Red girls with the order on the blouse. Part of 2
It must be admitted that the distribution of red banner women as belonging to one or another type of military activity turned out to be a daunting task. During the years of civil war, the front-line workers, due to official necessity, repeatedly changed the scope of their activities. Nurses became fighters, nurses switched to political work, ordinary Red Army soldiers went into reconnaissance and other military service places. To the extent possible, when this could be confirmed by documents and facts, we carried out the distribution of women order bearers into several categories. The basis was taken of their positions indicated in the award in the list of 1926 of the year and in the order to the 10 anniversary of the Red Army from February 1928 of the year.
Immediately, we note that these lists, even after almost a century, remain not fully verified. The reasons for this are different, but among them there is one that objectively complicates the work on identifying the personalities of women soldiers who were awarded the Order of the Red Banner for their heroic deeds and differences during the civil war. Historians, local historians and other researchers periodically identify facts when female workers and peasant women enrolled in the Red Army under male names. There were many such cases during the 1 World War I, but then there was a ban on the service of women in the army. After October, 1917 was equaled in rights with men, thereby removing all restrictions and prohibitions regarding military service. However, such facts are known. For example, the case of E. A. Osadcha, who voluntarily enrolled in the Red Army under the name of Ivan Gerasimovich Khaustov. She served as a Red Army man in the 209 Rifle Regiment. Bravely fought, bravely endured the front service. Moreover, 15 July 1919, in a heavy battle near the village of Uzbekovo, she showed courage and distinguished herself in a fight with the enemy. For a perfect feat, a woman under the male name of Ivan Khaustov was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. Of course, these were rare cases compared to the 1 World War I, but they did occur. Nevertheless, we have identified several clusters that, in our opinion, allow us to distribute the women of the Red Banner in the main areas of their military service during the civil war.
To the aid of the wounded Red Army man
Famous activist of the Russian and international women's movement A.M. Kollontai considered: “Organized participation in military affairs was only accepted by women workers and peasant women in the Soviet Republic from the end of 18 onwards.” Since November 1919, red sisters appeared at the front, having completed special courses of the People's Commissariat of Health. In the same year, 1264 was trained, and a year later, 2 442 nurses were women in the Red Army ranks.
It was not by chance that the first female soldier, who was awarded the highest mark of distinction of the RSFSR, was a nurse Daria Krzhanovskaya. She fought in the 37 Cavalry Regiment, which, as part of the 7 Cavalry Division, in the summer of 1919, fought fierce battles in the Lower Volga region near the approaches to Astrakhan. Under the continuous fire of the enemy, Daria was directly on the front line, where she tied up wounded soldiers and carried them out of the battlefield. For the courage and salvation of the many lives of wounded Red Army men, she was awarded the Order of the Red Banner in 1919.
In 1924, the newspaper “Krasnaya Zvezda”, under the heading “A country must know its heroes,” published a portrait and an article about the Order of the Red Banner of the Order of the Red Banner Firkovskaya E.I. In July, 1920 helped save the 1 Conarmia transports from Brody from the White Fields. Entered the Red Army as the sister of mercy of the 21 regiment of the Petrograd Division and fought as part of the 1 conarmy. After a severe concussion near Lvov, she was hospitalized. For military distinctions and courage in battle, she was awarded the Order of the Red Banner in 1923.
Nearly 40 years after the end of the civil war, Z. Igumnova wrote that there was almost no exact information about the number of nurses and orderly personnel prepared for the front. The movement was massive. According to some reports, more than 6 000 women have graduated from the Red Sisters courses. In all, by November 1, 1920 of the year in the ranks of the Red Army, - as noted in her book A.P. Rich, there were 10 830 nurses. The total number of medical personnel in the army A. P. Rich in an article in the journal Kommunistka estimated as of August 1920 in 20099 people.
Front-line health workers daily risked their lives on the front lines. The sister of mercy of the dressing squad, Elizaveta Kido, was awarded the Order of the Red Banner because, constantly in chains with the Red Army, she was fearlessly performing her duty, assisting the wounded in the most dangerous places of the battle. In the battle of 22 March1919, near the village of Simula, the nurse herself was seriously injured. The nurse of the 522 Infantry Regiment Susanna Voinich 21 March 1920 of the battle near Novgorod-Volynsky, being under strong gun, machine-gun and rifle fire of the enemy, selflessly provided the Red Army men with medical assistance at the battlefield, until she was killed by the detachment. . For her heroism and selflessness she was presented with the highest sign of proletarian distinction.
Vera Vera served as a junior doctor of the dressing unit of the 3-th Reserve Rifle Regiment. Received an order for October 27 1919, on its own initiative, put forward its detachment-volunteer in the village of Kupriyanovka, which was shelled by the enemy, where, according to information received, there were many wounded red fighters in need of medical care. There she worked for 24 hours under the machine-gun and rifle fire of the enemy, constantly risking her life, since the building where the medical fleet was housed was literally riddled with white Guards' bullets.
The Kommunistka magazine in 1922 wrote about the battletrack of the Order of the Red Banner of the Order of Zinaida Patrikeeva. In 1918, she joined the Red Army as a nurse in Ekaterinoslav. Then she graduated from the sisters of mercy's 3 monthly course and was sent to the 61 regiment of the 1 th Army. In 1920, a horse was killed in a battle with the Poles under her, and she herself was wounded by a shell fragment, but remained in the ranks. After another serious injury, I went to the hospital. She returned to service, but under Rovno she was again wounded in the right arm, although she remained in the ranks again, continuing to dress the wounded Red Army men. Once during a night battle, the machine-gun team ran out of machine-gun belts. She, not paying attention to the wounds, rode off in a wagon train and delivered ammunition in time. Part went on the offensive and rejected the enemy. “I had no idea that I committed revolutionary exploits. - told the heroine later. “After all, everything that I did was my simple duty.” For the differences and courage in the battles, she was awarded the first Soviet order.
Maria Yeremeeva, a nurse in the flying mail squadron of the 4 Cavalry Division, fought no less valiantly. The order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic was said about its exceptional courage and dedication in the battles on the Polish and Wrangel fronts. She particularly distinguished herself in the battle under the stanitsa of Alekseevskaya. And another red sister, Olga Yasinskaya from the 19 Cavalry Regiment, showed courage and dedication in the battle under Vygodonka station in the year 1920. Talk about the brave female health workers of the fire years of the Civil War can be long. In addition to performing their direct functions, they often had to take weapon and rank among the Red Army men. In total, as of October 1926, the Red Banner of the RSFSR was awarded 19 military servicemen from among the medical workers who distinguished themselves on the fronts of the civil war. Among them were 2 doctor, 3 medicinal assistant (lekpoma), paramedic, and the rest - red sisters of mercy. Their exploits were described in the military press and were widely propagandized. For example, the newspaper “Red Cavalier” 31 of August 1920 of the year in the article “The heroine of a nurse” told about the feat of the nurse of the 5 squadron of the 19 group of the 4 Cavalry Division of the Taisia Plotnikova.
Woman with a rifle in the army ranks
Compared to the total number of women in the Red Army, which during the civil war (according to various sources) varied from about 60 to 75 thousand, the number of women fighters and commanders is relatively small. And this is understandable, since war is not a woman’s business. Nevertheless, women fought on the front line, on a par with the Red Army men. At the same time, 11 female servicemen from combatant units were awarded for their heroism in battles against the enemies of the republic with the highest award — the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSRR.
The first were awarded the highest distinction Rostovtseva Nina Nikolaevna and Pavlina Ivanovna Kuznetsova. The 149 Red Army soldier, and then the machine gunner of the 72 Infantry Regiment Nina Rostovtseva 16 December 1919, in a critical battlefield, independently assumed enormous responsibility and deadly risk. When the enemy blocked the way for our departing units, she, conscious of the hopeless position of her comrades in arms and the threat of their surroundings, rolled out her machine gun to an open position and, despite shelling from the enemy, opened fire on the enemy. With her skillful actions and marksmanship, she forced the enemy machine-gun crew to retreat and thus opened the way for her units. With her heroic act in the conditions of continuous shelling, the machine-gunner Rostovtseva saved many Red Army soldiers from certain death and capture. For her feat she was awarded the Order of the Red Banner in 1920.
The machine gunner of the 35 cavalry regiment of the 1 Cavalry Army Pavlin Kuznetsov was also awarded. Her name was well known to the Budenovs, since the girl managed to prove herself a brave warrior and distinguished herself in many fights. Once, in the village of Nepadivka, Kiev Province, a reconnaissance unit of the regiment was ambushed and surrounded. Death seemed inevitable. And only accurate fire machine guns Peacocks helped the squad escape. On her account there were quite a few such combat episodes, and the enemy went through dozens. By order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR in 1923, the "gunner of the machine gun" Pavlina Kuznetsova was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. Her name is among the best konarmeytsev fighters named S.M. Budyonny in his book "The Path”. As for the order, “to him,” as the commander later recalled, only heroes of the heroes were introduced.
In her memoirs, the order bearer Elena Kuznetsova wrote about front-line episodes in which everything happened. War is a severe test even for men, and even more so for women. She served in the 2 squadron of the 32 th cavalry regiment of the 4 th cavalry brigade. Bravely fought, not just different in difficult situations. In the battles 2 was injured and was contused twice.
Among those awarded the highest sign of proletarian distinction for their heroism on the fronts of the civil war and in connection with the Red Army 10 anniversary were the 9 ordinary Red Army soldiers of various military specialties and the only female commander of the company. Former Red Army soldiers were awarded orders of the Red Banner. Berezhnaya E.A., Verkhozina E.G., Vishnyakova P.I., Glotova-Nikolaeva M.F., Druzilova (Svirtseva) M., Medovnikova G.P. Their exploits are described in the literature. They are devoted to the publication of their fellow-students of local lore. In local museums of local lore and in the halls of Military Glory, stands and separate expositions are devoted to the exploits of women of the red banner. In previous years, they all took an active part in the military-patriotic education of young people, engaged in social work.
For example, the holder of the Order of the Red Banner Lomakova-Kholodova Lina Stepanovna was not a novice in military life. Back in the 1 World War I, she graduated from the nurses' courses and took care of the wounded in the frontline hospitals. After voluntarily joined the Red Army. She served as a nurse, performed reconnaissance tasks. In May, 1918 of the year was in Penza, where she met the White-Czech rebellion with arms. Then he fought in the 1-th Penza Regiment. She was well oriented in a combat situation and knew how to make bold decisions. Bravely participated in the undermining of the enemy armored train. And when their regiment got into the White Guard ambush, it led the soldiers out of the encirclement as a conductor. For her exploits, Lina Stepanovna was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. Then fought in parts of the division under the command of N.A. Shchorsa against White Poles. In the year 1920, while performing the next reconnaissance mission, she was ambushed by the Polish counterintelligence. She was sentenced to death and 2 of the year spent in a Polish prison. Later, she and the other Red Army soldiers were exchanged for Polish prisoners of war.
Women commanders in battles and studies
The only female red commander who was awarded the highest distinction - the Order of the Red Banner, was Ovchinnikova Olga Mitrofanovna. She joined the Red Army voluntarily in March 1918. She quickly showed her courage and ingenuity, readiness for decisive and, at times, desperate acts in a combat situation. The bosses saw in it the makings of a future commander and sent to Moscow on the 6-e Soviet command courses. After a successful semi-annual training, she was appointed commander of the company of the 1 Kazan Infantry Regiment. Then, as an experienced and experienced company commander, she was assigned to the 13 Army as the battalion commander of the 371 Infantry Regiment.
It should be noted that OM Ovchinnikov, in fact, is the only red banner, awarded the highest award for distinctions during his time at the command post. However, there were other female commanders in the army. So, at least 1 women graduated from 3 Moscow Revolutionary Machine Gun School, who were issued by the commanders and instructors of the machine gun industry to the troops. We are talking about graduates A.I. Novikova, E.M. Glaser and E.Ya. Barsky.
Among the women who were in leadership positions in the Red Army, the only woman commander of the armored train, L.G. Mokiyev-Zubok. For her exploits at the front, courage and skillful command, she certainly was worthy of awarding the Order of the Red Banner. However, due to some reasons this did not happen during her, unfortunately, short life. But after the heroic death in battle, she was not awarded a deserved reward. Perhaps because then the posthumous rewarding of heroically killed in battles was not practiced.
Several women soldiers who actively participated in military operations on the fronts of the civil war and showed abilities in military affairs were sent to study at the Military Academy of the Red Army (later - the Military Academy named after MV Frunze). Alexandra Bogat's army service began in June 1919. When units of the Red Army entered Kharkov, she was appointed Commissioner of the Red Cross hospitals. Then it was approved commissioner of health management division. In the post of commissioner for the evacuation of the front line proved to be a good organizer. She took part in the battles against the Makhnovists. Then, in 1922, she was sent to study at the 1 Cavalry School in Moscow. She studied diligently and graduation was awarded a gold watch. She was appointed commander of a platoon in the 19-th cavalcade of the 1-th conarmia. After 2 of the year, she was appointed head of the intelligence of the 21-th regiment. Then 3 school year spent in the walls of the Military Academy of the Red Army. It would seem that the whole life and career ahead. However, after 8 years of service, A.P. Rich had to go to the reserve because of health undermined during the years of the civil war. Among the graduates of the academy of those years were the Knights of the Order of the Red Banner of Flerov - Sakhnovskaya M.F. and Bulle M.O. Together with them, several other female servicemen, A.Z., received higher military education. Vinogradov, A.N. Urvantseva-Levitsky, LA Sevostyanova and M.M. Yankovskaya. In the future, their fate was different, and only the divisional commander M.F. Sakhnovskaya.
Продолжение следует ...
Immediately, we note that these lists, even after almost a century, remain not fully verified. The reasons for this are different, but among them there is one that objectively complicates the work on identifying the personalities of women soldiers who were awarded the Order of the Red Banner for their heroic deeds and differences during the civil war. Historians, local historians and other researchers periodically identify facts when female workers and peasant women enrolled in the Red Army under male names. There were many such cases during the 1 World War I, but then there was a ban on the service of women in the army. After October, 1917 was equaled in rights with men, thereby removing all restrictions and prohibitions regarding military service. However, such facts are known. For example, the case of E. A. Osadcha, who voluntarily enrolled in the Red Army under the name of Ivan Gerasimovich Khaustov. She served as a Red Army man in the 209 Rifle Regiment. Bravely fought, bravely endured the front service. Moreover, 15 July 1919, in a heavy battle near the village of Uzbekovo, she showed courage and distinguished herself in a fight with the enemy. For a perfect feat, a woman under the male name of Ivan Khaustov was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. Of course, these were rare cases compared to the 1 World War I, but they did occur. Nevertheless, we have identified several clusters that, in our opinion, allow us to distribute the women of the Red Banner in the main areas of their military service during the civil war.
To the aid of the wounded Red Army man
Famous activist of the Russian and international women's movement A.M. Kollontai considered: “Organized participation in military affairs was only accepted by women workers and peasant women in the Soviet Republic from the end of 18 onwards.” Since November 1919, red sisters appeared at the front, having completed special courses of the People's Commissariat of Health. In the same year, 1264 was trained, and a year later, 2 442 nurses were women in the Red Army ranks.
It was not by chance that the first female soldier, who was awarded the highest mark of distinction of the RSFSR, was a nurse Daria Krzhanovskaya. She fought in the 37 Cavalry Regiment, which, as part of the 7 Cavalry Division, in the summer of 1919, fought fierce battles in the Lower Volga region near the approaches to Astrakhan. Under the continuous fire of the enemy, Daria was directly on the front line, where she tied up wounded soldiers and carried them out of the battlefield. For the courage and salvation of the many lives of wounded Red Army men, she was awarded the Order of the Red Banner in 1919.
In 1924, the newspaper “Krasnaya Zvezda”, under the heading “A country must know its heroes,” published a portrait and an article about the Order of the Red Banner of the Order of the Red Banner Firkovskaya E.I. In July, 1920 helped save the 1 Conarmia transports from Brody from the White Fields. Entered the Red Army as the sister of mercy of the 21 regiment of the Petrograd Division and fought as part of the 1 conarmy. After a severe concussion near Lvov, she was hospitalized. For military distinctions and courage in battle, she was awarded the Order of the Red Banner in 1923.
Nearly 40 years after the end of the civil war, Z. Igumnova wrote that there was almost no exact information about the number of nurses and orderly personnel prepared for the front. The movement was massive. According to some reports, more than 6 000 women have graduated from the Red Sisters courses. In all, by November 1, 1920 of the year in the ranks of the Red Army, - as noted in her book A.P. Rich, there were 10 830 nurses. The total number of medical personnel in the army A. P. Rich in an article in the journal Kommunistka estimated as of August 1920 in 20099 people.
Front-line health workers daily risked their lives on the front lines. The sister of mercy of the dressing squad, Elizaveta Kido, was awarded the Order of the Red Banner because, constantly in chains with the Red Army, she was fearlessly performing her duty, assisting the wounded in the most dangerous places of the battle. In the battle of 22 March1919, near the village of Simula, the nurse herself was seriously injured. The nurse of the 522 Infantry Regiment Susanna Voinich 21 March 1920 of the battle near Novgorod-Volynsky, being under strong gun, machine-gun and rifle fire of the enemy, selflessly provided the Red Army men with medical assistance at the battlefield, until she was killed by the detachment. . For her heroism and selflessness she was presented with the highest sign of proletarian distinction.
Vera Vera served as a junior doctor of the dressing unit of the 3-th Reserve Rifle Regiment. Received an order for October 27 1919, on its own initiative, put forward its detachment-volunteer in the village of Kupriyanovka, which was shelled by the enemy, where, according to information received, there were many wounded red fighters in need of medical care. There she worked for 24 hours under the machine-gun and rifle fire of the enemy, constantly risking her life, since the building where the medical fleet was housed was literally riddled with white Guards' bullets.
The Kommunistka magazine in 1922 wrote about the battletrack of the Order of the Red Banner of the Order of Zinaida Patrikeeva. In 1918, she joined the Red Army as a nurse in Ekaterinoslav. Then she graduated from the sisters of mercy's 3 monthly course and was sent to the 61 regiment of the 1 th Army. In 1920, a horse was killed in a battle with the Poles under her, and she herself was wounded by a shell fragment, but remained in the ranks. After another serious injury, I went to the hospital. She returned to service, but under Rovno she was again wounded in the right arm, although she remained in the ranks again, continuing to dress the wounded Red Army men. Once during a night battle, the machine-gun team ran out of machine-gun belts. She, not paying attention to the wounds, rode off in a wagon train and delivered ammunition in time. Part went on the offensive and rejected the enemy. “I had no idea that I committed revolutionary exploits. - told the heroine later. “After all, everything that I did was my simple duty.” For the differences and courage in the battles, she was awarded the first Soviet order.
Maria Yeremeeva, a nurse in the flying mail squadron of the 4 Cavalry Division, fought no less valiantly. The order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic was said about its exceptional courage and dedication in the battles on the Polish and Wrangel fronts. She particularly distinguished herself in the battle under the stanitsa of Alekseevskaya. And another red sister, Olga Yasinskaya from the 19 Cavalry Regiment, showed courage and dedication in the battle under Vygodonka station in the year 1920. Talk about the brave female health workers of the fire years of the Civil War can be long. In addition to performing their direct functions, they often had to take weapon and rank among the Red Army men. In total, as of October 1926, the Red Banner of the RSFSR was awarded 19 military servicemen from among the medical workers who distinguished themselves on the fronts of the civil war. Among them were 2 doctor, 3 medicinal assistant (lekpoma), paramedic, and the rest - red sisters of mercy. Their exploits were described in the military press and were widely propagandized. For example, the newspaper “Red Cavalier” 31 of August 1920 of the year in the article “The heroine of a nurse” told about the feat of the nurse of the 5 squadron of the 19 group of the 4 Cavalry Division of the Taisia Plotnikova.
Woman with a rifle in the army ranks
Compared to the total number of women in the Red Army, which during the civil war (according to various sources) varied from about 60 to 75 thousand, the number of women fighters and commanders is relatively small. And this is understandable, since war is not a woman’s business. Nevertheless, women fought on the front line, on a par with the Red Army men. At the same time, 11 female servicemen from combatant units were awarded for their heroism in battles against the enemies of the republic with the highest award — the Order of the Red Banner of the RSFSRR.
The first were awarded the highest distinction Rostovtseva Nina Nikolaevna and Pavlina Ivanovna Kuznetsova. The 149 Red Army soldier, and then the machine gunner of the 72 Infantry Regiment Nina Rostovtseva 16 December 1919, in a critical battlefield, independently assumed enormous responsibility and deadly risk. When the enemy blocked the way for our departing units, she, conscious of the hopeless position of her comrades in arms and the threat of their surroundings, rolled out her machine gun to an open position and, despite shelling from the enemy, opened fire on the enemy. With her skillful actions and marksmanship, she forced the enemy machine-gun crew to retreat and thus opened the way for her units. With her heroic act in the conditions of continuous shelling, the machine-gunner Rostovtseva saved many Red Army soldiers from certain death and capture. For her feat she was awarded the Order of the Red Banner in 1920.
The machine gunner of the 35 cavalry regiment of the 1 Cavalry Army Pavlin Kuznetsov was also awarded. Her name was well known to the Budenovs, since the girl managed to prove herself a brave warrior and distinguished herself in many fights. Once, in the village of Nepadivka, Kiev Province, a reconnaissance unit of the regiment was ambushed and surrounded. Death seemed inevitable. And only accurate fire machine guns Peacocks helped the squad escape. On her account there were quite a few such combat episodes, and the enemy went through dozens. By order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR in 1923, the "gunner of the machine gun" Pavlina Kuznetsova was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. Her name is among the best konarmeytsev fighters named S.M. Budyonny in his book "The Path”. As for the order, “to him,” as the commander later recalled, only heroes of the heroes were introduced.
In her memoirs, the order bearer Elena Kuznetsova wrote about front-line episodes in which everything happened. War is a severe test even for men, and even more so for women. She served in the 2 squadron of the 32 th cavalry regiment of the 4 th cavalry brigade. Bravely fought, not just different in difficult situations. In the battles 2 was injured and was contused twice.
Among those awarded the highest sign of proletarian distinction for their heroism on the fronts of the civil war and in connection with the Red Army 10 anniversary were the 9 ordinary Red Army soldiers of various military specialties and the only female commander of the company. Former Red Army soldiers were awarded orders of the Red Banner. Berezhnaya E.A., Verkhozina E.G., Vishnyakova P.I., Glotova-Nikolaeva M.F., Druzilova (Svirtseva) M., Medovnikova G.P. Their exploits are described in the literature. They are devoted to the publication of their fellow-students of local lore. In local museums of local lore and in the halls of Military Glory, stands and separate expositions are devoted to the exploits of women of the red banner. In previous years, they all took an active part in the military-patriotic education of young people, engaged in social work.
For example, the holder of the Order of the Red Banner Lomakova-Kholodova Lina Stepanovna was not a novice in military life. Back in the 1 World War I, she graduated from the nurses' courses and took care of the wounded in the frontline hospitals. After voluntarily joined the Red Army. She served as a nurse, performed reconnaissance tasks. In May, 1918 of the year was in Penza, where she met the White-Czech rebellion with arms. Then he fought in the 1-th Penza Regiment. She was well oriented in a combat situation and knew how to make bold decisions. Bravely participated in the undermining of the enemy armored train. And when their regiment got into the White Guard ambush, it led the soldiers out of the encirclement as a conductor. For her exploits, Lina Stepanovna was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. Then fought in parts of the division under the command of N.A. Shchorsa against White Poles. In the year 1920, while performing the next reconnaissance mission, she was ambushed by the Polish counterintelligence. She was sentenced to death and 2 of the year spent in a Polish prison. Later, she and the other Red Army soldiers were exchanged for Polish prisoners of war.
Women commanders in battles and studies
The only female red commander who was awarded the highest distinction - the Order of the Red Banner, was Ovchinnikova Olga Mitrofanovna. She joined the Red Army voluntarily in March 1918. She quickly showed her courage and ingenuity, readiness for decisive and, at times, desperate acts in a combat situation. The bosses saw in it the makings of a future commander and sent to Moscow on the 6-e Soviet command courses. After a successful semi-annual training, she was appointed commander of the company of the 1 Kazan Infantry Regiment. Then, as an experienced and experienced company commander, she was assigned to the 13 Army as the battalion commander of the 371 Infantry Regiment.
It should be noted that OM Ovchinnikov, in fact, is the only red banner, awarded the highest award for distinctions during his time at the command post. However, there were other female commanders in the army. So, at least 1 women graduated from 3 Moscow Revolutionary Machine Gun School, who were issued by the commanders and instructors of the machine gun industry to the troops. We are talking about graduates A.I. Novikova, E.M. Glaser and E.Ya. Barsky.
Among the women who were in leadership positions in the Red Army, the only woman commander of the armored train, L.G. Mokiyev-Zubok. For her exploits at the front, courage and skillful command, she certainly was worthy of awarding the Order of the Red Banner. However, due to some reasons this did not happen during her, unfortunately, short life. But after the heroic death in battle, she was not awarded a deserved reward. Perhaps because then the posthumous rewarding of heroically killed in battles was not practiced.
Several women soldiers who actively participated in military operations on the fronts of the civil war and showed abilities in military affairs were sent to study at the Military Academy of the Red Army (later - the Military Academy named after MV Frunze). Alexandra Bogat's army service began in June 1919. When units of the Red Army entered Kharkov, she was appointed Commissioner of the Red Cross hospitals. Then it was approved commissioner of health management division. In the post of commissioner for the evacuation of the front line proved to be a good organizer. She took part in the battles against the Makhnovists. Then, in 1922, she was sent to study at the 1 Cavalry School in Moscow. She studied diligently and graduation was awarded a gold watch. She was appointed commander of a platoon in the 19-th cavalcade of the 1-th conarmia. After 2 of the year, she was appointed head of the intelligence of the 21-th regiment. Then 3 school year spent in the walls of the Military Academy of the Red Army. It would seem that the whole life and career ahead. However, after 8 years of service, A.P. Rich had to go to the reserve because of health undermined during the years of the civil war. Among the graduates of the academy of those years were the Knights of the Order of the Red Banner of Flerov - Sakhnovskaya M.F. and Bulle M.O. Together with them, several other female servicemen, A.Z., received higher military education. Vinogradov, A.N. Urvantseva-Levitsky, LA Sevostyanova and M.M. Yankovskaya. In the future, their fate was different, and only the divisional commander M.F. Sakhnovskaya.
Продолжение следует ...
Information