"Great Purge": the fight against the Ukrainian Nazis
One of the most powerful detachments of the "fifth column" in the USSR was the Ukrainian Nazis. By the beginning of the German invasion of the USSR, they were preparing a powerful uprising, which was supposed to end the Soviet power in the Ukrainian SSR.
In September, 1939, Moscow regained the Western Russian lands, lost after the death of the Russian Empire. They were occupied by Poland. Thanks to Stalin, Ukraine-Little Russia became united, Western Ukraine was annexed to the Ukrainian SSR (Ukrainian SSR). The structure of the USSR included Lviv, Lutsk, Stanislav and Ternopil regions.
In addition, in 1940, in agreement with Romania, which also in 1918, seized a number of territories that were part of Russia, Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina entered the USSR. In 1940, the Northern Bukovina under the name of Chernivtsi region was annexed to Ukraine, and the Akkerman region of the Ukrainian SSR was formed from the southern part of Bessarabia (later Izmail region, in the 1954 it entered the Odessa region).
The process of establishing Soviet power in Western Ukraine was complicated by opposition from the Ukrainian Nazis - the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN). The organization was formed at the congress of Ukrainian nationalists in Vienna in 1929 as a result of the unification of a number of radical Nazi organizations that were based in Poland (Lviv), Czechoslovakia (Prague) and Germany (Berlin). The goal of the nationalists was to create a single Ukrainian state. The OUN acted as an anti-Polish, anti-Soviet and anti-communist organization, so it was used by Western intelligence services in the fight against the USSR. The main method of struggle was terror. There was an organization at the expense of membership fees, direct extortion and robbery, as well as financial and material support of foreign countries interested in the destruction of the USSR. The leader of the organization until 1938 was E. Konovalets. After his murder, OUN was headed by A. Melnik. In 1940 -1941 the organization fell into two parts: the first most radical - the OUN (b) named after the leader Stepan Bandera, the second - the supporters of Melnik, the OUN-solidarista (OUN (c), the Melnikov.
Melnik and his supporters believed that the stake should be placed on Hitler Germany and her plans for a war with the USSR. Melnikovtsy were against the creation of armed forces in Western Ukraine, because they did not see the possibility of success of an armed uprising without external support. Therefore, Miller and his entourage suggested that as many OUN members as possible should be brought to the territory of the General Government (part of Poland occupied by the Germans with the capital in Krakow) to organize the units of Ukrainian nationalists under the Germans and further use them by the Third Reich in "in the struggle against Bolshevism." In the conditions of the war of Germany against the USSR, these units were to become the core of the Allied Wehrmacht "Ukrainian army." To this end, in Krakow, the Ukrainian-German military bureau under the direction of Colonel R. Sushko was formed and conducted an active work. There was formed the Ukrainian Legion. The activists of the OUN who remained in the Ukrainian SSR had to wait in the conditions of deep conspiracy to start a war between the Third Reich and the Soviet Union.
Bandera preferred to rely on his strength, although he did not refuse the help of the Third Reich. The OUN was supposed to prepare and start a guerrilla war regardless of the foreign policy situation. Such an uprising was supposed to shake the foundations of the Soviet regime in Ukraine and give Germany the opportunity to invade the Soviet Union. Therefore, Bandera focused on the preparation of an armed uprising. However, they did not abandon the possibility of forming units of Ukrainian nationalists outside Ukraine, their military training in the General Government. Bandera prevailed in the west of Ukraine and in 1943, under the wing of the Nazis, formed the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA).
On the whole, the struggle between Bandera and Melniki was fought for the right to head the nationalist emigration, and therefore for the future leadership position in the prospective Ukrainian state. Thus, to act as the sole representative of the "Ukrainian movement" and a contender for financial, material and organizational assistance of the Third Reich. Soon the struggle from the political into the criminal one - Bandera and Melniki killed, seized the material resources of each other, etc. In this internecine battle before the beginning of World War II hundreds of militants were killed.
Western Ukraine within the borders of October 3 1939 of the year on the political and administrative map of the USSR March 3 of 1940 of the year
The fight against Bandera
The transition of Western Ukraine to the USSR was unexpected for the nationalist underground. However, the OUN was able to quickly overcome the first confusion and restore the organization. This was facilitated by the fact that the KGB was focused on the elimination of possible Polish resistance (provided state structures, police, army, aristocracy, the big bourgeoisie, etc.) and from the Polish prisons released activists of the OUN who immediately reinforced the underground. At first, Bandera concealed their hostility to the Soviet authorities and tried to disguise themselves and penetrate the new Soviet authorities, the Komsomol, the party and the police. However, in general, this attempt failed and most of the nationalist agents revealed. Then Bandera headed for an armed uprising.
The first attempt to organize an anti-Soviet uprising in Western Ukraine was made by the radicals at the end of the 1939 year. However, the Soviet security officers thwarted her, preemptively arresting the possible fighters for 900. Many OUN activists fled to the territory controlled by the Reich.
At the beginning of 1940, Bandera decided to reinforce the Western Ukrainian underground with personnel. Of the activists who were trained in military affairs and ready for sabotage war, groups (departments) of 5 - 20 people were formed who were supposed to lead the underground and become the basis for the creation of insurgent and sabotage troops on the ground. In January-March, 1940 passed several such groups into Soviet territory. So, in mid-January, a group of 12 militants led by S. Pshenychny crossed the border into Soviet territory from German-occupied Poland in the Kristinopol region near the village of Bendyugi. Violators were unlucky: eight people were killed in a battle with border guards, four were detained later. However, by the spring of 1940, the territory of the USSR was able to penetrate up to 1 by thousands of militants.
At the end of spring - the beginning of 1940, a new uprising was planned against the Soviet authorities in the territory of Western Ukraine. At the beginning of 1940, the Kraków Center (wire) of the OUN began preparations for the uprising. To prepare for the uprising across the border, 60 was secretly transferred to Galicia and Volyn. The first group led by V. Timchii crossed the border in late February, the second group - in early March, the third - 12 March. 24 March The rebel headquarters began to operate in Lviv. For a start, a management system was created: in large cities (Lviv, Stanislav, Ternopil, Lutsk, Drohobych) the chiefs were sent — district guides, each of whom was subject to 3 — 5 interdistrict, in turn, they were subordinated to subdistrict conductors. Each district and district wire consisted of: a chief of staff, an instructor in military training, instructors in intelligence, security, communications, propaganda, and work with young people. The subdistrict organization included 4-5 stanichnyh organizations (in settlements). These organizations were supposed to pick up 40-50 fighters, to organize military training and reconnaissance. The lowest link included 3-5 action movies. According to the OUN in the region there were 5,5 thousand militants and 14 thousand sympathizers.
However, the Soviet state security agencies revealed the plans of the Ukrainian Nazis and delivered a preemptive strike. The most serious operations were carried out in late March - early April in the Lviv, Ternopil, Rivne and Volyn regions. During the mass arrests of suspected insurgents, 658 radicals were arrested. 1939 to June 1940, a large number was seized weapons: 7 grenade launchers, 200 machine guns, 18 thousand rifles, 7 thousand grenades, other weapons and equipment. October 29 1940 was held in Lviv on the 11 trial by the leaders of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists. Ten were sentenced to death, the sentence was executed in February 1941.
It is worth noting that in the spring of 1940, the KGB was unable to crush the Ukrainian "fifth column". Bandera suffered an uprising for the fall of 1940, elected a new leadership, and began active preparations, recruiting new members of the organization. Ounovtsy launched an active nationalist propaganda, prepared the material, technical base and personnel for the uprising. Such slogans as “Ukraine for Ukrainians”, “Samostiina Ukraine” were introduced into the consciousness of OUN members. Nazi Germany was taken as an example of a future "separatist" Ukraine. Conducted special military training for members of the organization in the forests. A large number of various military literature, regulations, manuals and instructions, maps were purchased. Weapons were collected in specially organized caches. Much work has been done on the registration of the officers and soldiers of the Ukrainians, who were planned to be involved in the uprising. The plan of the uprising, the “Mobilization Plan,” was developed, and in August it was sent to all regional, district and peripheral organizations. Intelligence of the OUN was engaged in collecting information on the location of military units, their weapons, the most important military, government and economic facilities. Also, the reconnaissance task was to determine the location of airfields, the number of hangars, airplanes, aircraft systems, the number of firing points, the air defense status, etc. All information obtained was transferred to the Krakow center, and through it to Germany.
The security authorities of the OUN paid great attention to the control over the organization’s members, their circular, bloody bail, vacillating members and possible traitors were brutally murdered. Preparing so-called. “Blacklists” for physical liquidation in the first place, they included workers of the Soviet government, the party, the commanders of the Red Army, the KGB, people who arrived from the eastern regions of the USSR, national minorities (for example, Poles and Jews). They were subject to physical destruction at the very beginning of the uprising. Preparing measures for the formation of so-called. "Siniorata" - persons who shared the nationalist, counter-revolutionary views of the OUN and were supposed to be the core of the future state, political and economic apparatus of the future Ukrainian state.
However, the security officers again preempted the enemy. In August - September, 1940 was destroyed by 96 underground groups and grassroots organizations, 1108 radicals were arrested, among them 107 leaders of various levels. The Chekists seized 43 machine guns, more than 2 thousand rifles, 600 revolvers, 80 thousand cartridges, other weapons and equipment. After that, a series of trials over Ukrainian nationalists took place.
Later, when the myth of the "tyrant of Stalin" and the "bloody terror" was created, Bandera was recorded in the "innocent victims" of the Stalinist regime. Now, this myth dominates in the “independent” Ukraine, where members of the OUN are shown as “national heroes” who fought in the “red plague” and “bloody tyrant”. However, the documents suggest otherwise. In reality, the Ukrainian radicals were preparing an armed uprising against the Soviet regime. to seize power in their own hands and create so-called. "Independent" of the fascist-type Ukrainian state with the principle: "Ukraine for Ukrainians". Given that in reality the Ukrainian ethnos never existed (it exists only in the inflamed heads of Ukrainian nationalists), and all the "Ukrainians" - historically representatives of the southwestern part of the Russian superethnos, Bandera prepared cultural-linguistic, historical and the physical genocide of the vast masses of the Russian population of Ukraine-Little Russia (Little Russia-Russia is a historical part of Russian civilization). In fact, these plans for the total genocide of the Russian people, in the interests of the masters of the West, began to be implemented in Little Russia since 1991, after the collapse of Great Russia (USSR). Currently, Kiev is controlled by a criminal oligarchic-thieves regime that uses the Nazis to fight Russia and eliminate the Russianness of Little Russia-Ukraine. Moreover, it is quite possible that soon the Ukrainian Nazis will become the leading political force in Ukraine, and will establish a full-fledged fascist regime.
In preparing an armed uprising against the Soviet power, the OUN relied not only on its own strength, but on the armed intervention of Nazi Germany. Moreover, the Krakow center of the OUN conducted negotiations with a number of foreign governments on direct intervention against the USSR. Thus, the OUN people acted as a real “fifth column” preparing the collapse of the Soviet civilization with the support of external forces.
Also Bandera acted as Nazis and murderers, preparing for the pogroms and the physical liquidation of representatives of the Soviet government, the Communist Party, the commanders of the Red Army, state security organs, Russian immigrants from other regions of Russia and the USSR, representatives of national minorities - Jews, Poles, etc. In fact, all these plans embodied somewhat later, the Nazis, when they began the invasion of the USSR. Many millions of citizens of the USSR perished at the hands of German Nazis. You can imagine what the Ukrainian Nazis staged, learning from their senior comrades in the Third Reich, if they could seize power in Little Russia.
Thus, the "innocent victims" of Stalinism, Bandera in reality were Nazis, murderers, representatives of the "fifth column", preparing the collapse of the USSR with the aim of creating a "separatist" Ukraine, Ukrainian state "for Ukrainians", which led to the terrible terror and mass genocide of Russians national minorities. The current Ukraine partially represents a possible Ukrainian state under the Bandera rule - the Russian genocide, the extinction of the people, the power of thieves and western masters, economic collapse and civil war, and a grim future (Little Russia).
Parade in Stanislav (Ivano-Frankivsk) in honor of the visit of the Governor-General of Poland Reichsleiter Hans Frank. October 1941 of the year
To be continued ...
In September, 1939, Moscow regained the Western Russian lands, lost after the death of the Russian Empire. They were occupied by Poland. Thanks to Stalin, Ukraine-Little Russia became united, Western Ukraine was annexed to the Ukrainian SSR (Ukrainian SSR). The structure of the USSR included Lviv, Lutsk, Stanislav and Ternopil regions.
In addition, in 1940, in agreement with Romania, which also in 1918, seized a number of territories that were part of Russia, Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina entered the USSR. In 1940, the Northern Bukovina under the name of Chernivtsi region was annexed to Ukraine, and the Akkerman region of the Ukrainian SSR was formed from the southern part of Bessarabia (later Izmail region, in the 1954 it entered the Odessa region).
The process of establishing Soviet power in Western Ukraine was complicated by opposition from the Ukrainian Nazis - the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN). The organization was formed at the congress of Ukrainian nationalists in Vienna in 1929 as a result of the unification of a number of radical Nazi organizations that were based in Poland (Lviv), Czechoslovakia (Prague) and Germany (Berlin). The goal of the nationalists was to create a single Ukrainian state. The OUN acted as an anti-Polish, anti-Soviet and anti-communist organization, so it was used by Western intelligence services in the fight against the USSR. The main method of struggle was terror. There was an organization at the expense of membership fees, direct extortion and robbery, as well as financial and material support of foreign countries interested in the destruction of the USSR. The leader of the organization until 1938 was E. Konovalets. After his murder, OUN was headed by A. Melnik. In 1940 -1941 the organization fell into two parts: the first most radical - the OUN (b) named after the leader Stepan Bandera, the second - the supporters of Melnik, the OUN-solidarista (OUN (c), the Melnikov.
Melnik and his supporters believed that the stake should be placed on Hitler Germany and her plans for a war with the USSR. Melnikovtsy were against the creation of armed forces in Western Ukraine, because they did not see the possibility of success of an armed uprising without external support. Therefore, Miller and his entourage suggested that as many OUN members as possible should be brought to the territory of the General Government (part of Poland occupied by the Germans with the capital in Krakow) to organize the units of Ukrainian nationalists under the Germans and further use them by the Third Reich in "in the struggle against Bolshevism." In the conditions of the war of Germany against the USSR, these units were to become the core of the Allied Wehrmacht "Ukrainian army." To this end, in Krakow, the Ukrainian-German military bureau under the direction of Colonel R. Sushko was formed and conducted an active work. There was formed the Ukrainian Legion. The activists of the OUN who remained in the Ukrainian SSR had to wait in the conditions of deep conspiracy to start a war between the Third Reich and the Soviet Union.
Bandera preferred to rely on his strength, although he did not refuse the help of the Third Reich. The OUN was supposed to prepare and start a guerrilla war regardless of the foreign policy situation. Such an uprising was supposed to shake the foundations of the Soviet regime in Ukraine and give Germany the opportunity to invade the Soviet Union. Therefore, Bandera focused on the preparation of an armed uprising. However, they did not abandon the possibility of forming units of Ukrainian nationalists outside Ukraine, their military training in the General Government. Bandera prevailed in the west of Ukraine and in 1943, under the wing of the Nazis, formed the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA).
On the whole, the struggle between Bandera and Melniki was fought for the right to head the nationalist emigration, and therefore for the future leadership position in the prospective Ukrainian state. Thus, to act as the sole representative of the "Ukrainian movement" and a contender for financial, material and organizational assistance of the Third Reich. Soon the struggle from the political into the criminal one - Bandera and Melniki killed, seized the material resources of each other, etc. In this internecine battle before the beginning of World War II hundreds of militants were killed.
Western Ukraine within the borders of October 3 1939 of the year on the political and administrative map of the USSR March 3 of 1940 of the year
The fight against Bandera
The transition of Western Ukraine to the USSR was unexpected for the nationalist underground. However, the OUN was able to quickly overcome the first confusion and restore the organization. This was facilitated by the fact that the KGB was focused on the elimination of possible Polish resistance (provided state structures, police, army, aristocracy, the big bourgeoisie, etc.) and from the Polish prisons released activists of the OUN who immediately reinforced the underground. At first, Bandera concealed their hostility to the Soviet authorities and tried to disguise themselves and penetrate the new Soviet authorities, the Komsomol, the party and the police. However, in general, this attempt failed and most of the nationalist agents revealed. Then Bandera headed for an armed uprising.
The first attempt to organize an anti-Soviet uprising in Western Ukraine was made by the radicals at the end of the 1939 year. However, the Soviet security officers thwarted her, preemptively arresting the possible fighters for 900. Many OUN activists fled to the territory controlled by the Reich.
At the beginning of 1940, Bandera decided to reinforce the Western Ukrainian underground with personnel. Of the activists who were trained in military affairs and ready for sabotage war, groups (departments) of 5 - 20 people were formed who were supposed to lead the underground and become the basis for the creation of insurgent and sabotage troops on the ground. In January-March, 1940 passed several such groups into Soviet territory. So, in mid-January, a group of 12 militants led by S. Pshenychny crossed the border into Soviet territory from German-occupied Poland in the Kristinopol region near the village of Bendyugi. Violators were unlucky: eight people were killed in a battle with border guards, four were detained later. However, by the spring of 1940, the territory of the USSR was able to penetrate up to 1 by thousands of militants.
At the end of spring - the beginning of 1940, a new uprising was planned against the Soviet authorities in the territory of Western Ukraine. At the beginning of 1940, the Kraków Center (wire) of the OUN began preparations for the uprising. To prepare for the uprising across the border, 60 was secretly transferred to Galicia and Volyn. The first group led by V. Timchii crossed the border in late February, the second group - in early March, the third - 12 March. 24 March The rebel headquarters began to operate in Lviv. For a start, a management system was created: in large cities (Lviv, Stanislav, Ternopil, Lutsk, Drohobych) the chiefs were sent — district guides, each of whom was subject to 3 — 5 interdistrict, in turn, they were subordinated to subdistrict conductors. Each district and district wire consisted of: a chief of staff, an instructor in military training, instructors in intelligence, security, communications, propaganda, and work with young people. The subdistrict organization included 4-5 stanichnyh organizations (in settlements). These organizations were supposed to pick up 40-50 fighters, to organize military training and reconnaissance. The lowest link included 3-5 action movies. According to the OUN in the region there were 5,5 thousand militants and 14 thousand sympathizers.
However, the Soviet state security agencies revealed the plans of the Ukrainian Nazis and delivered a preemptive strike. The most serious operations were carried out in late March - early April in the Lviv, Ternopil, Rivne and Volyn regions. During the mass arrests of suspected insurgents, 658 radicals were arrested. 1939 to June 1940, a large number was seized weapons: 7 grenade launchers, 200 machine guns, 18 thousand rifles, 7 thousand grenades, other weapons and equipment. October 29 1940 was held in Lviv on the 11 trial by the leaders of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists. Ten were sentenced to death, the sentence was executed in February 1941.
It is worth noting that in the spring of 1940, the KGB was unable to crush the Ukrainian "fifth column". Bandera suffered an uprising for the fall of 1940, elected a new leadership, and began active preparations, recruiting new members of the organization. Ounovtsy launched an active nationalist propaganda, prepared the material, technical base and personnel for the uprising. Such slogans as “Ukraine for Ukrainians”, “Samostiina Ukraine” were introduced into the consciousness of OUN members. Nazi Germany was taken as an example of a future "separatist" Ukraine. Conducted special military training for members of the organization in the forests. A large number of various military literature, regulations, manuals and instructions, maps were purchased. Weapons were collected in specially organized caches. Much work has been done on the registration of the officers and soldiers of the Ukrainians, who were planned to be involved in the uprising. The plan of the uprising, the “Mobilization Plan,” was developed, and in August it was sent to all regional, district and peripheral organizations. Intelligence of the OUN was engaged in collecting information on the location of military units, their weapons, the most important military, government and economic facilities. Also, the reconnaissance task was to determine the location of airfields, the number of hangars, airplanes, aircraft systems, the number of firing points, the air defense status, etc. All information obtained was transferred to the Krakow center, and through it to Germany.
The security authorities of the OUN paid great attention to the control over the organization’s members, their circular, bloody bail, vacillating members and possible traitors were brutally murdered. Preparing so-called. “Blacklists” for physical liquidation in the first place, they included workers of the Soviet government, the party, the commanders of the Red Army, the KGB, people who arrived from the eastern regions of the USSR, national minorities (for example, Poles and Jews). They were subject to physical destruction at the very beginning of the uprising. Preparing measures for the formation of so-called. "Siniorata" - persons who shared the nationalist, counter-revolutionary views of the OUN and were supposed to be the core of the future state, political and economic apparatus of the future Ukrainian state.
However, the security officers again preempted the enemy. In August - September, 1940 was destroyed by 96 underground groups and grassroots organizations, 1108 radicals were arrested, among them 107 leaders of various levels. The Chekists seized 43 machine guns, more than 2 thousand rifles, 600 revolvers, 80 thousand cartridges, other weapons and equipment. After that, a series of trials over Ukrainian nationalists took place.
Later, when the myth of the "tyrant of Stalin" and the "bloody terror" was created, Bandera was recorded in the "innocent victims" of the Stalinist regime. Now, this myth dominates in the “independent” Ukraine, where members of the OUN are shown as “national heroes” who fought in the “red plague” and “bloody tyrant”. However, the documents suggest otherwise. In reality, the Ukrainian radicals were preparing an armed uprising against the Soviet regime. to seize power in their own hands and create so-called. "Independent" of the fascist-type Ukrainian state with the principle: "Ukraine for Ukrainians". Given that in reality the Ukrainian ethnos never existed (it exists only in the inflamed heads of Ukrainian nationalists), and all the "Ukrainians" - historically representatives of the southwestern part of the Russian superethnos, Bandera prepared cultural-linguistic, historical and the physical genocide of the vast masses of the Russian population of Ukraine-Little Russia (Little Russia-Russia is a historical part of Russian civilization). In fact, these plans for the total genocide of the Russian people, in the interests of the masters of the West, began to be implemented in Little Russia since 1991, after the collapse of Great Russia (USSR). Currently, Kiev is controlled by a criminal oligarchic-thieves regime that uses the Nazis to fight Russia and eliminate the Russianness of Little Russia-Ukraine. Moreover, it is quite possible that soon the Ukrainian Nazis will become the leading political force in Ukraine, and will establish a full-fledged fascist regime.
In preparing an armed uprising against the Soviet power, the OUN relied not only on its own strength, but on the armed intervention of Nazi Germany. Moreover, the Krakow center of the OUN conducted negotiations with a number of foreign governments on direct intervention against the USSR. Thus, the OUN people acted as a real “fifth column” preparing the collapse of the Soviet civilization with the support of external forces.
Also Bandera acted as Nazis and murderers, preparing for the pogroms and the physical liquidation of representatives of the Soviet government, the Communist Party, the commanders of the Red Army, state security organs, Russian immigrants from other regions of Russia and the USSR, representatives of national minorities - Jews, Poles, etc. In fact, all these plans embodied somewhat later, the Nazis, when they began the invasion of the USSR. Many millions of citizens of the USSR perished at the hands of German Nazis. You can imagine what the Ukrainian Nazis staged, learning from their senior comrades in the Third Reich, if they could seize power in Little Russia.
Thus, the "innocent victims" of Stalinism, Bandera in reality were Nazis, murderers, representatives of the "fifth column", preparing the collapse of the USSR with the aim of creating a "separatist" Ukraine, Ukrainian state "for Ukrainians", which led to the terrible terror and mass genocide of Russians national minorities. The current Ukraine partially represents a possible Ukrainian state under the Bandera rule - the Russian genocide, the extinction of the people, the power of thieves and western masters, economic collapse and civil war, and a grim future (Little Russia).
Parade in Stanislav (Ivano-Frankivsk) in honor of the visit of the Governor-General of Poland Reichsleiter Hans Frank. October 1941 of the year
To be continued ...
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