Weapon quality underlies many victories.
Without national support to solve the problem of ensuring the country's defense
The “Military Industrial Courier” weekly publishes a report by the Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation, the Chairman of the Military Industrial Commission Dmitry Rogozin, made in the February 28 State Duma.
Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin’s article on the Armed Forces and the “To Be Strong” defense-industrial complex is exclusively programmatic and strategic. Therefore, at present, it is necessary to talk about how to put into practice the theses set forth in this doctrinal document. And what is already being done in terms of the modernization of the military-industrial complex and the implementation of the State Armaments Program.
The modern defense industry complex of the Russian Federation is 1300 enterprises and organizations in 64 regions of Russia. About two million people work in the defense industry today. The organizational reform of the DIC is almost complete.
Currently, the main scientific and industrial potential is concentrated in integrated structures that produce more than 60 percent of all products of the military-industrial complex. The reform was dictated by the need to halt the collapse of the intellectual branches of our industry, to preserve the scientific and production potential through the consolidation of resources and the centralization of management.
Today, about 70 percent of organizations of the entire Russian defense industry complex are under the direct control of the state, including through the leading organizations and integrated structures. The need to further increase state control, in our opinion, is absent. Moreover, to optimize the corporate governance system, the government reduces the number of civil servants on the boards of directors of joint-stock companies.
As for the disclosure of the ownership structure of private enterprises, counterparties (executors of the state defense order), I would note the need for the adoption of appropriate binding legislation for this. We are already working on a proposal aimed at ensuring the transparency of the financial and economic activities of the defense industrial complex organizations. On my instructions, in early March, the government provided information on specific credit institutions that interact with defense industry enterprises. Here we will establish an iron order. In the end, we will make the procedures required for the interests of the case transparent.
The average monthly salary in the defense industry in the 2011 year is about 25 thousand rubles. Including at industrial enterprises - 21 thousand, and in scientific organizations - more than 32 thousand rubles. Thanks to the measures taken, the trend towards a reduction in the number of workers in the military-industrial complex has somewhat slowed down. At the same time in the scientific field since 2010, stabilization and a slight increase in the number of employed workers are observed.
There is a steady positive dynamics of the total volume of industrial production and labor productivity growth. The economic growth rate of the defense industry significantly exceeds the general industrial. So, for example, in 2009 – 2011, the volume of military products increased almost one and a half times, and labor productivity - in 1,6 times. In recent years, the share of military products in the total volume of defense production has increased and amounted to about two thirds. Almost a third of it is exported through military-technical cooperation.
In terms of export sales of military equipment, we confidently enter the top three world leaders. According to preliminary estimates, the volume of exports of weapons and military equipment from Russia in 2011, exceeded 12 billions of dollars, which again exceeded the level of previous years. That is, with 2000 for nine years, it has grown by about 220 percent. Currently, Russian weapons and military equipment are bought around 70 countries of the world. All this testifies to the fact that enterprises of the domestic defense industry are able to compete on equal terms with foreign manufacturers. weapons in global markets.
Assessing the competitiveness of domestic and Western military products, the following should be noted. If we compare the same type of Russian armament and military equipment with advanced foreign analogues, then for some systems and complexes we either go flush or even have an advantage. In this regard, first of all, it should be noted weapons and military equipment related to strategic nuclear forces, aerospace defense, some complexes of rocket forces and artillery, models of VVT air force.
However, there are domestic weapons systems and military equipment, which are lagging behind in their characteristics from advanced foreign developments. And some systems essential for the defense of the country are completely absent.
Figuratively speaking, if we conventionally classify weapons by economic and business class, then we have weapons of the economy-class level (for waging large-scale wars) in our country at the level of the best world standards. But IWT for special operations, all sorts of pinpoint strikes, we still have to create.
In order to increase the competitiveness of domestic products, launch a large-scale technological modernization of the defense industrial complex, measures will be taken by the federal target program for the development of the Russian military-industrial complex up to 2020 of the year, which 22 February has already approved by the government.
In the period of 2011 – 2014, investments in the framework of state capital investments under this target program increased almost three and a half times compared to 2010. The overwhelming part of them (75 percent) will be used to purchase new equipment to replace outdated and worn out ones. In fact, we are starting a total modernization of the machine park of the Russian military-industrial complex. Apparently, it will be necessary to conduct an audit of the economic activities of all defense enterprises, their material and technical base (from the point of view of the armament fund).
In the next ten years, the defense industry must make a technological breakthrough. It is necessary to radically modernize the production-technological and experimental-test base. At the same time, let us be frank - in our country big business, including vertically integrated structures, still has a certain inertia in terms of introducing innovative projects.
Private business is able to more quickly and flexibly respond to promising market demands. It is new private companies that can initiate technological breakthroughs that can radically change one or another field of activity in the defense industry. We already have good examples in the field of small-scale production, based on the attraction of private capital.
I can not bypass the question of why the failures in the rocket and space industry have become more frequent. Moreover, in this regard, there are calls to punish corrupt officials and slobs.
First about the "Mace". Product development was very difficult. At this stage, we went through two economic crises. It was at that time that the peak of the action of a number of destructive factors of an economic, industrial and technological nature came. Nevertheless, as a result of measures taken by the government, the situation was stabilized. The marine nuclear system as part of the project 955 strategic missile submarine cruiser and the Bulava strategic missile complex will be part of the naval fleet this year already.
As for spacecraft, Roskosmos has developed a complex of administrative, technical and organizational measures aimed at correcting the current situation. We held a representative meeting in Voronezh on the basis of the Chemical Automatics Design Bureau, where the head of Roscosmos proposed an industry development program for the period up to 30 years.
The problems associated with rocket and space technology have no pronounced corruption component. They are caused both by the lack of a domestic electronic component base with proper characteristics, and a significant reduction in the institution of military missions in enterprises. In general, we are talking about the systemic nature of problems in industry and in the field of personnel training.
We are already undertaking measures to increase the responsibility of the heads of organizations for the fulfillment of the tasks set for them and the achievement of measurable results. Of course, the manifestations of negligence, ignoring the already existing regulatory framework should not go unpunished. We intend to continue to pay special attention to the level of performance discipline.
I recall the words from Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin’s article “To Be Strong”, that embezzlement and corruption in the defense-industrial complex should be considered as treason. However, punitive measures alone will not improve the reliability of domestic technology.
And about the military acceptance. Given the significant reduction in military missions at defense companies, the Ministry of Defense of Russia has been given the following instructions. With the participation of interested federal executive bodies, prepare and submit to the government a draft of a new version of the regulations on the military missions of the Ministry of Defense, taking into account the increased requirements for the quality of military products.
By itself, the system of military missions is not a panacea. This is a necessary, but still insufficient condition for improving the quality of products. Along with military representatives, all enterprises involved in the manufacture of military products without exception should have a system of peculiar quality management in parallel.
The issue of the development of the national radio-electronic base is extremely relevant today. The radio-electronic component is half the cost of a modern spacecraft and, in excess of 70, percent of the conditions for ensuring its reliable operation. Moreover, the solution of problems in the development of radio electronics actually determines the conditions for the technological independence of our country in the field of space activities.
Today, a number of Western countries have deployed cyberwar in the information space. In the United States even created a special cyber command led by a general. Our dependence on a foreign electronic component base can lead to unpredictable consequences when it is used in domestic weapons and military equipment, more precisely, to quite predictable ones.
In this area we are going to take special action. In particular, a special program “Creation of an electronic component base for systems, complexes and armaments of military special equipment” has been formed. Its implementation will significantly reduce the percentage of imported components in our equipment after 50 by 60 – 2015 percent. We will revive the electronic industry. In particular, in Zelenograd at the enterprise "Micron" a new technological line was launched, which manufactures chips of 90 size in nanometers. This is a serious step forward.
Separately, I want to say about personnel and science. The development of human resources and the building-up of the intellectual potential of the organizations of the defense industrial complex, ensuring the social protection of their employees are identified as one of the priority directions of our activity. Since the beginning of this year, we have already held a number of substantive meetings with students, with the faculty of leading Russian universities.
We are currently developing a scheme in which students, even in the early stages of training in technical universities, seem to be part of a kind of cooperation between universities and the leading integrated structure - a state corporation, within which enterprises where these graduates can go.
This will solve the main problem of improving the quality and level of equipment of the technical educational base of universities that train these specialists, and create a new level of motivation for students. Initially, they should be guided by the company or the design bureau where they will work.
The most important task is the restoration of a high level of motivation of workers in the military-industrial complex. Among them are many who survived the stagnation of the defense industry, but retained loyalty to the profession, as well as those who have just now come to the enterprises. It is extremely important for us not only to preserve this motivation, but also to be able to ensure that, in the absence of middle-aged workers in defense enterprises, a bridge is created to transfer knowledge and skills from the older generation to the young.
Love for the motherland should be selfless, but not unrequited. The federal target program “Development of the Defense Industrial Complex” provides funds for the training of scientific, engineering and working personnel, for securing them at enterprises, for solving social issues and for building housing.
Recently, Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin, while in Sarov of the Nizhny Novgorod Region, stated that wages at defense companies and military science should be comparable to the monetary allowance of servicemen. And at the domestic enterprises of special importance, where a most serious scientific and technical reserve for the future is developed, the salary should be comparable with the remuneration of labor in similar organizations in the developed countries of the West and the East. Thus, employees should be excluded from the temptation to go abroad.
Large-scale rearmament of the army and navy is impossible without the program organization of basic and exploratory research in the interests of the defense and security of Russia. This work is focused on the proactive preparation of scientific and scientific-technological reserve in order to go to world-class applied R & D to create new means of warfare and breakthrough industrial technologies.
As part of this task, we are creating a foundation for ordering and supporting breakthrough high-risk research and development in the interests of the country's defense and security. In the near future, the project of creating this fund will be submitted to the president, and then submitted to the chambers of the Federal Assembly.
Today it makes no sense for someone to catch up and go on the beaten track. It is necessary to move away from the square-cluster way of thinking, to look not at tomorrow, but on the day after tomorrow. At the same time, to take control of the coordination of planning and conducting research and using their results. We intend to sharply raise the role of an independent expert scientific community in the competitive selection of research projects that are funded from the budget.
Let me remind you that only this year the state defense order is 704 billion rubles. Given the loan funds under the state guarantees of the Russian Federation, this amount is even more - 870 billion rubles. This significantly exceeds all the costs of technical equipment of the Armed Forces in previous years.
An analysis of the failure of the state defense order on a number of positions last year revealed a number of reasons for this phenomenon. Firstly, the poor quality of state defense order planning and, as a result, the need for various kinds of clarifications in the course of its implementation. Secondly, the late development of the level of projected prices. Thirdly, poor coordination of the work of the principal executors with the cooperation and ineffective interaction of the state customers with the principal executors.
At the moment, we actually have no government policy in the field of pricing for military products. Now the Military-Industrial Commission and the Ministry of Defense are working to work out the correct, fair price for the products of the military-industrial complex.
Requires additional measures and the issue of improving the quality of products, weapons and military equipment. According to the Ministry of Defense, the number of complaints last year increased by 30 percent compared to 2010. The necessary instructions in this regard have already been given to the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia, the Ministry of Defense, and Roskosmos.
I would like to cite the state corporation Rosatom as a positive example of well-established work. From year to year, the tasks of the state defense order in the area of its responsibility are carried out at 100 percent. The result was achieved largely due to synchronization of the timing and financing of measures for the technical re-equipment of the nuclear weapons complex and the activities of the State Armaments Program.
We will continue to improve the mechanisms for controlling the passage of contracts in the framework of the state defense order. Now the work is not being done routinely, as we would like, but more in manual control. The situation is reported to me weekly. A certain positive trend is noted in comparison with last year’s situation. If in the 2011 year as of 1 in March, the Defense Ministry transferred a little more than 100 billion rubles to defense companies, then as of today, more than 230 billion have been transferred. The practice of concluding long-term contracts has been significantly expanded. This is a result of the measures taken by the government to eliminate the above shortcomings.
In the future, it is necessary at any time to clearly understand where, what and by whom it is done, at what stage the work is located, and to quickly resolve problems as they arise. In the next month we plan to deploy the GAS “GOZ” system, which will provide on-line information on the contracting situation and the fulfillment of the state defense order.
Let me remind you that in the next ten years, the state will invest trillion rubles in the modernization of the 23 Armed Forces. 20 trillion is the state armament program itself, three trillion is the federal program of defense industry. This is a huge amount, and one of the main issues is to ensure efficient use of the allocated funds.
Lovers to warm their hands on the state budget and the "defense" should hack on their nose that corruption in this area will be punished by the upper limit. We will consider bribe takers and corrupt officials direct accomplices of potential enemies.
I will dwell separately on arms purchases abroad. Recently, discussions in the field of armored vehicles have been very sharp. For example, now Uralvagonzavod produces Tanks T-90 in the interests of a foreign customer. The conveyor at the enterprise does not stop. In the interests of the Armed Forces at Uralvagonzavod, the scope of work on the repair and deep modernization of T-72 tanks has been increased. In addition, by order of the Ministry of Defense, measures are being taken to develop a heavy caterpillar unified platform "Armata" and a combat vehicle based on it. We hope through this machine to achieve superiority on the battlefield. I emphasize that any foreign, even one-time purchases require a qualified assessment. Including from the point of view of the cost of the life cycle, that is, taking into account after-sales service, operating costs, up to the assessment of our climatic conditions.
In conclusion. The state of the regulatory framework and the functioning of the development of the defense industry complex is currently lagging behind the ambitious objectives of the State Armaments Program. In order to legally address the pressing problems of February 22, the government approved a draft federal law “On State Defense Order”. New provisions of the project will help solve a number of problems in this area. In this regard, the creation of the Commission for the legal support and development of defense organizations in the structure of the State Duma is very positive.
All this allows us to expect that by joint efforts we will solve the most important tasks in the area of strengthening the defense capability of our Motherland.
After the report, the Deputy Prime Minister of Russia, Chairman of the Military Industrial Commission Dmitry Rogozin answered the numerous questions of deputies of the State Duma
About ammunition industry
This is one of the most difficult problems. Even in very difficult years, we never reduced the costs of development, for example, of strategic nuclear forces, the ammunition industry, the development of small arms and special chemistry were largely deprived of the attention of the state. There are a lot of difficult problems. Currently, the Ministry of Defense has full ammunition depots. Many have expired, their disposal is carried out. Nevertheless, we began work on new types of ammunition for both artillery and small arms. We plan to conduct a deep modernization of the Kalashnikov machine gun and conduct negotiations on this topic with the Ministry of Defense. In the near future, a special laboratory will be created at the Military-Industrial Commission, where, with the help of specialists from the Central Research Institute of Tochmash, new small arms systems will be tested. It will use the most promising attachments - designators, new optics, etc. We consider all this in a single complex. Evaluate weapons on the battlefield will be specialists from leading Russian law enforcement agencies.
I think by the end of the year we will have a new pistol, not inferior to any of the existing models of such weapons in the world, as well as sniper and police rifles. We are also working on a sniper grenade launcher and related ammunition.
As for special chemistry (powder plants), they are almost all state-owned. Admittedly, enterprises are in a difficult situation today. Adopted a special program, which will be reviewed in March. In accordance with this document, we will determine growth points and, with the help of the federal target program “Development of the defense industry complex”, we will ensure the purchase and purchase of equipment, both domestic and imported. We must have exactly burning powder, which is required for modern ammunition, and not the one that is sometimes offered to us by enterprises today.
We also plan to introduce stricter standards for the shelf life of the ammunition available to the Armed Forces. Morally obsolete with expired expiration dates that cannot be used in new weapon systems are recyclable. To this end, industrial facilities for the disposal of ammunition will be expanded. I think that by the end of the year we will try to make in this area, if not a breakthrough, then a serious step forward.
About the fire on the submarine "Ekaterinburg"
Investigative actions are not completed yet. The Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation appointed engineering and technological forensic examination, military authorized forensic examination, fire and technical expertise, and three explosive technical examinations. The Military-Industrial Commission, together with the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the Ministry of Defense, carries out a corresponding assessment of the technical and documentary base, on the basis of which repair work was carried out on the submarine. The results of all examinations will be reported to the political leadership of the country. They will not remain a secret to the public.
About the purchase of fabrics for military uniforms abroad
The Ministry of Economic Development of Russia with the participation of other agencies prepared a draft resolution “On the establishment of additional requirements for participants in order placement when placing orders for the supply of clothing for the needs of federal executive bodies”. To him there are certain comments from the leadership of the Ministry of Defense. There are concerns about lowering the quality of products and overpricing. On my instructions, and after receiving the deputy's request, a decision was made - March 7 held a meeting of the conciliation commission. I hope the issue will be resolved. Sure in favor of domestic producers.
On the need to abolish the R & D tax in the military-industrial complex
There is no tax on R & D if they are financed from the budget. Probably, we are talking about the work carried out by enterprises at their own expense. This topic was raised 20 February at a retreat in Komsomolsk-on-Amur. The Prime Minister instructed the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade, the Ministry of Finance to work out the issue of removing VAT on funds that enterprises will send to research and developmental works. The corresponding instruction is given. I think we will prepare the appropriate regulatory framework.
On corruption in the purchase of foreign models of weapons and military equipment
Often within the framework of the state defense order we work on closed tenders. This creates a certain nutrient medium for the possibility of corruption in the DIC. But I would like to inform you - the Military-Industrial Commission has opened a public reception and Internet reception. We will collect all the facts, including those that did not fall earlier in our field of vision. And conduct checks on them.
What explains the purchase of weapons and military equipment abroad? The Ministry of Defense (and I support this position) is carefully observing that in the combat use of our weapons and military equipment, a person should be put at the center — a soldier and an officer. They should not die on the battlefield due to shortcomings in the design of weapons and military equipment. We cannot allow ourselves when conducting special operations, in the course of local conflicts, our soldier is poorly protected. In this regard, significant claims by the Ministry of Defense regarding the quality of Russian military products must be considered fair.
How to fill these gaps? In operational mode, we are now working to improve the quality of Russian technology. For example, in Kurgan, in the production of armored combat vehicles, in particular the BMD-4M, a sufficiently high level of protection has already been achieved. There are similar developments in other types of weapons and military equipment. For example, in KamAZ and Miass plant of specialized cars. The new car "Typhoon-TP" is armored in the sixth class.
The main emphasis in increasing the pace of production of modern competitive technology - ensuring the survival of personnel during combat operations. I suppose in the near future we will completely abandon any purchases abroad.
On the expediency of recreating the ministries (heavy, medium machine-building, etc.) that existed in the USSR and appointing them responsible for the state defense order
We are on the path to building the capacity of integrated structures. Each of them assumes control over, figuratively speaking, a trans-horizon vision. That is, the vision of what we need through 20, 30, 40 years in terms of the production of weapons and military equipment. This work continues. We understand that, for example, aerospace defense is a combination of shock, information systems and means of electronic warfare of space, land, sea, air-based. Accordingly, we should talk about the creation and consolidation of industrial integration between the most diverse enterprises of different forms of ownership. We are going this way. And it will be done. The problem is different. For many years, the defense industry was not funded at all. Enterprises either directly export-oriented weapons (and, at the expense of export, retained their capacities and personnel potential) or oriented towards strategic nuclear forces, survived.
But today, huge amounts of money are being invested in the defense industry. And when analyzing the capabilities of an enterprise, the question sometimes arises: will it cope with the task? Therefore, we deal with the problems of modernization, change of management, commissioning and supervision by the Military Industrial Commission. We understand the situation in the defense industry and we will work in a systematic way. I am absolutely convinced that the tasks set by the State Armaments Program will be fully implemented.
On measures to financially improve the enterprises of the military-industrial complex and prevent their bankruptcies due to the entry into the WTO and the likely second wave of large privatization
In the context of Russia's accession to the WTO, it is unlikely that any significant problems will arise for the main enterprises of our military-industrial complex. Procurement of aircraft carriers and strategic nuclear missiles within the framework of the WTO, presumably, will not happen. The problem is different - how to avoid bankruptcy of enterprises. Especially when it comes to strategic enterprises or organizations.
The other day we held a regular meeting of the bankruptcy commission of strategic defense enterprises. The measures taken are related to the allocation of subsidies and the procedure for debt restructuring. In particular, for the period from 2008 to 2011, the decision was made to provide more than 60 subsidies to strategic enterprises in order to prevent bankruptcy totaling more than 16 billion rubles. More than at 30 percent of the enterprises of the military-industrial complex, which allocated subsidies from 2008 to 2011, it was possible to fully restore solvency and liquidity. At a recent meeting of the bankruptcy commission, a decision was made - the government should pay additional attention to enterprises in the event that their production is associated with a complete process chain.
Of course, under no circumstances will we allow bankrupt and destroy any enterprises that are focused on the production of components of the State Arms Program that are strategically important for us.
On the creation of a personnel reserve for the management team of the defense industry and the possibility of nominating intelligent workers from the Russian hinterland
We will be grateful for information about intelligent, professionally trained and patriotic people who are able to raise a complex enterprise. We announce the creation of a personnel reserve of the Military-Industrial Commission. We will start with hundreds of people, then we will go as far as a thousand by the type of reserve that the President of the Russian Federation has formed for government. The requirements for such workers will not concern their party affiliation, first of all we are interested in their professional and business skills.
On the creation of an analogue of DARP - a system for identifying breakthrough technologies for the development of advanced weapons
The initiative belongs to the President of the Russian Federation. The first documents they have already signed. I believe that in the very near future we will be able to report on the completion of work on this draft law.
The problem of creating an advanced fundamental scientific and technical groundwork, which allows you to look beyond the horizon and not sleep through the current trends in the development of weapons and military equipment, is a very necessary and complex matter. Probably you can not demand this from the Ministry of Defense. It should deal with pressing issues. Therefore, it was decided to develop a federal target program of fundamental research and research in the field of defense and security for the long term. A similar program has already been developed, is in a high degree of readiness and will be submitted to the government. There will be a fund - a body that will allow the collection of allocated funds and conduct these searches and studies.
Why did you decide to organize this work through a special fund? Otherwise, the existing regulatory framework, in particular the Federal Law 94-FZ, does not allow. How can one conduct contests for fundamental research using the procedures of the 94 law? It was decided to form a fund through the relevant legislation. The law on the fund today in a high degree of readiness. In working order, he worked through the legal department of the presidential administration. At the initiative of the president, in the near future it will be submitted to the State Duma for consideration.
On increasing spending on the development of military-industrial cooperation in the framework of the CSTO for 2012 – 2014 years
We monitor everything that happens within the framework of military-technical policy in all countries - allies of the Russian Federation. In the near future, a meeting with our Belarusian colleagues will be held at the Military-Industrial Commission under the Russian government. We will “check watches” in terms of our execution of the State Armaments Program and cooperation with enterprises located in the territory of the Republic of Belarus. For example, we have good prospects with Belarusians on the subject of creating modern elemental base of microelectronics.
In March and April my meeting with the secretaries of the CSTO security councils is planned. We are working together to develop such crucially important decisions for us as the use of a single tactical level of command and control in the armies of the CSTO member states. It is extremely important for us, on the one hand, not to allow Western technologies, and on the other - to introduce our own. We are considering the possibility of using the production capacity of the enterprises of Belarus and Kyrgyzstan for the production, repair and restoration, as well as the disposal of weapons and military equipment. Unfortunately, so far we have no joint budget that we could implement for these purposes.
Conclusion
Concern about the state of the military-industrial complex is today a matter of consolidating society and the State Duma. Now no one questions the main thing - the need to have a modern defense of our state. We need today the Armed Forces, capable of repelling any aggressor or group of aggressors who have encroached on our security.
It is gratifying that at the present time it is not so much about weapons and military equipment, but about the motivation of the OPK personnel. These people remained loyal and loyal to their professions, the domestic defense industry. But after all, they were not just forgotten in 90-s ... I think that in those days deliberate actions were taken to create a special break in the technological chains.
What are the current pricing issues? There is a monopolist that produces one but important bolt. In this bolt, he lays virtually all of his expenses, thereby inflating the final price of military products. The head enterprise of the defense industry, which is the executor of the defense order, suffers in many respects precisely because of the destruction of the horizontal and vertical technological chains that coherently functioned in the past. They need to be restored. And without competent OPK personnel this is impossible.
We must learn to look beyond the horizon. I would like once again to cite as an example the article by Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin. Not because the author is the chairman of the government, but I am his deputy. Reread this authentic doctrinal document carefully. This is a concept that is spelled out on 30 – 40 years in advance. From this article, I, for example, assume each paragraph, each paragraph to allocate and give protocol instructions for execution. Put under control everything that is written there. Add something especially nothing.
In particular, the article says that the main class that we should have today in the defense industry is the class of general designers. It is said correctly. Today, however, general designers in many enterprises act as hired labor. The director of the production association simply hires the general designer. This is fundamentally wrong.
How were the general designers formed during the Soviet era? Who was Sergei Pavlovich Korolev? He was not just a general designer. He led the project as a whole, implemented it in full. He just looked at the horizon, saw the prospect entirely and lined up a scientific, research, experimental, design, technological, industrial chain proceeding from a single idea. This is what you need to do now. And the General Designers' Council will work actively with the Military-Industrial Commission exactly in the form in which we conceived it.
A few words about the personnel potential of enterprises and personnel reserve. The bench in the defense industry today is extremely short. It is believed that the average age in the defense industry is 46 years. This is like the average temperature in the hospital. We do not have 46-year-olds in enterprises. There are twenty years old young people who believe in something. They came to the military-industrial complex and are ready to work. There are our great old men who, in the most difficult years, held on to their enterprises and OKB. We just have to form the average age, to make possible the transfer of knowledge from generation to generation.
In conclusion, I emphasize once again that without national support, it is impossible to solve the problem of ensuring the country's defense capability. This issue should be consolidating for our entire society.
The “Military Industrial Courier” weekly publishes a report by the Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation, the Chairman of the Military Industrial Commission Dmitry Rogozin, made in the February 28 State Duma.
Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin’s article on the Armed Forces and the “To Be Strong” defense-industrial complex is exclusively programmatic and strategic. Therefore, at present, it is necessary to talk about how to put into practice the theses set forth in this doctrinal document. And what is already being done in terms of the modernization of the military-industrial complex and the implementation of the State Armaments Program.
The modern defense industry complex of the Russian Federation is 1300 enterprises and organizations in 64 regions of Russia. About two million people work in the defense industry today. The organizational reform of the DIC is almost complete.
Currently, the main scientific and industrial potential is concentrated in integrated structures that produce more than 60 percent of all products of the military-industrial complex. The reform was dictated by the need to halt the collapse of the intellectual branches of our industry, to preserve the scientific and production potential through the consolidation of resources and the centralization of management.
Today, about 70 percent of organizations of the entire Russian defense industry complex are under the direct control of the state, including through the leading organizations and integrated structures. The need to further increase state control, in our opinion, is absent. Moreover, to optimize the corporate governance system, the government reduces the number of civil servants on the boards of directors of joint-stock companies.
As for the disclosure of the ownership structure of private enterprises, counterparties (executors of the state defense order), I would note the need for the adoption of appropriate binding legislation for this. We are already working on a proposal aimed at ensuring the transparency of the financial and economic activities of the defense industrial complex organizations. On my instructions, in early March, the government provided information on specific credit institutions that interact with defense industry enterprises. Here we will establish an iron order. In the end, we will make the procedures required for the interests of the case transparent.
The average monthly salary in the defense industry in the 2011 year is about 25 thousand rubles. Including at industrial enterprises - 21 thousand, and in scientific organizations - more than 32 thousand rubles. Thanks to the measures taken, the trend towards a reduction in the number of workers in the military-industrial complex has somewhat slowed down. At the same time in the scientific field since 2010, stabilization and a slight increase in the number of employed workers are observed.
There is a steady positive dynamics of the total volume of industrial production and labor productivity growth. The economic growth rate of the defense industry significantly exceeds the general industrial. So, for example, in 2009 – 2011, the volume of military products increased almost one and a half times, and labor productivity - in 1,6 times. In recent years, the share of military products in the total volume of defense production has increased and amounted to about two thirds. Almost a third of it is exported through military-technical cooperation.
In terms of export sales of military equipment, we confidently enter the top three world leaders. According to preliminary estimates, the volume of exports of weapons and military equipment from Russia in 2011, exceeded 12 billions of dollars, which again exceeded the level of previous years. That is, with 2000 for nine years, it has grown by about 220 percent. Currently, Russian weapons and military equipment are bought around 70 countries of the world. All this testifies to the fact that enterprises of the domestic defense industry are able to compete on equal terms with foreign manufacturers. weapons in global markets.
Assessing the competitiveness of domestic and Western military products, the following should be noted. If we compare the same type of Russian armament and military equipment with advanced foreign analogues, then for some systems and complexes we either go flush or even have an advantage. In this regard, first of all, it should be noted weapons and military equipment related to strategic nuclear forces, aerospace defense, some complexes of rocket forces and artillery, models of VVT air force.
However, there are domestic weapons systems and military equipment, which are lagging behind in their characteristics from advanced foreign developments. And some systems essential for the defense of the country are completely absent.
Figuratively speaking, if we conventionally classify weapons by economic and business class, then we have weapons of the economy-class level (for waging large-scale wars) in our country at the level of the best world standards. But IWT for special operations, all sorts of pinpoint strikes, we still have to create.
In order to increase the competitiveness of domestic products, launch a large-scale technological modernization of the defense industrial complex, measures will be taken by the federal target program for the development of the Russian military-industrial complex up to 2020 of the year, which 22 February has already approved by the government.
In the period of 2011 – 2014, investments in the framework of state capital investments under this target program increased almost three and a half times compared to 2010. The overwhelming part of them (75 percent) will be used to purchase new equipment to replace outdated and worn out ones. In fact, we are starting a total modernization of the machine park of the Russian military-industrial complex. Apparently, it will be necessary to conduct an audit of the economic activities of all defense enterprises, their material and technical base (from the point of view of the armament fund).
In the next ten years, the defense industry must make a technological breakthrough. It is necessary to radically modernize the production-technological and experimental-test base. At the same time, let us be frank - in our country big business, including vertically integrated structures, still has a certain inertia in terms of introducing innovative projects.
Private business is able to more quickly and flexibly respond to promising market demands. It is new private companies that can initiate technological breakthroughs that can radically change one or another field of activity in the defense industry. We already have good examples in the field of small-scale production, based on the attraction of private capital.
I can not bypass the question of why the failures in the rocket and space industry have become more frequent. Moreover, in this regard, there are calls to punish corrupt officials and slobs.
First about the "Mace". Product development was very difficult. At this stage, we went through two economic crises. It was at that time that the peak of the action of a number of destructive factors of an economic, industrial and technological nature came. Nevertheless, as a result of measures taken by the government, the situation was stabilized. The marine nuclear system as part of the project 955 strategic missile submarine cruiser and the Bulava strategic missile complex will be part of the naval fleet this year already.
As for spacecraft, Roskosmos has developed a complex of administrative, technical and organizational measures aimed at correcting the current situation. We held a representative meeting in Voronezh on the basis of the Chemical Automatics Design Bureau, where the head of Roscosmos proposed an industry development program for the period up to 30 years.
The problems associated with rocket and space technology have no pronounced corruption component. They are caused both by the lack of a domestic electronic component base with proper characteristics, and a significant reduction in the institution of military missions in enterprises. In general, we are talking about the systemic nature of problems in industry and in the field of personnel training.
We are already undertaking measures to increase the responsibility of the heads of organizations for the fulfillment of the tasks set for them and the achievement of measurable results. Of course, the manifestations of negligence, ignoring the already existing regulatory framework should not go unpunished. We intend to continue to pay special attention to the level of performance discipline.
I recall the words from Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin’s article “To Be Strong”, that embezzlement and corruption in the defense-industrial complex should be considered as treason. However, punitive measures alone will not improve the reliability of domestic technology.
And about the military acceptance. Given the significant reduction in military missions at defense companies, the Ministry of Defense of Russia has been given the following instructions. With the participation of interested federal executive bodies, prepare and submit to the government a draft of a new version of the regulations on the military missions of the Ministry of Defense, taking into account the increased requirements for the quality of military products.
By itself, the system of military missions is not a panacea. This is a necessary, but still insufficient condition for improving the quality of products. Along with military representatives, all enterprises involved in the manufacture of military products without exception should have a system of peculiar quality management in parallel.
The issue of the development of the national radio-electronic base is extremely relevant today. The radio-electronic component is half the cost of a modern spacecraft and, in excess of 70, percent of the conditions for ensuring its reliable operation. Moreover, the solution of problems in the development of radio electronics actually determines the conditions for the technological independence of our country in the field of space activities.
Today, a number of Western countries have deployed cyberwar in the information space. In the United States even created a special cyber command led by a general. Our dependence on a foreign electronic component base can lead to unpredictable consequences when it is used in domestic weapons and military equipment, more precisely, to quite predictable ones.
In this area we are going to take special action. In particular, a special program “Creation of an electronic component base for systems, complexes and armaments of military special equipment” has been formed. Its implementation will significantly reduce the percentage of imported components in our equipment after 50 by 60 – 2015 percent. We will revive the electronic industry. In particular, in Zelenograd at the enterprise "Micron" a new technological line was launched, which manufactures chips of 90 size in nanometers. This is a serious step forward.
Separately, I want to say about personnel and science. The development of human resources and the building-up of the intellectual potential of the organizations of the defense industrial complex, ensuring the social protection of their employees are identified as one of the priority directions of our activity. Since the beginning of this year, we have already held a number of substantive meetings with students, with the faculty of leading Russian universities.
We are currently developing a scheme in which students, even in the early stages of training in technical universities, seem to be part of a kind of cooperation between universities and the leading integrated structure - a state corporation, within which enterprises where these graduates can go.
This will solve the main problem of improving the quality and level of equipment of the technical educational base of universities that train these specialists, and create a new level of motivation for students. Initially, they should be guided by the company or the design bureau where they will work.
The most important task is the restoration of a high level of motivation of workers in the military-industrial complex. Among them are many who survived the stagnation of the defense industry, but retained loyalty to the profession, as well as those who have just now come to the enterprises. It is extremely important for us not only to preserve this motivation, but also to be able to ensure that, in the absence of middle-aged workers in defense enterprises, a bridge is created to transfer knowledge and skills from the older generation to the young.
Love for the motherland should be selfless, but not unrequited. The federal target program “Development of the Defense Industrial Complex” provides funds for the training of scientific, engineering and working personnel, for securing them at enterprises, for solving social issues and for building housing.
Recently, Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin, while in Sarov of the Nizhny Novgorod Region, stated that wages at defense companies and military science should be comparable to the monetary allowance of servicemen. And at the domestic enterprises of special importance, where a most serious scientific and technical reserve for the future is developed, the salary should be comparable with the remuneration of labor in similar organizations in the developed countries of the West and the East. Thus, employees should be excluded from the temptation to go abroad.
Large-scale rearmament of the army and navy is impossible without the program organization of basic and exploratory research in the interests of the defense and security of Russia. This work is focused on the proactive preparation of scientific and scientific-technological reserve in order to go to world-class applied R & D to create new means of warfare and breakthrough industrial technologies.
As part of this task, we are creating a foundation for ordering and supporting breakthrough high-risk research and development in the interests of the country's defense and security. In the near future, the project of creating this fund will be submitted to the president, and then submitted to the chambers of the Federal Assembly.
Today it makes no sense for someone to catch up and go on the beaten track. It is necessary to move away from the square-cluster way of thinking, to look not at tomorrow, but on the day after tomorrow. At the same time, to take control of the coordination of planning and conducting research and using their results. We intend to sharply raise the role of an independent expert scientific community in the competitive selection of research projects that are funded from the budget.
Let me remind you that only this year the state defense order is 704 billion rubles. Given the loan funds under the state guarantees of the Russian Federation, this amount is even more - 870 billion rubles. This significantly exceeds all the costs of technical equipment of the Armed Forces in previous years.
An analysis of the failure of the state defense order on a number of positions last year revealed a number of reasons for this phenomenon. Firstly, the poor quality of state defense order planning and, as a result, the need for various kinds of clarifications in the course of its implementation. Secondly, the late development of the level of projected prices. Thirdly, poor coordination of the work of the principal executors with the cooperation and ineffective interaction of the state customers with the principal executors.
At the moment, we actually have no government policy in the field of pricing for military products. Now the Military-Industrial Commission and the Ministry of Defense are working to work out the correct, fair price for the products of the military-industrial complex.
Requires additional measures and the issue of improving the quality of products, weapons and military equipment. According to the Ministry of Defense, the number of complaints last year increased by 30 percent compared to 2010. The necessary instructions in this regard have already been given to the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia, the Ministry of Defense, and Roskosmos.
I would like to cite the state corporation Rosatom as a positive example of well-established work. From year to year, the tasks of the state defense order in the area of its responsibility are carried out at 100 percent. The result was achieved largely due to synchronization of the timing and financing of measures for the technical re-equipment of the nuclear weapons complex and the activities of the State Armaments Program.
We will continue to improve the mechanisms for controlling the passage of contracts in the framework of the state defense order. Now the work is not being done routinely, as we would like, but more in manual control. The situation is reported to me weekly. A certain positive trend is noted in comparison with last year’s situation. If in the 2011 year as of 1 in March, the Defense Ministry transferred a little more than 100 billion rubles to defense companies, then as of today, more than 230 billion have been transferred. The practice of concluding long-term contracts has been significantly expanded. This is a result of the measures taken by the government to eliminate the above shortcomings.
In the future, it is necessary at any time to clearly understand where, what and by whom it is done, at what stage the work is located, and to quickly resolve problems as they arise. In the next month we plan to deploy the GAS “GOZ” system, which will provide on-line information on the contracting situation and the fulfillment of the state defense order.
Let me remind you that in the next ten years, the state will invest trillion rubles in the modernization of the 23 Armed Forces. 20 trillion is the state armament program itself, three trillion is the federal program of defense industry. This is a huge amount, and one of the main issues is to ensure efficient use of the allocated funds.
Lovers to warm their hands on the state budget and the "defense" should hack on their nose that corruption in this area will be punished by the upper limit. We will consider bribe takers and corrupt officials direct accomplices of potential enemies.
I will dwell separately on arms purchases abroad. Recently, discussions in the field of armored vehicles have been very sharp. For example, now Uralvagonzavod produces Tanks T-90 in the interests of a foreign customer. The conveyor at the enterprise does not stop. In the interests of the Armed Forces at Uralvagonzavod, the scope of work on the repair and deep modernization of T-72 tanks has been increased. In addition, by order of the Ministry of Defense, measures are being taken to develop a heavy caterpillar unified platform "Armata" and a combat vehicle based on it. We hope through this machine to achieve superiority on the battlefield. I emphasize that any foreign, even one-time purchases require a qualified assessment. Including from the point of view of the cost of the life cycle, that is, taking into account after-sales service, operating costs, up to the assessment of our climatic conditions.
In conclusion. The state of the regulatory framework and the functioning of the development of the defense industry complex is currently lagging behind the ambitious objectives of the State Armaments Program. In order to legally address the pressing problems of February 22, the government approved a draft federal law “On State Defense Order”. New provisions of the project will help solve a number of problems in this area. In this regard, the creation of the Commission for the legal support and development of defense organizations in the structure of the State Duma is very positive.
All this allows us to expect that by joint efforts we will solve the most important tasks in the area of strengthening the defense capability of our Motherland.
After the report, the Deputy Prime Minister of Russia, Chairman of the Military Industrial Commission Dmitry Rogozin answered the numerous questions of deputies of the State Duma
About ammunition industry
This is one of the most difficult problems. Even in very difficult years, we never reduced the costs of development, for example, of strategic nuclear forces, the ammunition industry, the development of small arms and special chemistry were largely deprived of the attention of the state. There are a lot of difficult problems. Currently, the Ministry of Defense has full ammunition depots. Many have expired, their disposal is carried out. Nevertheless, we began work on new types of ammunition for both artillery and small arms. We plan to conduct a deep modernization of the Kalashnikov machine gun and conduct negotiations on this topic with the Ministry of Defense. In the near future, a special laboratory will be created at the Military-Industrial Commission, where, with the help of specialists from the Central Research Institute of Tochmash, new small arms systems will be tested. It will use the most promising attachments - designators, new optics, etc. We consider all this in a single complex. Evaluate weapons on the battlefield will be specialists from leading Russian law enforcement agencies.
I think by the end of the year we will have a new pistol, not inferior to any of the existing models of such weapons in the world, as well as sniper and police rifles. We are also working on a sniper grenade launcher and related ammunition.
As for special chemistry (powder plants), they are almost all state-owned. Admittedly, enterprises are in a difficult situation today. Adopted a special program, which will be reviewed in March. In accordance with this document, we will determine growth points and, with the help of the federal target program “Development of the defense industry complex”, we will ensure the purchase and purchase of equipment, both domestic and imported. We must have exactly burning powder, which is required for modern ammunition, and not the one that is sometimes offered to us by enterprises today.
We also plan to introduce stricter standards for the shelf life of the ammunition available to the Armed Forces. Morally obsolete with expired expiration dates that cannot be used in new weapon systems are recyclable. To this end, industrial facilities for the disposal of ammunition will be expanded. I think that by the end of the year we will try to make in this area, if not a breakthrough, then a serious step forward.
About the fire on the submarine "Ekaterinburg"
Investigative actions are not completed yet. The Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation appointed engineering and technological forensic examination, military authorized forensic examination, fire and technical expertise, and three explosive technical examinations. The Military-Industrial Commission, together with the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the Ministry of Defense, carries out a corresponding assessment of the technical and documentary base, on the basis of which repair work was carried out on the submarine. The results of all examinations will be reported to the political leadership of the country. They will not remain a secret to the public.
About the purchase of fabrics for military uniforms abroad
The Ministry of Economic Development of Russia with the participation of other agencies prepared a draft resolution “On the establishment of additional requirements for participants in order placement when placing orders for the supply of clothing for the needs of federal executive bodies”. To him there are certain comments from the leadership of the Ministry of Defense. There are concerns about lowering the quality of products and overpricing. On my instructions, and after receiving the deputy's request, a decision was made - March 7 held a meeting of the conciliation commission. I hope the issue will be resolved. Sure in favor of domestic producers.
On the need to abolish the R & D tax in the military-industrial complex
There is no tax on R & D if they are financed from the budget. Probably, we are talking about the work carried out by enterprises at their own expense. This topic was raised 20 February at a retreat in Komsomolsk-on-Amur. The Prime Minister instructed the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade, the Ministry of Finance to work out the issue of removing VAT on funds that enterprises will send to research and developmental works. The corresponding instruction is given. I think we will prepare the appropriate regulatory framework.
On corruption in the purchase of foreign models of weapons and military equipment
Often within the framework of the state defense order we work on closed tenders. This creates a certain nutrient medium for the possibility of corruption in the DIC. But I would like to inform you - the Military-Industrial Commission has opened a public reception and Internet reception. We will collect all the facts, including those that did not fall earlier in our field of vision. And conduct checks on them.
What explains the purchase of weapons and military equipment abroad? The Ministry of Defense (and I support this position) is carefully observing that in the combat use of our weapons and military equipment, a person should be put at the center — a soldier and an officer. They should not die on the battlefield due to shortcomings in the design of weapons and military equipment. We cannot allow ourselves when conducting special operations, in the course of local conflicts, our soldier is poorly protected. In this regard, significant claims by the Ministry of Defense regarding the quality of Russian military products must be considered fair.
How to fill these gaps? In operational mode, we are now working to improve the quality of Russian technology. For example, in Kurgan, in the production of armored combat vehicles, in particular the BMD-4M, a sufficiently high level of protection has already been achieved. There are similar developments in other types of weapons and military equipment. For example, in KamAZ and Miass plant of specialized cars. The new car "Typhoon-TP" is armored in the sixth class.
The main emphasis in increasing the pace of production of modern competitive technology - ensuring the survival of personnel during combat operations. I suppose in the near future we will completely abandon any purchases abroad.
On the expediency of recreating the ministries (heavy, medium machine-building, etc.) that existed in the USSR and appointing them responsible for the state defense order
We are on the path to building the capacity of integrated structures. Each of them assumes control over, figuratively speaking, a trans-horizon vision. That is, the vision of what we need through 20, 30, 40 years in terms of the production of weapons and military equipment. This work continues. We understand that, for example, aerospace defense is a combination of shock, information systems and means of electronic warfare of space, land, sea, air-based. Accordingly, we should talk about the creation and consolidation of industrial integration between the most diverse enterprises of different forms of ownership. We are going this way. And it will be done. The problem is different. For many years, the defense industry was not funded at all. Enterprises either directly export-oriented weapons (and, at the expense of export, retained their capacities and personnel potential) or oriented towards strategic nuclear forces, survived.
But today, huge amounts of money are being invested in the defense industry. And when analyzing the capabilities of an enterprise, the question sometimes arises: will it cope with the task? Therefore, we deal with the problems of modernization, change of management, commissioning and supervision by the Military Industrial Commission. We understand the situation in the defense industry and we will work in a systematic way. I am absolutely convinced that the tasks set by the State Armaments Program will be fully implemented.
On measures to financially improve the enterprises of the military-industrial complex and prevent their bankruptcies due to the entry into the WTO and the likely second wave of large privatization
In the context of Russia's accession to the WTO, it is unlikely that any significant problems will arise for the main enterprises of our military-industrial complex. Procurement of aircraft carriers and strategic nuclear missiles within the framework of the WTO, presumably, will not happen. The problem is different - how to avoid bankruptcy of enterprises. Especially when it comes to strategic enterprises or organizations.
The other day we held a regular meeting of the bankruptcy commission of strategic defense enterprises. The measures taken are related to the allocation of subsidies and the procedure for debt restructuring. In particular, for the period from 2008 to 2011, the decision was made to provide more than 60 subsidies to strategic enterprises in order to prevent bankruptcy totaling more than 16 billion rubles. More than at 30 percent of the enterprises of the military-industrial complex, which allocated subsidies from 2008 to 2011, it was possible to fully restore solvency and liquidity. At a recent meeting of the bankruptcy commission, a decision was made - the government should pay additional attention to enterprises in the event that their production is associated with a complete process chain.
Of course, under no circumstances will we allow bankrupt and destroy any enterprises that are focused on the production of components of the State Arms Program that are strategically important for us.
On the creation of a personnel reserve for the management team of the defense industry and the possibility of nominating intelligent workers from the Russian hinterland
We will be grateful for information about intelligent, professionally trained and patriotic people who are able to raise a complex enterprise. We announce the creation of a personnel reserve of the Military-Industrial Commission. We will start with hundreds of people, then we will go as far as a thousand by the type of reserve that the President of the Russian Federation has formed for government. The requirements for such workers will not concern their party affiliation, first of all we are interested in their professional and business skills.
On the creation of an analogue of DARP - a system for identifying breakthrough technologies for the development of advanced weapons
The initiative belongs to the President of the Russian Federation. The first documents they have already signed. I believe that in the very near future we will be able to report on the completion of work on this draft law.
The problem of creating an advanced fundamental scientific and technical groundwork, which allows you to look beyond the horizon and not sleep through the current trends in the development of weapons and military equipment, is a very necessary and complex matter. Probably you can not demand this from the Ministry of Defense. It should deal with pressing issues. Therefore, it was decided to develop a federal target program of fundamental research and research in the field of defense and security for the long term. A similar program has already been developed, is in a high degree of readiness and will be submitted to the government. There will be a fund - a body that will allow the collection of allocated funds and conduct these searches and studies.
Why did you decide to organize this work through a special fund? Otherwise, the existing regulatory framework, in particular the Federal Law 94-FZ, does not allow. How can one conduct contests for fundamental research using the procedures of the 94 law? It was decided to form a fund through the relevant legislation. The law on the fund today in a high degree of readiness. In working order, he worked through the legal department of the presidential administration. At the initiative of the president, in the near future it will be submitted to the State Duma for consideration.
On increasing spending on the development of military-industrial cooperation in the framework of the CSTO for 2012 – 2014 years
We monitor everything that happens within the framework of military-technical policy in all countries - allies of the Russian Federation. In the near future, a meeting with our Belarusian colleagues will be held at the Military-Industrial Commission under the Russian government. We will “check watches” in terms of our execution of the State Armaments Program and cooperation with enterprises located in the territory of the Republic of Belarus. For example, we have good prospects with Belarusians on the subject of creating modern elemental base of microelectronics.
In March and April my meeting with the secretaries of the CSTO security councils is planned. We are working together to develop such crucially important decisions for us as the use of a single tactical level of command and control in the armies of the CSTO member states. It is extremely important for us, on the one hand, not to allow Western technologies, and on the other - to introduce our own. We are considering the possibility of using the production capacity of the enterprises of Belarus and Kyrgyzstan for the production, repair and restoration, as well as the disposal of weapons and military equipment. Unfortunately, so far we have no joint budget that we could implement for these purposes.
Conclusion
Concern about the state of the military-industrial complex is today a matter of consolidating society and the State Duma. Now no one questions the main thing - the need to have a modern defense of our state. We need today the Armed Forces, capable of repelling any aggressor or group of aggressors who have encroached on our security.
It is gratifying that at the present time it is not so much about weapons and military equipment, but about the motivation of the OPK personnel. These people remained loyal and loyal to their professions, the domestic defense industry. But after all, they were not just forgotten in 90-s ... I think that in those days deliberate actions were taken to create a special break in the technological chains.
What are the current pricing issues? There is a monopolist that produces one but important bolt. In this bolt, he lays virtually all of his expenses, thereby inflating the final price of military products. The head enterprise of the defense industry, which is the executor of the defense order, suffers in many respects precisely because of the destruction of the horizontal and vertical technological chains that coherently functioned in the past. They need to be restored. And without competent OPK personnel this is impossible.
We must learn to look beyond the horizon. I would like once again to cite as an example the article by Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin. Not because the author is the chairman of the government, but I am his deputy. Reread this authentic doctrinal document carefully. This is a concept that is spelled out on 30 – 40 years in advance. From this article, I, for example, assume each paragraph, each paragraph to allocate and give protocol instructions for execution. Put under control everything that is written there. Add something especially nothing.
In particular, the article says that the main class that we should have today in the defense industry is the class of general designers. It is said correctly. Today, however, general designers in many enterprises act as hired labor. The director of the production association simply hires the general designer. This is fundamentally wrong.
How were the general designers formed during the Soviet era? Who was Sergei Pavlovich Korolev? He was not just a general designer. He led the project as a whole, implemented it in full. He just looked at the horizon, saw the prospect entirely and lined up a scientific, research, experimental, design, technological, industrial chain proceeding from a single idea. This is what you need to do now. And the General Designers' Council will work actively with the Military-Industrial Commission exactly in the form in which we conceived it.
A few words about the personnel potential of enterprises and personnel reserve. The bench in the defense industry today is extremely short. It is believed that the average age in the defense industry is 46 years. This is like the average temperature in the hospital. We do not have 46-year-olds in enterprises. There are twenty years old young people who believe in something. They came to the military-industrial complex and are ready to work. There are our great old men who, in the most difficult years, held on to their enterprises and OKB. We just have to form the average age, to make possible the transfer of knowledge from generation to generation.
In conclusion, I emphasize once again that without national support, it is impossible to solve the problem of ensuring the country's defense capability. This issue should be consolidating for our entire society.
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