Khatyn tragedy in March 1943 of the year - Who is to blame?
Belarus during the occupation period turned into a single partisan country, small detachments inflicted, albeit pinpoint, but very painful blows in the rear of the enemy. The fascists not only severely punished the local population in response, but also carried out intimidating executions of defenseless villagers. Official Soviet history believes that something similar happened in Khatyn in 1943. However, around this tragic event today, more and more controversy is burning. There were even opinions that the bloody action was carried out by the NKVD. The Soviet archives keep a lot of documents under the “secret” stamp indicating the terrible reprisals and other crimes of the party leadership, but much of it is falsified today. What are the basis of such rumors, try to find out in this publication.
Documentary films exposing not only German criminals, but also their Ukrainian accomplices are dedicated to the tragedies in a small Belarusian village of twenty-six houses. Partially, the villains were convicted by the International Criminal Tribunal and the Soviet court 1973 of the year, and a monument to the victims was erected at the site of the burnt down settlement. In the people, the blessed memory of innocently burned and shot Belarusians is expressed in songs, poems and books. However, in 1995, a book was published that honored the memory and their executioners. The creation, which insulted the memory of not only veterans of the Great Patriotic War, but also of its victims, was written by one of the leaders of the Ukrainian nationalist movement.
From the pages of textbooks, we know that the village and almost all its inhabitants were destroyed by the Nazis. However, there are in this tragedy and white spots, little studied in the Soviet era. The tabloid historians believe that the workers of the NKVD who were thrown from the air into the territory of Belarus were the killers of 147 people. The version is absurd, although it is very beneficial modern Eastern Europe. If you carefully examine the documents stored in the Minsk archive, it becomes clear that the Nazi troops, which included Nazis from the western regions of Ukraine, burned Khatyn. Sadly, today a number of nationalist organizations are honored in Western Ukraine, honoring the bloody murderers as heroes. They even erected a monument in Chernivtsi, and the obvious facts of atrocities are simply not taken into account or recognized as falsified. The sculpture in memory of the “heroes” of the Bukovina kuren, as if mocked by millions of victims, is decorated with the wings of a German eagle. Through the efforts of anti-Soviet views, legends about the insidious plans of the NKVD, provoking the "noble" invaders, are being created.
Several people miraculously survived, among them Viktor Zhelobkovich and Anton Borovkovsky, testify that the village was destroyed by Ukrainian policemen in Latvian uniform and Germans. None of the witnesses even mention any employees of the NKVD, so the legends and rumors that are actively spreading in the breeding grounds of neo-Nazism are untenable.
There were about a hundred people among the infamous 118 squad, the remaining 200 Wehrmacht soldiers were policemen drawn from Western Ukraine. The Nazis themselves called this squad Bukovina smoking, as it was formed from convinced nationalists in the city of Chernivtsi. Former soldiers and officers of the Red Army hoped that the German allies would provide Ukraine with independence. The policemen were distinguished by wearing the Latvian form and broken German. Today, Ukraine denies this fact, but all the same archival documents, as well as materials of the investigation indicate that Ukrainian traitors were killing the Belarusian population. One of the punishers is a Canadian citizen, Katryuk, who has not yet been punished for his atrocities. They are trying to justify ardent nationalists, saying that all the accusations were fabricated. However, Katryuk is denounced by the testimony of his accomplices, convicted by the criminal court 1973 of the year.
The punitive commander Vasyur, who had held the position of deputy director in one of the Kiev collective farms, did not suffer punishment until 1986 of the year. In peacetime, he was distinguished by cruel methods, but the investigation was not able to find strong evidence of involvement in the massacres in Belarus. Only nearly half a century later, justice triumphed, and Vasyura was tried. His testimony is cynical, he speaks of his accomplices with contempt, calling them bastards. Vasura did not repent sincerely of his crime.
All of the same materials of interrogation of criminals know that 22 March 1943, 118-th detachment invaded the territory of the village. The action was punitive in nature for the actions of the partisans who committed an attack on the German squad in the morning on the same day at 6. As a result of the attack, the guerrillas killed Hans Welke, who became the first Olympic champion in Germany. The value of the personality Velke for the Third Reich was that he was a confirmation of the theory of the superiority of the white race over blacks and Asians. The death of the athlete caused rabies from the party leadership, as well as ordinary Germans.
The guilt of the Soviet partisans was the ill-considered consequences of the attack. The punitive operation was a response to the murder of such a distinguished German. In a fury of 118, a detachment led by a former Red Army officer G. Vasuroy arrested and killed part of a group of lumberjacks, and the survivors followed the partisans to the nearby Khatyn. By order of Kerner, people together with young children, who were 147 among 75 residents, were driven into a wooden shed, covered with dry straw, poured over with fuel and set on fire. People were choking in the smoke, their clothes and hair caught fire on them, panic began. The walls of a dilapidated collective-farm building, thrown by fire, could not stand it and collapsed. The unfortunate tried to escape, but they were covered with a gunfire. Only few were rescued from the inhabitants, and the village was obliterated. The youngest resident who died in the fire was only seven weeks old. The massacre was carried out in the framework of the anti-partisan special operation under the beautiful German name “Winterzauber”, meaning “Winter Magic” in translation. Such actions were typical of the Wehrmacht, although they fundamentally violated all international acts and customs of civilized warfare.
In contrast to the Ukrainian members of the Bukovinsky Kuren, many of the former Wehrmacht warriors repented of their atrocities, some are ashamed only of belonging to the military forces of the Third Reich. Khatyn today is a visited place, and former employees of the 118 squad came here. As proof of their repentance and grief, they walked six miles to the village. Can this action smooth their guilt? Of course not. However, the former fascists publicly recognize and realize the abomination and inhumanity of this episode of the war, they do not seek to justify their crimes. The nationalists of Western Ukraine, contrary to all norms of morality, preach outrageous ideas, and the authorities indulge in offensive propaganda.
So, the unfortunate Khatyn people could not die at the hands of the Soviet partisans, or the NKVD employees, too much evidence suggests otherwise. It remains to find out why the Soviet leadership tried to hide information about the crimes of the 118 squad. The answer is quite simple: the majority of policemen who ruthlessly killed one and a half hundred civilians were former Red Army men. Captive Soviet soldiers were often asked to side with the invaders, few accepted this offer. The Bukovinsky Kuren was made up predominantly of traitors who exterminated the brotherly people, cowardly saving their lives in this way. View information about each of the criminals meant to recognize the fact of mass betrayal, including for ideological reasons in the midst of a glorious Soviet army. Apparently, the government has not decided on this.
Presenter Vladimir Tuz investigates the tragedy that broke out on 22 March 1943 in the village of Khatyn, Logoisk district. 147 people, of whom 75 children were burned alive. The main question is who were the punishers? Germans, Lithuanians, Ukrainians? Or maybe partisans or special forces of the NKVD?
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