The thought of the modern working class (part of 4)
All governments suffer
from the same insoluble problem:
power attracts pathological personalities.
Not that power corrupts, no, but it attracts,
like a magnet, people already prone to decomposition.
Suspect anyone looking for power!
We must give power only to those
who stubbornly refuses it, and on such terms
which further reinforce this reluctance.
F. Herbert, “Dune Chapter”
from the same insoluble problem:
power attracts pathological personalities.
Not that power corrupts, no, but it attracts,
like a magnet, people already prone to decomposition.
Suspect anyone looking for power!
We must give power only to those
who stubbornly refuses it, and on such terms
which further reinforce this reluctance.
F. Herbert, “Dune Chapter”
So, what do we now have as a conclusion from the three previous articles? We have something that the Italian sociologist Wilfredo Pareto paid attention to and that V.I. Lenin in detail confirmed with his works the end of 19 - the beginning of 20 centuries. There is an elite and a plebs. And this elite lives at the expense of the plebs! But then ... Lenin, following Marx, thought that it was all about property. Some have it, others have none. However, it would be more correct to look at it differently: it is much more important that the plebs, due to the fact that he works hard, have far less opportunities to gain knowledge. And without knowledge, he cannot achieve ownership. Those plebeians, who for some reason overcame this “information barrier”, had every chance of getting settled in life very well. That's just the strength for it was enough only for some.
All times were irresponsible under any system. They were among the workers of the USSR - the “militant vanguard of the world revolutionary movement”. The only question is: how many such people there were as a percentage of the “highly responsible”. Theoretically, the answer is known in advance - 20% and 80%. Another question, what was the degree of responsibility of "responsible"!
Further ... By itself, the elite is also heterogeneous, as is the plebs below. There is a ruling elite and not ruling. Ruling - "higher" have access to information and property. "Not ruling" - "medium", have knowledge, but do not have property. However, they are equal knowledge. And the average at any time can replace the higher ones. And they replace ... Little by little ... But they can immediately, if the lower ones come to the rescue. That's all, the scheme, as you can see, is very simple. Who controls the information, he controls the world!
Here there were two materials in which it was told about the theory of Lasswell. One of its important components is the concept of "white noise", which interferes with receiving and assimilating information. Example: I want to read Lenin's work “The Development of Capitalism in Russia”, and my head is fresh in the morning, but you have to go to work, feed your family. In the evening, “the head is tired,” “I want to relax,” then “Our Russia” and I want to “neighing,” then ... my wife ... and sleep. It remains Sunday ... But then the cottage, fishing, again, "suck on beer with friends." And all - the work will remain unread!
And this is again a photocopy of my unique notebook of the lecturer of the RK CPSU. Year - 1983. The next visit of the lecturer of the Central Committee of the CPSU, and I sit in the "round hall" of the Penza OK CPSU and write down ... Then the announcement about the competition of toys was pasted. From these notes you can learn that in the USSR every tenth young man was freed from the army for health reasons. What here in the Kuznetsk district of the Penza region was 12 thous. Machine operators, and it became 14 !!! But this is the most entertaining record: until 1995, the reduction in the growth of labor will continue! And one person will have to work for two. And here we were also dictated to the MAIN CONTRADICTIONS OF SOCIALISM, about which it was possible to tell the working people - between the increased opportunities of our society and their use. That is, nothing prevented the production of jeans and tampons "tampax" is not worse than American, but they were not made. But below is circled another block of information: losses due to drunkenness of workers. Cool "hegemon" by the collar poured, cool ...
In graduate school I wrote my dissertation in one year. But my head, Medvedev Alexey Ivanovich, did not let me go to my defense. Motivating it with the fact that ... "you simply will never have time to just sit and think!" And so I sat on the finished dissertation (yes, improving it and updating) for another two years, but I wrote a couple more during this time books, a bunch of articles and spent a whole bunch of TV shows. And I thought! Read, worked in the archives and thought. Constantly, because what else was there to do alone in the room, with no one sometimes for weeks without talking ?! Then it never failed ...
Well, now let's forget for a while about the events that took place after the October Revolution (we will return to them later), and again look at the statistics of today and see how Lenin looked at what time he was the working class of Russia today - after all, we are thinking about it in the same way, are we not? What is its social appearance at the turn of the 20 and 21 centuries? Does he have the right to be called hegemon in our Fatherland, or has he lost it long ago, or maybe he didn’t have it at all? Let's look at the figures of the State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation - “Russian Statistical Yearbook. 2000 ”because it is an authoritative and accessible to all (that is, verifiable) edition.
Well, you will need to start with such a “thing” as the dynamics of the total population of the country. At the beginning of the 1992 of the year and the transition to a market economy (capitalist restoration - you can say so, why produce unnecessary euphemisms, here, so to speak, “all your own”) employed by socially useful labor was 71 068 thousand people. This is 94,8% active labor population. There were unemployed: 0,77%. Then, over the year, the number of employed fell by almost 2,5 million, but the number of unemployed increased: 1,15%. Although it is clear that these are only those who have registered with the employment authorities.
Russia entered 1997 the year, having 60021 thou. Thousand working Russians. The number of people employed in the economy fell by 11 million. The official unemployed were already 2 million. In 1998, the Goskomstat of the Russian Federation, soon after the default, conducted a study that showed that the number of people employed in the economy dropped another 2,2 million. The “Board” S. Kiriyenko gave us the lowest employment rate: 57860 thousand citizens or 86,7% of the number of economically active citizens country.
But these pages show that then our magazines “Political Agitator” wrote about “bad” Americans and “Voice of America”. I was too lazy to rewrite all this, and I cut out pieces of text and pasted in this book. About the tank "NO" cut from the "Technology-youth." Immediately there are the postgraduate phone numbers in Kuibyshev and the Kuibyshev television center, where from 1985 to 1988 the year I conducted 30-minute TV shows for schoolchildren “School Country Workshop”.
Interestingly, the statistics do not take into account the number of people in the elite. In the cited reference book, only heads of any level are indicated - from Putin and Chubais to the head of the housing and utilities sector. We had 2864 thousand people. So a huge number of businessmen simply did not get here. Again, a personal example. Working in high school, I published my own journal, which, due to the insignificant circulation, was not registered anywhere. The magazine had a company in the Cayman Islands, but ... it was not, as it were, because these islands are an offshore zone. In 1998, when we were not paid a salary for three months at the university, I got a job as a regional representative of the British company Swenson and Brown and the Russian-British Y. Kay Intertois and wagons drove to Penza ... toys from England, China and hong kong. Naturally, this activity was not reflected in any documents. That is, the business was, and as if it was not. And everything was according to the law. Formally, he was not broken! But then ... conditions have changed, and age has made itself felt. And I'm sick of it all. There were other forms ... But - here it is - the dignity of the "medium" ("not the governing elite"). It will be necessary to manage the company at the level of "higher" ("governing elite"), but not a question, there is experience ... Just now it became too lazy to strain!
Now look at the number and social structure. There is such a concept (not quite true in my opinion) as a “skilled worker”. Let me explain why I consider it wrong. Mentality is more important than professional skills. Turner can be qualified, but live in the village and work in the MTS. Another is to be a turner at the Penza bicycle factory and a third-generation city dweller. Is there a difference in attitudes, goal setting and perception of the world around you? There is an essential! And where is his labor skills?
So, using the above-mentioned reference book, it is not difficult to make such a calculation: the 21 018 were thousands of skilled workers; unqualified - 8363 thousand people .; workers housing and communal services, advertising services, television studios, etc. another 510 thousand. That is a total 29 891 one thousand.
But there is one subtlety. Even the Soviet statistics from the 70-s of the last century began to record in the number of working salesmen, cooks, porters, etc. It seems to be correct: after all, they are working hard and busy not with intellectual, but with physical executive labor of varying degrees of severity. Do women remember the sleeper women wearing orange vests? Here they are also included in this number, increasing, so to speak, the quantitative composition of the "hegemons" in the USSR. Moreover, it should be noted that, for example, intellectual power operators have hardly much more intellectual efforts than these workers. Nobody will eat over-salted soup. The bread rolled into the mud too, so that the measure of responsibility of their efforts is often equal intellectually, although it is socially different. But, nevertheless, they are in different social strata of the population. It is hardly impractical to attribute them to employees: after all, it is in their hands that the exchange value really turns into consumer value. But even though this is true, simple everyday experience does not give us the right 3 964 thousand vendors, product and clothing demonstrators (“pants turn, pants turn…), and model artists and models from art schools belong to the working class. That is, yes, objectively, they are plebs, proletarians, hired exploited "Trudoviks". But whether they are workers in the traditional, Leninist sense of the word - this is still the question.
Based on the foregoing, the quantitative measure of the size of the working class in Russia can be defined approximately in 30 million people. That is about 40% of its economically active population, and, accordingly, 46-47% of Russians employed in the economy today. So it’s foolish to say that there is no proletariat left in Russia today.
Although if you think about it, then the figure of 30 million cannot be absolute. Take, for example, the industrial working class. You can also learn about the dynamics of its number again from the data of the State Statistics Committee. And there were almost 80 million such people in the Russian Federation at the end of the 19s. In 1991, already 16,37 million. And it’s not at all to blame Robots “those who ate people”, but ... cooperatives, in which 1991 million people worked in 3,5 (including, also, part-time workers). That is, today approximately 10 million people can be attributed to the number of the industrial proletariat, no more - and this is a third of all wage workers in Russia. Most of which are still engaged today mainly in physical labor. For comparison, it should be noted that in 1990, industrial workers accounted for 37,75% of the entire working class. This should not be surprising. Large factories closed, but small bakeries remained. That's all!
State statistics also confirms this. By 2000, industrial output in Russia was 49,94% of the year’s 1990 level. The volume of freight traffic of public transport by the beginning of 2000 of the year was equal to 56,4% compared to the figures of 1990 of the year. Over the same period, passenger traffic fell to 54,61%. And so in everything! That is, the working class in Russia declined in 90-s by about 13 million people or 1,4 times. Well, the “industrial working class” has become smaller by 7 million.
There are two interesting blocks of information today: on the left about the sale of alcohol in the Penza region, and on the right about the number of drug addicts in the USSR. Only now I digress and did not write down for sure - this is the real number or only those addicts that are taken into account, that’s why there is a question mark. And it was inconvenient to ask again - he was sitting very far away. Therefore, I remember, I did not use this information. But he used the other: today there are entire 100 communist parties in the world. A legitimate reason for pride !!! Well, the number of drawn daggers suggests that sometimes listening to a lecture was very, very boring!
“Funny,” given the general trend towards the use of complex technology, the development of an industrial society, Roskomstat data suggests that, for example, in 1997 - 1999 the number of “workers in the metalworking and engineering industry”, “drivers and machinists of mobile equipment”, “ operators, apparatchiks, machinists and mechanics of stationary equipment assemblers ”declined, while the number of unskilled workers with“ professions common to all sectors of the economy ”increased. That is, the number of people who cannot get an education and who have difficulty accessing information continues to grow. In a sense, this is the normal state of affairs. ” "In many ways there is much sadness to knowledge." Ox is not complex because he is an ox. Ox, well, thank God. Would you know? Would it make his life easier? Hardly ... But this is one point of view. And there is another: in the post-industrial society, "loaders" have nothing to do. We want to have a developed, dominant society on the planet - we must attend to the level of informatization of its population. Because society is strong only when “... when the masses know everything, they can judge everything and go to everything consciously” (V.I. Lenin). And they always knew everything about us? Remember the special services of the Lenin Library for the elect ... I remember. And I am glad that now at least there are more opportunities for obtaining information. Who wants, he will find! Another thing, whether it will make him mentality?
Well, since everything is known in comparison, let's compare all these indicators with the data of 1897 and 1913. and ... try to think over all these numbers, and not to read the text of this article from right to left, and then diagonally ...
To be continued ...
- Vyacheslav Shpakovsky
- The thought of the modern working class (part of 1)
The thought of the modern working class (part of 2)
The thought of the modern working class (part of 3)
Information