Yuri Gagarin. What kind of guy was he
If Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin lived to our days, 9 March 2019, he would have celebrated his next anniversary, the first cosmonaut of the Earth would have turned 85 years. In reality, Yuri Gagarin left us early, as often great people often leave. His life was tragically cut short by 27 March 1968 of the year. At the time of the ill-fated disaster of the MiG-XNUMHUTI fighter in the Vladimir region, he was only 15 of the year. The death of the hero, and Yuri Alekseevich was a real hero, a pioneer in the exploration of outer space, forever left a gaping scar in the soul of relatives and friends of the first cosmonaut, finding a response in the hearts of ordinary citizens of the Soviet Union and other states.
Today, Yuri Gagarin is a true symbol of our country, a man who is known and respected all over the world, he literally captivated everyone with his wide smile and kind face. By flying into space, he forever inscribed his name in history, secured immortality. It is not by chance that April 12 is celebrated today not only with the Day of Cosmonautics in our country, but also the International Day of Human Space Flight. The decision was taken at the 65 session of the UN General Assembly, which was held on 7 on April 2011. Today, this April day is forever and inextricably linked with the name of a simple Russian guy, Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin.
Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin was born on March 9 1934 of the year in the maternity hospital of Gzhatsk. In 1968, this city in the Smolensk region was renamed after Gagarin in his honor. The future cosmonaut was born in a simple family of Russian peasants. His father, Alexei Ivanovich Gagarin, worked as a carpenter, and his mother, Anna Timofeevna Matveyeva, worked at a dairy farm. The family had a large family, Yuri had two brothers and a sister, and he was the third child in seniority.
All the childhood of the future cosmonaut passed in the small village of Klushino, where his parents lived, and here 1 September 1941 of the year he went to the first class - in the first year of the terrible war, which affected his life and the life of his native village, which German 12 already occupied troops. The invaders threw the Gagarins' family out of the house with small children, so for the entire harsh winter of 1941 / 42 they lived in a small dugout dug out in the garden, according to eyewitnesses, it was no more than an ordinary train compartment. In the occupation in a close dugout in the garden of their own house, in which they could not live (the Germans opened a workshop there), the Gagarins lived for almost a year and a half until the Red Army soldiers liberated the village of Klushino from the Hitlerites 9 on April 1943. Up to this point, the older brother, Yuri Gagarin, Valentin, and his sister, Zoya, the Germans managed to steal for forced labor in Germany. Memories of their experiences could have left their mark on Yuri, made them unsociable, closed, but the horrors of occupation, and it is difficult to call it differently, they did not change the first cosmonaut. He, according to the memories of loved ones, remained the same open and good man. But he later tried to never mention the war and his experiences in interviews and articles.
In the fall of 1943, the study was interrupted by the war, in 1949, Yuri Gagarin graduated from the sixth grade in the Gzhatskoy school (the family moved here in 1945, it was easier to find work in the city) and decided to continue further education in Moscow, he was really drawn into Big world. Neither the persuasion of his parents, nor the persuasion of the teachers who asked him to stay in Gzhatsk, did not help. Having chosen a goal for himself, Yuri Gagarin steadily walked toward her, he was a very purposeful person and never reduced his demands on himself. After moving to Moscow, he simultaneously studied at the Lyubertsy Vocational School No. XXUMX and at the evening school for working youth. After graduating from college with honors in 10, he left it as a trained molder. But the thirst for knowledge was not quenched, after the completion of the school that same year, Yuri Gagarin entered the Saratov Industrial Technical School in the foundry department.
Later, the cosmonaut’s daughter, Elena Gagarin, recalled that her father belonged to a generation of people who didn’t have many opportunities, especially because of the war and the post-war period, so he always tried to make up for it, was interested in everything, was very curious, liked to learn. According to Elena Garanina, Yuri Alekseevich has been interested in history and literature all his life. From childhood, she remembered the story of how her father drove daughters to the Borodino battlefield and told them the story of the battle, surprising with interesting details the battles of Napoleon and Kutuzov’s armies. Gagarin loved poetry, knew Pushkin well, as well as poetry associated with the war, for example, Tvardovsky’s poems. Literature, he loved different and Russian classics, and works of Saint-Exupery. For example, the famous French author liked the novel “Night Flight”.
Surprisingly, for the first time since aviation Yuri Gagarin came into close contact only in 1954, when in October he came to the Saratov flying club at DOSAAF. Next year, the novice pilot achieves significant success in a new field for himself, which indicates his excellent learning ability and openness to the perception of new information. In 1955, the future astronaut performs the first independent flight on a training aircraft Yak-18. Here at the Dubka airport (a sports airport in the city of Saratov), he performs his first parachute jump in his life, this happened on March 14, 1955, so he mastered the course not only in flight, but also in parachute training. In the summer of the same year, he graduated with honors from the Saratov Industrial College, and in the fall he completed his studies at the flying club with a general graduation mark “excellent” (Grades at the end of training: engine - “excellent”, material part of the aircraft - “excellent”, aerodynamics - “ excellent "; airplane navigation" excellent ").
It is not surprising that with such assessments and successes in piloting, Yuri Gagarin was identified in October 1955 after being recruited into Chkalov (today Orenburg), where he became a cadet of the 1 Second Military Aviation School for Pilots. KE Voroshilov. The aviation school, as well as his studies at the DOSSAF flying club, Gagarin graduated with honors and here you can recall the story of his growth. Remembering the first cosmonaut of the Earth, his smile always pops up in his head, which captivated the whole world, but in order to have a better idea of Yuri Gagarin, one must also remember that he was a small man. By today's standards, he was small, the growth of an astronaut did not exceed 165 cm, but for men whose childhood was in the war and the first post-war years, this was not something out of the ordinary.
At least one interesting story is connected with the growth of Yuri Gagarin. In the flight school in Chkalov, the pilot coped well with many disciplines, the cadet was in good standing and the teachers recorded his progress and an excellent level of academic performance. However, one element was given to Yuri with difficulty, he had problems with competent landing of the aircraft, the aircraft constantly nodding. This story is very fond of mentioning in the Russian mass media, from where it migrated to Wikipedia. It is believed that this problem with the landing could put an end to the career of a pilot, but the head of the school just noticed that the cadet Gagarin is notable for his small stature. From this he made the conclusion that a small increase leads to a change in the angle of view from the cockpit and changes the pilot's perception and sense of the approaching land. Therefore, Gagarin was recommended to fly with a thick lining, which would increase his growth and increase visibility from the cockpit, this eventually paid off, and Yuri Alekseevich graduated from college with honors. True or beautiful bike is very difficult to say today, but it is absolutely possible to say that for an astronaut a small increase was not a problem, but a necessity, and here he was useful to Gagarin for all 100 percent, becoming his dignity.
At the dawn of manned cosmonautics in the Soviet Union there were quite stringent requirements for astronauts, including growth that could not exceed 170. Later, the requirements changed and gradually more people started to be sent into space, but at the beginning of 1960. put forward just such a requirement. However, even now, putting extra centimeters or grams of payload into orbit is not an easy task, let alone the first stage of space exploration. At the same time, Yuri Gagarin fully satisfied the commission, which conducted the selection of candidates for the first cosmonaut corps.
Moreover, a small increase did not prevent Gagarin from playing basketball and volleyball and loving these games. While still studying at a vocational school, he received the TRP badge without any problems, having passed all the necessary standards. Yuri even managed to become a local record holder. In the school's Olympics held in 1951, he ran a hundred meters in 12,8 seconds, improving his own achievement during the 4 relay in 100 meters, when he ran his stage in 12,4 seconds. The fact that Yuri Gagarin was fond of different kinds of sports and, in general, was a very athletic person, we can judge by the numerous photographs that have come down to us that everyone knows. For example, the famous picture, where he stands with dumbbells on the balcony of his house, or photographs, where he rides water skiing, even in the general picture of the first detachment of Soviet cosmonauts, Yuri stands with a tennis racket in his hands.
Sport occupied a big place in his life. In basketball, a low point guard even managed to get the first adult level. According to the memoirs of cosmonaut Elena Gagarina’s daughter, her father adored basketball and understood this game well. He was the team captain and talented playmaker in his student years, at one time he even participated in the training sessions of the CSKA basketball team, was a friend of the legendary Alexander Gomelsky. Among sportsmen and basketball players there was even a kind of joke (with a great deal of truth) that YNG Gagarin’s 12 on April 1961 of April became the world's most famous basketball player overnight.
Water skis and Gagarin is also a whole separate story. Yuri Alekseevich became one of the first people in the USSR who were seriously carried away by this new, exotic at that time and in some way extreme sport - water skiing. Many times the famous astronaut overcame the path from Yalta to Alushta on water skis in about 1,5 hours, while the average speed on the water surface was under 100 km / h. Already after the first flight into space, Yury Gagrin put a lot of effort into creating the All-Union Water Sports Federation in the Soviet Union, the idea of which was not supported by many sports leaders and was perceived as “bourgeois sop”, but they resist world celebrity and Gagarin charm failed.
No one will argue with the fact that Yuri Gagarin was a very brave man. Other people just do not go to learn from the pilot, do not jump with a parachute, and certainly do not fly into space. Even now in a manned space program there is always a risk factor, and at the dawn of this era it was a very dangerous task that required tremendous courage. The astronaut himself understood this perfectly well, who, just in case, wrote a touching letter to his wife and daughters just in case. The cosmonaut's wife, Valentina Ivanovna, received this message only 7 years after the death of her husband in a plane crash. Yuri Gagarin himself, like Sergei Korolev, perfectly understood the risk with which the first flight was associated.
And in fact, the first manned space flight of 12 on April 1961 of the year was accompanied by a variety of technical problems, during the flight at least 10 abnormal situations occurred and any of them could lead to a tragedy, starting with the launch into an off-design orbit (85 km higher than planned) and ending with troubles during landing (off-design point, problems with the valve of an airtight suit, which had to be opened to switch to breathing with atmospheric air, etc.). Separately, it is possible to single out the overload that the astronaut experienced in the descent vehicle, it reached 12 g, for the time being Gagarin almost lost consciousness, his eyes began to turn gray, and the readings of the instruments began to blur. However, the pilot coped with all abnormal situations, remained alive, and his flight forever entered the history as the first manned flight into space. Whether such a person could accomplish without uncommon courage, of course not.
Much can be said about the first cosmonaut and the clinical and psychological characteristics that were compiled in the first cosmonaut detachment. Experts identified high noise immunity, responsiveness and ability to navigate in a new environment, the ability to maintain composure. When conducting research, the ability to relax was revealed even during the smallest pauses, Yuri Gagarin could quickly fall asleep and then wake up at a specified time without using an alarm clock. This was later reported in numerous interviews by the daughter of the first cosmonaut. According to Elena Gagarina, the father could come after work tired, tell his family that he would sleep 40 minutes, and sleep exactly 40 minutes, after which he would go up to the minute. The peculiarities of the character of the first cosmonaut also included a sense of humor, a penchant for jokes and good nature. Curiosity, thoughtfulness, cheerfulness, and self-confidence were distinguished from his character traits. It is difficult to argue with this, looking today at the photos of the first astronaut.
For us, Yuri Gagarin will forever remain a fearless space explorer, inquisitive, aspiring to knowledge, well physically trained, keen on various kinds of sports, but most importantly a kind, sincere and in every sense radiant person, a person whose smile is today familiar to millions of people around the world .
Based on materials from open sources
Today, Yuri Gagarin is a true symbol of our country, a man who is known and respected all over the world, he literally captivated everyone with his wide smile and kind face. By flying into space, he forever inscribed his name in history, secured immortality. It is not by chance that April 12 is celebrated today not only with the Day of Cosmonautics in our country, but also the International Day of Human Space Flight. The decision was taken at the 65 session of the UN General Assembly, which was held on 7 on April 2011. Today, this April day is forever and inextricably linked with the name of a simple Russian guy, Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin.
Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin was born on March 9 1934 of the year in the maternity hospital of Gzhatsk. In 1968, this city in the Smolensk region was renamed after Gagarin in his honor. The future cosmonaut was born in a simple family of Russian peasants. His father, Alexei Ivanovich Gagarin, worked as a carpenter, and his mother, Anna Timofeevna Matveyeva, worked at a dairy farm. The family had a large family, Yuri had two brothers and a sister, and he was the third child in seniority.
All the childhood of the future cosmonaut passed in the small village of Klushino, where his parents lived, and here 1 September 1941 of the year he went to the first class - in the first year of the terrible war, which affected his life and the life of his native village, which German 12 already occupied troops. The invaders threw the Gagarins' family out of the house with small children, so for the entire harsh winter of 1941 / 42 they lived in a small dugout dug out in the garden, according to eyewitnesses, it was no more than an ordinary train compartment. In the occupation in a close dugout in the garden of their own house, in which they could not live (the Germans opened a workshop there), the Gagarins lived for almost a year and a half until the Red Army soldiers liberated the village of Klushino from the Hitlerites 9 on April 1943. Up to this point, the older brother, Yuri Gagarin, Valentin, and his sister, Zoya, the Germans managed to steal for forced labor in Germany. Memories of their experiences could have left their mark on Yuri, made them unsociable, closed, but the horrors of occupation, and it is difficult to call it differently, they did not change the first cosmonaut. He, according to the memories of loved ones, remained the same open and good man. But he later tried to never mention the war and his experiences in interviews and articles.
In the fall of 1943, the study was interrupted by the war, in 1949, Yuri Gagarin graduated from the sixth grade in the Gzhatskoy school (the family moved here in 1945, it was easier to find work in the city) and decided to continue further education in Moscow, he was really drawn into Big world. Neither the persuasion of his parents, nor the persuasion of the teachers who asked him to stay in Gzhatsk, did not help. Having chosen a goal for himself, Yuri Gagarin steadily walked toward her, he was a very purposeful person and never reduced his demands on himself. After moving to Moscow, he simultaneously studied at the Lyubertsy Vocational School No. XXUMX and at the evening school for working youth. After graduating from college with honors in 10, he left it as a trained molder. But the thirst for knowledge was not quenched, after the completion of the school that same year, Yuri Gagarin entered the Saratov Industrial Technical School in the foundry department.
Later, the cosmonaut’s daughter, Elena Gagarin, recalled that her father belonged to a generation of people who didn’t have many opportunities, especially because of the war and the post-war period, so he always tried to make up for it, was interested in everything, was very curious, liked to learn. According to Elena Garanina, Yuri Alekseevich has been interested in history and literature all his life. From childhood, she remembered the story of how her father drove daughters to the Borodino battlefield and told them the story of the battle, surprising with interesting details the battles of Napoleon and Kutuzov’s armies. Gagarin loved poetry, knew Pushkin well, as well as poetry associated with the war, for example, Tvardovsky’s poems. Literature, he loved different and Russian classics, and works of Saint-Exupery. For example, the famous French author liked the novel “Night Flight”.
Surprisingly, for the first time since aviation Yuri Gagarin came into close contact only in 1954, when in October he came to the Saratov flying club at DOSAAF. Next year, the novice pilot achieves significant success in a new field for himself, which indicates his excellent learning ability and openness to the perception of new information. In 1955, the future astronaut performs the first independent flight on a training aircraft Yak-18. Here at the Dubka airport (a sports airport in the city of Saratov), he performs his first parachute jump in his life, this happened on March 14, 1955, so he mastered the course not only in flight, but also in parachute training. In the summer of the same year, he graduated with honors from the Saratov Industrial College, and in the fall he completed his studies at the flying club with a general graduation mark “excellent” (Grades at the end of training: engine - “excellent”, material part of the aircraft - “excellent”, aerodynamics - “ excellent "; airplane navigation" excellent ").
It is not surprising that with such assessments and successes in piloting, Yuri Gagarin was identified in October 1955 after being recruited into Chkalov (today Orenburg), where he became a cadet of the 1 Second Military Aviation School for Pilots. KE Voroshilov. The aviation school, as well as his studies at the DOSSAF flying club, Gagarin graduated with honors and here you can recall the story of his growth. Remembering the first cosmonaut of the Earth, his smile always pops up in his head, which captivated the whole world, but in order to have a better idea of Yuri Gagarin, one must also remember that he was a small man. By today's standards, he was small, the growth of an astronaut did not exceed 165 cm, but for men whose childhood was in the war and the first post-war years, this was not something out of the ordinary.
At least one interesting story is connected with the growth of Yuri Gagarin. In the flight school in Chkalov, the pilot coped well with many disciplines, the cadet was in good standing and the teachers recorded his progress and an excellent level of academic performance. However, one element was given to Yuri with difficulty, he had problems with competent landing of the aircraft, the aircraft constantly nodding. This story is very fond of mentioning in the Russian mass media, from where it migrated to Wikipedia. It is believed that this problem with the landing could put an end to the career of a pilot, but the head of the school just noticed that the cadet Gagarin is notable for his small stature. From this he made the conclusion that a small increase leads to a change in the angle of view from the cockpit and changes the pilot's perception and sense of the approaching land. Therefore, Gagarin was recommended to fly with a thick lining, which would increase his growth and increase visibility from the cockpit, this eventually paid off, and Yuri Alekseevich graduated from college with honors. True or beautiful bike is very difficult to say today, but it is absolutely possible to say that for an astronaut a small increase was not a problem, but a necessity, and here he was useful to Gagarin for all 100 percent, becoming his dignity.
At the dawn of manned cosmonautics in the Soviet Union there were quite stringent requirements for astronauts, including growth that could not exceed 170. Later, the requirements changed and gradually more people started to be sent into space, but at the beginning of 1960. put forward just such a requirement. However, even now, putting extra centimeters or grams of payload into orbit is not an easy task, let alone the first stage of space exploration. At the same time, Yuri Gagarin fully satisfied the commission, which conducted the selection of candidates for the first cosmonaut corps.
Moreover, a small increase did not prevent Gagarin from playing basketball and volleyball and loving these games. While still studying at a vocational school, he received the TRP badge without any problems, having passed all the necessary standards. Yuri even managed to become a local record holder. In the school's Olympics held in 1951, he ran a hundred meters in 12,8 seconds, improving his own achievement during the 4 relay in 100 meters, when he ran his stage in 12,4 seconds. The fact that Yuri Gagarin was fond of different kinds of sports and, in general, was a very athletic person, we can judge by the numerous photographs that have come down to us that everyone knows. For example, the famous picture, where he stands with dumbbells on the balcony of his house, or photographs, where he rides water skiing, even in the general picture of the first detachment of Soviet cosmonauts, Yuri stands with a tennis racket in his hands.
Sport occupied a big place in his life. In basketball, a low point guard even managed to get the first adult level. According to the memoirs of cosmonaut Elena Gagarina’s daughter, her father adored basketball and understood this game well. He was the team captain and talented playmaker in his student years, at one time he even participated in the training sessions of the CSKA basketball team, was a friend of the legendary Alexander Gomelsky. Among sportsmen and basketball players there was even a kind of joke (with a great deal of truth) that YNG Gagarin’s 12 on April 1961 of April became the world's most famous basketball player overnight.
Water skis and Gagarin is also a whole separate story. Yuri Alekseevich became one of the first people in the USSR who were seriously carried away by this new, exotic at that time and in some way extreme sport - water skiing. Many times the famous astronaut overcame the path from Yalta to Alushta on water skis in about 1,5 hours, while the average speed on the water surface was under 100 km / h. Already after the first flight into space, Yury Gagrin put a lot of effort into creating the All-Union Water Sports Federation in the Soviet Union, the idea of which was not supported by many sports leaders and was perceived as “bourgeois sop”, but they resist world celebrity and Gagarin charm failed.
No one will argue with the fact that Yuri Gagarin was a very brave man. Other people just do not go to learn from the pilot, do not jump with a parachute, and certainly do not fly into space. Even now in a manned space program there is always a risk factor, and at the dawn of this era it was a very dangerous task that required tremendous courage. The astronaut himself understood this perfectly well, who, just in case, wrote a touching letter to his wife and daughters just in case. The cosmonaut's wife, Valentina Ivanovna, received this message only 7 years after the death of her husband in a plane crash. Yuri Gagarin himself, like Sergei Korolev, perfectly understood the risk with which the first flight was associated.
And in fact, the first manned space flight of 12 on April 1961 of the year was accompanied by a variety of technical problems, during the flight at least 10 abnormal situations occurred and any of them could lead to a tragedy, starting with the launch into an off-design orbit (85 km higher than planned) and ending with troubles during landing (off-design point, problems with the valve of an airtight suit, which had to be opened to switch to breathing with atmospheric air, etc.). Separately, it is possible to single out the overload that the astronaut experienced in the descent vehicle, it reached 12 g, for the time being Gagarin almost lost consciousness, his eyes began to turn gray, and the readings of the instruments began to blur. However, the pilot coped with all abnormal situations, remained alive, and his flight forever entered the history as the first manned flight into space. Whether such a person could accomplish without uncommon courage, of course not.
Much can be said about the first cosmonaut and the clinical and psychological characteristics that were compiled in the first cosmonaut detachment. Experts identified high noise immunity, responsiveness and ability to navigate in a new environment, the ability to maintain composure. When conducting research, the ability to relax was revealed even during the smallest pauses, Yuri Gagarin could quickly fall asleep and then wake up at a specified time without using an alarm clock. This was later reported in numerous interviews by the daughter of the first cosmonaut. According to Elena Gagarina, the father could come after work tired, tell his family that he would sleep 40 minutes, and sleep exactly 40 minutes, after which he would go up to the minute. The peculiarities of the character of the first cosmonaut also included a sense of humor, a penchant for jokes and good nature. Curiosity, thoughtfulness, cheerfulness, and self-confidence were distinguished from his character traits. It is difficult to argue with this, looking today at the photos of the first astronaut.
For us, Yuri Gagarin will forever remain a fearless space explorer, inquisitive, aspiring to knowledge, well physically trained, keen on various kinds of sports, but most importantly a kind, sincere and in every sense radiant person, a person whose smile is today familiar to millions of people around the world .
Based on materials from open sources
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