Folk art in the field of tank construction in the years of the Great Patriotic. Part II

13
We continue to get acquainted with folk art in the field of tank construction in the war years (see part 1). In the role of inventors, innovators tried then and those who were engaged in the manufacture or repair of military equipment, and those who did not have a tank to even the farthest relation.

In this collection we will discuss the most insane projects proposed by inventors "from the people." Most of these projects were made public by the efforts of Yuri Pasholok, who found these unique documents in the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and posted them on his blog.

We would like to start our review with a car that looked quite appropriately like being any movie about another alien invasion. Something like a martial tripod of Mars, just jumping!

People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR Comrade. Stalin

DEAR JOSEPH Vissarionovich!

Wanting to defeat the hated German fascism and its army as soon as possible, the recommended invention - KARAR - is an armored light jumping machine. Constructive, tactical and combat features of Karara are as follows.

DESIGN: Steel ball-shaped tower, reinforced on six legs. The legs are the undercarriage, receiving movement from the motor located in the turret. Moving Karara occurs by jumping from 5 to 20 meters. The jump comes from the work of the motor. Its power is transmitted to the supporting legs through the clutch A and the connecting rod B. The connecting rod, resting on the head of the upper part of the foot, throws the body of Karar forward in the desired direction. Two connecting rods rest simultaneously on two adjacent legs. At the time of the jump the other four legs are selected. Before jumping in the desired direction, the tower turns. The rotation is carried out by the motor. There are six sectors in total.
Managed by Karar by one person sitting inside a tower in a swivel chair. The driver is also a shooter. The height of Karara to 3 meters, the diameter of the tower to 1,5 meters. Six support and mobility of Carara legs, shaped like a six-pointed star with a diameter of up to 3,5 meters.
All constructions of Karara are made of lightweight durable alloys, which results in a total light weight that contributes to the speed of movement and ease of jumping. See the attached diagram for details and general view of Karara. I don’t have the opportunity to provide detailed drawings, since the idea of ​​creating Karara originated in a combat situation, where there is no opportunity to get advice for technical calculations and design design of drawings. It would be desirable to work with an experienced design engineer. This machine can be represented in the drawings and models in a short time. According to my calculations, factory production of Karara is very cheap. Motor for Karar requires low power, consuming a little more fuel than a motorcycle engine. A constructive feature of Karara is the rapid interchangeability of any node.

TACTICAL FEATURES AND ARMAMENT KARARA
The practice of fighting has shown that when attacking an enemy, the tactical element of surprise is very important. Karar, who has the ability to jump, all the time contains this property, as it will appear unexpectedly before the enemy. Karar, being in combat, with his mobility is not very vulnerable to all kinds weapons.

KARAR - NEW IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESERVED RESERVES. He is the opposite of developing tank military vehicles that are in development due to the weighting of the armor and the total weight of the tank. Karar is capable of waging an energetic fight against infantry, cavalry, tanks, armored vehicles, enemy vehicles and engineering means, using his own weapons, flamethrower and tossing explosive charges.

KARARA'S ARMAMENT: To combat the enemy's manpower, in Karara, PPSh automats are used, equipped as stationary installations in the battlements of a spherical tower. Total machine guns installed 4 pieces, paired on opposite sides of the tower. For combat with tanks and other armored vehicles, shortened anti-tank guns are used, also located on opposite sides of the turret.
In addition, Karar has weapons - Pulvelysator - ejecting a flammable liquid CS against all targets, especially against tanks and engineering structures. In addition, Karara is able to bring explosive shells to engineering structures and blow them up.

Conclusion: bearing in mind that Karar in the field is capable of having very large maneuverability, his combat strength is very high. The best method of using Karar is in interaction with tanks and infantry, locating Karara on the front 50 meters from one another, and the depth of the enemy’s defense is no more than one kilometer.

ORGANIZATION OF CARARA MANAGEMENT
6 Pieces Karar - Branch
24 stuff Karar - platoon. A platoon is assigned one tank, as a mobile command post. To communicate with the CP, each Karar is equipped with a radio point.
72 stuff Karara - team. The brigade is given 10 tanks of various capacities.
Long-range vehicles are transported on trucks, 2 each, each with a set of materials for the supply of vehicles being carried by Karar.

Please consider my proposal and give an answer. In the event my personal attendance is required, my address is: Borovichi, 73 / 4 mailbox, cadet Alexander Korneyev.
Zampolitruk (signature) Korneev
November 2.10.42, XNUMX

TsAMO RF, 38 Foundation, 11350 inventory, 886 case



carre



carre


And this rationalization is a bit like modern projects and prototypes of exoskeletons. That's just a fighter in this device is, and not worth it.

Head of the Bureau of Inventions

Statement

Please consider my inventive proposal called “Bronesamokat”.
I did not make strength calculations in view of the fact that if an idea is deemed worthy of attention, these calculations can be made along with the construction of prototypes. Now, when the Germans are clinging to every piece of our land, it is very important to have an offensive weapon with good maneuverability and firepower. To this end, I offer my "Bronesamokat." With the massive use of "Bronesamokatov" I hope that our Red Army will destroy the advantage of the defending side, nullify the role of strong points and knots and save many lives of our infantrymen, since it was always difficult to attack without any armor protection more. Tanks do not always cover the infantry, and therefore the attacking side suffers more damage than the defensive.
Please approve consideration of my proposal and implement it as soon as possible.
Appendix:
1. Description on 4 pages.
2. Schematic drawing on the 1 page.

Senior Lieutenant V. Bogomolov, I.III.1944



Tracks - the most vulnerable part of the design of any tank. Inventors Lyashenko and Badayev propose to completely eliminate this part of the construction.

Trackless tank

DESCRIPTION OF NON-ACCIDENT TANK

LYASHENKO T.I. and BADAEVA S.V.

The experience of ongoing military action shows that the most vulnerable place of the modern tank are the tracks. A tank is destroyed not only by an anti-tank weapon, but also by a simple bunch of grenades.
Other design flaws allow you to disable the tank even with a bottle of burning gasoline,
In order to maximize the survivability and combat effectiveness of the tank, we offer a tank of the device described below.
The tank is an armored welded structure of a cylindrical cabin, resting on the ground by two cylindrical drums enclosing it.
Support cylinders are made of thick armored steel and supplied with pyramid-shaped shields.
The drums are connected to the cabin by elastic shock absorbers (springs) and can rotate relative to the cabin independently of each other on roller bearings.
The cab houses the engines, weapons in the form of anti-tank guns, anti-aircraft guns, machine guns, flamethrowers and fuel and lubricant tanks, ammunition compartments, a compressed air tank and seats for the crew.
The above items are placed in such a way that the center of gravity of the cabin is as low as possible and, in any case, must be much lower than the center of the cabin.
due to this position of the center of gravity of the cab, when the cylindrical support drums rotate, the cab will not rotate and, like the pendulum, will maintain its position in space.
Depending on the ratio of the weights of the support drums to the cabs and the distance to the center of gravity from the center of the cab, such a tank can take quite steep slopes - according to approximate calculations to 20-25 °. With steeper climbs, the moment of weight of the cabin relative to its geometric center will be insufficient for the movement of the tank upwards along inclined terrain. In such cases, twin tanks should be used, as shown in the drawing. Both mated tanks are exactly the same, why the fire power of the paired tank is twice as high as against a single tank.
Pairing is done with removable devices (a farm with stretch marks) with such a connection device so that they can be quickly separated without leaving the tank. The simplest is the connection rollers, tightened checks. The farm in the form of a closed box serves as a connecting corridor between paired tanks.
The patency of the twin tank in the hilly terrain is not lower than that of any modern tank.
When one of the paired tanks is damaged, the crew of the damaged tank passes into the intact tank along the internal passage in the connecting farm, the connections are disconnected, and the operational tank begins to act independently in the form of a single tank.
Even in very hilly terrain, such a single tank will be able to carry out some more military operations and, at least, get out of battle, saving manpower. In the flat terrain, a single tank is a full-fledged combat unit.
With some types of damage to one of the twin tanks, it can play the role of a trailer to the main tank, representing still some military force.
During the expedition to the rear of the enemy, when you need to take a large supply of fuel, ammunition and food, and, perhaps, an additional team of fighters, a trailer of the same shape as the main tanks, but without an engine and weapons, is included between the pair tanks The armor protection of the trailer, with the exception of the end walls, can also be lighter, since the trailer is protected in front and behind by leading tanks.
In this case, a tank with a heavily loaded trailer will lose some of its mobility, but the latter will still be sufficient to break through the front and exit to the rear of the enemy. Mobility will gradually increase as fuel and ammunition are consumed. If necessary, a sharp increase in mobility during operations in the rear of the enemy, after the trailer is released from the cargo, the soldiers are transferred to the leading tanks, or they are given a special task and the trailer is left, the leading tanks are connected to each other without a trailer.
With a small front power, the proposed tanks can also be used on hilly terrain without mating two leading tanks. In this case, one and, in some cases, two trailers are attached to each lead tank, which will allow a large number of fighters to be taken. In this form, the tanks can also be used to transfer troops to the rear of the enemy.
In this case, if necessary, tanks with trailers are accompanied by twin motor tanks.
The dimensions of the tank of the proposed device may be different, but the advantages are larger because of with an increase in the diameter of the drums, the supporting surface on the ground increases and, consequently, a greater thickness of armor plates can be taken, as well as more powerful weapons, which is important for fighting against enemy tanks, and the tank's permeability through uneven terrain improves (through ditches, streams).
On the other hand, an increase in the diameter of the tank over dimensions that allow transportation by rail is undesirable, since complicate the transfer of such tanks over long distances and, consequently, worsen the maneuverability of tank units.
For this, the most appropriate diameter (overall) of the tank should be considered 4,25 m.
The width of the tank for the sake of its stability on hilly terrain should be maximum, no more than 8m, this size ensures the passage of the tank over bridges and under overpasses.
The transfer from the cars to the driving drums should include several speeds, including very low, at which the tangential force on the drum rim should be sufficient to lift one of the paired tanks vertically if its spurs find support, and the rear tank creates enough emphasis
This will allow the tank to overcome not high vertical obstacles and get out of anti-tank ditches, the depth of which is less than the distance between the centers of paired tanks. Transmission from the engine to the supporting cylinders is carried out with the help of shafts and gears to the external sleeves of roller bearings.
A duplicate transmission using Gall chains is provided in case the main transmission is damaged.
The proposed tank system is a heavy high-speed tank. Therefore, he can hit targets not only with his firepower, but also with his own weight, running into enemy tanks, guns, cars, and the like.
To this end, the supporting drums are made sufficiently strong, the cabin is mounted on elastic shock absorbers. Each crew member must have an elastic seat to which must be tied.
The inertia of rotating drums of considerable mass will also contribute to the destructive effect of the impact.
The movement of the tank is controlled directly by the tank commander from the command booth using pneumatic transmission to the engine controls. The stock of compressed air is placed in tanks located in the upper part of the cabin and replenished with an air pump powered by the main engine.
The same air supply is used to operate the engine while the tank is under water, when it passes deep rivers along the bottom. For the possibility of such river crossings, the cabin is provided for hermetically closing.
Given the difficulty of perfecting the gaps between mutually rotating parts, it is planned to increase the air pressure inside the tank to the 0,25 atmosphere by injecting air from the tank into the cabin.
In a similar way, a tank passes terrain poisoned by agents, the only difference being that engines can operate on poisoned air, except for the intake of air from the tank to raise the pressure on the 0,25 atm. it will be necessary, during a long stay in the poisoned area, to let in oxygen from cylinders with compressed oxygen, which must be stored for this purpose.
Due to the hermetic device of the tank, the size of the stocks of compressed air and oxygen, the tank can stay in the poisoned atmosphere for a very long time without any decrease in its combat capability, since fighters will work without gas masks.
It seems to us that such a property of tanks may be decisive for the outcome of the battle in those cases, if the enemy uses a new type of unidentified agent for him, for which our gas masks would be little effective or apply, although well-known agents, but rather unexpectedly for our command, a significant portion of the fighters would have been incapacitated.
Given that in the poisoned atmosphere and the actions of the enemy will be constrained, no matter how well he prepared for them, a small number of the proposed tanks can for a long time restrain the onslaught of the enemy, even without the special assistance of rifle subunits. This will tighten up the fresh parts of the reserves.
The crew of the tank puts on gas masks only in case of breakdown of the walls of the cabin, which can be timely detected by instruments showing the air pressure in the cabin,
because until the pressure drops to 1 atm., outside poisonous air cannot enter the cabin.
If there are small holes, they can be sealed with wooden pegs or special patches, and work can continue without gas masks.
The armament of the tank consists of anti-tank and anti-aircraft guns, machine guns and flamethrowers. The size of the weapon depends on the size of the tank. The drawings show the armament of a large tank.
Guns, machine guns and flamethrowers are strengthened with the help of ball joints in the walls, tank, properly reinforced.
To observe the terrain in the walls of the tank, holes are made in the necessary places, sealed with bullet-proof glass.
The use of the proposed tanks will be most effective in the following cases:
a) To destroy the enemy’s tank columns and motorized infantry until its turn, tanks operate in a single order or sparse formation, crashing into a group of enemy tanks at maximum speed.
The tank opens fire with all its fire weapons on the enemy tanks surrounding it, and also searches for collisions with them, striving to strike with its supporting cylinders.
It is difficult for an adversary to fire at a rapidly rushing tank in close proximity to its other tanks, since at the slightest inaccuracy will hit their tanks.
In addition, the enemy will find that your tank is looking for a direct collision, will be forced to move away from your tank, and this will inevitably create confusion in its ranks.
In a collision with a motorized infantry that did not have time to turn around, the tank crashes into its middle, destroying the enemy’s vehicles with its supporting cylinders and spraying scattered soldiers and spreading machines with fire in all directions.
b) During raids to the rear of the enemy, the tank also seeks to crash into the head or the location of a part of the enemy, preventing it from firing on one side.
c) To defeat the advancing enemy chains. In this case, the tank crashes into the location of the chains, crushes them with its own supporting cylinders and shoots them with fire directed in all directions.
d) For the landing of assault forces to the rear of the enemy.
e) For the detention of the enemy in the poisoned area.

CLAIM. A cylindrical tank resting on the ground by two cabin-enclosing cylinders rotating relative to the cabin using an engine, independently of each other, while the tank can act in single orders, in the form of two tanks connected together by means of an internal passageway of the two tanks, the same between two motor tanks of a lightweight motorless and unarmed tank (trailer) and in the form of a single motor tank with the attachment to it of one or two trailed tanks.

(LYASHENKO) signature
(Balaev) signature

TsAMO RF, 38 Foundation, 11350 inventory, case # 1099



The detailed description of the combat swiveling apparatus has not been preserved. But this sketch has survived:


According to the inventor, this miracle machine was supposed to be high-speed and amphibious.

And this car would have to burn everything and everyone at a distance of 50 kilometers - a self-propelled atomic explosion.

Chairman of the USSR State Defense Committee
to comrade STALIN

To the attention of your ingenious mind, I propose a thought and a construction capable of giving the Motherland a weapon of INVISIBLE, all-conquering power.
A force capable of destroying any number of any tanks, aircraft, guns, ships, fortresses, cavalry and infantry can be gained through the thought and design I proposed.
This force can be localized in one armored all-terrain vehicle and requires only the driver and the "gunner operator" to service.
At this time there is nothing more important in the world than this thought, since in it the possibility of the power of the Motherland over the world.
Your ingenious insight in technology and in all things will easily tell you the need to realize this thought in a super urgent, especially secret, experienced manner.
I do not write a lot and do not delete formal drawings in this letter, because it’s not about the number of words and not the number of drawings.
You will understand me and everything else will be in the implementation - this is the most important thing.
I hope that you will personally read this and give an indication of who will make a sample on my guide and conduct experiments.

Think

The thought is as follows:
Temperatures above 20000 degrees are generated and transmitted at a distance from 0.001 km to 50 km, burning instantly everything in its path (body, cloth, fuel, metal, armor, concrete, stones, ammunition, ships, tools, etc.).

Creating temperatures above 20000 degrees
a) Imagine a blowtorch, usually giving a temperature on the tip of the flame tongue of the order of 700-1000 degrees. It is known that with increasing air pressure, constructively strengthening the lamp, we can bring the length of its flame tongue to the length of the flame flamethrower tongue.
b) Imagine now that instead of a blowtorch, we have special nozzles throwing away the tongue of flame.
c) we imagine that such 100 nozzles are placed tightly on one disk in such a way that the tips of the flame of each nozzle tend to one place (roughly speaking, to a point).
d) At such a “point” (location) - there will be 700-1000 degrees from one nozzle ejecting the tongue of flame, from two - almost 2 times (1100-2000 degrees), from three almost 2,5 times and so on.
e) The concentration at the “point” of the 100 flames of the nozzles - the temperature at the “point” of their confluence (as is the case with the fusion of the body collected by the 100 lenses) is greater than that of a single flame of the flame minus the loss of heat transfer and dissipation.
f) It is known that a heat beam, passing millions of kilometers, loses very little. It is known that at the point of fusion of heat collected by many lenses, the heat is almost equal to the sum of the heat from all the lenses. It is known that the air itself weakly absorbs heat and at the height of the mountains the sun gives more heat, and the air is cold, because it does not heat from the rays, but from the heated surfaces of the earth by directly touching them with air molecules.
g) All this says that at the "point" of the confluence of the flames of 100 nozzles the temperature will be at least 20.000 degrees and at most - around 100.000 degrees.
(x.100) -y = z,
where x = flame temperature of a single nozzle
100 = 100 nozzles
y = number of losses (0% to 80% heat)
z = 20.000 degrees - 100.000 gradus

Heat transfer over distance to 50 km
a) There is no substance in nature that can not burn at a temperature of 20.000 degrees, but it is possible to concentrate this heat in a metal tube, not allowing it not only to burn, but also to heat up above 100 degrees.
This method is based on the well-known experience, when in paper or thin tin dishes, burning even from a candle flame, it is possible to heat water on a flame in 1000 degrees, if water is poured into this dish.
b) Based on this, I mark the tube that accepts the fusion of the flames of the nozzles to give a stream of water that is rapidly flowing to cooling.
c) The tube is enclosed in a durable ribbed metal casing, inside which cooled water passes quickly.
d) The inner surface of the tube that collects the flame in the tongues is mirror polished to reflect the heat rays.
e) The angle of the narrowing of the tube to direct heat by a beam for tens of kilometers = from 1 / 1000 to 1 / 10000 degrees.
Tube length = 1 meter
Tube diameter = 5 (10) cm


Folk art in the field of tank construction in the years of the Great Patriotic. Part II


“The rubber air deflector of bombs dropping from an airplane” does not need detailed comments.


TsAMO RF, 38 Foundation, 11350 inventory, case # 1949


And another land battleship project proposed during the war:


TsAMO RF, 38 Foundation, 11350 inventory, case # 1948


This is a project of a jet tank, proposed by X. NUMX rank engineer N. Madatov and a senior lieutenant D. Rutkovsky from the city in December 3. It would be appropriate to look in any science fiction film.


TsAMO RF, 38 Foundation, 11350 inventory, case # 1101


Most of these projects were unrealizable at that time. But, in addition to insane projects, there were more realistic improvements and changes made to the design of quite real combat vehicles, proposed by thousands of workers, engineers and technicians.
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13 comments
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  1. AER_69
    +11
    23 March 2012 10: 35
    Star Wars is resting ...
    1. +4
      24 March 2012 15: 48
      100% solidarity! The first thought when I saw the drawing of KARAR was: "This is where Lucas the son of a bitch (plagiarist !!!) took the idea of ​​his imperial marching mastodons from!" ... laughing

      The author is brave! Bis! good Yes We look forward to continue! smile
  2. Green 413-1685
    +3
    23 March 2012 11: 15
    I remembered the anecdote- "Why do you need a scarlet flower? -Look what are the hemp fields around ...!"
    1. Zynaps
      +10
      23 March 2012 16: 42
      actually, it's a sin to harden. during the war, people tried their best to bring at least some benefit to the country's defense. and the general level of education left much to be desired. people did everything, they were mistaken, but from the heart and not pursuing selfish ends.

      Nowadays, how many astrologers, sellers of wonderful potions, obscurantists from ether dynamics with torsion fields and other petrikas have divorced. natural mold, which can only be ruthlessly fought.
  3. +6
    23 March 2012 11: 41
    Yeah! Our land was famous for the Kulibins!
    It should be borne in mind that all proposals are aimed only at achieving victory over the enemy while preserving human life.
    And from any absurdity it was possible to extract suitable grain.
  4. George IV
    +4
    23 March 2012 12: 39
    So where?
    Where do I ask you for humanoid robots at border guards? Judging by the drawings, they should have already appeared twice!
  5. vostok-47
    +2
    23 March 2012 15: 55
    This is where the Americans got the idea with the films "War of the Worlds", "Star Wars"))))))))))
  6. -1
    23 March 2012 16: 14
    Sorry, a little rest. smile http://podkontrol.ru/ кому не сложно подпишите пожалуйста петицию о принятии закона "О контроле над иностранным финансированием некоммерческих организаций"
  7. mind1954
    +1
    24 March 2012 04: 29
    The illustrations, moreover, once again demonstrate a high level of
    teaching drawing and drawing in Soviet schools and universities.
  8. 755962
    0
    24 March 2012 11: 19
    Kulibiny .... naivety bordering on ... add whoever he wants at his discretion
    1. +2
      18 May 2014 21: 48
      Quote: 755962
      Kulibiny .... naivety bordering on ... add whoever he wants at his discretion
      This naivety is not much greater than some of the Third Reich wunderwales that some people love to admire. Something I do not remember your equally derogatory answer about their nonsense, which even embodied in metal.
  9. +3
    24 March 2012 13: 03
    the machine with which this review began resembles the combat robots of the USSR in the game Command & Conquer ™ Red Alert ™ 3, the similarity is clear
    1. fern
      +2
      26 March 2012 21: 58
      Reaper and Sickle))) for sure
  10. +3
    25 March 2012 21: 54
    I liked the statement from S. Lieutenant Bogomolov, everything is quite correctly stated. Although also utopia (
  11. Turanchops
    +1
    30 March 2012 12: 36
    Yeah, they made it up, they made it up, KARAR is practically a Martian robot from "War of the Worlds" wassat

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