Stories about weapons. Anti-aircraft gun KS-19

The story begins with the famous 1945 events of the year, namely the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The results of the bombing could not fail to make a proper impression on the Soviet leadership. Plus, the Americans had a B-36 plane that was able to fly 11 000 kilometers at an altitude of 15 kilometers.

B-36 on the right. Left B-29, the hero of the atomic bombing

The situation “must do something” at its best.

Lev Veniaminovich Lyulyev, Chief Designer of the Sverdlovsk Machine-Building Design Bureau (SMKB) Novator, Sverdlovsk Region, twice Hero of Socialist Labor, became the one who solved the problem of protecting the country's airspace.

An experimental series of four KS-19 was made, at the factory number 8 in September 1947 of the year and passed the factory tests in the same month. According to the results of military tests, the KS-19 was recommended for use.

The Soviet Army 100-mm anti-aircraft gun model 1947 g. (KS-19) was adopted in March 1948 g.

The KS-19 provided combat against air targets that had a speed of up to 1200 km / h and a height of up to 15 km. All elements of the complex in a combat position were interconnected by an electrically conductive connection.

Aiming the gun to the preemption point was carried out with a GAZ-100 hydropower actuator from PUAZO. But in the event of damage to the drives or control cables, manual targeting is possible.

The following operations were fully mechanized in the KS-19 cannon: installation of the fuse, filling in the cartridge, closing the bolt, firing the shot, opening the bolt and extracting the sleeve.

Modes of firing:
13 shots per minute 1;
45 shots in 5 minutes;
110 shots in 60 minutes;
160 shots for 120 minutes.

Attacking the next target with a readjustment of guidance angles is possible no less than in 2,5 minutes.

For automatic remote targeting in azimuth and elevation angle of eight or less KS-19 guns and automatic entry of values ​​into AUV, the GSP-100M system was used to install a fuse according to PUAZO data.

The power supply was an SSE-AO power station, which produces three-phase current with voltage 23- / 133 V and frequency 50 Hz.

Also, the KS-19 complex included the CON-4 gun-tracking radar.

The SON-4 was a two-axle towed van, on the roof of which a rotating antenna with a diameter of 1,8 m was mounted with an asymmetrical rotation of the radiator. Had three modes of operation:
- all-round view for target detection and monitoring of the air situation using the circular view indicator;
- manual antenna control for detecting targets in the sector before switching to automatic tracking and for rough determination of coordinates;
- automatic tracking of the target by angular coordinates for accurate determination of the azimuth and angle together in automatic mode and slant range.

KS-19 device

The barrel of the gun consists of a pipe, breech, coupling, lining with a basting, muzzle brake and nut.

The shutter is vertical wedge semi-automatic.

The cradle is molded; it has a clip with three holes in the front: one as a cylinder for a rollback brake - an idler, two for roll up brake cylinders.

The mechanism for changing the length of the rollback assembled on the right side of the cradle.

The rammer is hydropneumatic. Before the first shot, the rammer is cocked manually using a winch, then the mailing is done at the expense of the recoil energy.

The lifting mechanism has one toothed sector attached to the cradle. The lifting mechanism operates on hydraulic drive and manually.

Spring balancing mechanism.

The machine is a welded structure consisting of a cast base, right and left cheeks, reinforced stiffener, front and rear connection.

KZU-16 platform is four-axle, torsion suspension. Trolleybus type wheels with a GC tire.

TTX KS-19:

Caliber - 100 mm
The initial speed of the distance grenade O-415 - 900 m / s
The weight of the projectile O-415 - 15,6 kg
Charge weight NDT-3 18 / 1 - kg 5,5
The height of the projectile reach (with an elevation angle 85 °):
- for a grenade with an AP-21 fuse - km 15,4
- for a grenade with a BM-45 fuse (on the fuse) - 14,9 km
- for grenades with fuses VM-30, VM-30-L and VM-30-L1 (on the fuse) - 12,7 km

Horizon reach is about 21 km
Rate of Fire - 14-15 shots per minute
The elevation angle of elevation is from —3 ° to + 85 °
Limits of azimuth guidance:
- without VKU - ± 720 °
- with VKU - unlimited

The transition time from the traveling position to the combat position and back without driving or removing the openers (with a trained calculation) is about 5 min
The weight of the gun in the combat position - 9350 kg
The weight of the gun in the stowed position - 9460 kg ± 2%

Allowable travel speeds:
- on asphalt roads - no more than 35 km / h
- on country and cobbled roads - no more than 20 km / h
- on the territory without roads - no more than 10 km / h

Number of gun crew numbers - 7 people

The cooling time of the barrel - 1-1,5 min
The time from the command to cool the barrel to the readiness of the gun to open fire is 3-4 min (if there is ice in the tank, about 6 min)

From 1948 to 1955, the 10 151 KS-19 cannon was manufactured.

Currently, the KS-19 anti-aircraft complex is in service with a number of countries, mainly in Africa and the Middle East, and is also used by the avalanche services for the precautionary descent of avalanches, as well as for dispersing hail clouds.

The KS-19 anti-aircraft systems took part in all modern conflicts in Africa and the Middle East, however 100% of the evidence of downed aircraft is not available.

Comments

[Bongo]

The KS-19 anti-aircraft systems took part in all modern conflicts in Africa and the Middle East, however 100% of the evidence of downed aircraft is not available.

The biggest conflict involving the 100-mm anti-aircraft gun KS-19 was the Vietnam War. And there is not any doubt that on the account of these guns there are downed American planes.

[hohol95]

February 26, 1992 by 4 o’clock in the morning the last centers of resistance were suppressed in Khojaly. The garrison was defeated. Almost all military equipment located in Khojaly: two MLRS BM-21 Grad, four modified missile launchers Alazan, one 100-mm gun KS-19 and three units of armored vehicles, went to the NKR Defense Army fighters as trophies.

In the territory of the former USSR, these guns also fought.

[VictorZhivilov]

The last of the Magikans ... even a great anti-aircraft gun. The apogee of the barrel anti-aircraft artillery. If in the USSR, with due zeal, they approached the creation of missiles, then KS-19 might not have existed. And, the premise for the creation of missiles was very good.

“The design of the Reintochter R1 missile, which was not used in combat conditions, contained several ideas at once that were ahead of their time and fruitfully used in the post-war time by many designers of missiles of various countries, including the USSR.
The missile was the first two-stage in the world practice with a transverse separation of stages, which became classic in the design of missiles.
For the first time the aerodynamic configuration “duck” was used, which is reflected in many subsequent developments of anti-aircraft guided missiles. A distinctive feature of this scheme is the location of the air control rudders in front of the fuselage, in front of the bearing planes.
Both stages of the rocket were solid fuel, which corresponds to the most modern trends in the creation of military missiles. If in the 1950s and 60s of the XX century liquid marching stages of rockets prevailed (due to the higher energy characteristics of liquid fuel), then, starting in the 1970s, with the development of more efficient solid fuel samples, in the design of military missiles of all classes of preference is precisely rocket engines of solid fuel (due to higher mobility and combat readiness). Thus, the Reintochter R1 in 1942 embodied the ideals of the XNUMXst century, although due to the low characteristics of the solid fuel of that era, these ideas could not be developed to a proper degree.
For the first time in rocket engineering, engineering plastics were widely used, in particular for the manufacture of aerodynamic control wheels, central and tail units. "Source: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B9 %
D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80

http://warwall.ru/photo/artillerija/rheintochter_
r_1 / 5-0-6254

Modes of firing:
13 shots per minute 1;
45 shots in 5 minutes;
110 shots in 60 minutes;
160 shots for 120 minutes.

With such a rate of fire, it turns out directly apparatus for the destruction of ammunition.

[Amateur]

"The time from issuing the command" Cool barrel "to the readiness of the gun to open fire - 3-4 minutes (in the presence of ice in the tank - about 6 minutes)."? Hot ice (like that of Y. Bondarev) or Higher Literary Education? (well their math, nasty ...)

[Curious]

Yes, that's okay, but the technical pearl
"Azimuth guidance limits:
- without VKU - ± 720 °
- with VKU - unlimited "
puzzled me.

[Mooh]

Perhaps we are talking about freezing the coolant in the barrel cooling system and, accordingly, the barrel cooling time increases by the time the cooling system defrosts.

[Mihail28]

With VKU (rotating contact device) everything is simple.
The power cables from POISO are connected to the connectors on the fixed part of the gun carriage, and the executive motors and part of the electrical equipment are on the rotating part of the gun carriage.
If there is a VKU in the gun, then the rotating part of the gun carriage can rotate in azimuth without restrictions. Actually for this, the VKU is intended.
And if there is no VKU, then the possibility of rotation is limited by the possibility of twisting the wires between the fixed and rotating parts of the carriage inside the gun. In this case, two full turns (± 720 °) in each direction relative to the starting position. If you rotate further (third revolution), it will break off the wires inside the carriage, providing control of the guidance drives from the POISO.
Approximately, how limited the rotation of the steering wheel of the car in each direction from the zero position to the stop in each direction, and the number of revolutions is determined by the design of the steering mechanism.

[Curious]

And why turn the gun around its axis in one direction several times? This is not a 20 mm machine, the calculation of which reflects the attack of low-flying attack aircraft.

[Narak-zempo]

At least 180 accounts for the shelling of a group of aircraft passing over the position, and then back when they return. And the calculation in battle is obliged to remember in which direction he turned, so that later he could "spin"?

[Curious]

Yeah! Airplanes fly over the position there - they turned 180. Then they fly from there - they forgot 180 more. The next raid - again. The third raid - and all broke off. Those. with an error in the calculation of turns, the battery life is three raids.

[Alexey RA]

Quote: Curious

Yeah! Airplanes fly over the position there - they turned 180. Then they fly from there - they forgot 180 more. The next raid - again.

Seriously, the situation is quite possible when, after one target leaves the firing zone, the gun will be deployed, for example, from zero for 4-5 hours. And here another goal may appear - for 7-8 hours. Turned clockwise - and after this target leaves the firing zone, the gun will be deployed for 12 hours. And so several times.
Plus, there are situations like stellar raids when you need to quickly move on to firing on the most dangerous targets. In this situation, you can forget how many degrees the gun has already been deployed.

[Curious]

The gun is designed to hit high flying targets. And you are describing a raid of torpedo bombers and a dive on a ship.

[Alexey RA]

Quote: Amateur

"The time from issuing the command" Cool barrel "to the readiness of the gun to open fire - 3-4 minutes (in the presence of ice in the tank - about 6 minutes)."? Hot ice (like that of Y. Bondarev) or Higher Literary Education? (well their math, nasty ...)

PMSM, everything is simpler - if there is ice, additional time is needed to allow it to melt.

[igordok]

As a monument, the barrel of the KS-19, surrounded by its smaller caliber counterparts, is installed on the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Pskov.

[Parsec]

"The power source was the power station SPO-ZO, which produces a three-phase current with a voltage of 23- / 133 V and a frequency of 50 Hz."

Error. The gun power station SPO-30 produces a three-phase 230 V 50 Hz, can operate from an external power source of 220 V or 380 V (city network).
The SPL-30 station of the first releases produced 127 V 50 Hz and could operate from an external source of 220 V 50 Hz.
Later SPL-30 also produced 220 V 50 Hz three-phase.

God be with them, volts and phases.
Error "23- / 133 V" is reproduced on hundreds of pages, and in serious, it would seem, online publications. Okay / 133, people who know will understand that speech is from 127 V, but "23- /" goes easily. How to provide at the same time 6 (But generally up to 8!) Drives with an output of 23 V, no one thinks.

[hohol95]

Dear Have you ever seen a 48 (42) VDC incandescent lamp? I have not seen it yet! But in the passports for metal-cutting machine tools of the Soviet era it was indicated - the voltage of the lighting network of the machine is not more than 48 (42) VOLTS for the actual use of 36 V DC lamps on the machines!
Perhaps in this case, the maximum permissible value of 133 V is indicated instead of the nominal 127 V!

[Mihail28]

If the interphase voltage of a three-phase network is 230 volts, then the phase voltage relative to zero will be 133 volts.
If the interphase voltage is 220 volts, then the phase voltage is 127 volts.
(aspect ratio of an equilateral triangle and the radius of the circumscribed circle)
Or 230/133
or 220/127

[Mikhail Matyugin]

Thank you dear Roman for a great article! Indeed, one of the final projects of the stem anti-aircraft artillery in the USSR. But somehow suspiciously, especially in terms of the layout and communication with the radar station, it resembles the German heavy anti-aircraft guns of the end of World War II (except that Soviet designers decided not to reach the twin and built-up barrel barrels in the anti-aircraft towers). Moreover, it’s clear on the dates - development in 1945-46, release from 1947-48, apparently brought trophies from defeated Germany, and they worked quickly in our design bureaus, creatively rethought them and applied them to the Soviet industry.

[Mihail28]

Again we turn to Wikipedia.
90 mm anti-aircraft gun M2.
It was developed in the USA in 1942, during the Great Patriotic War it was supplied to the USSR under Lend-Lease. It was used in the Great Patriotic War, and after its end was in service with the Soviet Army until the adoption of anti-aircraft missile systems.

In 1944, the 90 mm semi-automatic M2 anti-aircraft gun, created on the basis of the 90 mm M1 gun, was adopted by the Second World War. This is the latest semi-automatic anti-aircraft gun created in the United States. To aim the artillery battery, the SCR-268 radar was used, and at the end of World War II, the SCR-584.
According to American documents under the Lend-Lease agreement, 4 SCR-268 were sent for France and 25 for the USSR.
Also on the Internet there is the “Service Manual for the Artillery Anti-aircraft Radar Station SCR-584-B,” published in 1947, for stations supplied by Lend-Lease.

[Mihail28]

Quote: VictorZhivilov

The last of the Magikans ... even a great anti-aircraft gun. The apogee of the barrel anti-aircraft artillery.

Just thought:
(from Wikipedia) "KS-30 - Soviet anti-aircraft gun caliber 130 mm. Chief designer - L. V. Lyulyev.
Issued 738 pcs. "
Or were the KS-19 penultimate?

[Nikolaevich I]

Quote: Michael28

Or COP-19 were the penultimate

Not really ... Yes ... the 130-mm KS-30 anti-aircraft guns were in service .. (. By the way, there is a story related to the events in Nagorno-Karabakh in the last century when the Russian military had to organize an operation to export and destroy guns KS-30 from an abandoned storage facility ...) But in the USSR, the 152-mm anti-aircraft gun KM-52 was also created .... so it was ... the last one! From KM-52 were organized ... somewhere, 2 batteries (16 guns) for the purpose of trial operation ....

[Mihail28]

Pilot operation and Adopted - this is not only in Odessa two big differences.
If "Adopted" did not follow, then the purpose of the trial operation failed.
Or vice versa, it was a success, in the sense: a negative result is also a result.

[Nikolaevich I]

1. And where did I say in THIS comment that the KM-52 was adopted?
But these guns were in the army! (Who dares to state that there wasn’t? )
2.

Quote: Michael28

the trial operation target failed.

This is not the point! Just the "era" of this weapon then ended! Elementary Watson !
PS But I do not deny that at the new technological revolution "large-caliber" anti-aircraft guns (or, "guns" ...) can be reborn! ...

[Parsec]

100-mm anti-aircraft guns began to be developed in the USSR in 1930. By 1940, they received an acceptable option, the 100-mm 73-K, and then the war.
KS-19 were the penultimate, adopted.
Then there were 152-mm, and 180-mm.

[Nikolaevich I]

Quote: Parsec

Then there were 152-mm, and 180-mm.

152-mm anti-aircraft guns were .... and, even, in trial operation (KM-52).
180-mm guns (anti-aircraft ...) was not !!! There was only a project that was quickly “fucked up” ... (The Germans had a project of the 240-mm anti-aircraft guns .... well, so what? Now you can find starship projects on the Internet, but that does not mean that they are. ..)

[dgonni]

Finished anti-aircraft gun based on the results of the war with the involvement of German experience and technology. good machine turned

[Parsec]

And what will you do as soon as the Ukrainian flag, so immediately German experience and German technology.
Already a quote from the wiki was given about 90-mm guns, and the "Manual of the service of the artillery anti-aircraft radar station SCR-584-B", published in 1947, was mentioned, but still the fifth time it reads about German technology.
SON-4A is just a copy of SCR-584.
American is a technology with English roots.

[Rey_ka]

Trolleybus wheels !? That's the unification today we release the trolley tomorrow the carriage for anti-aircraft guns!

[ln_ln]

Here is the Chinese version of the "type 59", the conveyor for shots is visible on the left.
We didn't have that?