Russian Navy is on the verge of failure in the global race of strategic naval anti-missile defense
Alarm shaft Newsconcerning the pace of development of shipboard air defense and missile defense systems in the Middle Kingdom and the United States, flooded into the vastness of the World Wide Web in May 2018. And if you carefully look at the situation not from a cheers-patriotic point of view, but from the point of view of a really emerging picture based on the performance characteristics of new models of equipment described by numerous foreign media, then you will quickly lose the desire to shout loudly about unreasonable alarmism.
Information about launching the second promising Chinese missile control destroyer weapons Type 055 appeared 28 on April 2018 of the year, while the head ship was launched on 28 on June 2017 of the year. These sisterships are built on the Shanghai shipyard of the company “Jiangnan Shipyard (Group)”; The remaining 4 advanced destroyers of the new class are built at the Dalian Shipbuilding Industry in Dalian, Liaoning Province, along with 4 new destroyers of a smaller displacement Type 052D. A pair of EMs under construction, the 055 Type from this “Dalian Four”, is also practically ready to be launched, which is very eloquently indicated by not so high-quality, but rather informative photos from Chinese amateur naval engineers who flew a passenger airliner. Here you can see that 2 EM are in dry dock, at the final stage of construction. What do we have here?
Firstly, it’s a staggering pace of production of Chinese surface ships with a displacement of more than 7000 tons, which since 2010 can boast that each new destroyer of the 052C Lanzhou, 052D Kunming and 055 departs from the slipways of the Jiangan and Dalian shipyards every 6 -10 months. This figure is absolutely commensurate with the production rate of American Arleigh Burke URO destroyers of Flight I / II / IIA modifications at Bath Iron Works and Ingalls Shipbuilding owned by General Dynamics and Northrop Grumman Ship Systems . It was from 2010 that the non-stop production of Type 052C destroyers began, starting with Changchun (tail number 150). Our shipyard JSC Baltic Shipyard Yantar also boasts an accelerated launch of frigates of the Admiral Series of project 11356, designed to update the Black Sea fleet Russian Navy. But, alas, this only applies to launching and adopting the so-called “first three” ships of this type, which are actively participating in the “Syrian Express” today. The commissioning of the Black Sea Fleet of the second three of the data of the “guard” (“Admiral Butakov”, “Admiral Istomin” and “Admiral”) is unambiguously delayed until the beginning of the 20s.
As you know, this was due to the long-term dependence of the Russian military shipbuilding on the Zorya-Mashproekt production complex, located on the territory of Ukraine (in the city of Nikolaev), which, after the start of Ukrainian aggression against LDNR, ceased cooperation with the Russian Defense Ministry in connection with the relevant legislative acts , prepared by the regime of Poroshenko. It was this company that in 1981 developed for the 1164 “Atlant” missile cruisers the promising 110000-strong combined gas-turbine installation M21 of the COGAS type, represented by two sustainer GTE М70 with the total power of 14700 kW and four afterburner GTE М90 with the total power of 32NXX Much to our happiness, the problem “No. 58839” with the refusal of the “Dawn” - “Mashproekt” from the delivery of the “Severnaya Verf” and “Yantar” to the gas-turbine installations М1Н7Е was decided by the beginning of this year: the serial production of analogues of the Ukrainian unit will be mastered ODK-Saturn (Rybinsk).
But after all, the capabilities of the Russian Navy in solving the main range of tasks in the far sea zone after descending from the stocks of the “second three” patrol ships of the “Burevestnik” class will increase, but only slightly. Why? Despite the excellent tactical and technical characteristics of the ship's “Shtil-1” anti-aircraft missile system, provided by the high-speed engines of the modular TLU 3C90.1 (about 2 seconds) and the use of highly advanced 9X317ME graphics systems in the beginning of the group of architects in the beginning of the group of the Bank of the NIHXXXX9E high-level anti-aircraft 317X24E 84 anti-aircraft missile interceptor 158X9.317; gas jet system vector deviation), its ammunition is only 4 anti-aircraft missiles, which is extremely insufficient to reflect the order of the ship strike group massed protivokorabel s missile strikes tens such as AGM / UGM-4G / N (the air and underwater start) sverhdalnoboynyh AGM-90C LRASM, as well as promising Norwegian NSM. Much to our regret, the XNUMXМXNUMXМЭ / А interceptor missile ammunition cannot even compensate for the XNUMX channel guidance system provided by the XNUMX “radar searchlights” of the Orekh X-band target illumination. The situation can only be corrected by additional installation of the combat module of the Pantsir-M naval anti-aircraft missile and artillery complex, or by its deeply improved modification using improved hypersonic missiles that are being developed today for the Pantsir-SM ground version.
The unit of the gas-jet system for the deflection of the thrust vector of the anti-aircraft guided missile 9М317МЭ
Ammunition of strike weapons, located on board the Burevestnik, is also not sufficient to deliver tangible strikes at enemy coastal strategic objects, covered with a powerful anti-missile "barrier" based on modern multi-channel SAM-SAM, NASAMS, SLAMRAAM, as well as " Land Ceptor ": 8 subsonic strategic cruise missiles such as 3М14Т, housed in the 1x8 universal built-in launcher 3C14E UKSK, have very low (like" Tomahawki ") flight-technical qualities, and therefore will ogkimi targets for interceptors type «Aster-30», AIM-120C-5- / 7 / D AMRAAM and CAMM / -ER, which are equipped with the above SAM. The only positive moment of the impact component of the 11356 project is the use of improved anti-ship types 3М54E from the UKSA, the combat stage of which accelerates to the speed in 3100 km / h on the trajectory flying area, as well as capable of performing vigorous anti-oil maneuvers.
But even this is not an indicator, since modern SM-6 anti-aircraft guided missiles (all Aegis ships of the United States are equipped with them) have active radar homing heads and a range of more than 240 km, which makes it possible to intercept 3М54Е even on the cruising trajectory when airspeed is about 900 km / h. As for the use of 3М55 "Onyx" anti-ship missiles, the "trimmed" modification of the universal vertical 3C14 vertical launcher is not adapted to the placement of these products, just like the promising 91РЭ2 "Caliber-NKE". The “extended” modification of the UKSK - 3С14У is installed on the frigates of the 22350 “Admiral Gorshkov” project.
As an example for comparing the “Petrel” class patrol ships with western counterparts, the Spanish Aegis frigates of the Alvaro de Bazan class F-100 project, which have a close standard displacement of 4555 tons, are the most objective to consider. The frigates of this project are equipped with a universal vertical launcher Mk 41 VLS with 48 cells designed for installation of transport-launch containers Mk 13 (for placing interceptor missile interceptors of the type SM-2 Block IIIA / B), Mk 15 (for anti-submarine missiles RUM-139A / B Mod 5AS / SW (“Asroc-VLA”), Mk 25 (to accommodate a quad module with 4 SAM RIM-162 ESSM), Mk 14 (for Tomahawks) and Mk 21 (for exo-atmospheric SM-3 intercoms and long-range missiles SM-6 and far-range MK 15 (for exo-atmospheric SM-16 intercoms and long-range anti-ballistic missiles SM-41 and M-45) missiles SM-3.) As you can see, with a slightly larger (by 8-141%) displacement of Spanish frigates, the total their UHPU Mk 53 ammunition set (32 cells used for rockets and 25 cells for loading device), as well as 162 inclined TPK Mk 15 for “Harpoons” reaches 41 of the main types of missiles (“Standards”, “Asroki” and “Harpoons”), While the “admiral frigates" have only 90. However, after installing the Mk XNUMX transport-launch containers for self-defense RIM-XNUMXA self-defense missiles at least in the XNUMX Mk XNUMX cells available on the Alvaro de Bazan, the total number of missiles can compile XNUMX units; and with a noticeable declination of the ratio in the direction of anti-aircraft missile weapons.
We will return to the consideration of promising Chinese squadron destroyers of Type 055 missile control. Considering their planned full displacement in 12300 tons, the 055 project is much more logical to rank not as a destroyer class, but as a multi-purpose missile cruiser. The arsenal of weapons of these ships is very impressive: in the photographs of the preparation for launching the first pair of EMs, the 055 Type, it is clearly seen that the ammunition set of numerous types of missiles is housed in the 64 transport-launch "glasses" of the bow modular universal launcher, and also 48 similar fodder launchers installations, which in the amount of 2,33 is more than the number of our frigates of the 22350 “Admiral Gorshkov” project (taking into account the TLU of the Redut complex on 32 cells and 16 cells of the impact complex UKSC). Naturally, the Admiral Gorshkov class SC anti-aircraft ammunition can be increased exactly 4 times thanks to the introduction of the 9М100 short-range self-defense anti-aircraft missiles, but the Type 055 has a similar trump card comparable to the American R4-162 development report, which has been used by a similar development report of the RIM-10, has a similar figure, a similar value to the US-based RIM-XNUMX development report, a similar development report, a RIM-XNUMX, has a similar response level, a similar to the US-based RIM-XNUMX anti-detachment unit, there was a similar response rate from a RIM-XNUMX development report that was used by a report’s rant-10 We are talking about the DK-XNUMXA medium-range guided missile, originally intended for use as part of the Chinese Sky Dragon ground-to-air missile system.
The product is developed on the basis of a PL-12 air-to-air guided missile and, unlike the existing version of the RIM-162A ESSM missile with a semi-active RGSN, is equipped with an active radar seeker of the 9B1348 type (it is the basis for guidance of the Russian URV P-77 radar) when reflected a massive anti-ship strike makes it possible to unload the bandwidth of 4's multichannel AFAR-X-band radar installed in the upper pyramidal ship superstructure as well as to unload the operator terminals This combat information and control system of the type H / ZBJ-1, which is positioned as an analogue of the USE "Aegis". The tasks of targeting for anti-aircraft missiles DK-10A may be employed as the above centimeter radar tracking and illumination on an upper pyramidal superstructure and 4-sided UHF review AFAR, radar and tracking Type 346B, which is analogous to the American radar complexes AN / SPY-1A / D (V), placed on the cruisers "Ticonderoga" and "Arley Burke". Meanwhile, according to information from Chinese sources, the main advantage of the Type 346B and the new 4-sided centimeter antenna post before the RL-architecture of the American Aegis is the use of gallium nitride-based receiving and transmitting modules, which are the Raytheon and General Dynamics is just beginning to use the first prototypes of the advanced AMDR radar complex, which will be placed on new versions of the Arleigh Burke Flight III EM.
Developed with the close support of Russian specialists, the DK-10A is equipped with a “high-torque” and “long-playing” dual-mode solid-fuel rocket engine that provides airspeed ranging from 3,5 to 4,5M, a range of 50 km and decent energy performance to perform maneuvers when intercepting a target at distances close to to extreme frontiers of action. The design of the rocket is designed for overload in 38G, which is comparable with the RIM-162ESSM. The 50 055 ZK DK-200A 10 80 4 48 160 XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX Squadron XNUMX squadrons (XNUMX units) of the “Super Horns” can also be reflected, and there are only 16 existing patterns in the drawing, and there are only 16 existing patterns in the rest of the file, and there are only 16 existing patterns in the drawing, and there are only 16 existing patterns that the rest of the Super Horns, and the rest of the characters are the same, and there is a rest, there are only 16 hrs, and there are only 16 hrs in the drawing, and there are only 16 hrs in the drawing, and there are only 16 hrs in the drawing, and there are only 16 hrs in the drawing, and there are only 16 hrs in the drawing, and there are only 16 hrs in the drawing; or LRASM.
As we noted earlier, our 22350 Admiral Gorshkov frigates also have 9М100 self-defense missile systems, but their range in 15 km (unlike KNUMX km from DK-50A) does not allow working with anti-ship missiles, which have already been released due to 10-27-kilometer radio horizon and sent to the defended ship. Reduta operators will either have to wait for the 30-kilometer approach, or attack some targets with expensive 15М9ДМ, which are designed to intercept super-maneuverable high-altitude ballistic objects and high-speed elements of the enemy’s precision weapons. A very interesting detail is the control system 96М9. Most analytical sources in the Russian Internet space have not reached a common opinion on this difficult issue. The defense ministry and the developer of this information are also in no hurry to make public.
The DK-10A medium-range anti-aircraft guided missile (left) is adapted for use from the universal modular vertical PU of Chinese EM Type 052D and Type 055
Some declare inertial targeting with radio correction and additional ICGSN, others speak of ARGSN and radio correction. Nevertheless, having carefully studied the 9M100 model in the exposition of the International Aviation and Space Salon MAKS-2017, as well as photographs of the missiles launched from the TLU “Redoubt” during the tests, the infrared-guided version immediately comes to the last plan, it is also hard to believe in ARGSN. On the face, an analogue of short-range missiles 9М331 of the “Tor-М1” complex with a radio command guidance system using the Polyment multifunctional radar complex. On the "Torahs", this principle proved to be excellent, but when repelling the "star raid" of anti-ship and anti-radar missiles from several directions at once, there will be noticeable shortcomings of radio command guidance.
In particular, the number of simultaneously fired targets will not exceed the target channel of the Polymer radar (16 targets, 4 units per antenna array), and this is not so much if we consider the situation from the point of view of the enemy’s huge WTO nomenclature on modern network centric theater. The number of Chinese DK-10A missiles with ARGSN or those at the final stage of development of RIM-162B ESSM Block II (for the American fleet) launched on enemy sites will be equivalent to the onboard CICS capacity (22 units for Ijisa and more for China’s H / ZBJ-1X). At the same time, such a channel can be achieved in one rocket-hazardous sector, while one or two Polymer antenna cans can direct 9М100 only to 4 and 8 targets in a narrow sector, respectively. This is one of the visible drawbacks of using the 9М100 missile defense system in repelling massive attacks, which can be partially compensated by using the Palash anti-aircraft missile and artillery systems.
At the end of our review, I would like to draw attention to the capabilities of our shipborne anti-aircraft missile systems to create long-range endoatmospheric and exoatmospheric “missile defense umbrellas”. The situation here is extremely ambiguous and today has a hazy future. It is known that these functions (as applied to the endoatmospheric site at altitudes up to 35 km) are supposed to be assigned only to the Redut complexes installed on corvettes of 20380 Ave, frigates of 22350 Ave. and the modernized heavy nuclear missile cruiser of 1144.2 Ave. Admiral Nakhimov. The fulfillment of this task is still possible only by the 9М96DM anti-aircraft missiles with a range of up to 130-150 km, the possibility of self-targeting by ARGSN (no load on the carrier's BIOS) on the final leg of the flight, as well as the ability to hit a small-sized maneuvering target at the height of 35 km direct hit due to the use of transverse-controlled gas-dynamic engines. All anything, but about successful test interception of air targets by means of 9М96ДМ at the extreme ranges from the sides of the ships of the above projects, nothing is reported.
Thus, according to Izvestia, with reference to an unnamed representative of the Air Forces Commander-in-Chief, who oversaw the 9М96DM and 9М100 reception activities in 2013, it was clear that the guidance of the above-mentioned types of anti-aircraft missiles to the level of operational readiness was noticeably slowing down, and this is causing the tool to notice the missile to the level of operational combat readiness noticeably slips, and this causes the tool to make the signal more effective. the delay in updating the ammunition of the Triumph C-400 anti-aircraft missile systems, the adoption of the Vityaz advanced C-350 complex, and, of course, the Redut ship complex. For example, until today, the Triumph C-400 air regiments, which are transferred to units of the Aerospace Forces in the 4-s military districts of Russia, have not yet noticed the presence of 5PXNXNXX launchers shortened building block from TPK for anti-aircraft missiles 85М2ДМ, and this already suggests some considerations. Ever since 48, the problem of the steady acquisition of airborne targets of active radar seeker 6М9 has been reported; and whether this problem is not solved today is not yet known.
On Chinese destroyers types 052C / D, as well as 055 as a long-range interceptor used heavy 4,5-primaries and highly maneuverable anti-aircraft guided missiles HQ-9A c actions 200 km range and advanced HQ-9B c expanded to 300 km range and up to 5,5 - 6M by speed. As constructive counterparts of the 48H6Е2 / 3 SAMs, the products performed well in numerous tests over the waters of the South China and East China Seas. According to Chinese resources, in order to improve noise immunity, an infrared sensor was installed in the HQ-9B guidance system, in addition to PARGSN, placed under a specialized opto-transparent window on the side of the missile body (closer to the nose). Meanwhile, in spite of high performance and allowable overloads during interception, neither HQ-9A nor HQ-9B are capable of destroying targets with a hit-to-kill kinetic defeat (like 9М96DM), since the transverse control engines have these products not.
But the Chinese decided not to stop there. So, May 17, a well-known information military-technical resource nevskii-bastion.ru (“Nevsky Bastion”), citing Chinese sources, announces the passing of full-scale tests of the exo-atmospheric interceptor HQ-26 “Hunzi-26” from ground-based PU and experimental ship. The product is a powerful accelerating solid-fuel stage with an OVT system according to the Mk72 stage of the RIM-161A / B intercept missiles, as well as an exo-atmospheric interception stage, equipped with several dozen gas-dynamic DPU located at the center of the masses of the stage according to the ZUR 9X96NMHNTMTNMHNMNHNTMNHMNHNTMTN.XMNNXXMNNXXNMXNMXNMXNMXNXTMXNXXXNMXNXXNMXNXMNMXNXMNMXMNMXNMXNMXMXNMXMNMXMTMNMXMNMXRTMNMXNMXNMXTM. as well as the Mk 2 interceptor of the American SM-30 rocket. Combat steps HQ-142 are equipped with highly sensitive ICGSN and, according to some data, in the near future they will be able to destroy MRBM at altitudes of about 3 km, as well as strike small-sized warheads after their breeding. It is supposed to place "Huntsi-26" in transport-launch glasses, as HQ-400A / B, and also DK-26A.
In the Russian Navy, the situation with the embodiment of the anti-missile interceptor intercept in the iron of the anti-missile component is very vague. For example, if before the upgrade of the “Admiral Nakhimov” armament complexes it was rumored that the 1144.2 Ave could be upgraded with the newest C-500 air defense systems using 77H6 exoatmospheric anti-missiles (presumably) to destroy the BR at altitude 200 km and with speeds up to X XNXX with speeds up to X XNXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXY XU of X-9Cs of the X-NUMX. h, then later, unfortunately, the dreams of amateurs were debunked by the installation data of the same “Reduce”. As for the ship’s version of the "500th", the closest project in which our fleet can receive the ability to form "umbrellas" of a strategic missile defense system is the heavy nuclear destroyer of the 25200 Avenue Leader. But all this is still written with pitchforks on the water. After all, it is necessary to finally prepare a new covered slipway of the Severny Shipyard with 23560 slipways, place orders at the Sevmash and Baltiysky Zavod shipyards, plus prepare their capacities. And the increasingly complicated geostrategic situation, which has approached the verge of regional conflicts, can prepare a number of unforeseen economic “surprises”, especially for such a capital-intensive project as a series of Leader-class atomic destroyers.
Information sources:
http://forum.militaryparitet.com/viewtopic.php?id=20578
http://forum.militaryparitet.com/viewtopic.php?id=20581
http://nevskii-bastion.ru/055-china/
http://militaryrussia.ru/blog/topic-13.html
https://tvzvezda.ru/news/opk/content/201801101906-rqb9.htm
http://rbase.new-factoria.ru/missile/wobb/schtil-1/schtil-1.shtml
https://ria.ru/arms/20180111/1512437211.html
http://rbase.new-factoria.ru/missile/wobb/paams/paams.shtml
http://rbase.new-factoria.ru/missile/wobb/standard_2/standard_2.shtml
Information