"Emerald" Nevsky Plant

80

Natural emeralds are rarely flawless ...
Increased fragility is a characteristic feature of the stone ...
(http://mineralpro.ru)



“They were twenty-seven strong, high-speed ships, with the latest artillery of ships: they were surrounded by a close, iron ring, proud, intoxicated with yesterday's victory and all the successes of such a happy war for them; we only had four broken, old ships, they also had 7 destroyers. If these destroyers are taken as one warship, then the number of enemies was 7 times stronger than us. Taking into account the moral depression that the entire personnel of the remaining ships experienced, after the terrible pictures of the battle the day before, ... the complete absence of real shells, the old, nowhere-worthless artillery, all this, taken together, did not make our enemy seven, but infinitely stronger than us. "
So emotionally and colorfully described Ensign Alexander Shamiy position in which the detachment of Admiral Nebogatov was in 10 hours 15 in the morning of May 1905. However, it should be noted that initially there were five ships in it: in addition to the three obsolete battleships and the Eagle, which was beaten by shells and the Orla tormented by fires, there was also a light cruiser, Emerald, about which this article will be discussed.



"Emerald" Nevsky Plant
The cruiser "Emerald" on the Kronstadt raid


The Emerald was laid at the Nevsky Shipbuilding Plant in 1902, its construction basically ended with 28 months later, although some nodes and systems continued to be checked and taken on the transition to Madagascar, which the cruiser had to reach for the Second Pacific Squadron, which left Revel a month earlier than him. The project was based on the drawings of the Novik cruiser acquired earlier in Germany. Perched at the command of a military customer on his deck, additional armaments and masts, as well as the replacement of the Schihau boilers with the Yarrow boilers did not benefit the ship: in particular, the maximum speed decreased from 25 to 24 nodes, and the 12 sailing range -The nodal move decreased from 2,370 to 2,090 miles.

The workmanship of both the cruiser hull and its various systems also turned out to be not up to par. Here is what Kravchenko, the ship's doctor of the Emerald, wrote about this in his diary: “The deck flows a lot. Almost everywhere the water drops, and where it pours in streams. In the car, then one, then the other bearing warms up, or the “flange” will burst ... Electricity makes a fool and once at six o'clock in the midst of dinner it completely went out until the morning. ”

Characteristically, with all the shortcomings, the cost of a cruiser built in Russia turned out to be almost twice as high as its German predecessor (3 549 848 rubles. Vs. 2 000 870 rubles.). Given this fact, today's discussions about the possibility of acquiring warships from China are beginning to be seen in a very special light. Having joined the Second Squadron of the Pacific Ocean, the Emerald made with it a transition from the island of Madagascar to the East China Sea.


Cruiser "Emerald" in the campaign


On the night of 13 on 14, May 1905, a compound of Admiral Rozhestvensky consisting of twelve armored ships, nine armored, light and auxiliary cruisers, nine torpedo boats and eight non-combat ships entered the Tsushima Strait for further breakthrough into Vladivostok.

At the beginning of the second hour of the day, fighting detachments of Japanese ships led by Admiral Togo appeared on the countercourse of the Russian squadron. In 13: 49, the flagship battleship "Prince Suvorov" fired a sighting shot at the lead ship of the Japanese, thereby launching a sea battle lasting many hours, later called Tsushima.

At the beginning of the battle, "Emerald" carried out the prescription received the day before and kept abreast of the flagship of the second armored detachment, the battleship Oslyabya, from the opposite side from the enemy. After about 40 minutes, the cruiser changed its position in the ranks, as its commander, second-rank captain Vasily Nikolayevich Ferzen, noticed that Oslyabya, badly injured by enemy fire, was in distress, and turned to him, intending to help.


Vasily Nikolaevich Ferzen


However, having approached the place of the death of the battleship, the cruiser commander decided to limit himself to ordering to dump the people in the water, bunks, buoys and one whaleboat without rowers. The report prepared by Baron Ferzen after the battle indicated that he “was forced to give a move and move away from the Oslyabya place of death, so as not to interfere with the battleships of the 3 and 2 units to perform their maneuver.”

There are certain doubts about this explanation, since the destroyers “Violent”, “Braviy” and “Bystryi” being at the same place and in the same place could, without interfering with the battleships, carry out rescue operations, thanks to which almost four hundred members were raised from the water crew "Oslyabi." Therefore, it seems more plausible that Baron Fersen hurried to get out of the region intensively fired by the enemy solely out of fear of getting into his ship.

Leaving the place of death "Oslyabya", "Emerald" went to the right side of the battleship column and, several times changing its position relative to it, eventually ended up on the traverse of the battleship "Emperor Nicholas I", which was a junior flagship, rear admiral Nebogatov.

At about half past six in the evening, the squadron battleship Alexander III, who was in charge of the Russian ships, was tilting badly, rolling to the left and turning over.

According to the above-mentioned report of the captain of the second rank, Fersen, he “went full speed and went to the perishing battleship to save people as far as possible ... Going to the overturned battleship remaining to swim upward with a keel, stopped the cruiser and began to lower the rostreth boat out of the roost boat by that time I was gone; at the same time, drop all lifebuoys, belts, and bunks that were on hand. The enemy armored cruisers, quickly moving, opened fire ... When the distance to our end battleship became 20 cable, gave full speed, put it right on board and went to the squadron. The boat did not have time to lower. "

Alas, the life-saving appliances released into the icy water of the Sea of ​​Japan did not help drowning people: not one person escaped from more than nine hundred members of the “Alexander” crew.

On the night of 14 on May 15, the Emerald cruiser remained near Nicholas I and the Admiral Senyavin, General Admiral Apraksin and Orel, which followed the battleship of the battleships. After sunrise, the detachment moving in the direction of Vladivostok was quickly opened by Japanese reconnaissance cruisers, who accompanied him for several hours, simultaneously directing his main forces on him. At about 10: the morning of the 30, Russian ships were surrounded by an enemy many times overwhelming them.

Not considering it possible to inflict any significant damage to the enemy ships, and also, seeing no possibility of escaping from them, the commander of the detachment, Rear Admiral Nebogatov, decided to surrender. By his order, on the mast of Nicholas I, the signals "Surrounded" and "I give up" were raised.

Having examined the flagship signals, the commanders of armored ships ordered to rehearse it already on their masts. In contrast, the second-rank captain Fersen decided not to give up the ship and gave the order to go at full speed into the gap between the enemy cruisers, still remaining in the south-east direction. It is necessary to appreciate this act of the commander of "Emerald" and pay tribute to the fact that instead of the shame of captivity, which nevertheless would surely save his life, and perhaps even the title (he could always say that he simply obeyed the order of his admiral) he chose to make a breakthrough attempt.

The Japanese did not immediately guess the Emerald maneuver. When it became clear that he was leaving, the cruisers Niitaka (maximum speed of 20 knots), Kasagi (22 knots), and Chetose (22 knots) rushed in pursuit. The Niitaka quickly fell behind, but the other two Japanese cruisers continued to pursue the Emerald for several hours, until it was hidden from them by the veil of thickened fog.

Despite the fact that the Russian cruiser managed to escape from the chase, his position remained very difficult for the following reasons:
1. During the battle on May 14, the Emerald had to sharply reverse or stop the car several times from full forward speed, which led to the formation of cracks in the steam line that fed the stern auxiliary mechanisms, including the steering wheel. The senior mechanic who examined the damage concluded that the maximum speed that the cruiser could give without the risk of further breakdowns did not exceed 15 knots.
2. Long-term movement at high speed required a significant consumption of angle, so the available fuel supply on the ship was extremely limited.
3. Leaving pursuit, the Emerald leaned strongly to the southeast, so that the Japanese cruisers could take up positions on its possible route to Vladivostok in order to intercept, which, given the first two points, would be impossible to avoid.

Taking into account all of the above, V.N. Fersen decided to follow the course NO 43⁰, which allowed him to approach the end point of the route, approaching the coast at a distance of 50 miles.


The location of the cruiser "Emerald" in the afternoon of 15 on May


During the further movement of the cruiser, the aft steam line collapsed so much that it was necessary to separate it and plug it with flanges. This led to the need to reload coal from one pit to another, since its consumption in the fireplaces located in different parts of the ship went unevenly, and the ability to feed steam from the bow to the stern no longer existed.

Coal overload went on continuously, starting from the evening of May 15, for which the entire crew of the ship was involved, with the exception of the shift of the gunners located near the guns. People were extremely tired: V.N. Ferzen noted that "for work performed in ordinary time by one, it was necessary to appoint three." Due to the fatigue of the stokers, the cruiser course dropped to 13 nodes.

Understanding that malfunctions in the undercarriage of the ship and overwork of the team, which had not had time to rest for more than two days, could become decisive factors in the event of a meeting with the enemy, Vasily Nikolayevich decided to reduce its probability to the minimum possible and gave the order to follow to Vladimir Bay located in 350 kilometers northeast of Vladivostok. Obviously located closer to the main base fleet Posyet and Nakhodka bays were rejected by him for the same reasons as Vladivostok itself: the possibility of intercepting enemy ships on the route to them, as well as the risk that they would be mined by the Japanese.

Emerald reached Vladimir Bay near 0: 30 on the night of 16 on May 17. Since by that time the stock of coal on the ship was almost exhausted and, in addition, all the available wood was burned, with the exception of boats and masts, the commander decided to enter the bay without waiting for dawn.

If the maneuver was a success, then between the cruiser and the open sea would be the peninsula Vatovskogo, which would hide the "Emerald" from the Japanese ships, leading his search. Unfortunately, at the entrance to the bay, the navigator officer Lieutenant Polushkin, who was in charge of setting the ship, mistakenly determined the distance to Cape Orekhovy, because of which the cruiser approached him too much and jumped to the end of the reef coming from this cape.


Vladimir Bay on the map


During the night tide, an attempt was made to dismantle the ship. For this purpose, the wrens was started, and simultaneously with the launch of the spire choosing its chain, the full course was given by the machines. Despite this, the cruiser remained motionless. The measurements made showed that for the length of the body 2 / 3, he sat in the water above the minimum groove almost 0.5 meter.

It made sense to make further attempts to remove it only after the ship was unloaded, for which it would be necessary to drain the water from its boilers, as well as remove the heavy guns of the main caliber and ammunition. Naturally, in addition to this, it would be necessary to replenish the fuel reserves, since by the time it was stranded there were no more than 8-10 tons. Most likely, coal was in the village of Olga, located fifty kilometers south of the location of the cruiser. But in order to use it, it would be necessary to send a rowing boat there from the Emerald, to get the necessary amount of coal loaded onto any ship in Olga Bay, and bring it to Vladimir Bay.

Performing all the above actions would have required at least 24 hours, which did not suit the commander of the ship, since in the case of a very likely, in his opinion, the appearance of the Japanese, which was an excellent target, the fixed Emerald could fight with them only two 120- mm guns, and would inevitably be shot or, worse, captured.

Baron Ferzen’s categorical assurance that enemy ships are about to appear on the horizon cannot be explained by anything else than the played out imagination and shattered nerves. After all, even assuming that the Japanese, having guessed his intention not to go to Vladivostok, would send one or two cruisers to search for the Emerald, it would take them at least a few days to inspect all suitable bays and bays in the southeastern part of Primorye. (in fact, the first Japanese ship entered the Vladimir Bay only after a month and a half).

You can also ask fair questions about whether the Emerald did not make sense to go to Olga right away, since it was located closer along the cruiser’s route, and how VN Ferzen planned to solve the fuel problem, if the setting in Vladimir Bay was successful.

On the first question in his testimony of the militaryhistorical The commander of the cruiser explained to the commission that “at first he intended to go to Olga, but the senior officer expressed the opinion that this bay was probably mined to give shelter to our destroyers from the enemy. Recognizing this assumption as solid, Vladimir chose ... "Hiding the Emerald in the South Bay Bay, V.N. Fersen could deliver coal in a relatively quiet manner.

Be that as it may, the cruiser was aground, and its commander decided to blow up the ship. Without collecting military council, V.N. Ferzen discussed his decision with some officers. It is known that at least two of them (midshipman Virenius and the mechanic Topchiev) spoke out against the immediate destruction of the Emerald. How many people were in favor was not known for sure. In the testimony of Patton-Fanton-de-Verrion, a senior officer and navigator officer Polushkin, that have come down to us, their personal opinions are not given, but it is emphasized that the captain of the second rank Ferzen made the decision about the explosion alone.


Cruiser "Emerald" after the explosion


So, the cruiser’s fate was resolved, and 17 in May 1905, near 13: 30, two charging compartments were blown up on it, causing a fire in the bow of the ship and an explosion of stern cartridge cellars, which virtually destroyed the entire Emerald. Six days later, on the orders of the commander, additional explosions were carried out, which brought the cruiser’s vehicles to a complete disrepair. After that, the crew of the Emerald on foot went to Vladivostok and reached it in the second half of July.

Subsequently, Baron Fersen was awarded the gold weapons "For courage", which gave rise to a certain discontent among the officers. Opinions were expressed that the cruiser was ruined by the commander almost intentionally, in order to avoid further participation in hostilities. Some even believed that the Emerald did not accomplish any exploits on the morning of May 15. Here is what, for example, Ensign Shamiye, who was on the battleship Nicholas I at that time, showed about this:
"Emerald" received permission to go to Vladivostok, gave full speed, over 23 nodes, and disappeared. Nobody cut him off from the squadron and he did not break through anywhere, as it was written in the report, but simply, using the power of his mechanisms, he avoided the misfortune into which we were put. ”

It’s strange to read such opinions, at least, because they are based on the absurd assumption that V.N. Ferzen was convinced beforehand that his ship with damages in the undercarriage and a weary crew could escape the pursuit of the Japanese. In fact, if the Emerald were a little smaller, he would have to take an unequal battle with a strong opponent, similar to those in which the cruisers Svetlana, Dmitry Donskoy and Vladimir Monomakh were killed.

It seems that in the episode with a breakthrough, the captain of the second rank Ferzen showed rare courage and composure, which differed, alas, not all ship commanders in that so unsuccessful war for Russia. Unfortunately, Vasily Nikolayevich himself was unable to demonstrate these qualities either during the 14 battle on May 9, when his ship had the opportunity to assist battleships in distress, or after Izumrud, having escaped from enemy cruisers, reached the shores of Primorye.

Sources:
Report Cap. 2p. Fersen
Indication cap. 2p. Fersen
Indication cap. 2p. Patton-Fanton-de-Verrion
Leith testimony. Polushkina
Indication prap. Shamie
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  1. +3
    3 November 2017 15: 21
    Yes, a light cruiser would not be in the way of the Vladivostok detachment.
    1. +5
      3 November 2017 15: 42
      What is left of the detachment by this time? And how would it help? Moreover, initially the wok had a hero who surpassed the pebble by an order of magnitude
      1. +1
        3 November 2017 16: 09
        Yes, even set mines, but destroyers covered. And the Bogatyr swept over the entire repair war, it can be ignored completely. Russia and Stormbreaker remained after the death of Rurik.
        1. Cat
          +7
          3 November 2017 19: 10
          1. With a successful outcome in Aladik there would be 3 light cruisers: Bogatyr, Emerald and Diamond. indelible to the weakness of armaments at Diamond - it’s already, something was worth it!
          2. Cool not cool Emerald lost stupid.
          3. Believe you do not believe, and the death of the series coils mystical feelings. All: Novik, Emerald and Pearl died in the Far East!
          1. +2
            3 November 2017 23: 18
            Quote: Kotischa
            All: Novik, Emerald and Pearl died in the Far East!

            First two yes Yes , "Pearl" died in Southeast Asia request
            1. +3
              4 November 2017 12: 28
              Forgot Boyar.
              Quoted higher than Novik due to better seaworthiness.
              But, mediocre lost at the very beginning of the war.
              1. 0
                5 November 2017 12: 10
                Quote: ignoto
                But, mediocre lost at the very beginning of the war.

                The order for "drowning" also received ..
            2. 0
              5 November 2017 12: 15
              Quote: Rurikovich
              "Pearls" died in Southeast Asia

              also participated in Tsushima like all the pebbles, interned in Manila, sunk by 2 torpedoes from Emden in 1MV.
              Some kind of evil rock above Tsushima’s ships .... Those that went to Vladivostok didn’t reach were sunk. The evil rock caught pearls 10 years later.
              Unless Aurora ... but she has a destiny ..
      2. +3
        3 November 2017 19: 44
        Quote: Nehist
        What is left of the detachment by this time? And how would it help? Moreover, initially the wok had a hero who surpassed the pebble by an order of magnitude

        In vain you are so, indiscriminately. Guns are good, but they are not the main thing. Guns for battle. A light cruiser is reconnaissance: the speed of vapor recovery, low inconspicuous silhouette (smoke is smoke, but silhouette is important), and maneuverability.
    2. 0
      4 November 2017 11: 26
      Quote: Victor Wolz
      Yes, a light cruiser would not be in the way of the Vladivostok detachment.

      =========
      Well, THERE WASN’T THERE, THERE WAS NO EXISTENCE of concepts like "Light" and "Heavy" cruisers. These concepts began to take shape only in World War I and finally settled in the wording of the Washington Treaty on the Limitation of Naval Arms !!!
      And in those days, cruisers were divided by rank (classes in English terminology) and the type of protection armored, armored and armored).
      "Novik", Pearls "and" Emerald "belonged to the II-rank armored deck !!
      1. +2
        4 November 2017 14: 15
        This is not essential, we are adults and do not confuse Asama and the Urals, although both are like cruisers).
  2. +4
    3 November 2017 15: 23
    He did not surrender to the enemy, and that’s it. The rest is blah blah blah angry
  3. +1
    3 November 2017 16: 35
    Respect to the author! Recalled episodes of the Russo-Japanese War! but now not one ship can boast of such endurance,
    1. Cat
      +4
      3 November 2017 19: 17
      )))))?
      Stamina?

      If you look from the side, all the corals of the 2nd and 3rd Pacific squadrons had worn mechanisms that caused their disaster. If to be objective, then the feat of the cruisers Svetlana, Dmitry Donskoy and Vladimir Monamakh, even unhappy with the 45mm artillery of the Diamond, is more honest. The former did not even have a 15 nodal passage and died in battle, and the latter "deceived everyone" and the only one reached Vladivostok.
      1. 0
        4 November 2017 12: 38
        Is this the latest Borodino had worn gears?
        The Japanese battleships had no less problems with the mechanisms. The British brought the water-tube boilers up to standard only in the following series.
        Armored cruisers were generally "slow-moving" .: from 17 to 15 knots.
        In general, this war is very similar to the Spanish-American. Who wrote off from whom?
  4. +3
    3 November 2017 16: 55
    one consolation that the enemy did not get as a trophy, and that’s good, and the crew survived
  5. +3
    3 November 2017 16: 58
    "... Rear Admiral Nebogatov decided to surrender. By his order, the signals" Surrounded "and" Surrender "were raised on the mast of Nicholas I ..."
    Different people, different fates ... "Varangian" with "Korean" chose Honor!
    1. Cat
      +2
      3 November 2017 19: 22
      Quote: Evrodav
      "... Rear Admiral Nebogatov decided to surrender. By his order, the signals" Surrounded "and" Surrender "were raised on the mast of Nicholas I ..."
      Different people, different fates ... "Varangian" with "Korean" chose Honor!

      Controversial statement!
      Essentially, if the former chose Honor, it is not a fact that they inflicted damage on anyone. But the “feat” was more justified, because after Tsushima there was no choice.
      Second? If the captain Varyaga - Rudnev “turned on the brain in a timely manner”, then instead of Honor and feat, he could save both the cruiser and the crew! But history does not like syllabic declension. Alas!!!
    2. 0
      3 November 2017 20: 21
      Or maybe the decision was right? Saving the lives of the remaining sailors in this stupid adventurous war - is it worse than dying as heroes? And who by name knows and honors the dead sailors of that war? Yes, few people remember the heroes of the Second World War.
      1. Cat
        +1
        3 November 2017 20: 33
        So it would be easier to flood the cruiser and canary on the Seoul raid.
      2. +3
        3 November 2017 22: 20
        If you forgive everyone the surrender to save people ..... it’s worse at the outbreak of any war immediately published ......
    3. +1
      3 November 2017 20: 52
      The Japanese "lifted" the Varangian and used it as a training ship (10 years went under the Japanese flag).
      1. Cat
        +1
        3 November 2017 21: 44
        Like the Nekogatov ekadra!
    4. +1
      3 November 2017 22: 09
      The Varangian and the Korean were better armed and had a not so overwhelming superiority on the part of the enemy, however, they could not escape due to the narrowness of the strait and they, like Emerald, were flooded with honor after an unequal battle, and the Emerald went offshore
      1. Cat
        +1
        4 November 2017 06: 08
        Rudnev lost time! And a second in battle is equal to a day on a peaceful day.
        Would he be a little insightful or something! And .....
        1. 0
          4 November 2017 14: 25
          what does it mean to lose time and what is more insightful, about time, if you are in the port and the exit from the port is controlled by a whole squadron, then what will the time give you? About the foresight of the arrival of the squadron, are you talking about clairvoyance? no Rudnev was not clairvoyant.
    5. 0
      4 November 2017 15: 42
      And for me in tsushima this is the only moment - where I at least remained satisfied.
      Most importantly, people survived - they would have simply killed with zero losses for the enemy.
  6. +1
    3 November 2017 18: 34
    In Tsushima, the episode with the Emerald was mentioned, but briefly. Thanks to the author for the details.
    1. Cat
      +4
      3 November 2017 19: 25
      Novikov-Priboy in his work revealed the situation more than! The only thing I don’t know is it worth believing in Pikul, who claimed on his pages that the sailors of Emerald returned to Vladivostok with a herd of cows?
      1. +4
        3 November 2017 20: 14
        Novikov-Priboy wrote about cows in Tsushima, to which I relate more as a literary work than as a historical document - many events are presented too biased in it, including those related to " Emerald. "
        1. Cat
          +1
          3 November 2017 21: 49
          "Cows" are also in the lines of V. Pikul. By the word "Herd" is mentioned by other sources, but is it true or not?
        2. +3
          3 November 2017 23: 30
          Quote: Ivanchester
          Novikov-Priboy wrote about cows in Tsushima, to which I relate more as a literary work than as a historical document - many events are presented too biased in it, including those related to " Emerald. "

          The “Tsushima” of Novikov-Priboy is rather fiction based on memoirs, therefore the author, who had suspicions of revolutionary activity even at the time of the battle, brought his visions of those events.
          the same applies to Pikul. It’s just that his presentation language is interesting, which brought popularity request
          Because the version of whether the “Pearl” breakthrough was heroic, whether it was a simple flight, each will continue to have its own supporters.
          Personally, for me, the commanders of the surviving ships, who saw the execution and death of the squadron during the day, had the right to dispose of the ships entrusted to them in accordance not only with the charter and honor, but also with common sense. And each case must be considered separately and objectively, given not rumors and gossip, but a thorough analysis of actions. This is the only way to understand the train of thought of participants in those events.
          Judge not lest ye be judged request
        3. 0
          21 June 2018 21: 06
          It’s good to read “Tsushima” of Surf at school. As an adventure novel. When you reread it at a more adult age and have third-party information, you understand how weak and sometimes silly a work is. The thoughts of the ensign, the head of the food warehouse, who are much better versed in tactics, cause a smile. and strategies than three well-deserved admirals.
  7. +10
    3 November 2017 18: 50
    Read to
    It is characteristic that, with all the shortcomings, the cost of a cruiser built in Russia turned out to be almost twice as much as that of its German predecessor (3 rubles against 549 rubles). Given this fact, today's discussions about the possibility of acquiring warships from China are beginning to be seen in a very special light.

    and waved a hand. For reference to the author - the cost of Novik was, according to various sources, from 3,291 million rubles to 3,391 million rubles.
    It’s just necessary to take into account that the cost of the cruiser built at other shipyards did not include domestic components (what should we pay for if we supply them ourselves?), Respectively, the cost of many ships is indicated without weapons, etc.
    If the author does not know this, why the hell does it take to write about the fleet?
    1. Cat
      +3
      3 November 2017 19: 29
      The remark about the "project price" is completely off topic!
      I could be mistaken, but the cost of artillery weapons reached up to 1/3 of the ship’s design. So the cost without weapons and with weapons are two different things.
      1. +7
        3 November 2017 19: 30
        Quote: Kotischa
        I could be mistaken, but the cost of artillery weapons reached up to the 1 / 3 project of the ship.

        Absolutely right. But not only artillery, but also torpedo too
      2. +2
        4 November 2017 03: 40
        Quote: Kotischa
        I could be mistaken, but the cost of artillery weapons reached up to the 1 / 3 project of the ship.

        This is not true. For example, at Mikas, one-third included not only the cost of weapons, but also armor.
    2. +6
      3 November 2017 19: 53
      Thank you for your amendment. Indeed, the article indicated the incomplete cost of Novik. In the future, I will carefully check the numerical data for several sources.
      However, even the difference that follows from the cost quoted by you is poorly understood given that:
      1. The labor of Russian workers and engineers was significantly cheaper than German.
      2. Serial ships of any project, as a rule, are cheaper than lead ones.

      I hope you find the strength to overcome the article to the end - you may find other flaws, the elimination of which will make it better.
      1. Cat
        +1
        3 November 2017 22: 00
        A classic example of the difference in price and cost is a building in Britain - the Firstborn!
        Actually, the transition from "wood" to "iron" in Russia was worth a lot. On this issue, it’s not bad to read about the construction of a series of "Cruisers" in Arkhangelsk - "Dzhigit", etc.
        It was possible to save the most interesting things when building ships in the USA: Europe, Asia, etc. Even Retvizan cost RI cheaper than the French - Tsesarevich.
      2. +3
        3 November 2017 23: 48
        Quote: Ivanchester
        In the future, I will carefully check the numerical data for several sources.

        Yes In wink There are some respected people at VO who deal with the history of the fleet, so they will find all the flaws, if you write without proper preparation Yes
        Quote: Ivanchester
        1. The labor of Russian workers and engineers was significantly cheaper than German.

        Do not forget about the harsh Russian reality - corruption and kickbacks, which to a large extent can sometimes affect the cost feel
        Quote: Ivanchester
        I hope you find the strength to overcome the article to the end - you may find other flaws, the elimination of which will make it better.

        good
      3. +3
        4 November 2017 00: 42
        I apologize for being too harsh - just the phrase about China killed, stabbed and buried.
        But then .... oh, well, I’d better not read ...
        Therefore, it seems more plausible that Baron Fersen hastened to leave the area intensely shelled by the enemy exclusively for fear of getting into his ship.

        We open circular No. 66 of January 21.01.1905, XNUMX and read
        ... After the restructuring of the marching order in combat (order of January 8, 1905, No. 24)
        cruisers "Pearls" and "Emerald", accompanying the main forces, serve as rehearsal ships and hold on:
        a) when the battleships in the wake formation are located at a distance of 6 cables on the beam opposite the enemy: “Pearls” from “Suvorov”, “Emerald” - from “Oslyabya”.
        b) when the battleships in the front formation - behind the formation in the distance of 6 cables: “Pearls” in the wake “Suvorov” and “Emerald” in the wake “Oslyabya”.

        If translated into Russian - the Emerald is assigned to be a repetitive ship, this is the order of Rozhestvensky. As such, the ship had to “mirror” the signals raised on the flagships so that the entire squadron could see them. The function is non-heroic but important. Well, how would Rozhdestvensky raise a “turn all of a sudden”, for example? The fact that Fersen generally went to save people from Oslyaby is already, generally speaking, a fair amount of liberty and violation of orders. It is clear that we are not abandoning our own, but the performance of a combat mission, generally speaking, should be a priority and above all.
        In general, if you put something on Fersen’s blame, it’s just that he generally went to save people. He should not, had no right. The absence of a repetitive ship in its place at the right time can lead to the loss of the battle (you and I know that the battle was lost in any case, but Ferzen could not know). Therefore, Fersen makes a compromise - throws funds, but does not stop.
        1. 0
          4 November 2017 01: 05
          Andrey, so from your quote it follows that the “Emerald” was to be located near the flagship of the second detachment, that is, EDB "Oslyabya" and rehearse his signals.
          What was the violation of the order, if the flagship was in distress and obviously was not able to give orders?
          Yes, and the explanation of Ferzen himself does not indicate that he followed the order of Rozhestvensky.
          1. +2
            4 November 2017 01: 53
            Quote: Ivanchester
            Andrey, so from your quote it follows that the “Emerald” was to be located near the flagship of the second detachment, that is, EDB "Oslyabya" and rehearse his signals.

            Net :)))) The thing is that the repetitive ship transmits the flagship signals, and the Suvorov remained the flagship at that time (Oslyaby’s death). The essence of the rehearsal ship is for the line to see the signal of the flagship, so the Emerald had to stay at a distance so that it could see the signal of Suvorov itself and that the rest of the ships could see it when the Emerald rehearsed it.
            Quote: Ivanchester
            Yes, and the explanation of Ferzen himself does not indicate that he followed the order of Rozhestvensky.

            Let's read again what you wrote
            However, having approached the place of the death of the battleship, the cruiser commander decided to limit himself to ordering to dump the people in the water, bunks, buoys and one whaleboat without rowers. The report prepared by Baron Ferzen after the battle indicated that he “was forced to give a move and move away from the Oslyabya place of death, so as not to interfere with the battleships of the 3 and 2 units to perform their maneuver.”

            Now let's read what Fersen showed
            Seeing that the Oslyabya was in distress, he turned to him, preparing tugboats; the destroyers Buiny and Bravy and two other destroyers went with us. "Oslyabya" sank earlier than I had time to approach, destroyers picked up people. I threw off bunks, buoys and one whaleboat without rowers. A few moments after stopping at the Oslyabya death site, I noticed that I was interfering with the maneuver of the battleships marching on me; when and how they turned - I don’t know. I saw the battleships of the 3rd detachment head, and behind them 3 armadillos of the 2nd detachment; the first armored detachment, being on the sidelines, defended the Suvorov, in which masts, pipes and all the upper superstructures were shot down and on which there was a strong fire.
            He was forced to make a move and move away from the place of Oslyabya’s death in order not to prevent the battleships of the 3rd and 2nd detachments from performing their maneuver.

            Those. Fersen nevertheless indicates that the cruiser stopped in order to raise people (but again, the stopping time seems to be meager, “a few moments” and was it?), But was forced to leave in order not to interfere with the battleships. Sadly, the situation described by him is impossible (at that moment the ships of the second detachment could not be behind the third one)
            Most likely, the following happened - Ferzen violated the order and went to save people, but he saw something wrong (this is all over the place. You say the proverb “Lies as an eyewitness,” I think you know very well) and he backed down. But it is extremely doubtful that the Japanese shelling could lead him to this decision - well, why should the Japanese shoot at the place of the Oslyaby’s death, were there really no other goals? With all this - if he was a coward, he could not have gone to the aid of Oslyaba at all, nobody would have blamed him (he has his own important task), and when he did come, it is very doubtful that it was hot there at that moment.
            1. +1
              7 November 2017 10: 55
              Andrey, these are the considerations that allow me to insist on my own right :)))
              At the time of the death of the Oslyabya EDB, Suvorov could no longer show any signals (if I am not mistaken, only one signal was shown for the whole battle - “one”), therefore, in fact, there was already nothing to rehearse the Emerald. In addition, the column of our battleships was headed not by Suvorov, but by Alexander. In fact, he was already the flagship of the squadron. Even if they could miraculously transmit signals to the Emerald from the Suvorov, and he would repeat them, this would undoubtedly lead to incredible confusion in the formation of the Russian ships.
              Actually, having left the place of Oslyabya’s death, V.N. Fersen sent his cruiser not to Suvorov, so his departure is unlikely to be related to the execution of the order that you quoted.
              At the same time, it is noteworthy that, in accordance with Order No.159 of March 14 of 1905 of the year, "if one of the ships of the armored detachments is in distress, the Svetlana cruiser is immediately sent to help him, but if he is not there, then the next in order of numbers is the cruiser of the reconnaissance detachment, a light cruiser consisting of a detachment of armadillos (" Pearls "or" Emerald "), .... Obviously, the Emerald was the closest to the place of Oslyabya’s death and, naturally, it was his duty to help the drowning.

              Regarding your doubts that
              it was hot there
              I will quote several participants in the events that were both on the Oslyabya EDB and on the destroyers picking up its crew.

              “Around 3 hours in the afternoon, the battleship Oslyabya sank. The destroyers approached the place of death of the battleship Oslyabya and the destroyer was launched from the destroyer Buyniy. The enemy opened fire on destroyers” (Colonel Osipov, Oslyabya).

              “The destroyer“ Bravy ”came to our aid, which rescued under the fierce fire of the enemy: quickened shells fell and killed people on the water. After the people were picked up, one 120 mm shell hit the destroyer“ Brave ”, exploded, killed 8 man of the team and put two boilers out of action. " (Conductor Zavarin, Oslyabya).

              "Soon, a detachment of Japanese light cruisers approached and opened fire on the crowded destroyers, busy rescuing the Oslyaby team." (Lieutenant Danilenko, "Wild").

              "Being among the mass of debris, floating minefields and enemy fire concentrated on this place, I went to the whaleboat, which I couldn’t squeeze out due to the big wave and, since the drowning men grabbed the pins and oars, I took the rescued ..." ( Lieutenant Durnovo, "Brave").
      4. +2
        4 November 2017 00: 50
        Quote: Ivanchester
        However, even the difference that follows from the cost quoted by you is poorly understood given that:
        1. The labor of Russian workers and engineers was significantly cheaper than German.

        A simple example - the Germans built their ships on the project. Designed - built. The Russian practice of building warships - they drew up a project, started building, discovered 100500 rationalization proposals, began to implement, remodeling the ship directly on the slipway .... Our desire to do the best, first of all, created a long-term construction, and secondly, of course, the construction cost increased because endless alterations are expensive.
        Of course, price issues are much wider than I have indicated, but this is one of the most important aspects
        1. 0
          4 November 2017 01: 08
          So I actually only say that the ship built in Russia with worse quality and lower performance characteristics was also more expensive than the German counterpart Yes
          1. +2
            4 November 2017 02: 01
            Quote: Ivanchester
            So I actually only say that the ship built in Russia with worse quality and lower performance characteristics was also more expensive than the German counterpart

            This is not entirely true, but if you think about it, it is not at all :))) “Pebbles” were a good work on the mistakes of “Novik”. Reinforced weapons, hardened hull, etc. By the way, the “pearl" received EMNIP 17 hits in Tsushima and did not limp - compare this with Novik's injuries ...
            But in any case, Germany was already far superior to us in industrial power, and it is hard to expect that our quality would be comparable
            1. +1
              4 November 2017 13: 01
              Do not forget that in Germany there was a metric system, and we have an inch.
              Even the thicknesses of sheet steel are different. Actual redesign, with weighting.
              Naturally, the performance characteristics are lower.
      5. 0
        4 November 2017 03: 49
        Quote: Ivanchester
        The labor of Russian workers and engineers was significantly cheaper than German.

        This is so, but the quality of work is worse and labor productivity is lower. This resulted in additional costs inconceivable for the same Kramp.
    3. +1
      5 November 2017 12: 30
      Quote: Andrey from Chelyabinsk
      cost of "Novik"

      On August 5, 1898, the head of the State Institution of Civil Aviation, Vice-Admiral V. P. Verkhovsky and the representative of Schichau in Russia, R. A. Tsise, signed a contract for the construction of the cruiser Novik. The cruiser was to be built within 2 years. The contract specified in detail the characteristics of the ship. Fines were also established for mismatch of the vehicle performance characteristics upon completion of construction. So, at a speed of less than 23 knots, a draft of more than 15 cm, the Ministry of the Sea had the right to abandon the ship and receive money back.
      The cost of the cruiser was: hull - 913 rubles, mechanisms and boilers - 500 rubles, armor - 1 rubles, general equipment - 702 rubles, artillery - 459 rubles, mine weapons and electrical equipment - 190 rubles, artillery supply - 578 89 rubles, mine supply - 789 194 rubles. The total cost of the ship was 808 rubles. The slipway was in Danzig, the mechanisms were made in Elbing.
      Not the highest cost for the fastest cruiser. The truth was not even bought back like the rest. And so it ended under the Japanese flag.

  8. +3
    3 November 2017 22: 03
    the captain saved the honor, the command, and the ship from being captured by the enemy, and discussing his mistakes after 100 years is easy, especially sitting on the couch
  9. 0
    3 November 2017 22: 34
    Here I am interested in the opinion of the Japanese about the Russian-Japanese war about the Russians as opponents were curious to read ... is there any kind of translated literature
    1. +3
      4 November 2017 01: 06
      Concerning the translated literature, the question is complex. But one book is exactly in the Russian translation. Moreover - it is on the network. This is one of the two main official sources of information about the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905, "Description of military operations at sea in the years 37-38. Meiji," published by the Naval General Staff (MGS) of Japan in four volumes. There is another fundamental source -
      this is the “Top Secret History of the Russo-Japanese War at Sea in 37–38 Meiji,” compiled and published by the Moscow State School of Law in 1911 in 150 volumes. But it was published in only 300 copies. Currently, one has survived.
      Regarding the opinion of the Japanese about the Russians. as opponents, I would give two examples.
      The first is the statements of the Japanese military.
      When Private Vasily Ryabov was detained by the Japanese during an intelligence outing, he withstood the interrogation and did not give out military secrets. Before the execution, he behaved with dignity.
      The Japanese were so delighted with the courage of the Russian private that they sent a note to our command. “Our army cannot but express our sincere wishes of the respected army, so that the latter will bring up more of such truly beautiful, worthy of full respect for soldiers”
      The statement of the participant of the assault on Port Arthur, Lieutenant Tadeuchi Sakurai is known.
      "... Despite all our bitterness against the Russians, we still recognize their courage and courage, and their stubborn defense for 58 hours deserves deep respect and praise ...
      Among those killed in the trenches we found one Russian soldier with a bandaged head: obviously already wounded in the head, after the bandaging, he again joined the ranks of his comrades and continued to fight until a new bullet put him to death ... "
      The second is the burial of Russian soldiers in Japan. In total, 1977 Russians were buried in the Land of the Rising Sun, of which 877 were nameless.
      There is a book “VG Guzanov And bow to the ashes of loved ones. Russian Military cemeteries in Japan. Historical Chronicle. - M.: Japan Today Publishing House, 2000,” you can read it in it.
      I will give just one example. There is such a city - Matsuyama. During the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905, there was a camp for Russian prisoners in Matsuyama, which contained about 6 thousand people. For a city in which there were then 30 people a lot. The sailors who were in the camp were from those very famous Portarturian ships: the Varyag, the Sentinel, the Sentinel, and Yekaterinoslav.
      98 Russian soldiers and officers died in captivity and are buried in a cemetery in this city. The peculiarity of this place is that it is the only cemetery in Japan where only Russian soldiers rest. In other cities, they are buried Russian along with other foreigners.

      The cemetery is located near Matsuyama University. Permanent care Officially, it is under the tutelage of the Nursing Society, the Association of Women and the Student Council of the Katsuyama School and is a symbol of Russian-Japanese friendship. On any day of any season, the cemetery has clean and always fresh flowers in front of each grave.
      Schoolchildren constantly and regularly look after the cemetery. Each month, gravestones are cleaned and washed, tracks are swept, flowers are planted, and the inscriptions on the tablets are updated. Every March, at the end of the school year, when the children go to high school, they pass on their honorary responsibilities to the next generation.
      According to the old Matsuyama, the war of 1904-1905 was a war of knights and the Russians were real knights of the spirit. Therefore, the Japanese respect their graves and, accordingly, the souls who have remained here forever.
      Such is the opinion of the Japanese about the war.
      1. +1
        5 November 2017 12: 37
        Quote: Curious
        the most famous Portarturov ships: "Varyag"

        As far as I remember, the Varangian sailors were interned at inpatients in the USA, the World War II, Italy and France. Maybe I don’t know why and some were captured?
        Quote: Curious
        According to the old Matsuyama, the war of 1904-1905 was a war of knights and the Russians were real knights of the spirit

        in general, they always respect the soldiers (well, except perhaps the Chinese), and they have a special account for the REV. II won the war with a stubborn and strong opponent.
        Indeed, the 2 sieges of Port Arthur under the Chinese and the Russians are completely different in spirit.
        1. +2
          5 November 2017 14: 03
          The crew of the Varyag cruiser and the Korean gunboat, damaged by Japanese warships at sea at Chemulpo on February 9, were rescued by the warships of England and France.

          Twenty-four wounded from the Varyag cruiser, rescued by a French ship, were taken to a special hospital of the Japanese Red Cross Society in Chemulpo. Since these people were assisted by a third state and they were transferred to the Japanese Red Cross, they were not considered prisoners. It was decided to treat them as soldiers who were injured in battle. Soon, two seriously wounded died, and the remaining twenty-two people on March 8, it was decided to send to Japan, to Matsuyama, on the ship of the Japanese Red Cross Society "Hakuai-maru."
          In more detail - http://www.diary.ru/~Samuray-08/p105204893.htm?oa
          m.
          1. +1
            5 November 2017 19: 47
            Quote: Curious
            Twenty-four wounded from the Varyag cruiser, rescued by a French ship, were taken to a special hospital of the Japanese Red Cross Society in Chemulpo.

            And I was sure that the Seine took not wounded. Interesting. Thanks for the info.
    2. +2
      4 November 2017 07: 59
      Quote: rumpeljschtizhen
      Here I am interested in the opinion of the Japanese about the Russian-Japanese war about the Russians as opponents were curious to read ... is there any kind of translated literature


      "Naval battles of the Russo-Japanese War" of 1907, this book in English did not meet with a translation. But if you want, you can translate. True, the views of the Japanese differ from those published in Russia.
      1. +2
        4 November 2017 11: 10
        It’s easier to translate from English. That would translate from Japanese about Tsushima “Kono Issen” Mizuno Hironori or “Nihonkai Kaisen-no Shinjitsu” (Truth about the Tsushima Battle) Nomura Makoto. Although, in theory, they should also be in English.
        1. 0
          5 November 2017 19: 25
          There are in English. But you would hardly want to translate them.
          There is a lot of unflattering about the Russian military.
          1. 0
            5 November 2017 19: 35
            A person is interested in the opinion of the Japanese. I named the source.
  10. +15
    3 November 2017 22: 49
    Beautiful cruiser
    And the sailors showed themselves wonderful
    Fine
    1. +2
      3 November 2017 23: 55
      Quote: Some kind of Compote
      Beautiful cruiser

      An excellent cruiser was the Novik. The Russian version of the German project raises a number of controversial issues. Morality - Why Improve the Perfect what request
      1. +2
        4 November 2017 00: 44
        Quote: Rurikovich
        Morality - Why Improve the Perfect

        So Novik is not perfect at all :))) "Car cover" :))) Nevertheless, too much speed was sacrificed on it
        1. +1
          4 November 2017 06: 48
          Quote: Andrey from Chelyabinsk
          So Novik is not perfect at all :))) "Car cover" :))) Nevertheless, too much speed was sacrificed on it

          It would be worth looking at it more objectively based on the tasks that were implied for cruisers of the 2nd rank "Program for the needs of the Far East", and they (in those views) amounted to:
          close reconnaissance at squadron
          protection of battleships from attacks of enemy destroyers
          support for attacks of their destroyers;
          Based on this, speed was a priority. request
          Another thing is that when the Naval Ministry shuffled from side to side in their views, ships for one task could differ significantly from each other Yes
          At Novik, speed was the predominant factor during construction, which is understandable for its tasks. So it was precisely for reconnaissance and operations with destroyers (which was required of him) that the Novik was a perfect ship Yes
          Greetings, Andrei Nikolaevich smile hi
        2. 0
          6 November 2017 00: 04
          Explain. It seems that the only thing the cruiser could do in a battle involving armadillos was to drive away the destroyers of the enemy from their armadillos. Did the cruisers do this?
  11. +2
    4 November 2017 02: 50
    The article is good, it is immediately clear that the author tried. However, it would be logical to provide information about the received hits and the consumption of shells during the Tsushima battle. As is known, the cruiser did not take part in repelling torpedo attacks, just as he did not fire at the enemy and 15 on May 1905. But on May 14 the Emerald fired about 200 main caliber shells, and the 47 mm guns did not take part in the battle.
  12. +1
    4 November 2017 04: 57
    On Sunday I'll post a Japanese photo of the remains of the Emerald. The quality is worse than ours, but another angle is not so well known.
  13. +2
    4 November 2017 12: 06
    Quote: Kotischa
    1. With a successful outcome in Aladik there would be 3 light cruisers: Bogatyr, Emerald and Diamond. indelible to the weakness of armaments at Diamond - it’s already, something was worth it!
    2. Cool not cool Emerald lost stupid.
    3. Believe you do not believe, and the death of the series coils mystical feelings. All: Novik, Emerald and Pearl died in the Far East!

    Almost everything is right. However, the "Novik" in 1906 was raised by the Japanese and until 1913 served under the Japanese flag.
    1. +1
      5 November 2017 13: 10
      Quote: VohaAhov
      Almost everything is true

      not all

      in this beautiful bay today, the so-called “Slaughterhouse in Penang Bay:” where the “Emden” drowned the “Pearl” with 2 torpedoes. The “Emden” entered the Penang Bay in the early morning of October 28 (old style - the 15th) 1914 of the year. So the old man Zhemchug did not leave the evil rock of the RJV despite his salvation in Manila.
  14. +2
    5 November 2017 04: 14
    Judging by the photographs and the captions for one of them, the Japanese fired on the Emerald (increase by "click"),


    and also landed on it.

    Some photos from the "History of the Russo-Japanese War"


  15. +2
    5 November 2017 04: 52
    In the previous comments, the photos are not enlarged, I post them again just in case.





    1. 0
      5 November 2017 08: 30
      Also does not increase what But for the photo hi
      1. 0
        5 November 2017 16: 19
        Quote: Rurikovich
        Also does not increase

        Inexplicably.
  16. 0
    5 November 2017 13: 22
    The workmanship of both the cruiser hull and its various systems was also not up to par.

    Well, with Novik it wasn’t smooth either, there were vibrations of damage to the screw, 24 knot speed led to breakdowns. So far, the Germans themselves have not podshamanil and corrected. True, they passed it as the fastest cruiser. Thus, the Republic of Ingushetia had a fast cruiser and the fastest destroyer in the composition of the nuclear warhead.
    Maybe the Nevsky Plant did not correct the discovered flaws since the Germans? I read that initially the Nevsky Plant itself proposed a project for the competition (where the Germans won -Novik) together with English suppliers. There were various projects, including Krupp, Italian, Danish ...
    Just for some reason, it recalled a phrase from the book Port Arthur - where Makarov climbed a destroyer collected in the port--
    Expensive and bad, ”he summed up his impressions, recognizing the cost of the destroyer. - Our admiralty is true to itself - it steals more than it builds.
  17. 0
    5 November 2017 13: 56
    A war in which all defeats were forgiven, and even awarded for them. "They tried."
  18. +1
    5 November 2017 14: 54
    Eternal memory to the sailors "Emerald" !!! ...
  19. 0
    9 November 2017 09: 34
    After the news of the fall of Port Arthur, the squadron had to turn the shafts. That would be the only right decision.
    1. 0
      9 November 2017 19: 05
      That would be considered cowardice. If old ships were sent home and went faster to Vladik, there might be a chance that a third of the detachment would have reached.
  20. +1
    7 August 2018 02: 19
    Quote: Antares

    Unless Aurora ... but she has a destiny ..


    It would be better if they paid off the Morning Star. Although ... there would be something else in the seventeenth. Alas... request
  21. +2
    7 August 2018 02: 20
    Quote: EvilLion
    A war in which all defeats were forgiven, and even awarded for them. "They tried."


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