Energomash sends two RD-181 engines for Antares rockets to the USA

87
The joint-stock company NPO Energomash has completed the 2017 program of the year for the supply of RD-181 rocket engines to the United States, according to the company's website.

In accordance with the contractual obligations, NPO Energomash JSC 31 of October 2017 of the year sent to the USA two RD-181 engines
- said in a statement.



The company notes that the engines successfully passed tests at the Scientific Testing Complex (NIK-751) of NPO Energomash.

Energomash sends two RD-181 engines for Antares rockets to the USA


This is the second delivery of engines in the United States. The program for the supply of RD-181 in 2017 was fully implemented
- noted in the NGO.

RD-181 is designed and manufactured by NPO Energomash. This is a single-chamber liquid-propellant rocket engine with a vertically located turbopump assembly.

The contract for the supply of Orbital ATK RD-181 engines was signed in December 2014. In the same year, the design documentation was released, at the beginning of 2015, the first fire test of the RD-181 engine was carried out, and in May 2015 was successfully completed its certification. The engines are designed for installation on American launch vehicles (PH) Antares.

Earlier it was reported that the United States, in connection with the restrictions on military-technical cooperation from Russia to 2014 introduced in 2019, plan to completely abandon the Russian RD-180 engines with which Atlas 5 are equipped with the US United Launch Alliance (ULA). Deliveries RD-181, which are equipped with new Antares PH for the ISS, are limited to the civilian sphere.
  • http://www.globallookpress.com/
Our news channels

Subscribe and stay up to date with the latest news and the most important events of the day.

87 comments
Information
Dear reader, to leave comments on the publication, you must sign in.
  1. +14
    1 November 2017 18: 34
    earned money, then paid taxes and salaries, and funds for further work and modernization of production ... and hurray screamers from the couch will now start yelling about sanctions, a ban on trade from the United States and all that
    1. +9
      1 November 2017 18: 37
      Quote: Not Liberoid Russian
      and cheers screamers from the couch will now start yelling about sanctions, a ban on trade from the United States and all that

      Yes, no one really screams, it's not the latest technology! Let them enjoy while we are good hehe heh
      PS you nickname is suspicious .. just wrote!
      1. +14
        1 November 2017 18: 49
        Quote: Bathhouse attendant-M
        Yes, no one really screams, it's not the latest technology! Let them enjoy while we are good hehe heh

        Yes, they did everything right, the contract is a contract and money is earned. But it’s a shame, they paraffin us in every way!
        1. +5
          1 November 2017 18: 59
          Energomash sends two RD-181 engines for Antares rockets to the USA

          That's how it is: the United States with its Antares rushing, rushing - this is the carrier, and with our engine RD-181 - this is the launch vehicle. Feel the difference! smile
          1. +10
            1 November 2017 19: 04
            Alexander, welcome! hi
            Quote: СРЦ П-15
            That's how it is: the United States with its Antares rushing, rushing - this is the carrier, and with our engine RD-181 - this is the launch vehicle. Feel the difference!

            Let the United States feel this: they put RD-181 in the ass and rush with its Antares. Why not a booster? lol
            1. +10
              1 November 2017 19: 11
              But the fact that the RD-181 emits zombie rays that allow you to control any US citizen, only three know: my father-in-law, Dmitry Rogozin and husband Hilary Clinton (this is what controlled his cigar in the Oral Office). Well, now you are also in the know. Only, pliz, nobody else lol
              1. +10
                1 November 2017 19: 14
                Colleague, I will not begin to ask a question about the identity of your father-in-law, but it is impossible not to respect him. soldier
                1. +3
                  1 November 2017 19: 19
                  Max, welcome! I don’t understand: RD-181 seems to be a two-chamber engine, and here they write that it is single-chamber. Or do we specially make a single-chamber RD-181 for them? Are you off topic?
                  1. +6
                    1 November 2017 19: 24
                    As far as I know, the 181st is just single-chamber. And it was under Antares that it was developed. It seems that the two-chamber 180th served as its basis ... what
                    1. +3
                      1 November 2017 19: 33
                      I searched the internet and found that RD-181 is an export (modified) version of the RD-191 engine, and this is a single-chamber engine.
                      1. +8
                        1 November 2017 19: 45
                        Well, that's it. It turns out - the USA receive the reduced version? lol
          2. +7
            1 November 2017 19: 07
            Quote: SRC P-15
            Energomash sends two RD-181 engines for Antares rockets to the USA

            That's how it is: the United States with its Antares rushing, rushing - this is the carrier, and with our engine RD-181 - this is the launch vehicle. Feel the difference! smile

            Russia is simply fulfilling its obligations ... Such is our nature!
            I remember after the collapse of the USSR, Russia even paid the tsar’s debts .. And to us, no one, as always .. Let them use it! We have even cooler perspectives.
            1. +10
              1 November 2017 19: 44
              Quote: Bathhouse attendant-M
              Russia is simply fulfilling its obligations ... Such is our nature!

              especially in front of their citizens. laughing
              ask parents about passbooks.
              1. +8
                1 November 2017 20: 01
                Quote: ID90
                Quote: Bathhouse attendant-M
                Russia is simply fulfilling its obligations ... Such is our nature!

                especially in front of their citizens. laughing
                ask parents about passbooks.

                Well, it was the matter and what now to raise all forks, you are hinting at it?
                You do not shake Russia again in the 90s ..
                And we will definitely refund the money, only peacefully this time .. soldier
                1. +3
                  1 November 2017 22: 38
                  Quote: Bathhouse attendant-M
                  And we will definitely refund the money, only peacefully this time ..

                  does Gref know about this? laughing
                  1. 0
                    2 November 2017 09: 14
                    Quote: ID90
                    Quote: Bathhouse attendant-M
                    And we will definitely refund the money, only peacefully this time ..

                    does Gref know about this? laughing

                    And nobody specified anything about him ...
        2. +1
          1 November 2017 19: 02
          Generally not offensive, let it be so than a hypocritical relationship. In the end, everything will fall into place, only from a different “angle”, and this is more useful to us, because the sediment will remain ...
        3. +1
          1 November 2017 20: 46
          Energomash sends two RD-181 engines for Antares rockets to the USA

          And our border guards will not issue sanctions, his mother !! And the factory was out of business, it shipped the American head and did it! fellow
        4. +9
          1 November 2017 22: 53
          Quote: volodya
          Yes, they did everything right, the contract is a contract and money is earned.

          Bazaar is not - a contract is a contract. Only one BUT - it would not hurt to choose who to negotiate with .... I nevermind, I’m already old, I don’t have much time left ... And let the young ones think to whom the pen can be served, and to whom it’s not
          1. +1
            2 November 2017 10: 01
            I agree, eating something derogatory in this. But we can’t sell. I hope the time will come when it will be possible to make a choice.
            1. +6
              3 November 2017 12: 38
              Quote: BerBer
              But we can’t sell.

              We have not been taught this ..
      2. +1
        1 November 2017 22: 47
        Quote: Bathhouse attendant-M
        Yes, no one really screams, it's not the latest technology! Let them enjoy while we are good hehe heh


        If I were you, I would be interested in the success of the USA in this industry.
        1. +7
          9 November 2017 08: 55
          Quote: rpek32
          Quote: Bathhouse attendant-M
          Yes, no one really screams, it's not the latest technology! Let them enjoy while we are good hehe heh


          If I were you I would be interested in the success of the United States in this industry

          Something tells me - maybe age or experience that the GRU has already taken an interest in these “successes”. And in the Moscow Region they were evaluated according to the moment. Cold War 2.0, her mother ....
          In the first I fought head over heels, thought that even the grandchildren would live quietly ... Yeah ......
          1. 0
            10 November 2017 02: 42
            Quote: Zoldat_A
            Something tells me - maybe age or experience that the GRU has already taken an interest in these “successes”.

            But where does the GRU? the subject was for a specific person
    2. +1
      1 November 2017 18: 37
      ban trade from the usa and all that

      Energomash sends two RD-181 engines for Antares rockets to the USA

      There is a ban on trade in engines with Russia? I don’t know about this. There should be cooperation in the peaceful space sphere.
      1. +7
        1 November 2017 18: 46
        Quote: The_Lancet
        There should be cooperation in the peaceful space sphere.

        and payment is not "obama" and gold - no problem hi
        1. +1
          1 November 2017 19: 02
          Russia is not happy with gold, too. We buy engines - Energomash employees get their salaries. They are satisfied laughing
          Are there similar enterprises in your country?
          1. +6
            1 November 2017 19: 18
            Quote: The_Lancet
            Are there similar enterprises in your country?

            we don’t have - but our money, albeit a controversial one, has been secured with a gold and foreign exchange reserve - and what is your money secured, except for printing presses?
            1. +7
              1 November 2017 19: 40
              Quote: Partyzan
              Quote: The_Lancet
              Are there similar enterprises in your country?

              we don’t have - but our money, albeit a controversial one, has been secured with a gold and foreign exchange reserve - and what is your money secured, except for printing presses?

              Well, how? Aircraft carriers ... And we are provided with gold, Volodya, the reserves may not be large, but they are provided ... Yes
              1. +7
                1 November 2017 19: 42
                Quote: Cutter
                reserves may not be large, but secured ..

                and he is thinking now
                1. +2
                  1 November 2017 22: 14
                  Quote: Partyzan
                  and he is thinking now

                  They no longer print money, it's too expensive, they just change the numbers on the computer.
                  In two months, 600 billion were painted on the display.
                  They are gods, they create national wealth from the air, straighten the tablecloth of samobran and the rest of the world are suckers.
          2. +3
            1 November 2017 19: 44
            And you do not know? The State Department did not say, What can we produce? Not engines, but what they put into orbit :)
    3. 0
      1 November 2017 18: 38
      Sanctions are very selective, money likes to count, so they won’t do anything bad for themselves.
      1. +5
        1 November 2017 19: 02
        If I understand everything correctly, then apparently the main thing in this business is money? Well, like, we earn them by selling what we do better than others. So? So. But after all, Americans are not friends to us at the moment? And they spoil us openly wherever they can. Some kind of not normal relationship with us, we are good to them, but they are evil to us. God will punish America!
        1. +1
          1 November 2017 19: 42
          So the Ukrainians are crap, and we are energy sources, brotherly, so why be surprised
    4. 0
      1 November 2017 19: 15
      Well, yes, we have paid salaries. Americans on our engines launched spy satellites into orbit and designated as targets for a global strike, including those who received a salary from their sale. Something like that.
    5. +2
      1 November 2017 19: 21
      Quote: Not Liberoid Russian
      and cheers screamers from the couch will now start yelling about sanctions, a ban on trade from the United States and all that

      Come on! We will remain silent even when missiles with these engines deliver us American warheads to the threshold of the house ... belay feel
      1. +3
        1 November 2017 19: 31
        Quote: Esoteric
        Come on! We will remain silent even when missiles with these engines deliver us American warheads to the threshold of the house ... belay feel

        Can I learn more? What strike pindo-strategic missiles are our engines on?
    6. +2
      1 November 2017 19: 53
      earned money, then paid taxes and salaries, and funds for further work and modernization of production
      Well done Che. What about pensions, education and medicine?
      start screaming about sanctions, a ban on trade from the usa and all that
      Yes, no one yells, only then do not whine about the State Department, Washington, the fifth column. Helped the poor America, well, well done. Everything is fine with us.
    7. +4
      1 November 2017 20: 01
      The most interesting thing in the article is this Deliveries of RD-181, which are equipped with the new Antares LVs for the ISS, are limited to the civilian sphere.

      Well, well .. Freshly the tradition ... The lousy Mistrals weren’t sold to us so as not to facilitate the logistics in Syria, and the trainer bulbs in Mulino weren’t sold so that, God forbid, the combat readiness of the Russian army grew one iota .. And what are we to them? The engines for your missiles that spy satellites, communications, target designations derive? By all means! And for the earned money we’ll buy from you more debt ..
      RRS: About the money for salaries to employees that the engines do not need, these are pennies for the state in the above-mentioned pieces of paper we put on ORDERS more! There is money, but the question is who is spending it like that ....
    8. 0
      6 November 2017 12: 10
      There is a tactic, but there is a strategy. It makes sense in economics, but there is no common sense in geopolitics. What else are you shouting ?!
  2. +6
    1 November 2017 18: 35
    Lapotnaya, backward Russia .. As I recall, we were all offended by libertine in the 90s, and now.
    1. +4
      1 November 2017 18: 37
      Russia is a generous soul! (in this case, good)
      1. +3
        1 November 2017 18: 43
        Here the word RESPONSIBLE AND ORDER is more suitable .. hi
        Quote: Black
        Russia is a generous soul! (in this case, good)
        1. +2
          1 November 2017 18: 45
          Quote: 210ox
          Here the word RESPONSIBLE AND ORDER is more suitable .. hi
          Quote: Black
          Russia is a generous soul! (in this case, good)

          Yes, I understand everything ..... let me at least bruise .. smile
      2. +9
        1 November 2017 18: 48
        Quote: Black
        Russia is a generous soul! (in this case, good)

        but preferably coconut turnip
        1. +4
          1 November 2017 19: 03
          Quote: Partyzan
          but preferably coconut turnip

          ... and a waffle all over the face ... smile
        2. +5
          1 November 2017 19: 15
          Quote: Partyzan
          Quote: Black
          Russia is a generous soul! (in this case, good)

          but preferably coconut turnip

          The most annoying thing is that this famous chocolate brand is completely western ..
          That's how they constantly deceive us, picking dirty fingers in our souls .. And the worst thing is in the souls of our grandchildren and children ..
          We are seasoned, we understand everything .. soldier Oh Russia ..
      3. +2
        1 November 2017 19: 24
        Quote: Black
        Russia is a generous soul! (in this case, good)

        The authorities of Russia are generous at the national expense. All right, they have ... All in all, 514 billion of foreign debt. Just think, they borrowed $ 20 on government spending ... On the one, it must be desperately ... wink
        1. +10
          1 November 2017 19: 44
          Quote: Esoteric
          Quote: Black
          Russia is a generous soul! (in this case, good)

          The authorities of Russia are generous at the national expense. All right, they have ... All in all, 514 billion of foreign debt. Just think, they borrowed $ 20 on government spending ... On the one, it must be desperately ... wink

          Pensioners are starving and roads are broken, corruption and oligarchy ...)))))
          It seems to have forgotten nothing ..? lol Ah yes, Putin’s "bloody regime" .. hehe
          How are you all tired already with your whining .. How many more are you ahead?
          1. +4
            1 November 2017 19: 57
            Pensioners are starving and roads are broken, corruption and oligarchy ...)))))
            Why is there really no corruption, no oligarchs? And the roads in Moscow are already paved twice a year, that’s what it means in the country, money is piled up.
            1. +5
              1 November 2017 20: 25
              Quote: Gardamir
              Pensioners are starving and roads are broken, corruption and oligarchy ...)))))
              Why is there really no corruption, no oligarchs? And the roads in Moscow are already paved twice a year, that’s what it means in the country, money is piled up.

              Everything was and is alas ... But when the whining begins about it every day, then the trouble is being prepared, for the next redistribution of property and bloodthirsty in Russia!
              Everything will settle down sooner or later ... As Chernomyrdin (deceased, Stepanych) said, no matter what party you create in Russia, the CPSU will come out anyway! laughing
          2. The comment was deleted.
    2. 0
      1 November 2017 20: 06
      Backward America flew on SS engines in Hollywood
  3. win
    +2
    1 November 2017 18: 35
    Khimki Research and Production Association Energomash to Supply Orbital ATK from 2017 to 2018 14 engines RD-181, designed for installation on Antares boosters.
  4. +1
    1 November 2017 18: 42
    Fly dear partners, launch military satellites, at a price of 20 years ago, which is typical
  5. +5
    1 November 2017 18: 44
    Our response to sanctions, or is money above all? ?? fool
    1. 0
      1 November 2017 19: 28
      Quote: Herkulesich
      Our response to sanctions, or is money above all? ??

      Here you can understand what the power of sanctions really is. A sort of Russian-American state monopoly. They sing one thing, do another. And all this will resolve until the year 2035 ... Be sure ... what
  6. 0
    1 November 2017 18: 54
    Quote: The_Lancet
    ban trade from the usa and all that

    Energomash sends two RD-181 engines for Antares rockets to the USA

    There is a ban on trade in engines with Russia? I don’t know about this. There should be cooperation in the peaceful space sphere.

    The ban exists in America, we do not have such a ban. request
    1. +5
      1 November 2017 19: 32
      Quote: Simon
      The ban exists in America, we do not have such a ban. request

      To us, America is not a decree. They have sanctions, but we don’t have them. It is they who expel the embassy workers and break flags, and we have New Year's parties. It was their oil that fell in price along with the ruble, and in our country it went up along with the dollar ... belay Continue? feel
      1. 0
        1 November 2017 21: 23
        Quote: Esoteric
        To us, America is not a decree. They have sanctions, but we don’t have them. It is they who expel the embassy workers and break flags, and we have New Year's parties. It was their oil that fell in price along with the ruble, and in our country it went up along with the dollar ... Continue?

        So the continuation begs:
        "We proudly call our country RUSSIA, and foreigners enviously say" rush ", but still it is ours, our rush!"
        laughing
  7. +7
    1 November 2017 19: 00
    I think everyone is aware that the Americans do not sell us not only military equipment but also equipment with the possibility of double use. And on our engines they launch military satellites, tracking, positioning, etc. And we are shaking for money that we won’t get if we don’t sell them to them. And we ourselves find an excuse. Ale garage.
    1. +2
      1 November 2017 19: 42
      That's right, they write about some benefits ... But if the satellite launched by the pyrdossians destroys, for example, Glonass, what will they write?
  8. +2
    1 November 2017 19: 00
    Quote: Bathhouse attendant-M
    Lapotnaya, backward Russia .. As I recall, we were all offended by libertine in the 90s, and now.

    Lapotnaya for liberals, and 20 years ago they created such an engine that advanced America could not create! The question is, how did they fly to the moon? recourse Is it not a fake request
    1. +8
      1 November 2017 19: 27

      And so they flew
    2. 0
      2 November 2017 12: 58
      Of course fake! How else?
      Any intelligent person understands that they could not fly to the moon, because they would certainly have crashed into the firmament of heaven!
  9. +3
    1 November 2017 19: 07
    This, apparently, in the framework of the announced counter sanctions (titanium and space) am

    I am writing not as a censure of Energomash, but in the context of verbalism of the announced counter-sanctions. In fact, they won’t do anything. wassat
  10. +2
    1 November 2017 19: 13
    The Nazis shipped wheat until the last, until June 22, 1941. Amer - rocket engines to the last. Or victorious. Okay so.
    1. +3
      1 November 2017 20: 01
      The Nazis shipped wheat until the last, until June 22, 1941
      Uncle Kent0001 are you *****? June 21, 1941 there was no war. And now the Kremlin is buzzing from each iron about the evil America leading the war, and at the same time is partnering. Feel the difference.
  11. 0
    1 November 2017 19: 15
    While they need to supply money for the producer and the country, one hell the time will come and these Russian Railways will become useless to anyone and all this production will be curtailed.
  12. +1
    1 November 2017 19: 28
    Quote: volodya
    Yes, they did everything right, the contract is a contract and money is earned. But it’s a shame, they paraffin us in every way!

    ---------------------------
    Envy sir! laughing
  13. +3
    1 November 2017 19: 40
    The answer to the sanctions?
  14. +4
    1 November 2017 20: 15
    Quote: SRC P-15
    Energomash sends two RD-181 engines for Antares rockets to the USA

    That's how it is: the United States with its Antares rushing, rushing - this is the carrier, and with our engine RD-181 - this is the launch vehicle. Feel the difference! smile

    They concluded an agreement with us for the supply of this engine (60 units in the amount of 1 billion) thanks to our best Ukrainian friends. At one time, the Americans bought from us very old NK engines, left over from our lunar program and dusted at the warehouse for half a century. And the Ukrainians have modernized them so that Antares exploded at the start. After that, the Americans came to the conclusion that it is better to buy directly from the Russians

    Quote: SRC P-15
    Max, welcome! I don’t understand: RD-181 seems to be a two-chamber engine, and here they write that it is single-chamber. Or do we specially make a single-chamber RD-181 for them? Are you off topic?

    This is a “quarter” from the four-chamber RD-170.
  15. +1
    1 November 2017 20: 41
    Well, yes, they sanction us, we give them an engine for missiles, everything is logical.
    1. Gml
      +1
      1 November 2017 21: 04
      we give them an engine for rockets
      Yes, it’s a pity of course that they transmit, that would be a movie, and a huge forfeit, and give the drawings.
  16. 0
    1 November 2017 21: 55
    The joint-stock company NPO Energomash has completed the 2017 program of the year for the supply of RD-181 rocket engines to the USA,


    In the words of one black classic, part-time US president ...

  17. +2
    1 November 2017 22: 03
    Money, money, making more money is the main national idea of ​​Russia today. and concepts such as national dignity are no longer important. They are sticks in wheels, and you are their engines, so that they are not very far behind in the most advanced industry. If it were the other way around, they would have shown you butter cookies for a long time and not engines.
  18. +2
    1 November 2017 22: 43
    Something I have, sons, is real schizophrenia. I read the comments. Those who pour bad liquid every day on Americans, look for agents of the State Department in each, and the fifth column is now amicably voted, which is very good that we are selling strategic engines to America. But in order to support them, we can also say that several trillion dollars were invested in the American economy, which were withdrawn from Russia.
    1. +4
      1 November 2017 22: 45
      Americans must be destroyed by wealth! And let our poor population still tolerate until the adversary gets round.
  19. 0
    2 November 2017 05: 48
    Now it's time to close the shop ...
    1. 0
      2 November 2017 19: 13
      Engine manufacturer - Energomash will be against.
  20. +1
    2 November 2017 08: 51
    When comrade Stalin would hardly have been sold. And so everything is sold to "our" friends.
  21. 0
    2 November 2017 09: 13
    While the Americans provide the "workload" of our space industry with the production of serial RD-181 engines (created on the basis of RD-170 for the Energia launch vehicle in 1987), they themselves are successfully mastering advanced production facilities. And China has planned the first launch of a reusable spacecraft for 2020. This was reported by Xinhua News Agency. Generally not embarrassed to copy and fly into space.
    When will there be reason to be proud of the Russian cosmonautics like the first manned flight into space, fully automatic operation in space and the Buran atmosphere or the Mir orbital station that has no analogues, it was flooded in the Pacific Ocean on March 23, 2001 (exactly 40 days before the anniversary of the first flight man into space)!
    PS There is no Russian symbolism in the interplanetary space, but there are dozens of devices with the symbols of a civilization that no longer exists - the USSR: on the moon and around it are "Moon-1 - 24", "Probe" and "Lunokhod-1 -2"; the devices that studied Venus, Mars and other cosmic bodies - Venus-1 -16, Vega-1 - 2, Mars-1 - 7, Phobos ... etc.
    1. +1
      2 November 2017 19: 16
      With Roscosmos, no achievements in the space sphere can be expected. Russia will not have them, with this corporation.
  22. 0
    2 November 2017 10: 03
    There is no alternative to the Russian engines in the USA yet, and no matter how much they tryns about failures ... the only result is dependence, but how does it root them out ....
    1. 0
      2 November 2017 11: 22
      Most launches this year were performed on the Falcon-9, on which the American engines.
      1. 0
        6 November 2017 20: 10
        Old, which before and even more ...
        Only hear about new ones, from the 14th that in work ...
    2. +1
      2 November 2017 15: 20
      Cosmonautics in the USA is in full swing becoming private, and who is it rooting for?
  23. 0
    6 November 2017 16: 46
    http://argumenti.ru/society/2017/07/543683?utm_re
    ferrer = https% 3A% 2F% 2Fzen.yandex.com

"Right Sector" (banned in Russia), "Ukrainian Insurgent Army" (UPA) (banned in Russia), ISIS (banned in Russia), "Jabhat Fatah al-Sham" formerly "Jabhat al-Nusra" (banned in Russia) , Taliban (banned in Russia), Al-Qaeda (banned in Russia), Anti-Corruption Foundation (banned in Russia), Navalny Headquarters (banned in Russia), Facebook (banned in Russia), Instagram (banned in Russia), Meta (banned in Russia), Misanthropic Division (banned in Russia), Azov (banned in Russia), Muslim Brotherhood (banned in Russia), Aum Shinrikyo (banned in Russia), AUE (banned in Russia), UNA-UNSO (banned in Russia), Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar people (banned in Russia), Legion “Freedom of Russia” (armed formation, recognized as terrorist in the Russian Federation and banned), Kirill Budanov (included to the Rosfinmonitoring list of terrorists and extremists)

“Non-profit organizations, unregistered public associations or individuals performing the functions of a foreign agent,” as well as media outlets performing the functions of a foreign agent: “Medusa”; "Voice of America"; "Realities"; "Present time"; "Radio Freedom"; Ponomarev Lev; Ponomarev Ilya; Savitskaya; Markelov; Kamalyagin; Apakhonchich; Makarevich; Dud; Gordon; Zhdanov; Medvedev; Fedorov; Mikhail Kasyanov; "Owl"; "Alliance of Doctors"; "RKK" "Levada Center"; "Memorial"; "Voice"; "Person and law"; "Rain"; "Mediazone"; "Deutsche Welle"; QMS "Caucasian Knot"; "Insider"; "New Newspaper"