Modernization news of the Orlan cruisers
Recently, officials have announced several News progress and plans for their completion. For a number of reasons, almost all the latest news on the modernization of Admiral Nakhimov affected only the timing of the required work. The technical details of modernization and other interesting aspects of the ongoing project have not been touched upon recently. Nevertheless, to date, some information on this subject has already been announced, and in addition, numerous assessments have been expressed.
January 13 domestic media published new reports on the completion date of work already begun. Igor Dygalo, a representative of the Department of Information and Mass Communications of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, told the press that the current modernization of the Admiral Nakhimov should be completed in 2020. In accordance with the existing plans, the Sevmash enterprise (Severodvinsk) performs the replacement and renovation of various components and assemblies. A modernization of the life support systems of the ship, radio equipment, and ship power systems is being carried out.
Also during the repair and modernization, a heavy cruiser will lose part of artillery and missile systems, instead of which new types of systems will be installed. According to the results of such upgrades, the ship will have different tactical and technical characteristics, so that it will be able to enhance the potential of the surface forces of the navy.
22 February, the press service of the Sevmash enterprise announced the imminent start of several new phases of repair work. This year, the factory carrying out repairs and modernization of the ship, will begin to receive large-sized equipment necessary for installation on the cruiser. What kind of units will be obtained in the first place - has not yet been clarified.
Also this year, the installation of various systems and pipelines will begin. Preparations for the installation of electrical systems are also ongoing. It was noted that in the course of the repair a new work organization was used. With the help of three-dimensional modeling all the necessary equipment of the ship is combined in one virtual space, which greatly simplifies and speeds up the work. It is reported that some elements of the hull equipment have already been installed in their places using new approaches.
Over the next few weeks, new progress reports and deadlines were not received. New updated information was announced on March 23. President of the United Shipbuilding Corporation Alexei Rakhmanov said that the "Admiral Nakhimov" will be reintroduced into the fleet for the next three or four years. Thus, the ship will return to service in 2020-21. According to the head of USC, the industry is working on this task, taking into account certain changes in the scope of work.
At the end of March, several foreign publications joined the discussion on the modernization of Russian nuclear cruisers, but their publications are of interest not only in connection with the information provided. According to some data and estimates, in the course of modernization, the 1144 Orlan ships will have to receive promising hypersonic Zircon missiles. The use of this missile complex as part of the weapons of “Admiral Nakhimov” and its “sisterships” has not yet received official confirmation, but has already caused a specific reaction abroad.
Both serious specialized mass media and publications with a dubious reputation began to discuss a few known information about Zircon, as well as to predict the prospects for using such weapons in the complex of weapons of the modernized Russian ships. Immediately a number of British and American journalists came to frightening conclusions. In their opinion, the existing foreign ships have no means of protection against the Zircon or other similar weapons, and therefore are unlikely to survive the attack of the updated Russian cruisers.
Recall, the modernization of the cruiser "Admiral Nakhimov" is carried out in accordance with the project 11442M. The decision to conduct such work was made several years ago. The repair contract was signed in the middle of 2013. The following year, the ship was put in the bulk pool for the necessary work. The main contractor in the framework of the repair was the Sevmash plant. In addition, due to the complexity of the work and the need to use various equipment, a large number of subcontractors were involved in the project.
During maintenance, a heavy nuclear missile cruiser must receive various new equipment. In addition, a complex of artillery and rocket weapons will be subjected to the most serious renovation. According to reports, shipbuilders have already changed part of the ship's energy systems. Also, the ship needs to restore the main power plant and other basic elements.
It became known earlier that under the 11442M project a contract was signed for the supply of the main elements of the renewed weapons complex. The cruiser will lose the existing inclined launchers of the Granit P-700 missile complex, which was the main strike vehicle of the ship. 10 universal launchers 3C-14-11442М will be mounted instead. Each such installation incorporates eight cells for the installation of transport-launch containers with a rocket of one type or another.
According to reports, the proposed launchers will allow the cruiser to take on board and use cruise missiles for various purposes of the Caliber family, Onyx anti-ship and even promising Zircon products. The total ammunition of the 3C-14-11442М installations should consist of 80 missiles. The number of products of one type or another will be determined in accordance with the assigned combat mission, which will be facilitated by the universality of installations.
With the help of universal launchers, the ship will be able to use all available missiles for various purposes. So, in the “Caliber” family there are anti-ship missiles, weapons for attacking coastal targets, anti-submarine ammunition, etc. Thanks to the proposed modernization of the shock armament complex, it will significantly increase its combat radius. Depending on the problem being solved, it will be possible to hit targets at ranges of at least 1000-1500 km.
According to reports, a major upgrade of air defense equipment is planned, which will be carried out using the latest air defense systems. Currently, the "Admiral Nakhimov" carries a long-range air defense system C-300F "Fort". During the upgrade, this system may be replaced by a newer C-300FM. It is also possible to supplement this complex with a newer “Polymer Redut” According to various estimates, the ammunition of these systems can be brought to the 100 missiles. The defense of the near zone can be improved with the help of the Palash or Pantsir complexes in the maritime version.
To protect against torpedoes or submarines in the near zone, it is proposed to use the compact mine-torpedo anti-submarine complex “Package-NK”. Such systems are already being used in domestic warships of new projects, but for the Orlans they are a novelty.
Currently, the cruiser carries a twin AK-130 artillery mount with two barrels of 130 caliber mm. It was previously mentioned that this weapon will remain in place. At the same time for some time discussed the possibility of using a new artillery system, including with increased caliber guns.
The ship will still be able to transport and serve the Ka-27 multipurpose helicopter. To ensure work aviation technicians will use new special equipment. In particular, the cruiser will have to receive the take-off and landing complex “Deck-1-11442M”. Despite such re-equipment, aviation equipment will retain all its capabilities, however, it will be able to solve the tasks with increased efficiency.
Planned a major update of the avionics complex. New radar stations for viewing and searching for targets, improved navigation systems, more advanced communications, etc. should be used. Provides for the use of complex electronic warfare. There is information about the use of new lowered and towed sonar stations. The ship will also be able to receive signals from hydroacoustic buoys.
As follows from the available data, the main dimensions and displacement of the ship after modernization will not change. The ship will continue to be 251 m, the maximum width is 28,5 m, and the draft is more than 9 m. Full displacement should exceed 26 thousand tons. Admiral Nakhimov will retain the existing nuclear power plant based on the OK-650B water-to-water reactor -3 supplemented with boiler and turbine systems. The power of the main power plant - 140 thous. Hp All this will keep the running performance at the level of the original project. The maximum speed will reach 32 nodes, the cruising range will be unlimited with autonomy up to 60 days.
Currently under repair is a heavy nuclear missile cruiser "Admiral Nakhimov." Ship renewal should be completed at the end of this decade or at the very beginning of the twenties. According to the previously announced plans of the military department, after the return of “Admiral Nakhimov” to service for repair and modernization, “Peter the Great” will be sent - the only 1144 cruiser currently remaining in service. Repair of the flagship of the Northern Fleet was previously planned to be performed in 2019-22. In connection with some postponement of the completion of work on Admiral Nakhimov, these plans should be adjusted.
For obvious reasons, it’s too early to talk about the exact timing of the completion of the modernization of Peter the Great. The technical details of this project also remain unknown. Probably, this cruiser is being upgraded according to a new project 11442М with a corresponding update of the onboard equipment.
Also, the third ship of the series, the Admiral Lazarev, which served as part of the Pacific Fleet, can later be upgraded. Over the past few years, the further fate of this cruiser has been the subject of numerous discussions and disputes. Information appeared about the planned restoration of the ship with subsequent return to service. In the future, however, news was published about the future write-off and disposal. At the moment, the exact plans of the command of the Navy are unknown. Apparently, they will be formed later, including taking into account the success of the current modernization of "Admiral Nakhimov." In addition, the determination of the future fate of the third Orlan requires taking into account the capabilities of the shipbuilding industry and repair facilities.
The future of the 1144 head cruiser has already been determined. In 2015, the ship "Kirov" (formerly "Admiral Ushakov") decided to send for recycling. Its repair is impossible due to serious damage to the most important units. Until the end of last year, the command was planning to develop a recycling project, according to which the ship would be laid up in the near future.
At the moment, only one heavy nuclear missile cruiser of the 1144 "Orlan" - "Peter the Great" project remains in the combat strength of the Russian Navy. Another similar ship has already gone to repair and upgrade, thanks to which in 2020-21 will be able to return to the system and replenish the grouping of surface ships of the Northern Fleet. The future of the third ship has not yet been determined, and another one will soon be sent for recycling. Thus, in the foreseeable future - by the middle of the next decade - the Navy will receive two heavy cruisers with modern equipment and weapons. In the future, you can upgrade another ship.
Already started repairs will allow the fleet to maintain at least two ships in the fleet. Due to the extension of service life and increased combat performance will be able to create a reserve for successful and efficient operation in the next few decades. This means that after many years of inactivity, one or two ships will be able to return to service and fully contribute to the growth of the fleet’s combat capability as a whole, saving it from the problems of the past.
On the materials of the sites:
http://tass.ru/
http://interfax.ru/
http://ria.ru/
http://tvzvezda.ru/
http://arms-expo.ru/
http://flot.com/
http://bastion-karpenko.ru/
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