Terrorist high tech and combat asymmetry
The use of drone by militants a few years ago was predominantly reconnaissance in nature, the benefit of the HD-format camera allowed us to observe from safe heights. Now this technique has moved to a new level of combat use - the performance of percussion functions. The mechanics of such “bombings” are quite simple - a glass, usually made from a beer can, in which the ammunition is fixed, is attached to the hopper.
Phantom quadcopters, re-equipped by militants for air attacks.
The reset is triggered by either turning the camcorder or launching a penny servo. The most popular "bombs" are ammunition from the 40-mm grenade launcher, combat units from a hand-held anti-tank grenade launcher or self-made explosive devices. Even with a single ammunition such mini-bombers can cause serious damage. In Iraq, the drone Phantom from the company DJI, converted by terrorists to drop grenades with a stabilizer shaft, in one hit destroyed the whole Humvee.
Drop a homemade bomb and destroy the Humvee.
Of course, such successful attacks are rare, but the mass distribution of such a technique endangers the life of anyone with no roof over their heads. Judging by the available video evidence, the copters are bombing from a height of about 200 meters - this allows you to hide the noise of the propellers. There is a well-known episode on January 7, 2017, when ISIS militants, banned in Russia, dropped more than 10 fragmentation grenades on the heads of advancing Iraqis in one hour. In addition to their deadly cargo, such drones differ in one more harmful property - they are very difficult to detect due to the extremely low radar, thermal and sound visibility. On January 26, 2015, a quadcopter "crashed" after crashing into a tree on the South Lawn of the White House. Until its very end, it remained unnoticed by US heart radar systems. At best, the air shield will confuse the copter with a large bird.
Examples of "successful" UAV bombing.
Pantsir-S, one of the most modern tactical air defense systems in the world, is also not always capable of identifying a threat in a miniature drones using a locator or an optical-electronic channel. However, it is this system that provides at least some protection against such terrorist innovations. The territories of Syria and Iraq, deprived of the “Armor”, are virtually defenseless against the modified shock “Phantoms”. At best, when detected, the military conduct a chaotic small-arms fire on drones. weapons with a result close to zero. According to Russian experts, the height in 300 meters guarantees the terrorist dron full immunity from small arms and even cannon weapons.
Next unit in aviation The hierarchy of terrorists from the Middle East became the drone of an aircraft scheme. It is such home-made products made of plywood, polystyrene and adhesive tape that attack Russian bases in Syria. So, on January 6, 2018, 13 such aircraft made a raid on the location of the Russian troops on the territory of the UAR. As a result, a part was planted on the ground with the help of an electronic warfare complex, and the rest were destroyed by the mentioned “Shells”, since the visibility for locators in such artisanal aircraft is much higher than for copters. The payload of winged UAVs can reach 4 kg, and the flight range is 50 km.
Handicraft bombs dropped by terrorists from aircraft UAVs.
Of interest are bombs used in such attacks. The body they usually consists of two plastic cups, glued together with adhesive tape and equipped with a tail. The head part is equipped with a contact fuse, and the inside is filled with steel balls and the most powerful explosives TEN (pentaerythritol tetranitrate). The nuance is that TEN is very problematic to obtain in field chemical laboratories (rather, it is impossible at all), and this raises questions about the supply channels of terrorists. TEN, by its power considerably exceeding RDX, provides 400-gram ammunition with a radius of spread of damaging elements in 50 meters. And each drone carried to the Russian 10 bases such bombs, fixed under the wings and dropped at the same time.
Intercepted UAV, which carried out an attack on the Russian bases in Syria.
The drone of the terrorists of the aircraft scheme, which managed to land. Electronics wrapped with green tape. The fuselage is assembled from fruit fruit drawers (1). Wings and tail - made of plywood and foam (2)
There is no exact data on how the Pantsi shot down such UAVs, but it can be assumed that they were missiles, since the high-explosive fragmentation shells of the complex are not always capable of hitting small-sized aerial targets. Thus, during the tests, three installations of the ZRPK Pantsir-S were not able to queue 40 shots to shoot down an 95 x 2,9 x 2,35 m radio-controlled target with dimensions of 0,25 km with a pulsed jet engine. The E2 target is quite close in size to the terrorists' UAVs and the domestic air defense system could only hit it with a rocket.
The E95 jet target with which the Pantsir-S has problems.
Separately, it should be said that Е95 actively radiates with its engine in the thermal range, in contrast to light piston engines of terrorist equipment, and this considerably complicates the direction finding of the target. In general, one can only guess how costly the destruction of such a “squadron” of attack BLAHs with the help of ground-to-air missiles. And this is not a problem of Russia alone. David Perkins, a US Army general, speaking at the AUSA 2017 forum, said that one of the US allies had to shoot down a small copter worth 200 dollars with a Patriot missile for 3 million. Kopter, of course, shot down, but such an expenditure of resources, according to Perkins, is completely unacceptable. “At the site of the enemy, I would think:“ Yes, I’ll just go to Ebay and buy more of these drones for 200-300 bucks so that they end up with Patriot missiles in the end. ”
The effective weapons in the hands of terrorists are morally and technically outdated mortars, for which the achievements of the IT industry are actively used. So, 25-dollar application “Ballistic Calculator” installed on the tablet, allows you to direct a mortar or even a homemade rocket launcher at the target, even without aiming devices. To do this, simply attach the tablet, equipped with an accelerometer and the corresponding software, to the launch tube.
Aiming by the militants of a mortar using a tablet and software for ballistic calculations.
Asymmetrical threats can be realized not only on land, but on the sea. The 2000 campaign of the year in the Yemeni port of Aden became famous, when a boat with suicide bombers and 250 pounded a kilogram of explosives in the American destroyer Cole of size 9х12. Then 17 of seamen died, 37 received injuries of varying severity. Repair destroyer cost taxpayer America in 250 million dollars.
Hole in the board of the destroyer Cole.
All this raises questions about the disproportionate damage inflicted by terrorist organizations, while spending a lot of resources. Similar tricks by government agencies are not excluded. Thus, according to Iranian Brigadier General Ahmad Vahidi, the use of high-speed boat groups for the massive attack of large military vessels of a potential enemy (read: the United States and Israel) lies at the heart of the operational strategy of the Navy of this country. And given the fanaticism of the part of the Iranian military (especially the personnel of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps), the use of such “swarms” as a kamikaze cannot be ruled out. In Iran, the order 1000 small speed boats with two outboard engines and heavy machine guns, as well as installations 107-mm unguided rockets. But some such small vessels do not have weapons, but carry only mines or 500 kilograms of explosives. What prevents them from undermining themselves at the board of the next “Cole”?
Iranian boats armed with a 12,7-mm machine gun and a 11-barrel PU with 107-mm NURs.
In Iran, in order to practice massive attacks, a full-size model of the Nimitz series aircraft carrier with a length of 2015 m was built in 330 and conducted the Great Prophet 9 exercise, during which they attacked the target with rockets from the coast, from helicopters, and then finished off the 50 with small-sized boats. Such exercises have shown that the “mosquito tactic” makes it possible to sufficiently successfully break open the defenses of a carrier warrant and get to the “body” of the protagonist several boats with missiles and tons of explosives.
Iranian seaplane "Bavar 2".
The Iranian “Bavar-2” (“Vera-2”) seaplanes, flying over the water like an ekranoplan, are no less dangerous asymmetric threat. Flight altitude is only a few meters, and the speed of 185-190 km / h with a maximum duration of more than 2 hours. It is difficult to track them with radars, which allows Bavar-2 to approach ships in the distance of a dagger strike. At the Iran Kish Air Show 2014 showroom, the new Bavar 4 seaplane was introduced with an 0,5-50 meter altitude range, 350 km range and a payload capacity (besides the crew) in 130 kg.
Iranian seaplane "Bavar 4".
This allows such aircraft to be equipped with Korsar (Corsair) anti-ship missiles with a mass of 100 kg. In this regard, Iran noted that “given the introduction of a new generation of flying boats, it is clear that Iranian military strategists have concluded that a flying boat is a tool suitable for an asymmetric battle strategy, therefore, the promotion and production of new models continues.” A natural response to such a “disgrace” becomes the ways to counteract the combat asymmetry on the part of NATO.
Phantom quadcopters, re-equipped by militants for air attacks.
The reset is triggered by either turning the camcorder or launching a penny servo. The most popular "bombs" are ammunition from the 40-mm grenade launcher, combat units from a hand-held anti-tank grenade launcher or self-made explosive devices. Even with a single ammunition such mini-bombers can cause serious damage. In Iraq, the drone Phantom from the company DJI, converted by terrorists to drop grenades with a stabilizer shaft, in one hit destroyed the whole Humvee.
Drop a homemade bomb and destroy the Humvee.
Of course, such successful attacks are rare, but the mass distribution of such a technique endangers the life of anyone with no roof over their heads. Judging by the available video evidence, the copters are bombing from a height of about 200 meters - this allows you to hide the noise of the propellers. There is a well-known episode on January 7, 2017, when ISIS militants, banned in Russia, dropped more than 10 fragmentation grenades on the heads of advancing Iraqis in one hour. In addition to their deadly cargo, such drones differ in one more harmful property - they are very difficult to detect due to the extremely low radar, thermal and sound visibility. On January 26, 2015, a quadcopter "crashed" after crashing into a tree on the South Lawn of the White House. Until its very end, it remained unnoticed by US heart radar systems. At best, the air shield will confuse the copter with a large bird.
Examples of "successful" UAV bombing.
Pantsir-S, one of the most modern tactical air defense systems in the world, is also not always capable of identifying a threat in a miniature drones using a locator or an optical-electronic channel. However, it is this system that provides at least some protection against such terrorist innovations. The territories of Syria and Iraq, deprived of the “Armor”, are virtually defenseless against the modified shock “Phantoms”. At best, when detected, the military conduct a chaotic small-arms fire on drones. weapons with a result close to zero. According to Russian experts, the height in 300 meters guarantees the terrorist dron full immunity from small arms and even cannon weapons.
Next unit in aviation The hierarchy of terrorists from the Middle East became the drone of an aircraft scheme. It is such home-made products made of plywood, polystyrene and adhesive tape that attack Russian bases in Syria. So, on January 6, 2018, 13 such aircraft made a raid on the location of the Russian troops on the territory of the UAR. As a result, a part was planted on the ground with the help of an electronic warfare complex, and the rest were destroyed by the mentioned “Shells”, since the visibility for locators in such artisanal aircraft is much higher than for copters. The payload of winged UAVs can reach 4 kg, and the flight range is 50 km.
Handicraft bombs dropped by terrorists from aircraft UAVs.
Of interest are bombs used in such attacks. The body they usually consists of two plastic cups, glued together with adhesive tape and equipped with a tail. The head part is equipped with a contact fuse, and the inside is filled with steel balls and the most powerful explosives TEN (pentaerythritol tetranitrate). The nuance is that TEN is very problematic to obtain in field chemical laboratories (rather, it is impossible at all), and this raises questions about the supply channels of terrorists. TEN, by its power considerably exceeding RDX, provides 400-gram ammunition with a radius of spread of damaging elements in 50 meters. And each drone carried to the Russian 10 bases such bombs, fixed under the wings and dropped at the same time.
Intercepted UAV, which carried out an attack on the Russian bases in Syria.
The drone of the terrorists of the aircraft scheme, which managed to land. Electronics wrapped with green tape. The fuselage is assembled from fruit fruit drawers (1). Wings and tail - made of plywood and foam (2)
There is no exact data on how the Pantsi shot down such UAVs, but it can be assumed that they were missiles, since the high-explosive fragmentation shells of the complex are not always capable of hitting small-sized aerial targets. Thus, during the tests, three installations of the ZRPK Pantsir-S were not able to queue 40 shots to shoot down an 95 x 2,9 x 2,35 m radio-controlled target with dimensions of 0,25 km with a pulsed jet engine. The E2 target is quite close in size to the terrorists' UAVs and the domestic air defense system could only hit it with a rocket.
The E95 jet target with which the Pantsir-S has problems.
Separately, it should be said that Е95 actively radiates with its engine in the thermal range, in contrast to light piston engines of terrorist equipment, and this considerably complicates the direction finding of the target. In general, one can only guess how costly the destruction of such a “squadron” of attack BLAHs with the help of ground-to-air missiles. And this is not a problem of Russia alone. David Perkins, a US Army general, speaking at the AUSA 2017 forum, said that one of the US allies had to shoot down a small copter worth 200 dollars with a Patriot missile for 3 million. Kopter, of course, shot down, but such an expenditure of resources, according to Perkins, is completely unacceptable. “At the site of the enemy, I would think:“ Yes, I’ll just go to Ebay and buy more of these drones for 200-300 bucks so that they end up with Patriot missiles in the end. ”
The effective weapons in the hands of terrorists are morally and technically outdated mortars, for which the achievements of the IT industry are actively used. So, 25-dollar application “Ballistic Calculator” installed on the tablet, allows you to direct a mortar or even a homemade rocket launcher at the target, even without aiming devices. To do this, simply attach the tablet, equipped with an accelerometer and the corresponding software, to the launch tube.
Aiming by the militants of a mortar using a tablet and software for ballistic calculations.
Asymmetrical threats can be realized not only on land, but on the sea. The 2000 campaign of the year in the Yemeni port of Aden became famous, when a boat with suicide bombers and 250 pounded a kilogram of explosives in the American destroyer Cole of size 9х12. Then 17 of seamen died, 37 received injuries of varying severity. Repair destroyer cost taxpayer America in 250 million dollars.
Hole in the board of the destroyer Cole.
All this raises questions about the disproportionate damage inflicted by terrorist organizations, while spending a lot of resources. Similar tricks by government agencies are not excluded. Thus, according to Iranian Brigadier General Ahmad Vahidi, the use of high-speed boat groups for the massive attack of large military vessels of a potential enemy (read: the United States and Israel) lies at the heart of the operational strategy of the Navy of this country. And given the fanaticism of the part of the Iranian military (especially the personnel of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps), the use of such “swarms” as a kamikaze cannot be ruled out. In Iran, the order 1000 small speed boats with two outboard engines and heavy machine guns, as well as installations 107-mm unguided rockets. But some such small vessels do not have weapons, but carry only mines or 500 kilograms of explosives. What prevents them from undermining themselves at the board of the next “Cole”?
Iranian boats armed with a 12,7-mm machine gun and a 11-barrel PU with 107-mm NURs.
In Iran, in order to practice massive attacks, a full-size model of the Nimitz series aircraft carrier with a length of 2015 m was built in 330 and conducted the Great Prophet 9 exercise, during which they attacked the target with rockets from the coast, from helicopters, and then finished off the 50 with small-sized boats. Such exercises have shown that the “mosquito tactic” makes it possible to sufficiently successfully break open the defenses of a carrier warrant and get to the “body” of the protagonist several boats with missiles and tons of explosives.
Iranian seaplane "Bavar 2".
The Iranian “Bavar-2” (“Vera-2”) seaplanes, flying over the water like an ekranoplan, are no less dangerous asymmetric threat. Flight altitude is only a few meters, and the speed of 185-190 km / h with a maximum duration of more than 2 hours. It is difficult to track them with radars, which allows Bavar-2 to approach ships in the distance of a dagger strike. At the Iran Kish Air Show 2014 showroom, the new Bavar 4 seaplane was introduced with an 0,5-50 meter altitude range, 350 km range and a payload capacity (besides the crew) in 130 kg.
Iranian seaplane "Bavar 4".
This allows such aircraft to be equipped with Korsar (Corsair) anti-ship missiles with a mass of 100 kg. In this regard, Iran noted that “given the introduction of a new generation of flying boats, it is clear that Iranian military strategists have concluded that a flying boat is a tool suitable for an asymmetric battle strategy, therefore, the promotion and production of new models continues.” A natural response to such a “disgrace” becomes the ways to counteract the combat asymmetry on the part of NATO.
Information