Where did the tradition of military prowess come from - Russian “Hurray!”?
Since ancient times, the Russian army went on the attack on the enemy, using the militant and terrifying “Hurray!” Of course, there is an analogue of this cry in almost every modern language, but it is “Hurray!” That Russian is the most “recognizable” in the world. In the very word there is a certain call to action aimed at a decisive victory over the enemy. The call helps shoulder to shoulder to go on the attack, even against such an enemy, whose number is many times greater than the number of Russian troops. “Hurray!” Opponents of the Russian military units heard in the Alps, near Moscow, in Stalingrad, on the Manchurian hills. This victorious “Hurray!” Often made the enemy start and give in to an inexplicable panic.
Let us try to consider several versions about where this word came from, which inspires some and terrifies others. Immediately I must say that there are several versions concerning the appearance of the word “Hurray!”. Often, one version contrasts so much with the version of the other that it is difficult to understand how they could appear at all without points of mutual touch.
Hypothesis the first. The Russian word “Hurray!”, As well as a number of other words, is borrowed from Turkic. According to this version, the word “Hurray!” Is a kind of modification of the word “jur”, meaning “animated” or “moving”. By the way, in the modern Bulgarian language there is the word "Jurassic", which has exactly the Turkic root and means "attacking".
The second hypothesis. According to this version, “Hurray!” Again has Turkic roots, but it comes from the word “Urman”, which in Russian means the verb “beat”. In Azeri language, the word “wur” can be found, which means “hit”. It is possible that the word “Vura!” Was transformed into the widely known today “Hurray!”.
Hypothesis the third. If again refer to the Bulgarian language, that is, in it the word "Urga". This can be translated as “top” or “up”. It is possible that with the word “Hurray!”, At first, a certain ascent to the mountain peak was associated, and this encouragement cry was used to encourage those who had conquered their “Olympus”.
The fourth hypothesis. The Mongols-Tatars allegedly, unwillingly, themselves “taught” the Russians to use such a battle cry during an attack. They say that during the attacks of the Mongol-Tatar warriors they used the cry “Uraksha!” Or “Uragsha!”, Which is a derivative of the word “Urakh”. In turn, the word "urakh" means all the same Russian "forward."
Hypothesis the fifth. The word "Hurray!" Belongs precisely to the Slavic tribes. It is possible that it was transformed from the words “Uraz”, which means “strike”, or (after the baptism of Russia) from the word “U paradise” - the modern version “to paradise”.
Hypothesis Six. This call comes from the Lithuanian "lie", which can also be translated as "a call to attack" or simply "forward."
All these versions have the right to exist, but the whole problem lies in the fact, and when exactly did the word “Hurray!” First appear as something independent and used only by Russian troops.
However, it is possible to reflect for a long time about the origins of the appearance of the world-famous Russian “Hurray!” In fact, the main thing here is the very semantic coloring of the word. After all, if these letters are enough to raise the spirit of militant warriors, it means that this word contains truly phenomenal meaning.
The word "Hurray!" Is used in many literary works. Pushkin also wrote his famous “Far away burst out“ Hurray! ”. But they say that the use of the word “Hurray!”, To put it mildly, was not welcomed by Peter the Great during the battle. Regarding this, there is a unique document from 1706 of the year, which stated how soldiers and officers need to behave in battle. In this document there are surprising words that the officers of the Russian army should have been careful that the soldiers did not allow themselves to shout on the battlefield. However, whether such a ban related precisely to the words “Hurray!” Is a rather dubious fact. Perhaps Tsar Peter forbade his soldiers to shout on the battlefield, so as not to sow panic. After all, it often happens that a scream can easily provoke the most unpredictable reaction.
As punishment "screamers" relied the death penalty on the battlefield. Therefore, there is a version that Pushkin decided to use the word “Hurray!” Only to give his work an expressive color. But in fact, Peter allegedly urged the military to use the word "Viva!" To create an army similar to all European.
But after the death of Tsar Peter I, the fashion for “Hurray!” Began to appear again in Russia. And if during this cry the panic arose, then it appeared in the camp of the enemy, and not in Russian parts. The word “Hurray!” Has now begun to appear in official documents. In one of these documents, Field Marshal Rumyantsev used this appeal to express loyalty to his Empress Elizabeth.
Since then, the word "Hurray!" Began to acquire the meaning that we put into it today. Even the highest military ranks during the battles allowed themselves to use the battle Russian cry to lead their army. Today it is difficult to imagine the silent hand-to-hand attack of the Russian army. It does not fit in with the mentality of our people. The word "Hurray!" Here appears as an emotional springboard that takes hatred of the enemy to a new level.
So, the Russian “Hurray!” Is our national, as it is now fashionable to say, brand. And what other people used (used) in similar cases.
For example, the Romans went on the attack with strange words for us. They shouted “Long live death!” You will agree that such a call would hardly inspire a Russian soldier.
Medieval Europeans fled to the attack with a pretentious "God and my right!" That would certainly hardly inspire the Russians.
The Germans shouted their "Forward!", And the soldiers of Napoleon's army - "For the emperor!"
An interesting borrowing of the Russian “Hurray!” Happened on the part of the Germans. Hearing this Russian cry, the Germans from the 19 century also began to use it often, realizing the power this word carries in itself. The word "Hurra" appeared even in the Prussian military charter.
No less interesting situation with the word “Hurray!” Is also related to the French troops. The Russian “Hurray!” Was initially perceived by the French as “broken”, “Oh ra”, which can be translated as “To the rat!” This offended them, and in response, the French began to shout “To the cat”, which sounds like “O Sha”
Since those times, the Turks have started shouting Russian “hurray”. It is surprising that if the word “Hurray!” Has Turkic roots, then it turns out that the Turks borrowed their own word from us. Prior to that, they shouted during the attack the word "Allah" ("Allah").
Historically, the word “Hurray!” In one form or another has migrated to the army of modern foreign countries.
However, there are those peoples who are accustomed to using purely national expressions. For example, Ossetians shout “Marga!”, Which means “kill”. The Japanese shout the famous "Banzai!", Which translates as "10 thousands of years." Why "10 Thousands of Years"? Yes, because it is for so many years that they wish to live for their emperor, and “banzai” is only the end of the whole phrase, which is not quite convenient to pronounce in battle. Israeli soldiers shout the word "Hedad!", Which is a kind of echo echo.
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