Russian mounted grenade launchers

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At the end of the twentieth century 40, in addition to hand grenade launchers, another type of armament was developed in the Soviet Union — the 82 caliber 122 and XNUMX mm anti-tank grenade launchers, which had a significantly greater range of fire and more armor. This type of weapon was defined as a reusable recoilless weapon with cumulative ammunition.

In 1942, the Soviet Union’s People's Commissariat for Petroleum Industry began developing an 82-mm heavy-duty rocket launcher. The works were supervised by A.P. Ostrovsky and N.G.Grigoryan. Later, P. Shuvalov also took part in the development.

First, for this grenade launcher NII-6, controlled by the People's Commissariat of Ammunition, developed a turbojet rotating grenade. However, the high speed of its rotation led to a decrease in armor penetration and the spraying of a cumulative jet, therefore, in 1944, its development was discontinued. Instead, they began to create a non-rotating cumulative feathered armor-piercing grenade, which was equipped with a new type of jet engine. Since such an engine suggested a short period of time for the combustion of a powder charge, which created a high pressure, it became necessary to create a stronger case.

Russian mounted grenade launchers


Tests of the new grenade launcher continued until the end of the war, and after - and its refinement. And only in 1950, the LNG-82 with the cumulative PG-82 grenade was put into service.

The barrel of the grenade launcher - thin-walled, without rifling, smooth, was divided into two parts - muzzle and breech, which were connected by a clutch. The shoulder support, the aiming device and the firing mechanism were attached to the barrel. The barrel itself was mounted on a wheeled machine, which made it possible to transport it to the right place and set it in a combat position.

Grenade PG-82 consisted of a cumulative warhead with a horn-shaped steel funnel, a jet engine, a fuse, a fuse and an aerodynamic ring. Nitroglycerin tubular powder was used as an engine charge, which ensured stable operation regardless of the season.

Acceleration grenade received due to the reactive power of the engine. He continued to work even after the departure of the grenade, so a folding shield was used for protection, under which there was a protective apron. The viewing windows were automatically closed with metal shutters during the shot.
For maintenance of a grenade launcher, three people were required: loader, gunner and grenade carrier. The weight of the whole complex was 38 kilograms. The aimed shot was only 200 meters. The grenade itself weighed 4,5 kilograms and could provide armor penetration of about 175 millimeters.


PG-82 at the top, FG-82 at the bottom


Later, in order to expand the scope of use of LNG-82, an OG-82 fragmentation rocket grenade was developed. The new grenade launcher began to be called SG-82. Its firing range was 700 meters. The fragmentation grenade allowed not only to hit Tanks, but also the enemy’s manpower.

Since the LNG-82 did not have great fighting qualities and could not hit the enemy’s manpower at long distances, and the fact that potential adversaries launched new tanks, the Ministry of Defense of the Soviet Union announced the creation of a new tank in the beginning of the 50 of the last century. improved version of a grenade launcher, which would have such characteristics as:
- no more 100 kilograms of weight,
- armor penetration 200-250 millimeters,
- the ability to defeat infantry at a distance of about 4 kilometers.



The grenade launcher, which was presented by the Special Design Bureau, was a dynamo-reactive design with a wide nozzle and a chamber and a loaded barrel. With the help of a hinge, the barrel was attached to a simple tripod with a removable wheel travel. The turning and lifting mechanisms are screw. Aim devices allowed to fire not only in a straight line, but also from a closed position. And although this weapon required major improvements, in 1954, it was put into service and received the name B-10. Serial production was engaged Tula machine-building plant until 1964 year. B-10 was exported to Algeria, Afghanistan, Angola, Egypt, Vietnam, Cambodia, North Korea, Cuba, China, Syria and Mongolia.

At the same time, work on the creation of a recoilless grenade launcher caliber 107 millimeters was started in these developments. The principle of operation and design of these two grenade launchers were similar, which greatly simplified the establishment of mass production.



This grenade launcher was put into service in the year 1954 B-11. This is a dynamo-reactive smooth-bore artillery system, which included a barrel with a breech, a chamber, a trigger and a bolt, and a machine with a tripod and a combat drive with suspension.

This rocket launcher as well as its predecessor was exported to Cambodia, North Korea, China, Egypt, and Vietnam.



In the 60 of the 20 of the 20th century, the LNG-9 heavy-lift grenade launcher was developed at the SNNP Bazalt. The project was headed by G. E. Belukhin, E. I. Dubrovin, V. I. Baraboshkin, V. P. Zaitsev and M. M. Konovalov. In 1962, successful ground tests were carried out, after which it was commissioned in 1963. The development of the LNG-9 mounted anti-tank grenade launcher was driven by the need to increase the range of fire. The LNG-9 is a recoilless smooth-bore dynamoreactive weapon. During a shot, a grenade is ejected from the barrel with the help of powder gases, which are formed as a result of charge combustion, and the powder gases themselves escape through a nozzle. At the same time, the recoil is balanced by the resulting reactive force. As part of a grenade launcher, you can select the handle with which it rolls, a front sight, a fuse, a bracket with a sight, a mechanism for removing the cartridge after a shot. The shutter, which is attached to the barrel, has the shape of a nozzle having a mechanism for closing and opening the barrel. The barrel is attached to the machine, and the arrangement of the legs of the frame allows you to change the height of the line of fire. In the same place both lifting and turning mechanisms fasten. Optical and mechanical sight PGO-9 mounted on the barrel. The charge is triggered by an electric mechanism, which is located in the frame with a fuse and trigger. In order for the shot not to be made with the shutter open, there is also a special blocking device.

A grenade shot consists of a powder charge and a cumulative grenade. When departing, the grenade gets the speed of 435 meters per second, and then, thanks to the jet engine, it accelerates to 700 meters per second, which significantly reduces its flight time and thus reduces the correction for wind and moving the target.

Grenade PG-7В was modernized in the seventies, as a result of which a new type of it appeared - PG-7ВС, which had more armor-piercing (up to 400 millimeters). A little later another type of shot was developed for this grenade launcher, designed to increase fire capabilities against manpower. This species is a fragmentation grenade OG-98, it does not have a jet engine, but only has a starting powder charge. With its appearance was carried out modernization and grenade launcher.

Servicing the LNG-9 requires 4 man, which makes it possible to carry the gun over long distances (disassembled), as well as quickly change firing positions (in a combat position).

A mounted anti-tank launcher LNG-9 has a number of modifications: LNG-9H (with night sight), LNG-9D (landing variant), LNG-9DN (combination of the two above-mentioned options), LNG-9M (with optical sight), SPG-XN-9D (SPG-9DN), SPG-XNUMXD (SPG-XNUMXD). (with optical and night sight), LNG-XNUMXMD (amphibious version with an optical sight).



There are also automatic mounted grenade launchers. So, AGS-17 "Flame", which was developed in KBTM them. Nudelman. Its main purpose is to defeat enemy personnel and their fire weapons, which are located either in open areas or behind ravines, hollows, etc. The Russian army uses not only a mounted grenade launcher of this type. There is also a helicopter option.

AGS-17 is a miniature artillery gun, which requires two people to maintain. For firing use shots VOG-30 and VOG-17М caliber 30 millimeters. These are universal ammunition, which consist of a grenade fuse, a cartridge case with a powder charge and an igniter capsule. To power the grenade launcher used tape on 29 shots, which is mounted on the right. The trigger mechanism allows you to make both single shots and fire bursts. During the test, it was found that the most effective is shooting bursts at 5 shots.

AGS-17 is installed on the SAG-17 machine. The mechanical sight, which is used for firing, consists of a front sight and a rear sight, which are mounted on the receiver cover. The PAG-17 riflescope can also be used.

The composition of the grenade launcher includes a trigger mechanism, a receiver, a box with a barrel, a reloading mechanism, a bolt and return springs. The main parts of the gun are located in the receiver. The threaded barrel is inserted into the receiver nozzle. Versions made before 90 of the year are also equipped with an aluminum muzzle for cooling. Later this option was abandoned, so modern grenade launchers have annular bulges on the barrel as a cooling mechanism. The body of the optical sight has a transverse and longitudinal levels to give the desired angle of fire.

To date, AGS-17 has surpassed most of the similar foreign systems in its characteristics.

The TKB-0134 “Kozlik” automatic machine-mounted grenade launcher of 40 caliber of millimeters was developed under the guidance of VN Telesh. The main objective of the development is the creation of a light complex for a bezgilzovogo shot, superior in its characteristics to the AGS-17 "Flame". This idea interested the military, so in 1980, development began.



TKB-0134 is a system with automatic venting, the barrel of which is locked with a butterfly valve. The grenade was in the capsule, which was broken by the drummer. Before the shot, all moving parts were in the rear position. When rolled back, the tape was fed to the dosing line using the interaction of the feed lever and the shaped groove of the slide frame. Ammunition was fed into the barrel when reeling, and the barrel was locked.

Despite the fact that the automation was quite traditional, the constructive solution was very original. The bolt carrier with the inner bolt moved inside the housing. There was also a piston for impact, and a return spring in it. All components were mounted concentrically, which ensured reliable operation without distortions.

According to the test results, it became clear that the use of caseless shots made it possible to create a lightweight, simple weapon with high ballistic characteristics.

After testing, this grenade launcher complex was named "Goat".



In the 90 of the twentieth century, based on the TKB-0134, the development of the Balkan grenade launcher of 40 caliber of millimeters began. But due to the economic crisis, all the research has stretched over time. At the moment, the development is managed by the enterprise “Pribor”, which is the main developer of ammunition for automatic guns and automatic grenade launchers in Russia. In 2008, the 6 units of this grenade launcher were delivered, so it is quite possible that very soon the Balkans will appear in service with the Russian armed forces.

The vapor-automatic equipment used in the grenade launcher uses a hammer, which is connected to the slide frame, as a piston. When fired, the powder gases push the drummer back. When the grenade leaves the barrel, the bolt carrier rolls back to its original position. Thus, you can turn the shutter. Food "Balkan" is carried out using metal tapes.

The grenade launcher itself is mounted on an AGS-17 advanced machine equipped with a seat. Also, the grenade launcher has an optical sight.

At present, the AGS-57 automatic machine-based grenade launcher, which is also called a light assault weapon, has begun to enter service with the Russian armed forces. For this type of information is practically absent. It is only known that its firing range is approximately 6 kilometers, the caliber of the gun - 57 millimeters, weight - 250 kilogram.
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    1. Ion coaelung
      +13
      14 February 2012 10: 32
      And why didn’t they mention AGS-30 ???


      Caliber: 30x29B mm
      Type: automatic belt-fed grenade launcher
      Length: 1100 mm
      Weight: kg 16 grenade launcher with machine
      Effective range: up to 800 m for point targets, 1700 m maximum
      Rate of Shooting: 400 rounds per minute



      The AGS-30 automatic grenade launcher was developed in the first half of 1990 in the Tula Instrument Design Bureau as an easier and correspondingly more maneuverable replacement for the successful AGS-17 grenade launcher. For the first time, a new serial grenade launcher was shown to the public in 1999, its serial production was established at the Degtyarev plant in Kovrov. The AGS-30 grenade launcher is in service with units of the Russian Army and the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, in an infantry variant on a tripod machine, as well as on various armored vehicles, in tower or outboard installations. Compared with the AGS-17, the new grenade launcher provides the same combat performance with a significantly smaller mass.

      The automation of the AGS-30 grenade launcher is based on the use of a free shutter when firing from an open shutter. The capsule is tipped and shot in the shutter. Powered by ammunition - from an unbroken metal tape, similar to that used in AGS-17 grenade launchers. Ribbons are fed from round boxes with a capacity of 29 shots. Unlike its predecessor, the fire controls (two horizontal handles and the trigger located on the right handle) are not located on the body of the grenade launcher but on the tripod.

      http://world.guns.ru/grenade/rus/ags-30-r.html
    2. grizzlir
      +1
      14 February 2012 19: 38
      LNG and AGS are very effective weapons, especially against infantry. But carrying them and their ammunition is still a mess.
    3. +1
      14 February 2012 23: 48
      AGS-30 and the goat, one author, namely VN Telesh, 30 later version, half-free shutter with hydraulics / kerosene / heavy compared to tkb 0134, but another shot 40 mm
    4. kronhaos
      -1
      17 May 2012 18: 33
      am am am am am am am am am ttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt
    5. +1
      16 May 2017 22: 43
      photo AGS-57

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