Fighting for World War II (part of 1)
After the war, the United States decided to strengthen its position in the European market. To limit the economic possibilities of competitors, the Americans used the question of the military debts of the former European allies. After the formal entry of the United States into the First World War, they provided the Allies (primarily England, France, Italy) loans worth 8,8 billion dollars. The total amount of military debt, including the loans provided by the United States in 1919-1921, amounted to more than 11 billion dollars.
The debtor countries tried to solve their problems at the expense of Germany, imposing on it a huge amount and extremely difficult conditions for the payment of reparations. At the end of the First World War, the Treaty of Versailles was concluded, according to which the sum of reparations for Germany and its allies was determined. For Germany, this amount was 269 billion gold marks (equivalent to approximately 100 thousand tons of gold).
In the event of delays in the supply or repatriation payments, French troops entered the non-occupied territories of Germany several times. 8.3.21 French and Belgian troops occupied the cities of Duisburg and Düsseldorf. France was able to control the ports and receive accurate information on the total exports of coal, steel and finished goods from the Ruhr.
The London ultimatum from 5.5.21 set a reparation payment schedule for a total of 132 billion gold marks (22 billion pounds sterling), and in case of refusal, the Ruhr region was occupied as a response.
In the 1922 year, in view of the deteriorating economic situation in the Weimar Republic, the Allies refused to repay money, replacing them with in-kind payments (steel, wood, coal). Began the flight of German capital abroad and the refusal to pay taxes. This, in turn, led to a state budget deficit, which could only be covered by mass production of unsecured brands. The result was a collapse of the German currency - the “great inflation” of 1923, when for one dollar they were given 4,2 trillion. stamps. German industrialists began to openly sabotage the payment of reparation obligations.
9.1.23 the reparations commission stated that the Weimar Republic deliberately delayed deliveries (in 1922, instead of the required 13,8 million tons of coal - only 11,7 million tons, etc.). France used this as an excuse to send troops into the Ruhr Basin. In the period from 11 to 16 January 1923, French and Belgian troops numbering 60 thousand people (later the contingent was increased to 100 thousand) occupied the territory of the Ruhr region, taking the coal and coke production facilities located there as a "production collateral" as security fulfillment by Germany of its reparation obligations. As a result of the occupation, about 7% of the post-war territory of Germany was occupied, where 72% of coal was mined and more than 50% of pig iron and steel were produced.
This was expected by the Anglo-American ruling circles, in order to let France get bogged down in the venture, and proving its inability to solve the problem, take the initiative in their hands. US Secretary of State Hughes pointed out: "We must wait for Europe to mature in order to accept the American proposal. ”
In 1923, England, and in 1926, France was forced to sign an agreement with the United States to pay debts. At the same time, Italy, with a debt of 2,015 billion, had to pay about 20% of the amount at the rate of 0,4% per annum. Why? Because in 1922, Prime Minister Mussolini, the leader of the national fascist party, headed Italy, and the highest elite of the United States needed a new war in Europe to expand its zone of influence. The British elite thought to play this card with the Americans. They did not know that there was no place for them among the superpowers ...
In Germany at the beginning of the 20s, the United States and Britain rely on revanchist sentiments, as well as on the still not very well-known, but rapidly gaining popularity, politician Adolf Hitler - leader of the National Socialist Workers Party of Germany (NSDAP). By the end of 1923, by the time of the so-called beer putsch (a failed coup attempt by the NSDAP stormtroopers), significant steps had already been taken to bring the Anglo-American and German bankers closer together.
In the depths of the Morgan group, at the direction of the head of the Bank of England Norman, a program was developed for the penetration of Anglo-American capital into the German economy. This was preceded by active negotiations between friend Norman, the future head of the Reichsbank Mine and his British and American counterparts. The plan, which provides for a two-fold reduction in reparations and sources for their payment, was proposed by the American banker Dawes and adopted at a conference in London in the summer of 1924. In the same year, Germany was granted financial assistance from the United States and Britain in the form of loans to pay reparations to France.
Due to the fact that the annual payment of reparations went to cover the amount of debt paid by the allies, there was a "absurd Weimar circle". Gold, which Germany paid in the form of war reparations, was sold, mortgaged and disappeared in the United States, from where it was in the form of "assistance"According to the plan, returned to Germany, which gave it to England and France, and those, in turn, paid them the US military debt. The latter, having besieged it with interest, again sent it to Germany. In the end, everyone in Germany lived in debt, and it was clear that if Wall Street recouped their loans, the country would suffer complete bankruptcy.
Although formally loans were issued to ensure payments, it was actually a matter of restoring the country's military-industrial potential. The Germans paid for the loans with shares of enterprises, so that American capital began to actively integrate into the German economy. The total amount of foreign investment in German industry for 1924 − 1929. amounted to almost 63 billion gold marks (30 billion of them accounted for loans), and payment of reparations - 10 billion marks. 70% of financial revenues were provided by US bankers, most of them Morgan banks. As a result, already in 1929. German industry came out in second place in the world, but to a large extent it was in the hands of leading American financial-industrial groups.
“I.G. Farbenindustri "- the main supplier of the German military machine on 45% financed Hitler's election campaign in 1930, was controlled by the Standard Oil Rockefeller. The Morgans through General Electric controlled the German radio and electrical industry in the face of AEG and Siemens (by 1933, 30% of AEG shares belonged to General Electric), through ITT communications company - 40% of the German telephone network, except for this owned 30% shares of the aircraft manufacturing company "Focke-Wulf". Over the "Opel" was established control by "General Motors", which belonged to the family of Dupont. Henry Ford controlled the 100% stake in Volkswagen. In 1926, the second largest industrial monopoly of Germany emerged with the participation of Dilon Reed & Kº in Rockefeller Bank, the industrial monopoly of Germany, the Fereinigte Stalverke (Steel Trust) Thyssen, Flick, Wolf and Fegler metallurgical concern, and others.
The American cooperation with the German military-industrial complex was so intense and pervasive that by 1933, the key sectors of German industry and such large banks as Deutsche Bank, Dresdner Bank, Donat Bank, etc. were under the control of American finance capital. .
At the same time, a political force was being prepared, which was called upon to play a decisive role in the implementation of the Anglo-American plans to conquer most of the world. We are talking about financing the Nazi party and personally A. Hitler.
As the former German chancellor Bruening wrote in his memoirs, starting with 1923 years, Hitler received large sums from abroad. It is unknown where they came from, but they acted through Swiss and Swedish banks. It is also known that in 1922, in Munich, Hitler met with the US military attache in Germany, Captain Truman Smith, who made a detailed report about it to the Washington authorities (to the Military Intelligence Agency), in which he spoke highly of Hitler. It was through Smith that Ernst Franz Zedgvik Ganfshtengl, a graduate of Harvard University who played an important role in shaping Hitler as a politician who provided him with significant financial support and provided him with familiarity with high-ranking British leaders, was introduced to Hitler's circle of acquaintances.
In 1930, a new reparations payment plan was adopted, which was called the Young Plan. Jung's plan provided for a reduction in the total amount of reparations from 132 to 113, 9 billion marks, the payment term was provided for in 59 years, the annual payments decreased.
For the final resolution of the issue of reparations, a conference was convened in Lausanne, which ended with 9.07.32 signing an agreement on Germany buying out for 3 billion gold marks of its reparation obligations with repayment of redemption bonds in 15 years. The Treaty of Lausanne was signed by Germany, France, England, Belgium, Italy, Japan, Poland and the British dominions.
This agreement was not enforced because after Hitler came to power in Germany 30.1.33, the payment of reparation payments was discontinued. After World War 2, Germany began to make payments on the reparation payments mentioned above. 4.10.2010 d. The German Federal Bank made the last payment.
Since the fall of 1929, after the collapse of the US Stock Exchange provoked by the US Federal Reserve Service, a new phase of the strategy of the Anglo-American financial community has begun. The Federal Reserve Service and Morgan’s Banking House decide to stop lending to Germany, inspiring a banking crisis and economic depression in Central Europe. In September, 1931, England abandoned the gold standard, deliberately destroying the international payment system and completely blocking the financial oxygen of the Weimar Republic.
However, a financial miracle happens with the NSDAP: in September, 1930 as a result of Thyssen's large donations “I.G. Farbenindustri and Kirdorf Party receives 6,4 million votes, ranks second in the Reichstag, after which generous injections from abroad are activated. The main link between the largest German industrialists and foreign financiers becomes Schacht.
4.1.32 held a meeting of the largest English financier Norman with Hitler and von Papen, at which a secret agreement was reached on financing the NSDAP. This meeting was also attended by American politicians Dulles brothers.
14.1.33 met Hitler with Schröder, Papen and Kepler, where Hitler’s program was fully endorsed. It was here that the issue of the transfer of power to the Nazis was finally resolved, and on January 30, Hitler became the Reich Chancellor. Now begins the implementation of the next stage of preparing Germany for the new war.
The attitude of the Anglo-American ruling circles to the new government has become extremely benevolent. When Hitler refused to pay reparations, which naturally called into question the payment of war debts, neither Britain nor France made any claims to him about payments. Moreover, after a trip set by the Reichsbank Mine in the USA in May 1933 and meeting with the president and major bankers, America allocated new loans to Germany for a total of one billion dollars. In June, during a trip to London and a meeting with Norman Schacht, he was seeking an English loan of 2 billion dollars and a reduction and then termination of payments on old loans. Thus, the Nazis got what the previous governments could not achieve.
On 28 February 1933, Germany’s external debt was 23,3 billion marks (5,55 billion dollars). During 1934, this debt was written off at 97%, which saved Germany 1,043 billion marks. American banks, to which Germany owed 1,788 billion dollars, agreed to concessions, since they received 13 billion dollars only for the placement of bonds according to the Dawes and Jung plans. The United States pushed Germany toward development.
In the summer of 1934, Britain entered into an Anglo-German transfer agreement, which became one of the foundations of British policy towards the Third Reich, and by the end of the 30-s, Germany was becoming the main trading partner of England. Schröder’s Bank is becoming Germany’s main agent in the UK, and in 1936 its New York office merges with the Rockefellers' home to create the Schröder, Rockefeller and Kº investment bank, which Time magazine called the “Berlin-Rome economic promoter ". As Hitler himself admitted, he conceived his four-year plan on the financial basis of a foreign loan, so he never gave him the slightest anxiety.
In August 1934, the American Standard Oil acquired 730 acres of land in Germany and built large oil refineries that supplied the Nazis with oil. At the same time, the most modern equipment for aviation factories, which will begin production of German aircraft. Germany received a large number of military patents from the American firms Pratt and Whitney, Douglas, and Bendix Aviation, and the Junkers-87 was built using American technologies. By 1941, when World War II was raging, American investments in the German economy totaled $ 475 million. Standard Oil invested 120 million in it, General Motors - 35 million, ITT - 30 million, and Ford - 17,5 million.
American bankers do not need peace in Europe, but war is needed. Not for that they spent billions of dollars. Something that resembles our recent past, when, using the "politics of chaos", peace in the countries of North Africa and the Arab world was practically blown up ....
As a result, spending on the German armed forces increases. While German military spending in 1932 amounted to 0,254 billion dollars, in 1936 and 1939 this amount was 3,6 and 4,5 billion dollars, respectively.
With 1933-34 in the foreign policy of England and the USA, the idea of "appeasing" Germany at the expense of Eastern Europe and the USSR comes to the fore. Americans would not mind a defeated Soviet Union grab pieces of the Far Eastern and Northern territories. But as always, I wanted to do it "by someone else's hands."
At dawn 7 March 1936, the 19 infantry battalions of the German army and several military aircraft were transferred to the Rhineland. This was the first attempt to try to destabilize and redraw the calm in Central Europe. Hitler later said: "48 hours after the march to the Rhineland were the most exhausting in my life. If the French had entered the Rhineland, we would have to retire with pursed tails. The military resources at our disposal were inadequate even to provide moderate resistance».
In the sources of information it is mentioned that the German troops, upon entering the Rhineland, did not even have cartridges and shells. The French for the pants were held by the Americans and the British. The French did not know then that the indicated countries were preparing to sacrifice them ...
Separate negotiations between the United States and Britain with Germany in November 1937 showed the German leadership that neither Britain, nor the United States, nor France would intervene if Austria, Sudeten and Danzig joined, if these changes did not lead to war in Europe. Attempts Austria find support in England and France turned out to be vain. 12-13 March, March 1938, Austria was annexed by Germany. European democracy surrendered the first sovereign country to the Nazis.
Please note that the time in question is somewhat reminiscent of our time. Then they also tried to be guided not by the principles of security and not by assuming war, but on the contrary - the gradual incitement of a world fire. The press also distorted information: black was spoken to white, and white to black. It was possible to blame and not submit evidence. European civilization once again slipped to the threshold of a world war. And again, as before the first war, everything happens according to a scenario written in the USA. And again, on the sidelines of England ...
11-19 March 1938, Poland began to put pressure on Lithuania in order to get diplomats to establish diplomatic relations and recognize Vilna region as Polish territory. These ultimatum were supported by Germany, interested in the return of the German Memel (Klaipeda). The intervention of the USSR and the refusal of France to support the actions of Poland limited the Polish demands only to the establishment of diplomatic relations. The USSR at that time helped Lithuania to preserve its integrity. We see that at that time Poland was ready to become the same aggressor as Germany.
The aggravation of the situation in Czechoslovakia in April-May, 1938, also demonstrated the reluctance of England and France to interfere in the affairs of Eastern Europe. Britain and France, and behind their backs — the United States — were preparing for Hitler a corridor for a campaign against the USSR. Therefore, the proposals of the USSR on holding military negotiations with France and Czechoslovakia from 27.04.38 and 13.05.38 were not accepted, since it would be "bad luck if Czechoslovakia survived thanks to Soviet help". The armed forces of Czechoslovakia and the USSR could easily dispel the German troops at that time. But the Anglo-Americans did not need it ...
In May, 1938, England and France stepped up pressure on Czechoslovakia in favor of transferring border areas of Germany. The British were afraid that the intransigence of Czechoslovakia could lead to a US-German rapprochement. The US, for its part, through the ambassador in London, 20.07.38 hinted to Berlin that, in the case of cooperation with them Washington would support the German requirements for England or would do everything to meet the German requirements for Czechoslovakia.
29-30 September 1938, England and France transferred the Sudetenland to Germany in exchange for declarations of non-aggression. As a result of this agreement the system of military alliances of France fell apart. The plan of weakening France began to be gradually implemented. France could be left alone in a fight with Germany, and therefore she held herself to her “ally” England ...
21-22 October, Poland began to probe for the normalization of Soviet-Polish relations.
October 24 Germany proposed Poland to resolve the problems of Danzig and the “Polish corridor” through cooperation under the Anti-Comintern Pact. However, Poland continued the policy of balancing between Germany and the USSR.
On November 26, the German embassy in Warsaw learned that the Polish telegraph agency intends to publish the official Polish-Soviet declaration in a few hours. Two hours later, the text of the declaration became known. The German ambassador was amazed and postponed the planned trip. Reporting the text of the declaration to Berlin, he emphasized in his report that the declaration was caused by the economic needs of Poland and in his political formulations was unequivocally directed against Germany.
27 November was signed a communique on the normalization of relations. The Polish leadership was afraid loss of independence at rapprochement with Germany. On the same day, the Polish government and the German embassy waited for the reaction of Berlin with bated breath.
November 28 in the Berlin newspapers could read the explanation that the Polish-Soviet declaration was really necessary, because the relations between the two countries could not be more tolerant. Polish government circles took this reaction with great relief. On the same evening, the press department of the Polish Foreign Ministry told all German correspondents in Warsaw by telephone: “The following comments on the Polish-Soviet declaration are classified material and are given only to German correspondents. Can only be used without specifying the source. The tension between Poland and the Soviet Union during the past months has reached a level that the public could not guess, because her attention was too busy with Czechoslovak events ... "
December 1 at the reception of the German ambassador to Poland by Ribbentrop revealed that Ribbentrop had not yet received any instructions regarding the policy that Germany would take towards Poland. Then it turned out that Ribbentrop was not personally able to appreciate the significance of the Polish-Soviet step. He was very surprised when he was once again informed that this step was primarily directed against Germany. "Actually, I was most offended by the Poles for not informing us before that"He answered ...
In October, 1938 - in March, 1939 held secret Anglo-German negotiations. 15-16 March signed a cartel agreement by industry representatives from both sides.
Since October 1938, France has also tried to improve relations with Germany.
Since the fall of 1938, Germany has begun to build economic relations with the USSR. 19.12.38 was extended to 1939 the year of the Soviet-German trade treaty.
5-6 January 1939 was the visit of the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Poland to Germany. Beck showed flexibility and Germany’s territorial claims were not accepted. Accept Poland offers Germany and she was among the allies of Germany in the war with the USSR. She really wanted to be among the equal allies of Germany, but it was not profitable for England and the United States.
Special Post RU RKKA 10.2.39: "According to the German diplomatic circles in Warsaw, the conversation between Hitler and Beck, when visiting the last 5.1.39 Berchtesgaden, had the following content.
Beck was apparently dissatisfied with the conversation with Hitler and still believes that the main goal of German expansion remains the East and that therefore Hitler does not intend to make any concessions to Poland. The only satisfaction is that, in his opinion, Poland is not immediately threatened, and therefore it still has time to prepare for defense.... »
12 January Hungary announced its readiness to join the Anti-Comintern Pact.
February 19 was signed by the Soviet-Polish trade treaty.
From the end of February, Poland begins to develop a plan ("Zahud") of the war with Germany.
In mid-March, England, France and the United States have information about Germany’s preparations for the occupation of Czechoslovakia, but the guarantors of the Munich Agreement did not provide for any countermeasures. As in the case of Ukraine in 2014, the "guarantors" do not guarantee anything. Real Dzheltemeny - I want to give the floor, I want - I will take.
14.03 - Slovakia declared independence.
15.03 - German troops entered the Czech Republic.
21.03 - England has put forward a proposal to sign the Anglo-Franco-Soviet-Polish declaration of consultation in the event of aggression. On the same day, Germany again offered Poland to resolve the issue of the transfer of Danzig and the “Polish corridor” in exchange for joining the Anti-Comintern Pact with the prospect of anti-Soviet actions. Poland continued to "tack" between Berlin and Moscow. Paris and London tried to unite Poland and Romania in a single alliance - Poland was not going to worsen relations with Berlin, so she refused.
21-23 in March Germany, under the threat of the use of force, forced Lithuania to hand over the Memel region to it.
Special Post 22.03.39: "The Germans are negotiating with the Poles about the seizure of Lithuania and part of Latvia (with Libau) in compensation for the Polish corridor. The following demand was made to the Lithuanian Foreign Minister Ribbentrop in Berlin: “The issue of Klaipeda requires urgent resolution. Before 25.3.39, Lithuania must surrender to Klaipeda without resistance; otherwise we will not stop within the borders of Klaipeda. ” The response must be reported no later than 21.3., And 22.3. A commission must be sent to Berlin to sign the conditions.
The 17-00 21.3. the Lithuanian cabinet decided to yield to power, surrender Klaipeda without a fight and send a commission to Berlin... "
Special Post 23.03.39: "England reaction is rated by Berlin weaker than expectedtherefore Germany decided to expand its operations in Eastern Europe by joining Klaipeda and hitting Romania...
Due to the ease of success in Czechoslovakia and Lithuania, the sequence of actions changes and instead of pressing on the West decided to eliminate the resistance of the Poles... According to information emanating from the same Lithuanian circles, Slovakia will not be turned into a protectorate, but will remain a formally independent, but in fact subordinate to Germany, country. This is intended to ensure that other countries - Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia and even Poland - could also ask Germany for similar protection. Poland in the event of a possible agreement between the USSR, France and Britain should remain on the side of Germany, for which she is promised some territorial cuts... »
There is no Soviet threat for the indicated countries, but they are being handed over and forcibly pushed back into Hitler’s camp.
March 23 signed a German-Romanian economic agreement. Poland begins the latent mobilization deployment of four divisions and one cav. brigade.
1 April Berlin threatened England to terminate the Anglo-German naval agreement 1935 of the year, if London did not stop surrounding Germany.
Special Message, 1.04.39: "The Polish army on 1.4.39 brought to 1100000 people. This army size ensures that peacetime units are brought to wartime states.... »
On April 3, OKV Chief of Staff Keitel informed the commanders-in-chief of the ground forces, the air force and the navy that a draft was prepared.Directives on the uniform training of the armed forces for the war on 1939-1940. "And the draft plan of war with Poland (" Weiss "). By 1 May, you must submit your thoughts on the use of troops against Poland. Fully complete war preparations to 1.09.39 Mr.
7-12 April Italy occupied Albania.
12 April England and France gave security guarantees to Turkey to prevent its rapprochement with Germany.
13 April England and France gave security guarantees to Greece and Romania.
14 April 1939. The English government proposed to the Soviet government to make a public statement that “in the event of an act of aggression against any European neighbor of the Soviet Union, which would resist (aggression), it will be possible to rely on the assistance of the Soviet government, if it is desired, what assistance will be rendered in the way that is most convenient».
In this sentence no obligation of england and france in the event of a direct German attack on the USSR, although in relation to each other, both Western powers were already bound by mutual aid commitments. According to the British draft, the Soviet Union was to assist (ie, fight) against the aggressor in the event of an attack on any of the USSR’s European neighbors, provided that Soviet assistance "would be desirable."
A sort of Russian sepoys ... And after the new war, English and French soldiers will come and finish off the remaining German, Russian and other East Slavic ...
The USSR’s European neighbors were Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Poland, Romania. The last two states had guarantees from Britain and France, and, therefore, by rendering assistance to them, the Soviet country could count on fighting against the aggressor in alliance with two other great powers. However, in the event of a fascist attack on Finland, Estonia or Latvia, the British proposal did not give the Soviet Union any reason to count on their support. Meanwhile, for the USSR, the German attack on the Baltic countries, because of their geographical location, was no less dangerous than its attack on Poland and Romania. By tying the Soviet Union with an obligation to help the Baltic states, the British proposal left England and France “free hands”.
On April 15, the US president suggested that Germany and Italy promise not to attack the 31 country mentioned in his message in exchange for support on the issue of equal rights in international trade.
Special message. Ramsay, 17.04.39: “Within the next year or two years, German policy will be exclusively focused on French and British issues, taking into account all issues related to the USSR. Germany’s main goal is to achieve such political and military power as England I had to without war, recognize Germany’s demands for hegemony in Central Europe and its colonial claims. Only on this basis will Germany be ready to conclude a long peace with England, even renouncing Italy, and starting a war with the USSR.
In the near future, according to the secretary, the most dangerous development of events in Europe is expected, since Germany and Italy must hurry get the better of England, because they know that in two years it will be too late due to the fact that England has large reserves ... "
28 April Germany terminated the Anglo-German Maritime Agreement 1935 of the year and the non-aggression pact with Poland 1934 of the year.
April 30 Germany unofficially informed England and France that if they did not convince Poland to compromise, then Berlin would establish relations with the USSR.
9-10 May 1939, in response to the Soviet proposals, Poland said it would not agree to an alliance with Moscow. Probably, the Poles were advised by "friends" from England and France.
14-19 may undergo French-Polish negotiations on military convection. France promised support for Poland in the attack of Germany.
Special message. Ramsay, 5.05.39: "As the German Ambassador Ott found out in the Japanese General Staff, the difficulties in the Japanese government itself in connection with the negotiations on the conclusion of the Japanese-German-Italian alliance are confirmed by the fact that Arita and the marine circles put forward their plan to form an alliance that provides sufficient security and guarantees that are included in that case if the union is brought into action against England or America ...
Marine circles and Arita refuse to conclude such a pact, which would openly indicate that it is directed not only against the USSR, but also against England and other countries. Arita and the marine circles, in addition to the official text of the union pact of the three countries, constitute a special secret addition to it. In this secret supplement, the articles of the Covenant will be expanded to include actions against any country. They want to avoid open friction with England and America, without publishing such a text of the pact, which clearly states that it is directed not only against the USSR ...
The General Staff cannot take responsibility for splitting the present government because of differences of opinion and hopes that the German side will also insist on the main articles of the agreement. Ambassador Ott telegraphed to Berlin ...»
Special Post 5 Management of the Red Army 9.5.39: "2.5.39 Dr. Kleist, the closest employee of the German imperial foreign minister and member of the Bureau of Ribbentrop, stayed in Warsaw. In one of his conversations, Kleist painted the following picture of the political situation:
“According to Hitler’s own statement made in a conversation with Ribbentrop, Germany is currently experiencing a phase of its absolute military consolidation in the East, which, despite ideological considerations, must be achieved by any means necessary. The merciless cleansing of the East will be followed by the “western stage”, which will have to end. defeat france and england, whether by military or political means. Only after this will it be possible to count on the feasibility of defeating the Soviet Union....
If Poland does not agree with the German proposals and does not capitulate in the coming weeks, which can hardly be assumed, then in July-August it will be subjected to military attack. Polish General Staff hopes that hostilities can begin in the fall, after the harvest.
By surprise, we hope to crush Poland and achieve quick success. The great strategic resistance of the Polish army must be broken in 8-14 days. The attack on Poland must be fought simultaneously - from the German eastern border, from Slovakia, the Carpathian Ukraine and East Prussia ...
This whole project causes only one concern in Germany - possible Soviet response. In the event of a conflict, we want under any circumstances to achieve the neutrality of the USSR ...
We are of the opinion that the conflict with Poland can be localized. England and France are still not ready to speak on the side of Poland. If we break Poland’s main resistance in a short time, England will demonstrate fleetFrance rattles weapons for his line Maginot - this case will end. If, contrary to expectations, the European war, in connection with the statement against Poland, would be a likely factthen we will know that the German strike against Poland will serve the Western states only reason for war against Germanythat proactive war against Germany is decided...
The German command is convinced of its victory, the decisive moment of which will be for our aircraft. According to the calculations of German military experts, all British ports can be destroyed within six hours. The devastating effect of German aviation has so far been demonstrated only once: in the Spanish Civil War near Gernicky. The success was awesome. The city was leveled. In this light, the conquest of France and England is not too difficult. America will not be in time with its intervention, and the Soviet Union will be neutral ...»
The international situation and the actions of countries in the near future are predicted quite well. Germany at this time is more afraid of the Red Army than the armed forces of Britain and France.
20.05. Germany proposed the USSR to resume economic negotiations.
The Soviet side hinted at the need to bring the relationship of "political base".
Berlin from London received information about difficulties in the Anglo-French-Soviet negotiations.
France probes Germany’s position on improving relations.
21.05. Germany decided not to rush things in Moscow.
22.05. signed "Steel Pact" between Germany and Italy.
24.05. England decided to maintain negotiations in Moscow for some time.
23-30 May. English-Polish negotiations. London promised to provide 1300 combat aircraft and undertake aerial bombardment of Germany in the event of aggression against Poland.
27.05. Moscow has received new Anglo-French proposals: an agreement on mutual assistance for 5 years and so on.
30.05. Having learned on the proposals of the USSR from Britain and France, Germany specifies in Moscow what the phrase about the “political base” means.
31.05. At the session of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, V. Molotov criticized the position of Britain and France in negotiations that did not want to give guarantees to the Baltic countries [about aggression against these countries].
2.06 resumed Soviet-German economic contacts.
The USSR presented Britain and France with a new draft treaty.
Estonia and Latvia were against guarantees from Britain, France and the USSR.
07.06. Latvia and Estonia have concluded non-aggression treaties with Germany.
06-07 June. Britain and France spoke in favor of an agreement with the USSR.
08.06. Germany has achieved from the USSR agreement on the resumption of economic negotiations.
12.06. Moscow notified London that without guarantees the Baltic countries would not agree to sign the treaty.
13.06. Britain probed Germany’s position on the curtailment of the arms race, the economic agreement and the colonies.
15.06. Berlin hinted to London that the British guarantees of Poland provoke Germany to use force and need to withdraw them. The final version of the Weiss plan has been prepared.
16.06. The USSR again demanded that Britain and France reciprocate and guarantee the Baltic countries or conclude a simple tripartite agreement without guarantees to third countries.
17.06. The economic contacts of Germany and the USSR failed. Germany considered the proposals of the Soviet side too high.
21.06. A new Anglo-French proposal of the USSR followed.
22.06. The USSR again proposed the conclusion of a simple tripartite agreement.
27.06. England once again probed the position of Germany on the subject of negotiations.
The economic contacts of Germany and the USSR failed. Germany again considered the proposals of the Soviet side too high.
28.06. Germany declared the need to normalize Soviet-German relations.
In June, during the regular Anglo-French negotiations, it's decidedthat the allies will not help Poland. They will try to keep Italy from entering the war and will not take blows to Germany.
During the Anglo-Polish negotiations, it turned out that England will not be supply the latest military equipment, and the credit for military needs requested by the Poles was cut from 50 to 8 million pounds sterling.
Germany still has not received a firm answer: what will Britain and France do in the case of the German-Polish war.
01.07. Britain and France agreed with the USSR proposals on guarantees to the Baltic countries.
Moscow hinted to Berlin that "nothing prevents Germany from proving the seriousness of its desire to improve relations».
03.07. The USSR refused to guarantee the Netherlands, Luxembourg and Switzerland, putting the condition of guarantees the conclusion of bilateral agreements with Poland and Turkey [we are talking about non-aggression].
07.07. Germany decided to resume economic contacts under Soviet conditions.
08.07. Britain and France noted that the treaty as a whole was agreed, but a discussion about “indirect aggression” began.
Germany agreed to a secret meeting with the British.
Special Post 5-th Office of the Red Army 9.7.39: "I present the translation of the material characterizing the future plans of the German aggression against Poland, expressed by the head. Eastern Division of Ribbentrop Kleist in the conversation with our source in the period between 17 and 19 in June of this year.
The material in some part develops and complements Kleist's previous statements regarding the policy of Germany towards the Soviet Union and the position of the latter in the upcoming German-Polish conflict. Germany's attack on Poland, according to Kleist, is planned in August - September, while, according to his previous message, should occur in July... »
10.07. England decided to reach a compromise with the USSR on the basis of mutual concessions, but "providing free hand so that you can declare that we are not obligated to enter warsуbecause they disagree with her interpretation of the facts.". It turned out that Moscow is not making concessions.
17-19.07. Poland was visited by an English general, W. Ironside. Made sure she will not be able to resist the German offensive for a long time and they did nothing about strengthening Poland’s defense. Everything goes according to plan...
18.07. In Berlin, continued economic contacts between Germany and the USSR. The USSR made some concessions.
19.07. The British leadership decided to never recognize the Soviet formulation of "indirect aggression", but to go on further negotiations in order to impede Soviet-German contacts.
22.07. Germany decided to resume the political probe of the position of the USSR.
23.07. Britain and France agreed to the military negotiations proposed by Moscow, and 25.07 notified her.
24.07. Germany once again probed the USSR, offering to take into account Soviet interests in Romania and in the Baltic States in exchange for the refusal of the treaty with England.
22-25.07. An agreement was reached on an informal meeting in Schleswig Germany and England.
We learned about these contacts in France and 24.07 passed information to the press.
The author used materials from the article. Yuri Rubtsov "The credit for the world war, Hitler took from America."
The ending should ...
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