The cause of damage to the Crimean gas pipeline could be sabotage

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The National Anti-Terrorism Committee of the Russian Federation reported that the gas pipeline through which the “blue fuel” runs through the territory of the Crimean peninsula, was probably damaged due to sabotage. It is noted that damage is also being investigated, including on the nature of the impact with the help of "weapon impact".

From the message of the NAC:
Yesterday, around 20.00, at a gas distribution station located near the village of Vinogradnoye, the urban district of Alushta, the Republic of Crimea, gas pressure was reduced. At the same time, the power supply was cut off due to the fall of the power transmission tower. When inspecting the scene of the incident, experts found external damage to the gas line.




At the moment, several Crimean settlements in the south of the peninsula are deprived of gas supply. This is the Grape, as well as the Cliff and the Small Lighthouse. In total, about 1,5 thousand people remain without gas supply.

In Crimea, noted that the restoration of gas supply will begin with the onset of daylight.

The cause of damage to the Crimean gas pipeline could be sabotage


In the local press there was a photo of the damage to the pipeline. In the photo you can see a hole of small diameter. It is noted that the hole is through.
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  1. The comment was deleted.
    1. +12
      1 November 2017 06: 09
      An abundance of Libers in power excludes the option you proposed, alas! !!
    2. +21
      1 November 2017 06: 15
      Quote: Mih1974
      It's time to officially declare dill

      No official announcements are needed ... To counteract in the same vein - they quietly caught without witnesses strangled and buried without a knoll, and in the official message to say: - The damage (s) managed to disappear in an unknown direction. Trained heroes will quickly transfer, and there will be no more new ones ...
      1. +11
        1 November 2017 07: 05
        Then the ukrohuntiks will run to the UN to whine about human rights in Crimea, and demand freedom to the hackers who were detained "for nothing" ..... in general, it’s time to adopt the best practices of Israel .... if they commit sabotage, that’s terrorists. to inflict preemptive strikes on these terrorist structures in Ukraine. And let the whole "democratic world" whine further.
        1. +9
          1 November 2017 07: 19
          Quote: Comrade SCHUKHER
          To counteract in the same vein - quietly without witnesses caught strangled and dug without a knoll

          Need loud !!!
          I understand the Rurikovich who put on the count. Putting on the stake artist and accomplices and demonstrating such a reaction to the whole world (the benefit of social networks allow) we will beat off the hunt for those who want to spoil the Russians.
          Let them continue to shout that we are barbarians. But what really is barbarism - to put a real scumbag on a stake or to level a city with the earth with all the inhabitants (Dresden, Hiroshima. Nagasaki and others)?
          How many Natsiks decide to take up terror in Russia if they know that they will not be sent to prison with possible pardon or exchange, will not be beaten, but will be put in public in public? With which terrorist dreams to end his life like this?
          1. +1
            1 November 2017 08: 16
            You can do without a stake, in Israel destroy the organizers and performers.
            1. +1
              1 November 2017 12: 13
              Quote: IvanIvanov
              You can do without a stake, in Israeli destroy organizers

              belay What is it, Poroshenko with Avakov and the company to destroy? ... laughing
        2. +7
          1 November 2017 07: 59
          Quote: Black
          Then ukrohuntiki run to the UN to whine about human rights in the Crimea, and demand freedom to the hackers, who were detained "for nothing"

          already sent material for use in the outhouse
      2. 0
        1 November 2017 07: 08
        A very true idea: to find those who were involved in the maintenance of local gas networks and to dig in without a knoll. Locals will support. Well, if the MTR, the GRU, the FSB, with the support of the VKS and the fleet with the Caliber, get to the nest of terrorists (FSWs are called these nonhumans), then 100% of the population’s support is provided.
      3. +1
        1 November 2017 14: 08
        I agree with you completely. Problems after will be less.
        Quote: Comrade Schucher
        Quote: Mih1974
        It's time to officially declare dill

        No official announcements are needed ... To counteract in the same vein - they quietly caught without witnesses strangled and buried without a knoll, and in the official message to say: - The damage (s) managed to disappear in an unknown direction. Trained heroes will quickly transfer, and there will be no more new ones ...
    3. +2
      1 November 2017 07: 19
      They didn’t explain to you in childhood that the word “Jew” is offensive and can be gotten in the face for it?
    4. +2
      1 November 2017 07: 23
      They didn’t explain to you in your childhood that the word "zh_i_d" is offensive and can you get it in a decent society in physics?
      1. +2
        1 November 2017 08: 29
        The word "zh.i.d" is completely normal, with no signs of insult in most Slavic languages. I see that they didn’t explain this to you even in adulthood! ((
      2. +6
        1 November 2017 09: 19

        Well, what should they be called?
        1. +7
          1 November 2017 09: 45
          Quote: sabakina
          Well, what should they be called?

          persons with whose homeland is israel
    5. +10
      1 November 2017 07: 58
      Quote: Mih1974
      It's time to officially declare dill - a terrorist state

    6. +2
      1 November 2017 07: 58
      Quote: Mih1974
      It is high time to officially declare dill - a terrorist state and begin the "fight against terrorism" as the Jews do, with the bombing of training centers, the Gestapo, etc.

      This is understandable, but in this case it is necessary to understand. There is quite a strong pressure in the pipe in order to drill holes at the same speed from both sides at the same time and not to explode at the same time. Punch a bullet? This is what kind of trunk do you need to have to sag through the pipe? The photo shows that the area burst in the area of ​​the weld joint, incl. it may well be a marriage in the production of welding and just fatigue of the metal. They (dill), while Crimea was with them, thought more about money than about maintaining the GTS, and these were the first bells and whistles. Soon they will start to crumble everywhere throughout urkain.
    7. +2
      1 November 2017 08: 26
      While in power in Russia, bleating about brothers and partners, liberals, nothing will happen. Unfortunately, modern Russia is far from the Jews, who are not embarrassed in measures to combat their enemies.
      1. 0
        1 November 2017 09: 13
        Sir, and who is behind them and pushing them? And whom can we see next to us, except for the army and navy? CSTO or Luka with Nazarbay? That's it ... (((
  2. +1
    1 November 2017 06: 01
    It’s good that there was no fire.
  3. 0
    1 November 2017 06: 08
    And who will bear responsibility for such a martyrdom? ??
    1. +10
      1 November 2017 06: 12
      And what do you say, every 100 meters of policemen along the gas pipeline to put that ratodrive zeyev?
      1. +3
        1 November 2017 06: 34
        Quote: Smog
        And what do you say, every 100 meters of policemen along the gas pipeline to put that would drive the town hall?

        I would start with a flaw detection of this area, perhaps in the near future we can expect the same "sabotage".
        1. +11
          1 November 2017 06: 42
          Quote: insular
          I would start with a flaw detection of this area,

          Yes Yes. Rusted gas pipeline then. True through hole. The pipe was probably laid with a through defect.
          Quote: insular
          what a saboteur loner

          Well, why just a saboteur. That in Crimea there are no people who "love" the Russian Federation with quiet fierce hatred? Do you think that they all rushed to the river of Nenka?
          1. +1
            1 November 2017 06: 53
            Quote: Smog
            True through hole

            About the through - this is still a grandma in two ... In addition, in the photo this is the upper generatrix of the pipe, with the edges turned outward, i.e. logically, the lower input. Who will shoot, almost vertically upward, being under the pipe, a maximum of a meter under it?!?
            The pipe is on low supports, was it easier or a shot from the side from a distance, no?
            A small section pipe (89-100 mm?), A small town, for 1,5 thousand people (not houses, but people).
            Is it necessary for the sake of so many gestures and risk?
            1. +6
              1 November 2017 07: 00
              Quote: insular
              About through - this is still a grandmother in two.

              Sorry, but I read what I saw in the news.
              A photo of the damage to the gas pipeline appeared in the local press. In the photo you can see a hole of small diameter. It is noted that the hole is through.

              If the grandmother told you something else ...., and even in two, then who is this grandmother ???
              1. 0
                1 November 2017 07: 01
                Let it be cross-cutting, but what about the other arguments? You didn’t notice them tactfully, but they are just about cross-cutting.?

                If scanty damage is your only argument, then from the picture it is impossible to understand whether there was a misalignment of the pipes being welded, in which the opposite seams are equally thin. I've already seen enough of such damage in my life.

                At break, just through fistulas can form
                1. +6
                  1 November 2017 07: 18
                  Quote: insular
                  At break, just through fistulas can form

                  Well, then this is the movement of lithospheric plates in a single section of the low pressure gas pipeline ... And right at the weld ... laughing This justifies your theory about pipe alignment. The lithosphere plates moved one relative to the other, and that ..., they broke alignment.
                  1. +4
                    1 November 2017 07: 27
                    What are you carrying? You yourself read this nonsense?
                    Let's be more constructive somehow.
                    With a pressure jump, a gust occurs just in the thinnest place (corrosion, joint defects). It’s quite real and that’s how it happens.

                    But weapons damage almost vertically upward under the pipe, a maximum of a meter below it, is not realistic and is more like an attempted suicide.
                    An attempt to sabotage an insignificant small-town gas pipeline further suggests that this is from the area of ​​delirium.
                    And breaking through, pipes of small cross section is shooting perpendicularly into it.

                    And about your communication style - do you have a hysteria? wassat
                    1. +6
                      1 November 2017 07: 37
                      Quote: insular
                      shtetl gas pipeline

                      Antirez classification of gas pipelines. Yes ..... Normative document you will not name. Well, there SNiP or something else.
                      And why did the pressure jump occur in gas distribution networks and to what parameters? From low to high.?
                      1. +2
                        1 November 2017 07: 41
                        What about the arguments to the post above?

                        He called me "Mestrechkov" because of its significance, and not by classification. Its significance is the supply of gas to 1,5 people.

                        Quote: Smog
                        And why did the pressure jump occur in gas distribution networks and to what parameters? From low to high.?

                        And why do fistulas form on such networks?
          2. 0
            1 November 2017 07: 04
            Very pr is enough! And also those that re-swear to anyone, and then quietly wail, only so that they don’t give the lane ...
        2. +3
          1 November 2017 07: 28
          Damage to the transmission line support along with damage to the gas pipeline can be an accident, of course. But with a low probability of random coincidence in time and space
          1. 0
            1 November 2017 08: 14
            Explosion in Alushta - possibly due to overwhelming wires at Krymenergo substation on Oktyabrskaya street.
            (C) Alushta24.ru
            In Alushta, between the Oktyabrskaya street and the monument to the Crimean partisans, there is an electric support of 110 square meters.
            (C) Alushta24.ru
            At the Small Mayak gas distribution station, a through hole was found in the gas pipeline in one direction from the bottom up.
            The causes of the hole are being investigated.
            Alushta24.ru
            And all the same, from the bottom to the top ... And yet the incidents are not near.
    2. +5
      1 November 2017 08: 02
      Quote: Herkulesich
      And who will bear responsibility for such a martyrdom? ??

      which one? on the gas pipeline every 100 m. on a power line near each sentry support?
  4. +4
    1 November 2017 06: 14
    In the local press there was a photo of the damage to the pipeline. In the photo you can see a hole of small diameter. It is noted that the hole is through.

    In the picture I see some damage, in the area of ​​the joint, the edges are turned outward, there is a fracture elongation along the pipe, characteristic of fistulas, abutting one side of the welded joint.
    It is impossible to unambiguously identify the external influence from this picture.
    I'd love to look at the "through" hole, i.e. on the back (bottom side).

    For that, the pipe is clearly not very fond of caring ... How many paint? 2-3 years? Or more?
    1. +2
      1 November 2017 12: 32
      Do not pay attention, here everything is "very", "very" suspicious .. If the news concerns the Crimea. Oh, just now .. FSB, closed the border of Crimea with urka, due to 2 explosions on the gas pipeline.
  5. +2
    1 November 2017 06: 19
    This Ukrainian and settled there (in Ukraine) Crimean Tatar riffraff with a nationalist bias will make every effort to cause harm to the inhabitants of Crimea. This will continue until Ukraine gets rid of this naz fascist regime and those on whom this regime relies and on the peninsula there are those who support this regime. And this is a long period.
    1. +1
      1 November 2017 07: 02
      It is necessary, by analogy, to collect bio material from banderlogs and examine it, maybe they can prescribe pills.
    2. 0
      1 November 2017 08: 14
      But do not you think that dill diseases are highly contagious? They are in a hurry to declare sabotage every fire that occurred due to negligence, and interception of broadcasting radio programs, the absence of working equipment on the tower (due to elementary theft)!
      By the way, the fact that the version of the attack is the first to be worried is also alarming. And is it on the weld of a clearly rusty pipe, which was lazy to paint? Can look, whether the support of the high voltage line fell on this pipe? what
  6. +5
    1 November 2017 07: 51
    insular,
    You at least read the news feed. Yes, I apologize, the gas pipeline is not low but medium pressure. And about: I called, you know ... this is also that "argument." from your side Persist further. soldier
    1. 0
      1 November 2017 07: 55
      Quote: Smog
      I called, you know ... this is also that "argument."

      You have not answered more than one question. They found fault with the word that characterizes not the gas pipeline, but its significance, and now this is your main argument. Well. So be it.
      1. +4
        1 November 2017 08: 02
        Quote: insular
        You did not answer the same question.

        And why should I answer this? You also did not name that grandmother who told you something? Quits. And further-
        On October 31, at about 20 p.m. Moscow time, pipe damage was recorded at a gas distribution station near Alushta in the Crimea, at the same time, due to a drop in the support of the power line, the power supply stopped.

        National Anti-Terrorism Committee (NAC) of the Russian Federation considers version of intentional undermining. According to them, when inspecting the scene external damage to the gas pipeline was detected.

        Is the fistula in the pipe an external damage?
        1. 0
          1 November 2017 08: 05
          Quote: Smog
          And why should I answer this? You also did not name that grandmother who told you something?

          Mean laughing
          Quote: Smog
          Is the fistula in the pipe an external damage?

          You look at the photo and look at the version - considers version of intentional undermining. Doesn’t it bother you? Is that just a little?
          1. +4
            1 November 2017 08: 07
            You know ... sucks in a field without a gun ... Persist on.
            1. 0
              1 November 2017 08: 07
              You kind of took off laughing
      2. +4
        1 November 2017 08: 04
        Quote: insular
        characterizes not a gas pipeline, but its significance.

        Oh, at first I didn’t notice. This phrase of yours made me a day! good Huge Merci for positive in the morning. soldier For sim, I bow.
        1. 0
          1 November 2017 08: 11
          Quote: insular
          Attempted diversion on an insignificant small-town gas pipeline

          Rye further and most importantly trust the reporters.
          1. +4
            1 November 2017 08: 30
            Quote: insular
            Rye on

            Well, rudeness has already gone on your part. A very good argument.
            Quote: insular
            trust the reporters.
            And who to believe? You? Are you the ultimate truth? Ohhhhhh.
            In fairness, note version voiced by the National Anti-Terrorism Committee. And there the guys are kind of serious. So better I listen to their version. Well, something like this.
            1. 0
              1 November 2017 08: 45
              Quote: Smog
              Well, rudeness has already gone on your part

              Rudeness is your way of communicating. Very reasoned.
              Quote: Smog
              note the version voiced

              Versions are worked out and excluded.
              On the official website of the NAC, there are no comments. Where and what the journalists have misinterpreted (the same “grandma for two”) is not clear.
              You arrange a tantrum according to unverified data, I judge by photo fact. NAC has not officially confirmed the fact of sabotage. Officially, the man-made nature of the damage was also not ruled out by anyone.
              Quote: Smog
              Are you the ultimate truth?
              This is nothing more than your verbiage, I have not claimed anything like that anywhere. Just a version based on external damage data.
              1. +4
                1 November 2017 09: 09
                Quote: insular
                this is your way of communicating.

                I never stuck with you. So you are rude. Is this your way of arguing?
                Quote: insular
                Versions are worked out and excluded.

                But it exists .... And it has not yet been expelled. The same NAC. Therefore, it does not comment.
                Quote: insular
                You have a tantrum

                In which place? You hysteria.
                Quote: insular
                I judge by photo fact

                What can be judged by this photo? I do not know? It seems to me that nothing can be judged by it.
                Quote: insular
                Officially, the man-made nature of the damage was also not ruled out by anyone.

                But not voiced.
                Quote: insular
                Where and what did the journalists interpret?

                I looked through the entire news feed, where and what did the journalists interpret? Have not found. There is a statement of fact and voiced version of the NAC.
                Quote: insular
                Are you the ultimate truth?
                This is nothing more than your verbiage, I have not claimed anything like that anywhere.

                But you completely dismiss other versions. The same diversion. Well, something like this.
                1. 0
                  1 November 2017 09: 22
                  Quote: Smog
                  I never stuck with you. So you are rude. Is this your way of arguing?

                  “You” is not havoc. And after your phrase, “Why on earth should I answer that?” I do not intend to write in a respectful way. And who would talk about the manner of the dispute. Know a place like you and to you.
                  Quote: Smog
                  But it exists .... And it has not yet been expelled. The same NAC. Therefore, does not comment.
                  You wrote something about "In fairness version, mind you, version voiced by the National Anti-Terrorism Committee "There are no contradictions? So there are comments or not? And from whom? Voiced or not excluded?
                  Quote: Smog
                  What can be judged by this photo? I do not know? It seems to me that nothing can be judged by it.

                  From the photo, it is clear that the damage is at least not explosive, and from the photo, it is impossible to clearly declare sabotage, I wrote about this above.
                  Quote: Smog
                  But not voiced.
                  But he didn’t exclude it. And what did you say at all?
                  There is a media report: "At the same time all possible versionsIn including committing sabotage ”, IA REGNUM.
                  As if this is one of the versions that have not yet been ruled out. Again, not the fact that NAC.
                  Quote: Smog
                  I looked through the entire news feed, where and what did the journalists interpret?
                  What? Well, for example, a gas pipeline blastwhether"," gas pipeline blastlsya", the gas pipeline is damaged," "weapon damage," "because of turning off the light, it was decided to lower the pressure" and so on. Few? For me, such contradictions are enough. I’m not at all sure that the photo refers to this gas pipeline.
                  Quote: Smog
                  But you completely dismiss other versions. The same diversion. Well, something like this
                  Truth? but I didn’t know ... Well, you better know that I am unequivocal and what is not.
                  Quote: insular
                  Uniquely identify the external impact, impossible from this picture.

                  And my other, allegedly, “statements” were generally issues laughing
                  Quote: insular
                  About the through - this is still a grandma in two ... In addition, in the photo this is the upper generatrix of the pipe, with the edges turned outward, i.e. logically, the lower input.
                  Who will shoot, almost vertically upward, being under the pipe, a maximum of a meter under it?!?
                  The pipe is on low supports, was it easier to shoot from the side from a distance, no? A small section pipe (89-100 mm?), A small town, for 1,5 people (not houses, but people).
                  Is it necessary for the sake of so many gestures and risk?
                  1. +4
                    1 November 2017 09: 35
                    Quote: insular
                    Pipe on low supports,

                    Where is this from? And how much is low?
                    Well, about You, it’s on your conscience. Although the Brudershaft did not seem to be drunk.
                    1. 0
                      1 November 2017 09: 54
                      Quote: Smog
                      Where is this from? And how much is low?

                      Did you look at the photo? The height is unlikely to exceed 1,5 meters. And even if it exceeds, how to break through labor, standing directly under it?
                      Quote: Smog
                      Well, about You, it’s on your conscience. Although the Brudershaft did not seem to be drunk.

                      I do not drink with those who meanly communicate.
                      Meanness - dishonesty, baseness. A sharply negative moral characteristic of human behavior, contemptuous
                      Just characterized by the phrase,
                      Quote: Smog
                      And why should I answer this? You also did not name that grandmother who told you something? Quits. And further-
                      1. +4
                        1 November 2017 10: 14
                        The cause of the accident at the medium-pressure gas pipeline near Alushta in Crimea could be deliberate undermining, said Sergey Tarasov, head of the Krymgazseti service company, RIA Novosti reports.

                        “The nature of the damage to the gas pipeline indicates an external impact, perhaps it was an explosion,” he said.


                        He noted that the damage affected the medium-pressure pipe with a diameter of 219 mm, and not a gas distribution point.
                        SIMFEROPOL, Nov 1 - RIA Novosti, Maxim Groznov. The head of the Krymgazseti service company, Sergei Tarasov, did not rule out the possibility of undermining a medium-pressure gas pipeline near Alushta in the Crimea, this is evidenced by the nature of the damage to the gas line.
                        Earlier on Wednesday, the National Anti-Terrorism Committee reported that the medium-pressure gas pipeline line in the Alushta region was damaged in the Crimea, a version of the blast is being worked out.

                        "The nature of the damage to the gas pipeline indicates an external impact, perhaps it was an explosion," Tarasov told RIA Novosti, which is located at the scene of the accident.

                        According to the head of the company, a medium-pressure pipe with a diameter of 219 millimeters was damaged, and not a gas distribution point. [quote] [/ quote]
                        So look at the photo further. Or call Tarasov, who is there. At the scene of the accident.
                        And further. If a dog starts barking at me on the street, this does not mean that I will get on all fours and will bark in response. soldier
  7. 0
    1 November 2017 08: 03
    How many more kicks are needed to understand that our languid reaction and ingratiating smile causes one desire - to kick again. How many diversions, how many diplomatic, economic kicks, where is the answer? There is a sitting with the look of a wise kaa, the opening of another monument to victims, repressions, 35 patient explanation to “human rights activists” why you can’t immediately release Serebrennikov, and the attack on the journalist is not an atmosphere of hatred from Kiselyov, but an echo-sick person on his head. Even we cannot squeeze our own 5 column.
    1. +1
      1 November 2017 09: 24
      Yes, the pipe shows that it "burst" from the inside - if it were a diversion, there would be a torch.
      1. 0
        1 November 2017 09: 44
        It is unlikely that the NAC will begin to spread nonsense, it is not a media with limited social responsibility
  8. The comment was deleted.
  9. 0
    1 November 2017 10: 10
    Quote: sabakina
    Well, what should they be called?

    Probably "God's chosen"? wink
  10. +1
    1 November 2017 10: 29
    On October 31, at 19:36, in the area of ​​the village of Vinogradnoye near Alushta, a strong explosion occurred. State news agencies report damage to the gas pipeline and the collapse of the transmission line pylon. According to local residents, the explosion was such that “all Alushta shuddered”, went out, and then the lights went on, the car alarms went off, and “the sky turned bright orange.” Accidents in the Alushta region occurred on two pipelines and a 110 kW transmission line support.
    This was announced by the Minister of Fuel and Energy of the Crimea Vadim Belik.
    “We have three emergencies: a support with a 110 kW line and a rupture of two branch pipelines with a diameter of 273 mm in the vicinity of the Vinogradnoye and Zaprudnoe gas distribution stations (GDS),” Belik said.

    He clarified that all the accidents occurred in about the same area near Alushta, but at different times. At Zaprudnoye gas distribution station, an emergency occurred today at about 4-5 a.m., while the damage to the gas pipeline near the Vinogradnoye gas distribution station became known the night before
  11. 0
    1 November 2017 10: 43
    The head of Krymgazseti announced yet another possible sabotage in Crimea


    Oh, how clearly Ivan the Victory then spoke.
  12. +1
    1 November 2017 11: 25
    To carry out sabotage on r \ n the pipe must first be dug up. As I understand it, in the Crimea all the land has long been in someone’s ownership and you just won’t carry out earthwork right away, they’ll immediately notice. Crane nodes have long been under video surveillance almost everywhere. Remains air passages through ravines, streams, rivers. It is most convenient to commit sabotage there. But the "hole of a small diameter" - amused. Is it really a drill? belay This "hole of small diameter" can easily turn out to be revealing corrosion (cover). But about the fallen support of the power transmission line - it’s not at all clear: did it itself fall or is it still a sabotage?
  13. 0
    1 November 2017 11: 33
    citizens !!!
    In general, I read your comments here, looked at a few photos available on the Internet ....
    Well, about the BAR Theory, which no one ever told me ...
    and really little experience working with gas pipelines - I have my own opinion .... - DIVERSION with a probability of 70%, moreover ... I think so - a directed explosion, 200 grams per tonne ....
    why there is no torch (it was not) is explained logically, in the gas pipeline the average pressure ... you mean at the time of the explosion in the pipe there could not be enough air-gas mixture in a ratio of 1 to 10 (gas-air) for ignition, and the gas flow rate was sufficient for in order to quickly reduce the temperature and not allow subsequently self-igniting outside ....
    why 200 gr. i.e. .... holes as we see 2, i.e. (2 there are 200 laughing ) .... the outlet around the weld, and in this case, the seam was stronger than the metal pipe ... as far as I can see this (it seems) the turning point, that is, the elbow or elbow, as a rule, is hot-rolled metal, and accordingly the strength of the elbow is not in doubt , but a breakdown is possible, and a hole of a smaller diameter than in the main section of the pipeline, that is, the hole in the pipe is larger ...
    Well, the nature of the ragged edge of the chalk allows us to talk about a small charge ...
    Photo ...

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