French combat vehicle for infantry divisions AMX-10Р
The rapid development of French tank building in the 60s. years, led to a shortage of infantry vehicles for joint operations with the main tanks. The adoption of the AMX-30 as the main tank, sharpened the task of creating BPM. Within a few years, Atelier de Construction d'lssy-les-Moulineaux presented a model of a new infantry vehicle for joint missions with the main tanks. 1968 year. Designers and engineers assemble the first BMP sample for a set of tests. For several years, the machine undergoes testing and refinement, and in the year 72 of the last century, mass production begins. Under the name of the infantry fighting vehicle AMX-10R is adopted by the French Armed Forces. Production of infantry fighting vehicles took place in the city of Roanne, by the way, the main tank AMX-30 was also created there. For 15 years, the French produced more than 1700 units of the AMX-10R. In addition to their armed forces, infantry fighting vehicles were delivered to Iraq, the United Arab Emirates, Greece, Singapore, Indonesia, Qatar and Saudi Arabia.
Construction and device AMX-10P
BMP AMX-10Р was created as an easy floating machine for moving an infantry (motorized rifle) squad. The layout is standard for the BMP, which has become traditional over time. The MTO is located in the front right side of the machine, in the left OU. A little ahead of the manhole cover for the driver, there are three devices for a periscopic view. The central device can be replaced with the NVD passive version. In the central part of the machine, closer to the left side - as a counterweight to the MTO, the 2-s local Tukan turret of a rotating type was installed. It has the main armament of the BMP. In the right part of the tower, the place of the commander of the vehicle was equipped, respectively, in the left part - the gunner. The gunner and the commander in the roof of the tower has separate hatches. Accommodation infantry in the BMP:
- two people sitting opposite each other, located in the right central part of the car, the front of them is located facing the stern;
- six people placed immediately behind the tower, two sitting on the sides and two in the stern of the hull.
Marines are located on the individual type of seats. For an exit and an entrance to the car, BMP is equipped with the stern panel of folding type on the electromechanical drive. The ramp itself is provided with two doors. The troop compartment on the top is provided with 2-me large hatches, when opened, the manhole covers self-lock in the upper position. The infantrymen are provided with seven periscopic instruments for external observation - the 2 of the instrument is installed in the stern, the 4 of the instrument along the sides and 1 in front of the DO. Each ramp door has an embrasure for firing from the troop compartment. From the open hatches of the troop compartment, you can fire in any direction.
A characteristic feature of the BMP is the extra-assault rendered armament. It includes an automatic 20 mm cannon in a pairing with a 7.62 mm machine gun. The machine gun is mounted at the top right above the gun. 20 mm gun "M693" 2 received third-party power, which allowed the machine gunner quickly switch firing mode from fragmentation to armor-piercing ammunition. The rate of guns 700 vyst / m, the range of destruction to 1.5 km. Tower ammunition - 65 armor-piercing and 260 fragmentation shells. The machine gun is provided with ammunition in 900 cartridges, 200 ammunition is ready for immediate use. The firing speed of the machine gun 900 vyst / m, the range of application to 1 kilometer. A searchlight was installed on the same axis with the weaponry. In addition to the main armament, linear vehicles stationed in the French armed forces received two portable “Milan” anti-tank missiles each with an 10 missile. It is possible to quickly install launchers on the sides of the body of the BMP. The commander of the sighting machine uses the M371 sight, which has a multiplicity of 1 / 6 times. For aiming at air targets, an anti-aircraft sight is used. The aiming gunner is provided with an OB 40 type periscope sight, with a multiplicity of times - 6 times, night - 5 times. It is possible to use instead of it separate sights - day type М40б, with multiplicity 2 / 6 times, night type OB 37 with multiplicity 6 times. To ensure a circular review, the commander and the gunner received seven viewing prism units each. Guidance - electromechanical actuators with manual duplication. The BMP does not have a weapon stabilizer, a thermal imager and a ballistic calculator. An optical type range finder is used to calculate the distance to the target. The target designation gunner or selects himself, or receives from the commander. Vertical weapon angles from 63 to -8 degrees. It is possible, on request, to install an equal-caliber Rh202 “Rheinmetall” gun, or another 20 mm automatic cannon, machine guns 12.7 / 7.62 mm. Armor AMX-10P - bulletproof. The frontal solution protects the machine from 14.5 mm ammunition. The hull has straight sides with an angled slope of the frontal armor plate. Bronelista made of aluminum alloys. Four 80 mm smoke screen grenade launchers are mounted along the sides of the turret, one of them is fired by the BMP commander.
The main requirement for armored vehicles AMX-10 and AMX-30 - maximum mobility, which corresponded to the European views of the conduct of hostilities of the time. BMPs ensured the speed of movement on roads up to 65 km / h, the range of movement up to 600 kilometers, fuel tanks accommodate 528 liters of fuel. Ground clearance AMX-10Р - 45 centimeters, pressure on 1 sq. Cm. 0.5 kilogram. The speed of movement on water is seven km / h. BMP is able to overcome the vertical barrier to 70 centimeters, cross the trench to 210 centimeters wide.
The MTO AMX-10P contains a power unit - a multi-fuel 8-mi diesel engine of the HS-115 Hispan-Suiza type, provided with liquid cooling and turbocharging, a hydromechanical-type transmission. Rotation of the shaft 3000 r / m, power characteristic - 300л.с. Diesel BMP was made by French car manufacturer Renault. Start of the diesel - an electric starter or compressed air. Transmission provided 5 transmissions - 4-e front and one rear. It consists of one-reactor complex hydraulic transmission with a friction clutch and 2-x differential flow MPP. The twin-shaft gearbox with synchronizers is provided with a pre-selector drive transmission. To cool the engine and the MTA, air enters through the upper performance louver. The exit of air and gases from the MTO is carried out in the right board.
Chassis BMP - five rubber rollers of the supporting type, three supporting rollers, front drive wheel. Suspension - torsion, individual. 1 and 5 roller are provided with hydraulic shock absorbers. The crawler two-ridge canvas with a cervical 42 cm centimeter wide is provided with a rubber treadmill and removable rubber type cushions. The two-ridge version reduces the likelihood of the track falling off, especially when the lower part sags afloat. Movement of infantry fighting vehicles during the crossing of water barriers are carried out by the 2 water jet. They were installed at the end of the case on the ramp sides. Before forcing, the driver turns on two water pumping pumps, standing in the MTO and DO, lifts the surge shield, located in front of the machine. Perhaps the factory performance of non-floating BMP for export and to perform individual tasks. From weapons mass destruction machine is protected by collector FVU, installed in the right side of the hull, an automatic system of PPO, the fire extinguishing composition of which is “Halon 1301”. For heating in a BMP installed in the heater. Factory color BMP - deforming or monophonic. In principle, the AMX-10P BMP is a reinforced BTR type armament of the Swedish Pansarbandvagn 302.
Subsequent modernization of the BMP:
- installation of a powerful engine in HP 350;
- installation of an improved transmission;
- OMS - installation of a weapon stabilizer.
Participation in hostilities
AMX-10P managed to make war in the Persian Gulf - a number of the BMP were in the operational group of the French "Dag".
Modifications of BMP:
- KShM AMH-10PC;
- artillery observation vehicle AMX-10 SAO;
- PUF using ATILA AMX-10VFA / VFL / SAF;
- Transport machine 155 mm ammunition AMX-10 SAT;
- AMH-10 AMV military ambulance;
- ATGM self-propelled type "Hot";
- mm mm 81 self-propelled mortar type AMX-10ТМС-81;
- tractor mortar 120 mm AMX-10TM;
- BREM AMX-10 ESN
- reconnaissance vehicle with radar AMX-10P RATAC;
At 2000, the French armed forces had more than 700 units AMX-10. There were also attempts to create an AMX-10Р light tank with an X-NUMX mm AM-75C gun and a wheeled variant of the BMP, these developments were unsuccessful and did not go into the series.
Key Features:
- machine weight - 14.5 tons;
- crew / landing - 3 / 8 people;
- length - 5.9 meters;
- width - 2.8 meters;
- height - 2.8 meter;
- clearance - 45 centimeters;
- full ammunition gun / machine gun - 760 / 2000 ammunition;
Additional Information
In 2008, the French company Nexter completed work on the modernization of the 108 units AMX-10Р. This update affected the six infantry regiments of the armed forces of France. The latest upgraded BMP AMX-10Р was put into service at the end of October 2008. Modernization of cars took place within three years by request of the French logistics agency. Machines received additional armor plates, which increased armor protection. In addition, the machines increased the mobility characteristics due to the installation of new suspension systems and an improved gearbox.
Construction and device AMX-10P
BMP AMX-10Р was created as an easy floating machine for moving an infantry (motorized rifle) squad. The layout is standard for the BMP, which has become traditional over time. The MTO is located in the front right side of the machine, in the left OU. A little ahead of the manhole cover for the driver, there are three devices for a periscopic view. The central device can be replaced with the NVD passive version. In the central part of the machine, closer to the left side - as a counterweight to the MTO, the 2-s local Tukan turret of a rotating type was installed. It has the main armament of the BMP. In the right part of the tower, the place of the commander of the vehicle was equipped, respectively, in the left part - the gunner. The gunner and the commander in the roof of the tower has separate hatches. Accommodation infantry in the BMP:
- two people sitting opposite each other, located in the right central part of the car, the front of them is located facing the stern;
- six people placed immediately behind the tower, two sitting on the sides and two in the stern of the hull.
Marines are located on the individual type of seats. For an exit and an entrance to the car, BMP is equipped with the stern panel of folding type on the electromechanical drive. The ramp itself is provided with two doors. The troop compartment on the top is provided with 2-me large hatches, when opened, the manhole covers self-lock in the upper position. The infantrymen are provided with seven periscopic instruments for external observation - the 2 of the instrument is installed in the stern, the 4 of the instrument along the sides and 1 in front of the DO. Each ramp door has an embrasure for firing from the troop compartment. From the open hatches of the troop compartment, you can fire in any direction.
A characteristic feature of the BMP is the extra-assault rendered armament. It includes an automatic 20 mm cannon in a pairing with a 7.62 mm machine gun. The machine gun is mounted at the top right above the gun. 20 mm gun "M693" 2 received third-party power, which allowed the machine gunner quickly switch firing mode from fragmentation to armor-piercing ammunition. The rate of guns 700 vyst / m, the range of destruction to 1.5 km. Tower ammunition - 65 armor-piercing and 260 fragmentation shells. The machine gun is provided with ammunition in 900 cartridges, 200 ammunition is ready for immediate use. The firing speed of the machine gun 900 vyst / m, the range of application to 1 kilometer. A searchlight was installed on the same axis with the weaponry. In addition to the main armament, linear vehicles stationed in the French armed forces received two portable “Milan” anti-tank missiles each with an 10 missile. It is possible to quickly install launchers on the sides of the body of the BMP. The commander of the sighting machine uses the M371 sight, which has a multiplicity of 1 / 6 times. For aiming at air targets, an anti-aircraft sight is used. The aiming gunner is provided with an OB 40 type periscope sight, with a multiplicity of times - 6 times, night - 5 times. It is possible to use instead of it separate sights - day type М40б, with multiplicity 2 / 6 times, night type OB 37 with multiplicity 6 times. To ensure a circular review, the commander and the gunner received seven viewing prism units each. Guidance - electromechanical actuators with manual duplication. The BMP does not have a weapon stabilizer, a thermal imager and a ballistic calculator. An optical type range finder is used to calculate the distance to the target. The target designation gunner or selects himself, or receives from the commander. Vertical weapon angles from 63 to -8 degrees. It is possible, on request, to install an equal-caliber Rh202 “Rheinmetall” gun, or another 20 mm automatic cannon, machine guns 12.7 / 7.62 mm. Armor AMX-10P - bulletproof. The frontal solution protects the machine from 14.5 mm ammunition. The hull has straight sides with an angled slope of the frontal armor plate. Bronelista made of aluminum alloys. Four 80 mm smoke screen grenade launchers are mounted along the sides of the turret, one of them is fired by the BMP commander.
The main requirement for armored vehicles AMX-10 and AMX-30 - maximum mobility, which corresponded to the European views of the conduct of hostilities of the time. BMPs ensured the speed of movement on roads up to 65 km / h, the range of movement up to 600 kilometers, fuel tanks accommodate 528 liters of fuel. Ground clearance AMX-10Р - 45 centimeters, pressure on 1 sq. Cm. 0.5 kilogram. The speed of movement on water is seven km / h. BMP is able to overcome the vertical barrier to 70 centimeters, cross the trench to 210 centimeters wide.
The MTO AMX-10P contains a power unit - a multi-fuel 8-mi diesel engine of the HS-115 Hispan-Suiza type, provided with liquid cooling and turbocharging, a hydromechanical-type transmission. Rotation of the shaft 3000 r / m, power characteristic - 300л.с. Diesel BMP was made by French car manufacturer Renault. Start of the diesel - an electric starter or compressed air. Transmission provided 5 transmissions - 4-e front and one rear. It consists of one-reactor complex hydraulic transmission with a friction clutch and 2-x differential flow MPP. The twin-shaft gearbox with synchronizers is provided with a pre-selector drive transmission. To cool the engine and the MTA, air enters through the upper performance louver. The exit of air and gases from the MTO is carried out in the right board.
Chassis BMP - five rubber rollers of the supporting type, three supporting rollers, front drive wheel. Suspension - torsion, individual. 1 and 5 roller are provided with hydraulic shock absorbers. The crawler two-ridge canvas with a cervical 42 cm centimeter wide is provided with a rubber treadmill and removable rubber type cushions. The two-ridge version reduces the likelihood of the track falling off, especially when the lower part sags afloat. Movement of infantry fighting vehicles during the crossing of water barriers are carried out by the 2 water jet. They were installed at the end of the case on the ramp sides. Before forcing, the driver turns on two water pumping pumps, standing in the MTO and DO, lifts the surge shield, located in front of the machine. Perhaps the factory performance of non-floating BMP for export and to perform individual tasks. From weapons mass destruction machine is protected by collector FVU, installed in the right side of the hull, an automatic system of PPO, the fire extinguishing composition of which is “Halon 1301”. For heating in a BMP installed in the heater. Factory color BMP - deforming or monophonic. In principle, the AMX-10P BMP is a reinforced BTR type armament of the Swedish Pansarbandvagn 302.
Subsequent modernization of the BMP:
- installation of a powerful engine in HP 350;
- installation of an improved transmission;
- OMS - installation of a weapon stabilizer.
Participation in hostilities
AMX-10P managed to make war in the Persian Gulf - a number of the BMP were in the operational group of the French "Dag".
Modifications of BMP:
- KShM AMH-10PC;
- artillery observation vehicle AMX-10 SAO;
- PUF using ATILA AMX-10VFA / VFL / SAF;
- Transport machine 155 mm ammunition AMX-10 SAT;
- AMH-10 AMV military ambulance;
- ATGM self-propelled type "Hot";
- mm mm 81 self-propelled mortar type AMX-10ТМС-81;
- tractor mortar 120 mm AMX-10TM;
- BREM AMX-10 ESN
- reconnaissance vehicle with radar AMX-10P RATAC;
At 2000, the French armed forces had more than 700 units AMX-10. There were also attempts to create an AMX-10Р light tank with an X-NUMX mm AM-75C gun and a wheeled variant of the BMP, these developments were unsuccessful and did not go into the series.
Key Features:
- machine weight - 14.5 tons;
- crew / landing - 3 / 8 people;
- length - 5.9 meters;
- width - 2.8 meters;
- height - 2.8 meter;
- clearance - 45 centimeters;
- full ammunition gun / machine gun - 760 / 2000 ammunition;
Additional Information
In 2008, the French company Nexter completed work on the modernization of the 108 units AMX-10Р. This update affected the six infantry regiments of the armed forces of France. The latest upgraded BMP AMX-10Р was put into service at the end of October 2008. Modernization of cars took place within three years by request of the French logistics agency. Machines received additional armor plates, which increased armor protection. In addition, the machines increased the mobility characteristics due to the installation of new suspension systems and an improved gearbox.
Information