Back to Berlin. Recycled IL-2 is preparing for a visit to Germany

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For the first time in the last half century, the legendary attack aircraft of the Great Patriotic War Il-2 will appear in the sky of Germany. News.



The reconstructed car at the Berlin air show will be accompanied by the latest composite biplane TVS-2DTS. These planes will represent Russia at the air show, where, in particular, joint flights with historical airplanes of former allies and former adversaries.

“As part of the military-patriotic project“ The Winged Memory of Victory ”was restored and brought to airworthiness front-line attack aircraft Il-2. The machine with the 1872452 serial number in 2012 was raised from the bottom of Lake Krivoe in the Murmansk region. The first flight of the rare IL-2 took place in April 2017. The public presentation of the restored attack aircraft took place at the MAKS-2017 aerospace show, ”the publication reminds.

Aerospace salon ILA Berlin 2018 will be held this summer.

The newspaper notes that IL-2 does not have its own navigation devices, therefore, the TVS-2DTS biplane, created by Russian designers to replace the An-2, will accompany it to the exhibition and back.
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  1. +3
    April 19 2018 10: 18
    I feel they will not allow this .. If only with battles break through hehe
    1. +4
      April 19 2018 10: 23
      Vitaliy .. hi We'll have to recreate the whole air army of these "humpbacked" .. In order to remind you. Where and whose place.
      Quote: MIKHAN
      I feel they will not allow this .. If only with battles break through hehe
      1. +3
        April 19 2018 10: 38
        Quote: 210ox
        Where and whose place.


        Markel Trump about the sanctions they say asks ...

        Dmitry, they already know where their place is ...

        Dmitriy hi
      2. +2
        April 19 2018 12: 13
        Dmitriy hi
        The Il-2 armored attack aircraft were assembled at our aviation plants No. 1 and No. 18 in Kuibyshev and at the aircraft factory No. 30 in Moscow. We collected 74% of the “flying tanks” - 26 units. The monument to the IL-888 attack aircraft was installed here, as one of the symbols of the city, on the 2th anniversary of the Victory in 30 on the central highway of the city - Moskovsky Highway.

        1. 0
          April 20 2018 08: 57
          winked

          _________________________________________________
        2. 0
          April 20 2018 10: 58
          Andrei K:
          I apologize, but the first Ilyush series was released in Voronezh, now VASO, Pridacha airfield, if I am not mistaken. And then there were the rest: Kuibyshev-Samara, Moscow, etc.
          1. +2
            April 20 2018 11: 43
            Quote: fighter angel
            ... I apologize, but the first series of Ilyush was released in Voronezh, now VASO, Pridacha airfield, if I am not mistaken. And then there were the rest: Kuibyshev-Samara, Moscow, etc ....

            You are not mistaken.
            In my commentary, I was not talking about the first batches of IL-2 produced by the aircraft factory No. 18 of the city of Voronezh, but about the main production of this aircraft in my hometown. As I said, almost 3/4 of these aircraft were released by two Kuybyshev aircraft plants. Kuibyshev, in the release of IL-2, is not the "rest" - he is rightfully the main one.
            1. +1
              April 20 2018 12: 03
              But the first one was Voronezh! And it was from Voronezh to Samara that the IL-2 production was evacuated / transferred, the personnel of the Voronezh plant set up work for you, in Samara, on Il-2. The famous Shankman, to whom Stalin sent the "legendary telegram" with extreme warning, is the director of the Voronezh aircraft plant. And as for the fact that the bulk of the IL-2 was released in Kuibyshev, I don’t argue here, I pay tribute to your wonderful fellow countrymen-aircraft builders!
              1. +1
                April 20 2018 12: 37
                Quote: fighter angel
                ... But the first all the same was Voronezh! ...

                I didn’t even argue with you that the first was Voronezh. It was he who started to produce, and then after the evacuation, the same aircraft factory No. 18 (even the number remained the same) was built almost in a bare field, in 35 days (!) - from October to December 1941. Built by the villagers from the surrounding villages, the townspeople. It was also produced at Aviation Plant No. 1 (the former Dux factory evacuated from Moscow), which, in addition, simultaneously released all 3 units of MiG-178 high-altitude fighters.
                In addition to the two voiced aircraft plants, the following plants were exported to our city: No. 122 from Smolensk, No. 35 (branch of factory No. 89), No. 1 from Kaunas, No. 453 from Tallinn, No. 463 from Riga, No. 464 from Kiev, No. 483 OAP from Dnepropetrovsk.
                Imagine the concentration of power.
                Spirit captures from the willpower of our ancestors. Honor and respect.
      3. 0
        April 19 2018 13: 43
        Quote: 210ox
        Vitaliy .. hi We'll have to recreate the whole air army of these "humpbacked" .. In order to remind you. Where and whose place.
        Quote: MIKHAN
        I feel they will not allow this .. If only with battles break through hehe

        You can try with such accompaniment .. soldier

        Then break through! hi
    2. +6
      April 19 2018 10: 32
      To Berlin . Well, where are the unfinished and current Nazis angry
      .
      1. +6
        April 19 2018 11: 20
        Unfinished VNA Ukraine. After Berlin, fly there, scare the Nazis!
      2. +2
        April 19 2018 11: 51
        that's how the plane (Yak-3) of my great-grandfather flew to America in the 90s ... to the museum ...
        Barely digging back in 2016
        1. +1
          April 19 2018 13: 10
          Quote: your1970
          that's how the plane (Yak-3) of my great-grandfather flew to America in the 90s ... to the museum ...
          Barely digging back in 2016

          Are you talking about this plane?
          In 1991, the History Museum of the Yakovlev Design Bureau signed a contract with the American museum company Hannel for a period of four years. According to this document, the Yak-3 went to the USA, to the California Museum in Santa Monica, a suburb of Los Angeles. However, even after this period, the plane did not return to Russia.

          This fact caused the legitimate concern of the person who covered the Yak-3 with glory - Lieutenant General Eremin: “With pain in my soul I am addressing you on the issue of concern to me and I hope that the Central Air Force Museum will be able to solve the problem of returning an aircraft from the USA to Russia "Yak-3" <...> We must not allow the front-line relic, a symbol of our Great Victory, to become an item of trade, "General Eremin wrote in October 2000, addressing the head of the museum, Colonel Alexander GONCHAROV, indicated in the letter. The main stages of the long journey of the Yak-3 aircraft with serial number 1712 are as follows. On May 29, 1944, a brand new fighter, bought out by Golovaty for 100 thousand rubles, was solemnly transferred to Lieutenant Colonel Eremin, who flew to Saratov. It was on this machine that the famous pilot ended the war, having met Victory in Prague. And already at the beginning of August 1945, Boris Eremin's Yak-3 landed at the military airfield in Izmailovo for subsequent participation in the Victory Parade. However, due to climatic conditions, the air part of the 1945 parade was canceled.
          1. +1
            April 19 2018 17: 31
            yes, about him ...
            and there are inaccuracies - either 12, or 13 YAK-3 (new remodels !!!) flew away, for sale to collectors, and with them, as an example of the great-grandfather’s plane, the plane (it was issued a temporary export for 2 years and it was supposed to return ). The planes were sold, and this one somehow got in a private museum in Santa Monica.
            Now under restoration at Zadorozhniy (it seems, according to info 2016) ...
            1. +1
              April 19 2018 18: 50
              Quote: your1970
              yes, about him ...

              The car is legendary!
              I don’t have any info about remodels, but they wrote about yours that they specially repainted it and changed the number for export. The inscription is “Boris Yeryomin from Feropont Golovaty”. In fairness, I must say that the first presented by Golovaty was the Yak-1, he is in the Saratov Museum.


            2. +1
              April 19 2018 22: 55
              so the French had a whole regiment "Normandy-Neman" on the Yak-3 and until the end of the 50s fighting .. now they also have in the museum
  2. +2
    April 19 2018 10: 18
    Yes, really ... how indicative is Black Death and Kukuruznik will represent Russia at this air show ...
    1. +2
      April 19 2018 10: 26
      Well, this "corncob" and the old "Annushka" are two big differences ..
      Quote: svp67
      Yes, really ... how indicative is Black Death and Kukuruznik will represent Russia at this air show ...
      1. 0
        April 19 2018 10: 33
        Quote: 210ox
        Well, this "corncob" and the old "Annushka" are two big differences ..

        Well call it "New Corn"
    2. +2
      April 19 2018 10: 52
      Quote: svp67
      Yes, really ... how indicative is Black Death and Kukuruznik will represent Russia at this air show ...

      Where is the "corncob"?
      1. +2
        April 19 2018 10: 55
        Quote: Avis-bis
        Where is the "corncob"?

        Here he is .... changed his citizenship and name, but the generic traits then remained ....

        1. +2
          April 19 2018 11: 16
          Quote: svp67
          Quote: Avis-bis
          Where is the "corncob"?

          Here he is .... changed his citizenship and name, but the generic traits then remained ....


          Well, nonsense ...
          1. 0
            April 19 2018 13: 15
            Quote: Avis-bis
            Well, nonsense ...

            that's for sure! But, apparently, this instance will be in Germany
          2. 0
            April 19 2018 19: 05
            Quote: Avis-bis
            Well, nonsense ...

            Nevertheless, this An-2 aircraft, made at a new technological level ...
            An all-composite aircraft, which is an analogue of the Kukuruznik, An-2, was created at SibNIA named after Chaplygin. The new car will be presented for the first time at MAKS-2017, said the head of the Institute's experimental design bureau Vyacheslav Pisarev.

            The working name of the new aircraft is TVS-2DTS. It surpasses the An-2 in its characteristics due to the hard wing. In the traditional An-2, the wing is a metal frame covered with a canvas that begins to tear at a speed of over 180-200 kilometers per hour.

            TVS-2-DTS is capable of speeds up to 300 kilometers per hour. In its wing, you can place additional fuel tanks, which increases the flight range up to 2 thousand kilometers. The aircraft will take about 2,5 tons of cargo. The passenger version is designed for 11 people.
            1. +2
              April 20 2018 05: 55
              Quote: svp67
              Quote: Avis-bis
              Well, nonsense ...

              Nevertheless, this An-2 aircraft, made at a new technological level ...

              An-2, on a new level is an airplane in which all the structural elements of the An-2 are preserved, but made of new materials. There is no An-2 left here nothing.
              1. 0
                April 20 2018 06: 00
                Quote: Avis-bis
                There is nothing left of the An-2.

                Here the AN-2 remained CONCEPT, in fact the aircraft went through global modernization. It was not created "from scratch", it is a deep modernization, which developers do not hide. The name is different, since "An" is a patented name assigned to Ukraine
                1. +2
                  April 20 2018 07: 00
                  Quote: svp67
                  Quote: Avis-bis
                  There is nothing left of the An-2.

                  Here, from the An-2 there was a CONCEPT

                  Figs ce "logic". laughing Then the An-2 is a one-on-one Storch.
                  If by “concept” you mean the “general layout” (a biplane with a tail wheel), then half of the aircraft industry can be written to each other’s heirs.
                  in fact, the aircraft went through global modernization

                  This is a completely new aircraft, not a "globally modernized" one.
                  It was not created "from scratch"

                  It was. Brand new units just hung on the old An-2, as on the LL, so that they had something to take off. Gradually, all the old units were replaced by completely new ones and the An-2-based LL turned into a new aircraft. This is a new aircraft, not a modernization of the old.
                  it's a deep upgrade

                  That's bullshit.
                  developers do not hide

                  Marketers can bleat anything. TVS-2 is a brand new aircraft.

                  Again:
                  An-2, made at a new technological level

                  This would be so if instead of steel braces there were composite ones, instead of percale - synthetic fabric or lightweight non-bearing plastic. Internal braces would also be preserved. Instead of shoe chamber brakes - modern disc.
                  In TVS-2, all units are different - a non-parting caisson wing, for example.

                  "An-2, made at a new technological level", this is a stretch, An-3 or An-2-100. There, the fabric is modern, and the engine is more advanced, and the fuselage is changed (to An-3), and the AREO is updated.
                  1. 0
                    April 20 2018 12: 30
                    Quote: Avis-bis
                    TVS-2 is a brand new aircraft.

                    You will argue that it was created from scratch?
                    Quote: Avis-bis
                    That would be so if instead of .....

                    In our aviation history, this is far from the only case ...
                    You know the story of these two aircraft bearing the same name ...

                    1. +2
                      April 20 2018 14: 48
                      Quote: svp67
                      Quote: Avis-bis
                      TVS-2 is a brand new aircraft.

                      You will argue that it was created from scratch?

                      I won’t. But this is not a modernization / modification of the An-2, who was here called the "corn-maker". It’s just “standing on the shoulders of the predecessors.” So, for example, from the Yak-40 Yak-42D was obtained, and from the "Wright Cyclone" - M-82. But TVS-2, in general, differs fundamentally from the An-2, even the KSS has a different wing, not to mention aerodynamics (the An-2 would simply be impossible to accelerate to such speeds without destroying the aircraft). If this is considered only a modernization / modification, then I no longer have censored words.
                      Here Li-2 and TS-62 / -82 are modifications of the "Dakota", this is "yes", despite all the differences.
                      Tu-22 is not a topic at all. In terms of absolutely. You still mention about the IL-18th here ...
        2. 0
          April 20 2018 10: 54
          He, this TVS-2DTS, would still have to install our domestic TVD engine. In fact, the "Amer" is installed ...
          1. 0
            April 20 2018 12: 24
            Quote: fighter angel
            In fact, the "Amer" is installed ...

            As with the restored IL-2 ... there, too, it’s not native, but an American similar in characteristics ...
    3. +4
      April 19 2018 10: 56
      "Black Death" and "Corncob"


      "Black death" is the name that our writers came up with later. The German name is Fleischer (Butcher) and Cementobomber. It is a pity that the most massive plane of that war, the soldier plane was left with only one.
      1. +2
        April 19 2018 11: 54
        God be with you !!! quite a lot of IL-2 stands in the country, both as monuments and in museums ..
        Flying, yes, little 3 pieces, in my opinion, it was in 2005.
        1. +1
          April 19 2018 13: 18
          Quote: your1970
          Flying, yes, little 3 pieces, in my opinion, it was in 2005.

          Here is the Yak-3 in the states, but for some reason it was called the Yak-9 what
          1. +4
            April 20 2018 09: 39
            This is a replica.
            Quote: Anti-Corr.
            for some reason he was called the Yak-9 what

            Because it looks like. :)
      2. +1
        April 19 2018 19: 28
        At one time, I, as a doctor, often came to a veteran of the Great Patriotic War, an engineer-mechanic for the U-2, Il-2 and Il-10 planes, Semenikhin. This is the brother of the writer Semenikhin, who wrote a lot on the aviation topic. My patient was an interesting interlocutor who by heart continued to remember all the gaps in the engine adjustments and its operating modes. So he also told how in the years 49-52, “silts” were simply crushed by tractors and raked into ravines. But the "dumb-headed" Americans are still keeping hundreds of "airmen", "thunderbolts" and others on conservation.
    4. 0
      April 19 2018 13: 16
      Very competently!
      Swords and screaming.
      And the indicator is how quickly we can forge one into the other.
  3. +15
    April 19 2018 10: 19
    The jokers ... wink
    Just like in the old joke:
    Radio talks between the Berlin airport controller and the Aeroflot 554 flight pilot, Moscow-Berlin, 1984 year
    Dispatcher: - Aeroflot 554. Occupy the corridor 8 reduction circle 600 meters!
    Aeroflot554: - I understand you! Decreasing! 600!
    Dispatcher: -Aeroflot 554! 4 strip is free! Landing permission!
    Aeroflot 554: - Got it! 4 lane! Landing allowed! Chassis, headlights released! I sit down!
    .... misses the strip and gains height again.
    Dispatcher: - Aeroflot 554! There is a problem!? Have you never been to Berlin before?
    Aeroflot 554: - It was, b $ me! In 1945, but then I didn’t sit down .... !!!!
    1. +4
      April 19 2018 10: 30
      Quote: tasha
      The jokers ...


      And on the sides must:

      Go to Berlin!

      hi
  4. +2
    April 19 2018 10: 19
    Are you crazy? Do you want mass survivors of heart attack among surviving Wehrmacht veterans?
    1. +4
      April 19 2018 10: 26
      Quote: shuravi
      Are you crazy?

      No, just decided to REMIND ....
      Quote: shuravi
      Do you want mass survivors of heart attack among surviving Wehrmacht veterans?

      Is it only among Wehrmacht veterans? Something seems to me that everyone who lived in Germany then, for a lifetime remembered the sound of his engine and the silhouette in the sky ...
    2. +2
      April 19 2018 10: 51
      Quote: shuravi
      Do you want mass survivors of heart attack among surviving Wehrmacht veterans?

      nothing, some regular "boy Kolya" will regret them ...
  5. +2
    April 19 2018 10: 19
    "Merkel will ask Trump for exemption from supporting anti-Russian sanctions" - now it’s clear that they scared! laughing
  6. +6
    April 19 2018 10: 20
    And where was the oil radiator hidden in the photo? It was the most vulnerable part.
    I'm typing in Google - IL-2 airplane photo, reaction zero, dumb as a traffic jam. And in Yandex - a complete iconostasis. Such is the policy in Ukraine.
    1. +4
      April 19 2018 10: 27
      Quote: Fedorov
      Such is the policy in Ukraine.

      This is freedom and democracy, we are fed up with this since the nineties. Try to google search for the U-87, probably everything will be all right with this.
      By the way, the radiator is in place.
    2. +3
      April 19 2018 10: 27
      Quote: Fedorov
      And where was the oil cooler hidden?

      Stolen ... right at the start. But the "hunchback" DO NOT BE ADDICTIVE, he crushed the enemies in a lesser configuration ...
      But seriously, here's a video look ...
      1. +1
        April 19 2018 11: 58
        But seriously, here's a video look ...


        But this is a variant of the KSS (wing with an arrow). One of the shortcomings of the IL-2 was the rear alignment. This increased sweep, shifting focus back. I remember for some reason. Once I was surprised that Kuibyshevsky Il on a pedestal does not quite look like pictures, so it became interesting. But this is not clear - this wing went towards the end of the 43rd year.
  7. +2
    April 19 2018 10: 22
    joint flights are planned with historic aircraft of former allies and former opponents.

    You can relate to the Yankees as you like, but they relate to their historical aircraft technology much better. They try to keep everything in flight condition, and not just in the form of models in museums. IMHO.
    1. +3
      April 19 2018 10: 53
      Quote: Piramidon
      joint flights are planned with historic aircraft of former allies and former opponents.

      You can relate to the Yankees as you like, but they relate to their historical aircraft technology much better. They try to keep everything in flight condition, and not just in the form of models in museums. IMHO.

      We also preserved a bunch of our equipment.
    2. 0
      April 20 2018 19: 23
      Quote: Piramidon
      joint flights are planned with historic aircraft of former allies and former opponents.

      You can relate to the Yankees as you like, but they relate to their historical aircraft technology much better. They try to keep everything in flight condition, and not just in the form of models in museums. IMHO.

      They are simply richer. They have the means to do so. They ended WWII with the rich, and we WWII the poor. And today, in comparison with them, we are beggars.
      One thing is amazing - our, at least Soviet, at least now Russian combat aircraft are the most beautiful in the world. Look at IL-2 - handsome !!!
  8. 0
    April 19 2018 10: 22
    Restored for someone and whose money is it?
    1. +6
      April 19 2018 10: 29
      They put a lot of work into the restoration .... actually reassembled ...
      1. +1
        April 19 2018 10: 48
        Well done! Means lives in the blood Native! And the memory of the Ancestors!
    2. +1
      April 19 2018 10: 35
      Keyword - Restored.

      hi
    3. 0
      April 19 2018 11: 26
      Quote: Smoked
      Restored for someone and whose money is it?

      For oligarchs, on state laughing . "You are our economical" (c) feel
      1. 0
        April 19 2018 12: 33
        Some businessman, he has a whole museum of military equipment.
  9. +5
    April 19 2018 10: 27
    As part of an air show, work out the RSami along the Reichstag. To complete the sensations and refresh the genetic memory.
    1. 0
      April 19 2018 11: 27
      Quote: sergo1914
      As part of an air show, work out the RSami along the Reichstag.

      Looking at the photo, a similar thought also appeared, only by the PTABs and by “Leopards”. So that the service does not seem to honey, the Bundeswehr.
  10. +3
    April 19 2018 10: 31
    Honored Aircraft! Pride of aviation .....
  11. +1
    April 19 2018 10: 35
    The aircraft is ambiguous with dubious effectiveness at the beginning of the war, on the one hand, there were big losses in the single-seat version, almost no one survived from the beginning of the war. In the double version and proper fighter cover, casualties on the flight departed to a minimum.
    In the second half of the war, when they were armed with barrels and cumulative bombs, their effectiveness against tanks increased sharply, and the German infantry became terribly afraid of white phosphorus, which was watered from the bottom by the "black death".
    1. +1
      April 19 2018 11: 56
      Quote: Fayter2017
      the German infantry was terribly afraid of white phosphorus, which the "black death" watered from their hearts
      -information about watering can you bring?
      1. +1
        April 19 2018 20: 18
        In the book of 100 Stalin's falcons, a section of attack aircraft, there are several descriptions of pilots, one just like they burned the German headquarters along with the whole street in a Polish village and one like the same as the German trenches were watered.
    2. 0
      April 19 2018 12: 08
      And in the second half of the war, losses were high, especially from anti-aircraft fire, and there were many gunmen who died.
    3. +1
      April 19 2018 12: 10
      Quote: Fayter2017
      "Black Death"

      Depends. Who do you mean by "black death"?

      About "watering with white phosphorus": https://topwar.ru/63528-legendy-o-fosfore-chast-p
      ervaya.html
  12. +1
    April 19 2018 10: 43
    Quote: Piramidon
    joint flights are planned with historic aircraft of former allies and former opponents.

    You can relate to the Yankees as you like, but they relate to their historical aircraft technology much better. They try to keep everything in flight condition, and not just in the form of models in museums. IMHO.


    There are also enough of all kinds:

  13. +1
    April 19 2018 10: 44
    Given all sorts of "financial claims" of "sworn partners" and Ukraine - a risky enterprise - they can arrest "property" as compensation for "offended" Russia ...
    1. +2
      April 19 2018 11: 01
      may arrest "property"
      Probably took into account all the options. Having burnt milk, they blow into the water. Although we may have Chernomyrdin ...
    2. +2
      April 19 2018 11: 06
      Quote: Monster_Fat
      Given all sorts of "financial claims" of "sworn partners" and Ukraine - a risky enterprise - they can arrest "property" as compensation for "offended" Russia ...

      It is unlikely. As far as I know, this IL-2 was restored by enthusiasts at the expense of the people and sponsors. He does not belong to the state, which means they will not be able to arrest him on claims to the Russian government.
  14. 0
    April 19 2018 11: 08
    Yeah, and a couple of Isov after, let them remember the past
  15. BAI
    0
    April 19 2018 11: 13
    As I understand it - this is it.
  16. +3
    April 19 2018 11: 15
    joint flights with historical planes of former allies and former opponents are planned

    From my point of view - a so-so venture ...
    I can still understand the joint flights of the allies, but the joint flights of the opponents in one of the most bloody wars in the history of mankind is a bad manners. Moreover, disrespect for the victims of war. You still kiss the Germans in the gums .... You can still organize a joking concentration camp and leave gas stoves there .. But why not? Was it? Well, so here ... Come on, let's ...
    You need to know the measure in everything ...
  17. +1
    April 19 2018 11: 39
    Judging by the fact that they wind up around us - soon the Rooks will fly there, and not the "hunchbacks" .... God forbid, of course.
  18. +2
    April 19 2018 11: 44
    Why without fighter cover?
    1. 0
      April 20 2018 19: 31
      Quote: Thunderbolt
      Why without fighter cover?

      Why does he need cover? He himself is a cover.
  19. +1
    April 19 2018 12: 28
    The newspaper notes that the IL-2 does not have its own navigation devices, so the TVS-2DTS biplane will accompany it on the flight to the exhibition and back,
    I didn’t understand, but how did they fly to the Second World War for combat? According to the Sun, stars and a pack of "Belomor"?
    1. +5
      April 19 2018 13: 44
      Welcome

      Almost flied in a pack of Belomor .... smile
      There was only a compass, if I may say so from navigation equipment ....
      And so the maps, visual orientation, a thorough study of the maps of the combat area ...
      At that time, only visual flights .... So our grandfathers fought ..
      1. 0
        April 20 2018 19: 56
        Quote: NN52
        At that time, only visual flights ....

        In the recent past, helicopter pilots, according to friends, told in the RPE - "Restoring orientation by interviewing local residents." good
        Py.Sy. I haven’t seen it myself. Maybe they were kidding. request
        1. +1
          April 20 2018 20: 24
          Piramidon

          Kidding me ..
    2. 0
      April 19 2018 13: 53
      They flew to the Great Patriotic War in a radius of 100 km, having previously memorized the terrain, and in groups with an experienced navigator at the head.
  20. 0
    April 19 2018 14: 20
    Wonder car! good
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