah al-Sham" formerly "Jabhat al-Nusra" (banned in Russia) , Taliban (banned in Russia), Al-Qaeda (banned in Russia), Anti-Corruption Foundation (banned in Russia), Navalny Headquarters (banned in Russia), Facebook (banned in Russia), Instagram (banned in Russia), Meta (banned in Russia), Misanthropic Division (banned in Russia), Azov (banned in Russia), Muslim Brotherhood (banned in Russia), Aum Shinrikyo (banned in Russia), AUE (banned in Russia), UNA-UNSO (banned in Russia), Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People (banned in Russia), Legion “Freedom of Russia” (armed formation, recognized as terrorist in the Russian Federation and banned)

“Non-profit organizations, unregistered public associations or individuals performing the functions of a foreign agent,” as well as media outlets performing the functions of a foreign agent: “Medusa”; "Voice of America"; "Realities"; "Present time"; "Radio Freedom"; Ponomarev; Savitskaya; Markelov; Kamalyagin; Apakhonchich; Makarevich; Dud; Gordon; Zhdanov; Medvedev; Fedorov; "Owl"; "Alliance of Doctors"; "RKK" "Levada Center"; "Memorial"; "Voice"; "Person and law"; "Rain"; "Mediazone"; "Deutsche Welle"; QMS "Caucasian Knot"; "Insider"; "New Newspaper"