Klintsevich: the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation occupy 2-e among the armies of the world

As the RIA News, Franz Klintsevich, First Deputy Chairman of the Federation Council Committee on Defense and Security, stated that he considers the rating of the most powerful armies of the world according to the Global Firepower international company to be reliable.

The Russian army entered it in the top three best armies in the world, while losing the first place to the United States. As Klintsevich believes, Russia's lag behind the United States is compensated for by the increased efficiency of the domestic armed forces in terms of the price-quality ratio.

We should not forget that Americans spend about ten times more on these goals than we do.

According to the senator, these successes are the result of changes observed over the past 7 - 10 years. In the case of compiling this rating in the 1990-s of the Russian Federation, it could not even enter the top ten, Klintsevich believes.

In total, the designated 133 state was represented in the indicated rating. The USA took the first place, the Russian Federation - the second. This result was made possible thanks to the changes that have occurred over the past seven to ten years. If such a rating were made in the 90s of the last century, the Russian army could not be in the top ten, the senator believes.

On thursday was published rating of the most powerful armies of the world according to the international company Global Firepower. In the list of 133 states, Russia ranked second, behind the USA, Poland - 19, Iran - 21, DPRK - 23, Ukraine - 30, Romania - 42, Syria - 44, Uzbekistan - 48, Belarus - 49, Kazakhstan - 55, Azerbaijan - 58, Georgia - 82, Armenia - 93.

Comments

[Kasym]

I would throw these ratings in the trash. The United States has not won a single war lately.
Baku and Yerevan are lower than RK and RU; but they have combat experience. And, for example, the provisions of the armies of Romania and Poland raise a lot of questions.

[WHAT IS]

And a brilliant victory over the mighty Grenada?

[Blackmokona]

Cold war Yugoslavia? First Iraqi? Libya?...

[Kasym]

So what? Yankees control Moscow with Belgrade, Baghdad and Tripoli control? This is not a victory, this is some kind of PR. To bomb and roll into the asphalt - this does not mean to conquer a people or country, to force a snuggle.

[krops777]

So what? Yankees control Moscow with Belgrade, Baghdad and Tripoli control? This is not a victory, this is some kind of PR. To bomb and roll into the asphalt - this does not mean to conquer a people or country, to force a snuggle.

Seeing at the root of Kasym, the United States and Russia have different goals in military campaigns, Russia bring peace and order, and the United States is devastation, poverty and hunger, we have high noble goals for everything for profit.

[Kasym]

Exactly, the tasks are different. Defense doctrine and attack doctrine. Therefore, the Russian Federation has developed air defense, and the United States Navy and Air Force. How to compare?

[Same lech]

How to compare?

Coffin ... cynical, but true.
The enemy army must suffer irreparable losses in the conflict ... that’s the main criterion when comparing the effectiveness of armies ...
what's the use of a large army that is not able to destroy the armed forces of the enemy once and for all.
I believe our army is capable of knocking out manpower from the Americans in an open battle to a state of stupor ... so that they do not talk about the invincibility of their vaunted army.

[Orel]

Quote: The same LYOKHA

I believe our army is capable of knocking out manpower from the Americans in an open battle to a state of stupor ... so that they do not talk about the invincibility of their vaunted army.

We have different doctrines, and in a hypothetical war (God forbid) with conventional weapons, the one who forces the opponent to play on his own terms will prevail. The United States has the world's strongest fleet and air force. We have the most powerful ground forces in the world. Here are the trump cards of the parties. If we try to hit the continental United States, then most likely we will be defeated and lose the landing in the face of the land forces. If the United States tries to do the same, then again they will face defeat on the continental part of Russia. Therefore, this is parity. In general, I do not believe in the likelihood of such a conflict. Even looking at the structure of the US Armed Forces, I am absolutely sure that it is not intended for war with Russia or China. It is rather a defense-deterrent structure. Active US operations may lead against terrorist groups, small countries. After the Cold War, US forces also changed dramatically. The fleet tonnage was almost halved, and ground forces were cut. Therefore, we must stop believing in the tales of the NATO threat. This is nonsense and anyone who is familiar with the numbers will confirm this.

[Same lech]

Therefore, we must stop believing in the tales of the NATO threat. This is nonsense and anyone who is familiar with the numbers will confirm this.

It is strange how you can call nonsense the gradual concentration of NATO troops at our borders.

And then the EU needs to expand its borders ... and they can expand only to the east, that is, at the expense of RUSSIA ...
EU politicians openly talk about this (I heard it with my own ears) ... NATO is just a tool to consolidate this expansion.


So do not mislead the members of the forum

[Orel]

Quote: The same LYOKHA

It is strange how you can call nonsense the gradual concentration of NATO troops at our borders.

Several rotational battalions are not a threat. There are no serious military forces on the border with the Russian Federation and more. They cannot appear there, since they are not physically. I am more worried about why our armed forces, in response to several battalions, form new tank armies and divisions to calm the Baltic states. This is what a proportional answer ??? Here we ourselves provoke NATO to increase our forces. I just can’t understand so far why this is so beneficial to us. Although I think that Putin understands that NATO is not a threat, but in order for society to be brainwashed, that NATO gave cause, they still will not attack, but we can provoke them with complete impunity. I think this is such a multi-way way that our people can be distracted from real problems and all the negativity on NATO and the United States is concentrated. And while it succeeds.

In 2013, the United States withdrew all tanks from Europe. And we all remembered the threat of NATO, even then. We are held for idiots simply. Now, after the Crimea and Donbass, of course, the United States began to return its troops. We apparently fought for this.

[Same lech]

I am more worried about why our armed forces, in response to several battalions, form new tank armies and divisions to calm the Baltic states. This is what a proportional answer ??? Here we ourselves provoke NATO to increase our forces.

You forget about the construction of military infrastructure and logistics at the borders of RUSSIA ... airfields, various warehouses, command posts, etc.

in addition, the deployment of a US missile defense system at our borders is already a direct threat to our security.

[Orel]

Quote: The same LYOKHA

You forget about the construction of military infrastructure and logistics at the borders of RUSSIA ... airfields, various warehouses, command posts, etc.

Firstly, there is no large-scale construction; secondly, the number of military facilities has only declined since the Cold War, and then NATO does not have the necessary number of forces for a war with Russia. For Iraq alone, nearly half a million soldiers were needed. And you about Russia. Here, 5 million is needed no less, and even so that everyone on the western border is. NATO does not have these forces. The ground forces in NATO are quite limited, there is much shifted to the Navy and the Air Force. Many units are conditionally combat-ready.

There is a missile defense problem, but I am not inclined to exaggerate it. The fact is that no one will ever check whether it works or not. And will not try. Even if there are dozens of interceptors, who will guarantee that neither it will missile with nuclear submarines, mines, mobile complexes will pass protection during mass launch? No one. So no one will check. And then to destroy Russia nuclear weapons simply means to spoil the entire Northern hemisphere of the planet. This is an environmental disaster on a planetary scale. These studies were carried out back in the 50s, as well as the destruction of the United States by the same nuclear weapons. Even if not one bomb falls on Russia, radiation will spoil the whole country anyway.

[rotmistr60]

For Orel

This is what a proportional answer ??? Here we ourselves provoke NATO to increase our forces.

Here it is issued. Word for word, like lamentations of Russian liberals on this subject. It turns out that Russia provokes NATO to expand to the East and create bases near our borders. Regarding proportionality. Do not confuse proportionality (symmetry) in diplomacy with the security of the country.

[Boa kaa]

Quote: Orel

I am more worried about why our armed forces form new tank armies and divisions in response to several battalions to calm the Baltic states. This is what a proportional answer ???

In the strategic plan, the Baltic countries are the essence of the landing site. And when straight to Klaipeda, Tallinn, Ventspils and K * the NATO Leclers, Leopards, Challengers and Abrams begin to be unloaded - it will be too late to drink Borjomi! They will need to be met by tank divisions - organized, well-trained, undergoing combat coordination during the exercises with live firing of the main projectile, and also having experience in interacting with front-line aviation and anti-tank missiles ... Therefore - "a good spoon for dinner!"
And the Baltic states are a zone of our exclusive geopolitical interests. Moreover, this is rightfully our territory, bought from the Swedes by Russian tsars. Or will you deny it !?

[Orel]

Quote: The same LYOKHA

So do not mislead the members of the forum

There are no errors in my words "... They have common sense and life experience ..."

[Same lech]

There are no errors in my words "... They have common sense and life experience ..."

No doubt ...
but this is just your experience and common sense ....
but I think it is necessary to build on all the same from the facts ... EC would read much of the operational plans of the NATO military command then.

[Orel]

Quote: The same LYOKHA

EC would read the operational plans of the military command of NATO much then would be clarified.

I think our read. There are so many allies in the NATO structure now that I’m sure that through the same Czechs, Balts, Poles, we all get what we need. Intelligence works.

[hrych]

Quote: Orel

The United States has the world's strongest fleet and air force. We have the most powerful ground forces in the world. Here are the trump cards of the parties. If we try to hit the continental United States, then most likely we will be defeated and lose the landing in the face of the land forces.

I would argue that our fleet is no weaker. If you do not fall into the charm of the AUG, and still consider the carriers of powerful strike weapons, you will find a curious thing, okay, Ohio with ICBMs, we don’t take them, like our Squids, Dolphins and Boreas. Where our missiles are certainly better, at least in terms of missile defense capabilities. And we have multi-purpose submarines, destroyers and US cruisers, as carriers of non-nuclear, high-precision Tomahawks, with a frail Harpoon for sea battles. Our carriers of Caliber and Onyx will undoubtedly focus on the use of nuclear warheads, and Harpoon is the perfect short-range subsonic hat in the naval battle. According to AUG, a separate story, we don’t get into it, but the USSR also solved this problem in an asymmetric way, these solutions in the form of Antei and Tu22M3 only improved, plus with the development of satellites and ZGRLS it was just possible to cover the enemy’s ICBM fleet ... We take the Air Force and what do we see: the strike capabilities are weak, stealth charms, free-fall atomic bombs, 200 pieces, short-range missiles are again highly accurate non-nuclear, and we have the most beautiful long-range missiles of the air-base, parallel to Bramos, the Onyx supersonic aviation matures. And of course, again, a bet on nuclear weapons. Therefore, analyzing the capabilities of the FMS and the Air Force, you should not stupidly count the number, but you should look at the shock capabilities, i.e. range and power of weapons, and even in kilotons. And it turns out that our VKS and our Fleet will be at the top of the food chain. The funny thing is that it was Western analysts who began to sound the alarm about this. And AUG and Stealth, where in the first case the system is just a ballast for the fleet, which pulls off normal attack ships for themselves stupidly for protection, and the second for the sake of stealth, sacrificed TTX, and losing in speed, radar capabilities and weakness of the attack systems.

[Boa kaa]

Quote: hrych

I would argue that our fleet is no weaker.

Dear colleague!
If you knew how deeply mistaken you were, you would not tear a vest on yourself!
Although, humanly, I understand you, but I cannot agree with your deeply patriotic conclusions. And not because I do not like my fleet, but because: "Plato is my friend, but truth is more expensive!" (Socrates).

[hrych]

Quote: Boa constrictor KAA

If you knew how deeply mistaken you are

Brother, two men didn’t sleep at night, so that our people no longer hide in partisan forests One was called Kurchatov, and the second Korolev. When Kurchatov made a puff, he forever overtook the United States in nuclear technology. Our rockets are also, of course, preferable, as expressed in space victories. Well, the moment came that in real time they began to track the enemy fleet. The USSR had a two-hour delay for the correction of Anteyev, etc. It is clear that the Tu-142, as a gunner, was not perfect. Well, the others are technologies now. Progress does not stand still. From that forever the surface fleet ended. Yes, agonizing, Yes, a little more relevant. But he had only a few years left. RCCs are at least ready to send the fleet to the scrap, but they, as it were, are an anachronism. BR is already picking up on this topic. There, the Chinese are using our idea of ​​the sixties with a decrease in BB speed, for possible guidance, but that is not it. The boundary will cover anything, give it the exact coordinates in real time, a few minutes of flying time will not allow you to leave the affected area, it will be a powerful all-in-one or 3-4 weaker, but the area will be covered even more effectively. This, and not the near future, is the present. And Liana is not to blame for this, with Peonies and Lotuses. Container and Wave with MRIS system, etc. Old you are pirates, outdated I, too, are now right behind the youth, I can barely weave, it’s hard with routers and hubs, I can barely understand. Optics there, etc. My pentium in my head can no longer cope and slows down. Therefore, it is honored by the old, and the young are dear to neither the Chinese nor the Americans.

[Boa kaa]

Quote: Orel

Even looking at the structure of the US Armed Forces, I am absolutely sure that it is not intended for war with Russia or China. It is rather a defense-deterrent structure.

More wings, like an angel, paint to the full picture!
Look at the direction of combat training, the number of forces of the Marine Corps, and finally at the doctrine of INSTANT disarming strike ..
Something I don’t recall recently a single exercise / maneuver of forces to protect the continental United States from the aggressor ... and more and more are training in overseas territories ...

[Boa kaa]

Quote: Orel

Therefore, we must stop believing in the tales of the NATO threat.

Well, you damn it, EAGLE !!! (with)
It's like telling a person standing on a scaffold that they put a noose around his neck to make it easier for him to tie a tie!
The Minister of Defense from a high rostrum announces an increase in the military threat to the country from NATO, and our "eagle" calls not to believe "in tales about the NATO threat." AUTHORITY!!!!

[Sergej1972]

Probably the most powerful land forces in the world are in the PRC and the USA. We are second in total power. To a large extent due to nuclear weapons.

[hrych]

Quote: Sergej1972

Probably the most powerful land forces in the world are in the PRC and the USA. We are second in total power. To a large extent due to nuclear weapons.

In land forces, the rating is affected by the number of tanks and artillery. The latter includes MLRS and tactical missiles. As you know, on the balance sheet of the Ministry of Defense, we have more tanks than the United States and China combined. For MLRS and tactical missiles, you probably know that we are the best. And if we take tactical nuclear weapons, which we have from 5 to 15 thousand, and not like the United States - the bet is on freely falling bombs in Germany, but the whole nomenclature. Well, consider it, but it’s better not in tanks, but again in megatons.

[vladimirZ]

Strange in the article on the rating there is no Chinese army, a state bordering Russia for thousands of kilometers, and representing a potential danger with its multitude, and historical territorial claims against us.
Is this probably the most numerous army, now increasing its effective power, does not need to be taken into account?
Yes, and in the ranking of the most powerful armies in the world, another question is who takes the second place: Russia or China? In my opinion, the second place still belongs to the Chinese army, despite the advantages of the Russian army in individual weapons. This is also confirmed by difficult to explain territorial concessions to the most important sections of the border, for example, near Khabarovsk, a concession for tens of years to thousands of square km of land in Transbaikalia.
Only do not write hatchery bends in response. It is necessary to objectively assess the current situation, it is more useful for everyone.

[hrych]

Quote: vladimirZ

Yes, and in the ranking of the most powerful armies in the world, another question is who takes the second place: Russia or China?

Not in individual weapons, but without exception the Russian Federation surpasses. The Chinese have the largest fleet, huge ships, so what? And what are they armed with? What range, what opportunities? What are nuclear submarines and ICBMs? And everything will turn out to be dead, unbalanced, etc. If you are talking about Tarabarov and part of the Bolshoi Ussuriysky island, then there is no need for much speculation about this, they transferred only 300 square kilometers of swamps with a variable coastline. And just do not align with the Kuril Islands, there is a strategic importance of their location and one two hundred-mile economic zone which is worth ...

Here is a good digression on the topic https://nstarikov.ru/blog/33584

[Sergej1972]

There, the thing is that the USSR took control of some river islands of the USSR in 1929, during the Soviet-Chinese conflict. They were not part of the Russian Empire.

[Sergej1972]

What are the concessions of thousands of square kilometers? These territories have been and remain part of Russian territory. From the fact that some field is leased by a Chinese agricultural company, it does not cease to be part of Russian territory. And it is under Russian jurisdiction. For decades, North Koreans have been harvesting wood in quite large areas. we don’t say that the territories came under the control of the DPRK,

[Glory1974]

Yankees control Moscow with Belgrade, Baghdad and Tripoli control? This is not a victory, this is some kind of PR.

But still they achieved military goals. And then the business of politicians.
It’s about the same as in Afghanistan. The Army has fulfilled all the assigned tasks, but it has lost politically.

[Yngvar]

“Mattress” and did not set out to win any war! Exception Russia. Their task is to rekindle a small hearth and maintain it in a "hot" state for a long time. Arms sales are ensured, there is always the opportunity to throw up arms and money of one of the parties to manipulate it in the interests of the United States ... Only business and nothing personal!

[Alex_Rarog]

Damn, as I understand it, the author for the volume 3 times wrote the same thing in different words?

[Maz]

Well, yes, in the first place aliens, this is understandable, but in the second we are the RF Armed Forces

[Skif83]

Well, they base their show off on the amount of cannon fodder and stupid arguments about outdated Russian weapons. Listen to Poland, so stronger than their army is no one in the world
And if you recall the recent history, so after a lost war in Vietnam, the US army was certainly below the Vietnamese baseboard.
That's how they cherish their world ambitions. And their economy is hoo-hoo, and the army-do not come, about their vaunted democracy-your carcasses in the light ...

[Ajaxsup]

Perfectly! This news really pleases
... but there is a fly in the ointment:
"We should not forget that the Americans spend about ten times more on these goals than we do."

[Radius]

This is not a fist, but a fist. Lively, but very small. The nuclear club rescues against a wall. The adversaries are afraid of her.

[Radius]

I offer:
1. The network has publications about the army of Switzerland. Mobilization training of the country SUPER.
2. Compare the composition of the fleets. About China and the Americans can not talk. The surface fleet of South Korea is larger than ours. At nuclear powered ships (nuclear submarines) we win.
3. The number of ground forces. We assume that the weapons are about the same.
4. The number of aircraft.

[kepmor]

eh .... if also our economy, even if the second one were in the world ... dreams ... dreams ....

[Same lech]

eh .... if also our economy, even if the second one were in the world ... dreams ... dreams ...

Director of the flying club detained in the case of a fraud with the money of the Ministry of Defense ...
The amount of 186 million rubles appears in the criminal case, but the figure could grow to 700 million ...

Well, what is the economy the theft of public money would at least be stopped.

[Boa kaa]

Quote: The same LYOKHA

theft of public money would at least stop

Alexey! What are you talking about, right? The Plush government cannot go to the pot on its own without the permission of the IMF, not only to establish tight control over the spending of budget funds!
Peter I at each noblewoman stood a sergeant of the guard of the Semenovsky or Preobrazhensky regiments to see that there was no bribery and embezzlement! And here the actresses-producers on 68 lemons are left to the left and everyone considers them “innocent” ...
Zhirinovsky correctly proposes: all control bodies should consist of the opposition! Then all the contracts will be sifted through a fine strainer and no gesheft will pass by the microscope!
IMHO.

[Sergej1972]

Under current conditions, by definition, a country with a population of 146 million will never be larger than the US economy with its 325 millionth population or more than the economies of China and India, countries with more than a billion people.
Within the current borders, the maximum possible is fourth or fifth. To overtake Germany is a more real task.

[kotuk_ha_oxote]

At least someone looked into this rating?

They consider:
Slave strength: population, population that can be mobilized, army size.
Air Force: we have 3 794 aircraft, incl. 806 fighters, 1438 attack aircraft, 1124 transporter and so on.
Ground Forces: 20 216 tanks, 5 972 self-propelled guns and so on.
Fleet strength: 63 submarines, 15 destroyers, 81 corvette.
Oil reserves.
Infrastructure: road surface 982 thousand km, ports 7 pcs, railways 87 157 km, airports and airfields 1218 pcs.
Finance: defense budget, external debt, gold reserves, PPP GDP.
Geography: area of ​​the country, coastline, border length, waterways.

https://www.globalfirepower.com/country-military-
strength-detail.asp? country_id = russia

[Same lech]

Orel,
The arguments are convincing ... but the options for the conflict can take various forms ... and not necessarily it will be a direct military clash between military units.
Suppose that an alcoholic president or liberal like KOZYREV appears again in KREMLIN, who absolutely sneezes on the country's security, and then RUSSIA can again be involved in a civil war in which NATO will be able to quickly send troops into our territory ...
as you know, this has already happened in our history and this must be ruled out at all costs.

[Nix1986]

I’ll throw a fly in the ointment :)))) It would be so in terms of economy or living standards or corruption, eh ... Dreams

[Kenxnumx]

I doubt that we are ahead of China. The potential is still different.

[FLOOD]

Quote: Orel

Quote: The same LYOKHA

EC would read the operational plans of the military command of NATO much then would be clarified.

I think our read. There are so many allies in the NATO structure now that I’m sure that through the same Czechs, Balts, Poles, we all get what we need. Intelligence works.

Especially from the Poles and the Balts!

[Sergej1972]

I think individual Poles and individual Latvians, Estonians, Lithuanians may well transmit such information. Some of them are persuasive, some are financially interested.)) Not all Poles and Balts hate Russia.

[den3080]

Orel,
and you are not a representative of a bald eagle randomly?)))
he loves to tell that he does not threaten anyone, but almost all the armed conflicts of our time occur with his submission and with his direct participation.
the bear hesitated to pick up the eagle.

[win9090]

2nd place while there are grandmothers. And this is not for long.

[bagr69]

The only real rating, I think, can be made only by the results of the actual use of force, and not by the amount of "iron and wasted" and their potential to "bang."

[san4es]

The Russian military doctrine regarding the use of nuclear weapons has not changed, so there is no point in talking about a direct threat to the civilian population.
This statement was made by the Director of the Department for Non-Proliferation and Arms Control of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation Mikhail Ulyanov. According to him, the Russian Federation, as before, can use nuclear weapons in only two cases. The first is if nuclear weapons are used against Russia, and it will be forced to respond to the threat. The second - in the case of the use of conventional weapons against Russia, if the very fact of the existence of the Russian Federation is jeopardized.

http://replyua.net/putin/rossiya/9004-rossiya-naz
vala-dve-prichiny-dlya-primeneniya-yadernogo-oruz
hiya.html

[Boa kaa]

Orel,

And you about Russia. There are no fewer 5 millions, and even for everyone on the western border. NATO does not have these forces.

It’s enough to think in terms of the Napoleonic wars! WWII with its mass armies has sunk into oblivion. Maybe they heard something about contactless war 6 level. It is to such clash wars that NATO strategists are trying to fasten us. A sort of computer toys at a range of reach of weapons. And the operator in the bunker, is drinking coffee in safety ...
Take the bases away from our borders, dissolve the military organization of the Alliance, and we guarantee security on our part. So no! They do not want peace under the olives, Moloch VPK asks to eat, cattle gluttonous!
Hence all the problems, and not because the Russians are terrible horror!

[Alexey-74]

Ratings are good only on paper. Dry numbers will not show the real situation in any army in the world. If we compare the war in Vietnam by ratings, then the Vietnamese did not have a chance before the United States ..... but how we really all came together we know, and the Americans too.

[Ugolek]

I would argue that our fleet is no weaker.

Yeah, interesting ... it means that against three 100 American ships, three heroes will enter the field and defeat the filthy ..

[hrych]

Quote: Ugolek

Yeah, interesting ... it means that against three 100 American ships, three heroes will enter the field and defeat the filthy ..

When 10 thousand Chinese or a million enter the field against us, what is the difference? Only the amount of fried meat in the output. Now the situation is very similar in the Navy.

[Ugolek]

I will not argue....

[FLOOD]

Quote: hrych

Quote: Boa constrictor KAA

If you knew how deeply mistaken you are

Brother, two men didn’t sleep at night, so that our people no longer hide in partisan forests One was called Kurchatov, and the second Korolev. When Kurchatov made a puff, he forever overtook the United States in nuclear technology. Our rockets are also, of course, preferable, as expressed in space victories. Well, the moment came that in real time they began to track the enemy fleet. The USSR had a two-hour delay for the correction of Anteyev, etc. It is clear that the Tu-142, as a gunner, was not perfect. Well, the others are technologies now. Progress does not stand still. From that forever the surface fleet ended. Yes, agonizing, Yes, a little more relevant. But he had only a few years left. RCCs are at least ready to send the fleet to the scrap, but they, as it were, are an anachronism. BR is already picking up on this topic. There, the Chinese are using our idea of ​​the sixties with a decrease in BB speed, for possible guidance, but that is not it. The boundary will cover anything, give it the exact coordinates in real time, a few minutes of flying time will not allow you to leave the affected area, it will be a powerful all-in-one or 3-4 weaker, but the area will be covered even more effectively. This, and not the near future, is the present. And Liana is not to blame for this, with Peonies and Lotuses. Container and Wave with MRIS system, etc. Old you are pirates, outdated I, too, are now right behind the youth, I can barely weave, it’s hard with routers and hubs, I can barely understand. Optics there, etc. My pentium in my head can no longer cope and slows down. Therefore, it is honored by the old, and the young are dear to neither the Chinese nor the Americans.

And so Korolev toured the Gulag)))