Navigator Day of the Navy of the Russian Federation

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Every year on January 25, our country celebrates a professional holiday - Naval Navigator Day fleet Russian Federation. This is a professional holiday for all Russian military personnel whose activities are directly related to plotting ships, ships and aviation The Russian Navy, as well as monitoring the operational operation of navigation devices and calculating movements. Sometimes this holiday is also called Navigator's Day.

An interesting fact is that even relatively recently, the Naval Navigator's Day was celebrated in our country twice a year. For the celebration, the dates of the spring (20-21 March) and autumn (22-23 September) equinoxes were chosen. It was precisely these days that it was easy to determine the directions of the world without using special tools and instruments - the Sun rose strictly in the east, and it set, respectively, in the west. This practice existed until the 1997 year. Admiral of the fleet Felix Nikolayevich Gromov, who served at that time as Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy, made changes to the date of the celebration. He signed the corresponding order “On the introduction of annual holidays and professional days in the specialty” on July 15 1996 of the year. In accordance with the order, the Navigator Day of the Navy of the Russian Federation should celebrate January 25.



It is worth noting that the date of the celebration was not chosen by chance. It was on this day of 25 on January 1701 of the year that Peter I issued a Decree, which, in particular, noted: "To be mathematical and navigational, that is, nautical art of cunning art learning." To implement the king’s will, the School of Mathematical and Navigational Sciences was established in the country; a new educational institution was located in Moscow, in the Sukharev Tower. This day today is fairly considered to be officially the date of foundation of the navigator service of the Russian fleet.


The very word navigator came to us from Holland (stuurman, from stuur - “steering wheel” and man - “man”). Literally it could be translated as a man behind the wheel. This definition accurately reflects the meaning of this profession. At the same time, a few centuries ago, and today, the navigator has a huge responsibility, since at sea a ship can always face unforeseen circumstances. Of course, modern equipment has greatly simplified the work of navigators, but they are still required to perform their work without modern electronic equipment, which can fail for various reasons.

Peter I, who laid the foundations of the Russian fleet, was well aware of the importance of the navigator service. In this case, the duties of the navigator and the ship's sub-navigator were documented in the 1720 year, they were contained in the first Russian Sea Charter. On the ship, depending on his weaponry (number of guns), it was necessary to have a navigator 1-2, who had a sub-navigator in 1-2 subordinate. For example, on vehicles with linear 50-90 instruments have relied on state and two two navigators podshturmanov, if 32 guns - at 1 2 navigator and assistant navigator, 14 16-shells - and the navigator on 1 1 podshturmanu. At the same time at that time the position of the navigator in the fleet stood in order of seniority between the skipper and the boatswain. For navigation, the navigator reported directly to the captain.

Navigators were required to receive the necessary supplies for the navigator part (compasses, magnets for magnetizing compass hands, lots, hourglasses, etc.). On a battleship in those years it was supposed to have 8 magnetic compasses right away and up to 10 an hourglass of various lengths: from half a minute to half an hour, inclusive. At the end of the campaign, the navigators reported to the captain on the use of supplies, and then handed over the remnants of the warehouses (stores). At the same time, navigators should have had their own personal atlases of nautical charts, navigation aids and instruments (quadrants, hailstones, noctures, compasses, etc.). Also, the navigators were obliged to keep in order the compasses, periodically to check them, to monitor the hourglass.


Immediately before the maritime mission, the navigator was charged with inspecting the steering wheel. At sea, navigators were responsible for analytical calculations, recording in their journal the course, the drift of the ship, the distance traveled by the ship, the compass declination, the flow of the sea, the wind, and a lot of other information. When sailing near the coast, navigators were obliged to study it, mapping all unfamiliar shoals, rocks and large stones. When anchoring the vessel, they were engaged in controlling the time of his throwing depending on the drift, and after anchoring, they followed the ship's movements.

At one time, many famous Russian naval commanders began their military career with the position of navigator of the ship. Among them were the admirals who laid the foundation of the modern fleet of our country, such as S. Gorshkov, V. Mikhailin, A. Mikhailovsky and many others. AT stories Great geographical discoveries names navigators ranked with the names of the commanders of ships. For example, in the Primorsky Territory alone, the names of the navigators of the Russian fleet were named Cape 64, 12 Island, 9 Bays and 3 Peninsula, thus their names were immortalized for history.

More than three hundred years have passed since the appearance of the fleet in Russia, shipbuilding, science and maritime business have come a long way since then, but the navigator’s work is still in demand and honored in the fleet. According to the Chief Navigator of the Russian Navy, Rear Admiral Edward Luika, the navigator specialty, which appeared in our country simultaneously with the appearance of the first warships, today is highly demanded, this specialty can be called one of the main naval specialties in the Russian Navy. The admiral emphasizes that even without a navigator, even in our time, it is impossible to imagine either the movement of a ship, or its actions to use standard weapons systems on board. In the conditions when Russian warships and submarines again perform the responsible tasks of a naval presence in the oceans, the role and responsibility that falls on the shoulders of naval navigators is only increasing.


According to the data on 2017 year, the navigator service of the Navy of Russia numbered about 3000 specialists, about 1000 of which are officers. It is also more 200 people faculty of various Russian naval schools. About 50 of them have a degree, and more than 30 teachers have an academic title. Today, the naval service of the Russian Navy includes more than 10 training units, the main ones of which are the departments of the naval navigator service in the Naval Academy, the ship navigation department in higher naval educational institutions located in St. Petersburg, Sevastopol, Kaliningrad and Vladivostok, and also in the training centers of the Russian Navy. The navigator service of the Russian fleet today has at its disposal both special simulators for future naval training for navigators and modern training laboratories. Also, for the naval training of navigators, several training ships and about 10 training boats are actively used.

At the same time, the prestige and demand for the navigational profession are still high. This is confirmed by a fairly high competition for admission to study. So in 2016, the competition in the Russian naval educational institutions for the navigator's specialty was 3,5 man per seat. The Russian fleet is interested in the qualitative selection of candidates for admission to the first course in the navigator's specialty. The quality of the selection and training of future navigators directly determines the successful fulfillment by the warships and vessels providing the Russian Navy with assigned tasks, without various incidents and navigational accidents, which at sea may have the saddest consequences both for the ship and for its crew.

“Training navigators for the Russian Navy today takes into account the active process of fleet renewal as part of the State Shipbuilding Program, receiving new surface and submarine ships of the new generation into the fleet, equipping the navy with new weapons, modern navigation systems and complexes. Before the ships of the Russian fleet are increasingly assigned important tasks that are directly related to the actions in the composition of heterogeneous, interspecific and homogeneous groups. All this requires from the specialists of the navigational services of all Russian fleets and the Caspian flotilla an even higher level of professional and practical training, ”notes Rear Admiral Edward Luik. According to him, navigation support for the fulfillment of assigned tasks at sea is acquiring even greater importance nowadays, as Russian ships are increasingly appearing in various parts of the World Ocean, often still poorly understood.

Navigator Day of the Navy of the Russian Federation

January 25 team "Military Review" congratulates all the navigators of the Russian Navy and veterans of the navigator service with their professional holiday. The Naval Navigator's Day of the Russian Navy is a holiday for all people who, as part of their duty, performed or continue to perform very important tasks to ensure the navigation safety of surface ships and submarines, as well as various vessels supporting the Russian fleet in various regions of our planet - from the hot tropics to Arctic ice latitudes.

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23 comments
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  1. +8
    25 January 2018 07: 23
    Cadet in navigational practice. Having determined the place of the ship, reports to the commander the results of determining the place. He gets up at attention, takes off his cap.
    - Comrade commander, is it a tradition on the ship to keep a minute of silence when the navigator determines the location of the ship?
    - No, my young friend, but according to your calculations, we are in the Ipatiev Monastery
    laughing Happy holiday, navigators !!!!!!
    1. +2
      25 January 2018 10: 25
      evil tongues, argue that the first navigator in the USSR was the partisan sailor Zheleznyak - for it was he who went to Kakhovka and went to Odessa lol
      1. +4
        25 January 2018 10: 31
        hi Roma is healthy!
        Quote: novel xnumx
        the first navigator in the ussr was a partisan sailor Zheleznyak

        laughing These are not evil languages, this is the legend of the birth of the Soviet navigational business in the USSR!
        Only in that legend the opposite .... went to Odessa, and went to Kherson !!!!
        drinks
        1. +1
          25 January 2018 10: 32
          hi, bryak from the stove! hi Earrings. and you are not a navigator?
          1. +4
            25 January 2018 12: 42
            Nooo Roma, I'm from buttery ones bully
            1. 0
              25 January 2018 12: 56
              here’s an interesting tale about minders - it was a matter of war and for lack of gas the torpedo boats filled up with alcohol, the minders were glad - they sniffed for the trip - they dragged them to the pier on their hands
              1. +5
                25 January 2018 13: 34
                Quote: novel xnumx
                interesting bike about minders

                laughing laughing laughing Roma, my friend, if torpedo boats were refueled with alcohol, then all German ships would definitely have a skid ..... what if without the use of torpedoes lol
                1. 0
                  25 January 2018 13: 40
                  it was written in a smart book request
                  1. +4
                    25 January 2018 13: 52
                    bully Brother, my advice to you, do not trust women and sailors Yes
                    1. 0
                      25 January 2018 13: 55
                      and I also remember your mother taught you not to believe the flyers. who to trust - railway workers?
    2. +4
      25 January 2018 12: 21
      Greetings! hi
      Quote: Serg65
      - No, my young friend, but according to your calculations, we are in the Ipatiev Monastery

      Well, how can one not recall the cycle of drawings on the subfusion of authorship Karavashkina:
      1. +7
        25 January 2018 13: 31
        Have a nice one you too hi
        Quote: Alexey RA
        Well, how can I not remember

        laughing A joke in the subject ....
        I don’t know how this happened, but they called a Jew to serve in the fleet, he rises to the bridge and asks the first one he met ..
        -who are you?
        -pilot
        -and you?
        -boatswain?
        hmmm, and you?
        -navigator
        Oh my god, here all are mine, but I am Katzman !!!
        bully
        1. +1
          25 January 2018 13: 48
          Here’s another navigator - understands maps lol
  2. +6
    25 January 2018 08: 00
    Today I will drink at my birthday, for navigators of the Navy, Tatyan, students. to the songs of Vysotsky. drinks
    1. +5
      25 January 2018 13: 35
      Well happy birthday drinks
      1. The comment was deleted.
        1. The comment was deleted.
  3. +8
    25 January 2018 08: 42
    Happy Holidays! love

    Let everything be on the spot,
    Suitable depth
    Let the sea be your friend
    Charka will be full.

    And we hear for them with love
    Also spill
    And for their ... ik! ... oh! ... health
    Let’s drink ... And pour ishsho! drinks
    1. +2
      25 January 2018 10: 26
      Hello! love let me go and goof it drinks
      1. +4
        25 January 2018 11: 48
        Hello, Roman! love
        Quote: novel xnumx
        let me go and goof it

        Mandatory !!! drinks
  4. +18
    25 January 2018 09: 44
    Happy holiday guys !!
  5. +2
    25 January 2018 09: 47
    Warhead happy drinks my battle number is 1-4-21
  6. +2
    25 January 2018 13: 05
    WITH A HOLIDAY HOLIDAY !!!! I don’t know what it’s customary for you to wish, but from me personally health, good luck, and a reliable rear on the shore !!!! All the best!!!
  7. +2
    25 January 2018 15: 27
    Happy holiday, colleagues !!!
    Everyone who is seven feet under the keel and safe sailing !!!
  8. 0
    30 January 2018 16: 52
    The navigators have such a book, something like a "bible" POSHS-K. there is such an article that a navigator should not be put on duty on a ship or in an outfit 12 hours before going to sea, and after going out the same, you must not touch it for 12 hours. He is the navigator alone (on the 1st rank ship there is also a “navigator” ENG commander) and there is no one to replace him at sea. So for other POSHS-K the word "abusive". Joke! Happy holiday "Compasses"!

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